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ME4528 Axial Turbine Revision Questions (2024)

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15 views3 pages

ME4528 Axial Turbine Revision Questions (2024)

Uploaded by

sanju tharun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME4528 AXIAL TURBINE REVISION QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

Consider a single-stage axial turbine which has the following nozzle guide vane (NGV) and
rotor blade shapes shown below.

The stage is tested, and the following data is measured;


Inlet stagnation temperature T01 = 400 K
Outlet stagnation temperature T03 = 358 K
Stage pressure ratio p03 p01 = 0.6236
Blade speed U = 120 m s
Constant axial velocity cz = constant
Gas properties γ = 1.36 c p = 1084 J kg.K

Now complete the following tasks;


i. Draw and label the rotor blade velocity diagram.
ii. Calculate the unknown blade angles β2 and β3 .
iii. Calculate the stage isentropic efficiency (ηst ).

Now consider a multi-stage axial turbine consisting of three single-stages described in part-
(a). You may assume all three stages produce the same specific work output and have the
same stage isentropic efficiency (ηst ). Calculate the multi-stage pressure ratio ( p0 II p0 I )
where T0 I = T01 = 400 K .

Answers
 β 2 = 14.99o  ,  β 3 = 49.8o  , [η st = 0.894] , [ p0 II p0 I = 0.279]

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ME4528 AXIAL TURBINE REVISION QUESTIONS

QUESTION 2

Consider one stage of a multi-stage axial-flow turbine which has the following operating
conditions;

• Degree of reaction Rt = 0.0


• Blade speed U = 80 m s
• Rotor-blade inlet angle β 2 = 45o
• Stage inlet stagnation temperature T01 = 878 K
• Stage outlet stagnation temperature T03 = 869 K
• A stage isentropic efficiency η st = 1.0
• Constant axial velocity;
• γ = 1.311, c p = 1209 J/kg.K

For this stage, calculate the stage pressure ratio ( p03 p01 ) and the NGV inlet and outlet
angles ( α1 and α 2 ). Accompany your calculations with a labelled drawing of the rotor-blade
velocity diagram.

Draw a h-s graph which clearly illustrates the different variations in fluid properties through
a 0% reaction axial turbine and a pure impulse axial turbine. Clearly indicate all relevant
constant static pressure lines. When are the flow conditions through the two types of
turbine identical?

Answers
[ p03 p01 = 0.957 ] , α1 = 10o , α 2 = 65.3o 

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ME4528 AXIAL TURBINE REVISION QUESTIONS

QUESTION 3

Tests are carried out on a single-stage axial-flow turbine during which the following data is
collected;

• Degree of reaction Rt = 0.5


• Inlet stagnation temperature T01 = 427 K
• outlet stagnation temperature T03 = 393 K
• Blade speed U = 120 m s
• Constant axial velocity cz = 100 m s
• γ = 1.4, cp = 1005 J/kg.K

Calculate the specific work output of the stage, the blade inlet and outlet angles ( β 2 ) and
( β3 ) , and the NGV outlet angle (α 2 ) . Accompany your calculations with a labelled sketch
of the rotor blade velocity diagram.

Draw a h-s diagram for an axial-flow turbine with a degree of reaction equal to 1.0. Clearly
indicate all relevant constant pressure lines and do not assume isentropic flow. Now make a
labelled sketch of the rotor blade velocity diagram, complete with an indication of what the
NGV and rotor blade shapes may look like. Assume constant axial velocity.

Answers
 β 2 = 39.5o β 3 = 63.7 o = α 2 

End of Revision Questions.

Page 3 of 3

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