Addis Ababa Institute of Technology (AAiT), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

CENG 6606: GROUNDWATER HYDRAULICS, Practice exercise 2

1. A 1m diameter well penetrates vertically through a confined aquifer 30 m thick. When the well is
pumped at 113 m3/hr, the drawdown in a well 15 m away is 1.8 m; in another well 50 m away, it is 0.5
m. what is the approximate head in the pumping well for steady state conditions and what is the
approximate drawdown in the well? Also compute the Transmissivity of the aquifer and the radius of
influence. Take the initial piezometric level as 40 m above the datum.
2. A well 0.5 m in diameter penetrates 33 m below the static water table. After a long period of pumping at
a rate of 80 m3/hr, the drawdown in the wells at 18 and 45 m from the pumped well were found to be 1.8
and 1.1 m, respectively.
a. What is the approximate drawdown in the pumped well?
b. Determine the radius of influence of the pumping well
3. A well penetrating a confined aquifer is pumped at a uniform rate of 6807 m3/day. Drawdown during the
pumping test are measured in the pumping well of 0.127m radius is listed below.
a. Using Theis method determine T and S for this confined aquifer.
b. Rework (a) using Cooper Jacob method
c. Determine the transmissivity from the residual drawdown analysis

t (min) s (m) t (min) s (m) t (min) s (m) t (min) s (m) t (min) s (m) t (min) s (m)
0 0 70 79.91 960 83.42 2400 84.45 3780 83.87 4336 14.3
1 41.02 80 80.12 1020 83.47 2460 84.45 3840 84.06 4338 14.1
2 56.37 90 80.62 1080 83.82 2520 84.46 3900 84.14 4340 14
3 64.97 100 80.74 1140 83.87 2580 84.46 3960 84.29 4345 13.6
4 69.27 120 80.87 1200 84.07 2640 84.47 4020 84.42 4350 13.2
5 71.82 140 81.14 1260 84.16 2700 84.47 4080 84.44 4355 13
6 73.42 160 81.41 1320 84.34 2760 84.47 4140 84.47 4360 12.9
7 74.87 180 81.69 1440 84.38 2820 84.48 4200 84.65 4365 12.7
8 75.19 210 81.92 1500 84.4 2880 84.49 4260 84.47 4370 12.6
9 75.72 240 81.95 1560 84.42 2940 84.49 4320 84.5 4380 12.4
10 76.37 270 81.98 1620 84.42 3000 84.35 4320 84.5 4390 12.1
12 76.89 300 82 1680 84.42 3060 84.41 4321 42.7 4400 12
14 77.27 330 82.14 1740 84.43 3120 84.42 4322 24.8 4410 11.8
16 77.77 360 82.16 1800 84.43 3180 84.44 4323 19.6 4420 11.8
18 77.87 420 82.16 1860 84.43 3240 84.4 4324 18.3 4440 11.7
20 78.07 480 82.17 1920 84.43 3300 84.31 4325 17.4
25 78.42 540 82.37 1980 84.44 3360 84.33 4326 16.7
30 78.77 600 82.56 2040 84.44 3420 84.26 4327 16.3
35 79.07 660 82.59 2100 84.44 3480 84.18 4328 15.9
40 79.29 720 83.07 2160 84.44 3540 84.21 4329 15.7
45 79.39 780 83.47 2220 84.45 3600 84.15 4330 15.5
50 79.69 840 83.42 2280 84.45 3660 84.09 4332 14.8
60 79.87 900 83.27 2340 84.45 3720 84.01 4334 14.6

4. A pumping test was done to determine the aquifer characteristics of a certain site. The observed
drawdown, after 1 day of pumping at three observation wells, was as shown in the Table below. The
well yield was 100 liter per second.
1
 Distance (m) 10 20 40

Drawdown (m) 4 3 2

a. Estimate the Transmissivity and Storativity of the aquifer.

b. What would be the well efficiency, if the pumping well diameter is 20 cm and the drawdown
observed after 1 day is 11 meter?
5. A 0.5 m diameter well (200m from a river) is pumping at an unknown rate from a confined aquifer (see
the figure below). The aquifer properties are T = 432 m2/day and S = 0.0004. After 8 hours of pumping,
the drawdown in the observation well (60 m from the fault) is 8 m. Compute the rate of pumping and the
drawdown in the pumped well. What is the effect of the River on drawdown in the observation and
pumping well?

140 m 60 m

Pumped Observation River

Well Well

6. Compare the four cases that are depicted below where a 1 m diameter well fully/partially penetrates
vertically through a confined aquifer whose thickness is 28 m. Comment on their relative efficiencies by
evaluating the specific capacity for each case.

7. The following curve is from a pumping test where a well was pumped at a rate of 12.5 liters per second.
Drawdown as shown below was measured in an observation well 75 m away from the pumping well.
The geologist’s log of the well is: 0-7 m: Clayey soil; 7-23.5 m: Fractured Dolomite; 23.5-55 m:
Dense Shale; 55-66 m: Sandstone; and66-67 m: Shale, limey. A steel well casing was grouted to a depth
of 55 m and the well was extended as an open boring past that point. Assume the well is fully
penetrating and no external leakage is occurring.

2
 t, LOG(Time (min))
0 1 2 3 4
0

Drawdowm, s (m)
0.2 s = 0.390t + 0.011
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2

a) Is the aquifer confined or unconfined? (Give reason/s)

b) Determine the Storativity, Storage coefficient, Transmissivity and Hydraulic conductivity of the
aquifer.
8. A pump test (PW1) with discharge capacity of 45 lit/s is conducted in a confined aquifer to estimate the
rate of pumping of a pumping well (PW2) (Figure below). The log time (t) vs. draw down (s) obtained at
the location of the observation well (OW) is approximated by s = log (t ) − 2.05 where t is in seconds and
s is in meters. Determine the Pumping rate from PW2. The storativity and transmissivity of the aquifer is
0.02 m2/s and 0.004, respectively.

40 m
PW1 20 m

OW PW2

10. Groundwater is pumped from a confined aquifer. The pumping discharge is 314.2 m3/day. The
saturated depth of the aquifer is 50 m; the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer equals 10 m/day and
the storage coefficient of the aquifer is 0.0001. A river (R) is located at a distance of 70.8 m of the
pumping station, and the midpoint of a nature reserve (NR) is located at a distance of 500 m from the
pumping well.
a. Determine the lowering of the hydraulic head as a function of time in the midpoint of the nature
reserve given the setup shown below.
b. What would be the drawdown variation, if there is a fault (impermeable geologic medium) at the
location of the river?
c. What do you observe from the results of the above questions?

NR
R
i 500 m 300 m
v
e P. Well
r 70.8 m

9. A step drawdown test was carried out on a pumping well and the relation between the discharge Q (in
m3/day) the corresponding specific capacity (Sc) could be approximated by

3
 10 6
Sc = . What is the well’s efficiency?
800 + 2Q
10. The step draw-down test carried out in a pumping well has resulted in a relation given by: s/Q = 3 +
0.005Q; where s is the drawdown in meters and Q is the well yield. Determine the well’s efficiency.
11. Suppose that from a step test we have determined the value of Specific capacity = 320 m3/d/m of
drawdown. And the static water level (SWL) in the borehole lies at 5 m below ground level (m bgl), and
we want at least 2 m of water in the hole above the pump during operation for safety reasons (you should
never pump dry!). If the client insists on a yield of 2000 m3/d. Decide on the length of the rising main to
use.
12. A pumping test was done to determine the aquifer characteristics of a certain site. The observed
drawdown, after 1 day of pumping at three observation wells that are placed at different distance from
the pumping well, was as shown in the Table below. The discharge observed was 100 liter per second.
Distance 1 10 100

Drawdown 4 3 2

a. Estimate the Transmissivity and Storativity of the aquifer. (10 %)

b. What would be the well efficiency, if the pumping well diameter is 20 cm and the drawdown
observed after 1 day is 11 meter? What is your recommendation on the well? (10 %)
13. A pump test (on PW1) with discharge capacity of 45 lit/s is conducted in a confined aquifer to estimate
the rate of pumping in PW2 well (Figure below). The log time (t) vs. draw down (s) obtained at the
location of the observation well (OW) is found to be 0.5 m. Determine the Pumping rate from PW2. The
storativity and transmissivity of the aquifer are 0.02 m2/s and 0.004, respectively. (25%)

River
40.4 m
49 m
120o
PW1 90o
40 m
20 m
OW PW2