ETHIOPIAN WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

AUTHORITY (EWCA)

EWCA Target Organisation

1st January 2020

prepared by:
Jens DEBUS
Senior Advisor Human Resources & Organisational Development

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

8th November 2018

With support of: implemented by :

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 3

2 METHODOLOGY................................................................................................. 4

3 OBSERVATIONS ON EWCA’S DRAFT PROPOSAL......................................... 5

3.1 Direct Reports to the General Director .................................................................... 5

3.2 Direct Reports to the Deputy General Director ....................................................... 5

3.3 Wildlife Training Center ............................................................................................ 5

3.4 Internal Audit ............................................................................................................ 5

3.5 Assistance................................................................................................................. 5

3.6 Core Directorates...................................................................................................... 5

3.7 Support Functions Directorates .............................................................................. 5

3.8 Protected Areas Strategy Directorate...................................................................... 5

3.09 Ecosystem Conservation Directorate...................................................................... 6

3.10 Climate Resilience Green Economy (CRGE)........................................................... 6

3.11 Community Partnership Directorate ........................................................................ 6

3.12 Wildlife Business Directorate .................................................................................. 6

3.13 Law Enforcement Directorate .................................................................................. 6

3.14 Finance Directorate .................................................................................................. 7

3.15 IT Directorate ............................................................................................................ 7

3.16 Human Resources Directorate................................................................................. 7

3.17 General Services Directorate ................................................................................... 7

3.18 Protected Areas ........................................................................................................ 7

4 REQUIRED PROFILES ....................................................................................... 7

5 COMMENTS FROM THE CONSOLIDATION & VALIDATION WORKSHOP ..... 9

6 EWCA TARGET ORGANISATION.................................................................... 14

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1 INTRODUCTION

Following a detailed status quo analysis of EWCA’s current organisational structure as of 1 January
2018 and the elaboration of the Personnel Report 2018 in February 2018, EWCA has undertaken several
workshops with the support of the GIZ Biodiversity and Forestry Programme, an international advisor
on Human Resources and Organisational Development as well as partially an international protected
area expert in order to define EWCA’s target organisation as of 1st January 2020.

In April 2018, a workshop with a

mixed group of approximately 20
participants have identified the needs
for a potential target organisation of a
EWCA National Park. Furthermore,
criteria have been identified in order
to apply the NP target organisation to
all 13 EWCA National Parks.

The first support function, the Human Resources Directorate, has been reviewed in early May 2018 in
order to establish an HR target organisation.

During two session in Adama in August, both the core Directorates as well as the Advisory Functions
and the remaining Support Directorates have been discussed among a multidisciplinary team of senior
EWCA staff.

In October 2018, a Consolidation Workshop was held in Debre Zayit with the participation of more than
60 EWCA staff and representatives from different Regions as well as different partner organisations.
The aim of this Consolidation Workshop was to exchange and align among the different future
Directorates and the Corporate Services.

This report contains the complete structures of EWCA’s potential target organisation to be implemented
lasted by 1st January 2020 all across all EWCA sites, subject to approval by all relevant stakeholders,
including the respective Ministry of Culture & Tourism as well as the Ministry of Civil Services.

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2 Methodology

With the ambition to turn EWCA into an effective and efficient public institution and to focus EWCA’s
main activities on protected area park management, the following recommandations deriving from
international standards in organisational development have been taken into consideration:

❑ Respect and categorise the major 4 areas of an organisational structure (lead – manage – advise
– assist)
❑ 6 to 8 direct reports (maximum 10) per line manager.
❑ Each employee has only one line manager with a hierarchical reporting line.
❑ Employees can also have a functional reporting line to a manager specialised in the same field
of work.
❑ Establishment of a matrix organisation instead of the current hierarchical organisation.
❑ Ensure a corresponding organisational structure both at EWCA Headquarters and at EWCA
National Park / Sanctuary level with clear hierarchical and functional reporting lines.
❑ Balance the ratio of administrative versus technical/operational staff in order to reflect EWCA’s
mission to focus on protected area management.
❑ Keep position titles and structures short, clear and simple.
❑ Avoid overlapping responsibilities and tasks among different posts.
❑ Fill existing competency gaps.
❑ Establish and communicate precise and clear job descriptions to all job holders.
❑ An organisational chart does NOT show the grade of a position but only the hierarchical
relationship between superior and subordinate.

Colour code for the organisational charts:

= Member of the Management Team (example: EWCA General

Management Team, Ecosystem Conservation Directorate Team etc.)

= Position is only filled by one employee.

= Position is filled by one or more employees.

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3 Observations on EWCA’s Draft Proposal
3.1 Direct Reports to the General Director
The number of direct reports to the General Director will be reduced from 20 to 10 in order to allow a
more effective and efficient leadership style within EWCA.

3.2 Direct Reports to the Deputy General Director

EWCA has introduced the role of a Deputy General Director. All Support Directorates will report
directly to the Deputy General Director. The Deputy General Director will represent all Support
Directorates during the regular EWCA General Management Meetings.

3.3 Wildlife Training Center

EWCA is considering the establishment of a Wildlife Training Center which would accommodate all
training activities both internally for EWCA employees and externally for all relevant stakeholders. A
final decision still needs to be taken. The Wildlife Training Center would report directly to the Deputy
General Director.

3.4 Internal Audit

The Internal Audit Function is directly accountable into the Ministry of Finance. This reporting line
should still be validated by all concerned stakeholders in order to reflect a correct organisational
structure at EWCA level.

3.5 Assistance
Every Directorate will have its own Assistance with one incumbent. In addition, a Messenger post might
be allocated to those Directorates with the respective need for it.

All 3 Advisory Functions will share one Assistance.

The General Director may have an Assistance with more than 1 employees. It will also include the
personal driver allocated to the General Director.

3.6 Core Directorates

The number of Core Directorates has been reduced from 6 to 5.

3.7 Support Functions Directorates

The number of Support Functions Directorates has been increased from 3 to 4. However, it is envisaged
to integrate the new Directorate of General Services at a later stage into own of the existing Support
Functions Directorates.

A split of the current Directorate for Finance, Procurement & Property Administration has been foreseen
in order to balance the number of headcounts per Directorate and in order to professionalise both
Directorates.

3.8 Protected Areas Strategy Directorate

The newly created Protected Areas Strategy Directorate will ensure the envisaged introduction of a
Matrix Organisation for EWCA. All Protected Area Wardens will report hierarchically into the
Protected Area Directorate.

In addition to this hierarchical line for all Wardens, all Managers in the Protected Areas will have a clear
functional reporting line into their respective Directorates (e.g. Law Enforcement Manager in Bale
Mountains will report functionally into the Law Enforcement Director at EWCA Headquarters).
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The previous NP & Sanctuaries Coordination and the Wildlife Development & Protection Directorate
have been integrated into this new Directorate.

Furthermore, it is strongly recommended to merge all planning, monitoring and evaluation activities at
EWCA. The new Directorate will accommodate all EWCA and PA planning, monitoring and evaluation
activities under one department. This will allow consistent planning data all across EWCA.

It has furthermore been recommended that the position of a Civil Engineer in the Directorate of Finance
& Procurement will also have a clear functional reporting line into the Directorate of Protected Areas in
order to ensure consistent and clearly aligned activities linked to all infrastructure measures for EWCA
across all Protected Areas.

3.09 Ecosystem Conservation Directorate

It has been recommended to follow the process oriented approach of structuring this Directorate, which
means that a team of experts will focus on Monitoring and a second team on Conservation Management
responsibilities and tasks.

The Research team will retrieve data both at EWCA internal level through the Monitoring and
Conservation Management team as well as at external level from the relevant institutes/universities and
other stakeholders.

3.10 Climate Resilience Green Economy (CRGE)

The Ethiopian Government intents to put a strong effort the establishment of a Directorate for CRGE.
This Directorate should work very closely with the Ecosystem Conservation Directorate and hence be
integrated in one.

Should at a later stage the need arise to create an independent Directorate, a reorganizational step could
be undertaken. Meanwhile, it would also be possible to name the new Directorate “CRGE & Ecosystem
Conservation Directorate”.

3.11 Community Partnership Directorate

In view of the wider impact of Gender Affairs in connection with the Community Partnership, it is
proposed to integrate the Gender Affairs Advisor into the Community Partnership Directorate. Gender
Affairs do cover, however, also aspects within the own EWCA organisation. A potential move of the
Gender Affairs Advisor to the Human Resources Directorate might therefore be envisaged at a later
stage.

3.12 Wildlife Business Directorate

With the envisaged strengthening of PPP (Public Private Partnership) in Ethiopia, EWCA proposes to
introduce a corresponding PPP Department within the Wildlife Business Directorate. In case, this
proposed denomination is not to be considered adequate at this stage, EWCA proposes an alternative
denomination: Private Investment Engagement.

3.13 Law Enforcement Directorate

56% of all EWCA staff are assigned to law enforcement roles. However, EWCA does not have a
corresponding Law Enforcement Directorate at Headquarters level. It is envisaged to set up a strong and
consistent leadership on law enforcement activities across all EWCA Protected Areas.

This newly introduced Directorate will also incorporate the existing activities covered under the current
Wildlife Trafficking Control Directorate.

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3.14 Finance Directorate
Following the financial circuit, 3 departments have been proposed in order to establish a clear and
efficient financial organisation: Budget – Treasury – Accounting, whereby the Treasury department will
be responsible for both banking and cash transactions.

3.15 IT Directorate
EWCA aims to undertake strong efforts towards digitalisation of this organisation. In this respect, it is
absolutely necessary to enhance the IT Directorate. It is clearly understood that the use of Information
Technology needs to be systematically introduced across all 13 Protected Areas.

The IT Directorate will be set up with 3 departments, focussing each on infrastructure and network
(hardware), system development (software) and IT support for all EWCA users. Data security and data
protection will furthermore require more attention.

3.16 Human Resources Directorate

The current Advisory Function of Good Governance & Change Management will be incorporated into
the newly created Organisational Development Department.

The newly created role of an HR Business Partner (for all Headquarters employees) will be similar to
the HR Business Partner role created for each of the 13 Protected Area structures.

The HRIS Expert (Human Resources Information System) will work very closely with the Ministry of
Civil Services

The current responsibility and tasks for administration records will be transferred to the Directorate of
General Services.

3.17 General Services Directorate

It has been proposed to create a separate Directorate for General Services in order to balance the number
of employees per Directorate and in order to professionalise this newly created Directorate.

In addition, the General Services Directorate will also head the Procurement department.

3.18 Protected Areas

EWCA has the mandate to manage 11 National Parks and 2 National Sanctuaries. EWCA envisages to
create 4 regions: North – South – West – East in order to cluster all 13 Protected Areas.

4 Required Profiles
EWCA envisages to enhance the quality of its services provided by ensuring an optimum mixture of
educational backgrounds of it’s staff:

Organisational Structure Profiles

Advisory Functions • Attorney
• Accounting
• Economist
• Business Management
• Communication Expert
• Audio-Visio Expert
• Librarian
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 • Radio Technician
Protected Area Directorate • Economist
• Ecologist
• Natural Resources Management
• Environmental Economist
• Development Planner
• Civil Engineer
Ecosystem Conservation Directorate • Veterinarian
• Botanist
• Zoologist
• Ornithologist
• Herepthologist
• Ichthyologist
• Enthomologist
• Ecologist
• GIS Expertise
Community Partnership Directorate • Ecologist
• Natural Resources Management
• Economist
• Sociologist
• Rural Development Expert
• Wildlife Expert
• Antropologist
• Gender Affairs Expert
Wildlife Business Directorate • Wildlife Expert
• Tourism Expert
• Business Administration / Marketing
Law Enforcement Directorate • Army background
• Police background
• Ecologist
• Natural Resources Management
• Wildlife Expert
• Psychologist
• GIS / Database Expert
Finance & Procurement Directorate • Accountant
• Business Administration
• Purchasing & Supply Expert
IT Directorate • Computer Sciences
• Information Systems
• Information Technology
• Computer Engineering
• Software Engineering
Human Resources Directorate • HR Management
• Business Administration / Management
• Psychology
• Occupational Health Expert
General Services Directorate • Facility Management
• Driving Licence

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5 Comments from the Consolidation & Validation Workshop

Following the Consolidation & Validation Workshop, held in Debre Zayit on 8th and 9th October 2018,
the participants commented on the following topics:

Corporate Services:

• At which level will the Corporate Services (Advisory Functions) be organised?

o Directorate?
o Department?
o Section?
o Other?
• Will there be a leader for each Corporate Service?

Legal Affairs:

• Ethics should remain independent and report directly to the Director General under the
regulation no. 144/2008 Art. 3 and 6/1, unless this law could be amended.
• Ethics should not report to EWCA as it is an independent unit, establishd by the Government
and accountable to the Anti-corruption and Ethics Comm.
• Ethics could move to the HR Directorate.
• The Ethics Officer should remain as one permanent position and not be an additional
responsibility assigned to a given position in EWCA.
• Ethics should report the Legal Affairs.
• Proposed new name: Legal Affairs and Ethics Directorate

Internal Audit:

• Internal Audit should report to the Ministry of Finance.

• Internal Audit should report to the General Director of EWCA.
• Internal Audit should have a shared reporting line to the Ministry of Finance and the General
Director of EWCA.
• The post “Internal Auditor” should be split into:
o Financial Auditor
o Performance Auditor
Remark: Once the job description(s) have been established, it will be clearer whether 1 or 2
separate posts are required.

Communications:

• The post of the “Radio Operator” should move to the Law Enforcement Directorate.
• The Librarian and the Database should be linked to the IT Directorate.
• No need to distinguish between internal and external communication as per Government
Communication act.
• The IT Directorate and the Communication Directorate should merge into one Directorate.

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Protected Area Directorate:

• Shouldn’t EWCA create a “Disaster & Risk Management Unit”?

• Name proposals for the Directorate:
o PA Management Directorate
o PA Directorate
o PA Coordination Directorate
o PA Strategy Directorate
o PA Services Directorate
o Strategy Directorate
• Option 1: (as proposed)
o Split the 13 Protected Areas into 4 or 5 geographical regions.
o Planning & Evaluation should cover all planning aspects of all Directorates but
remain under PA Directorate.
• Option 2: Organisation, Policy, Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation Directorate
o Planning should be organised independently.
o An independent Directorate reporting to the Deputy General Director should be
established.
• Option 3: Same as Option 1 but with EWCA branches in the Regions
o International Partnership Liaison Officer should be maintained as an Advisory
Function.
o Create 4 zones/regions not 5.
o Proposed 4 regions:
▪ North: Kafta, Simien, Alatish
▪ South West: Nech Sar, Omo, Gambela
▪ South East: Bale, Abjata, Senkelle, Geralle
▪ East: Awash, Yangudi Rasa, Babile

Ecosystem Directorate:

• Census and quota setting should remain unter Wildlife Business Directorate.
• Monitoring & Census should cover all Protected Areas and not just the hunting areas.
• Where to put the “Fire Control Line Unit”?
• Position “Monitoring & Census Expert” should be named “Monitoring Expert”.
• Monitoring and Research sould be merged into one post.
• CRGE has a crosscutting role and should therefore go to the Planning Department.

Community Partnership Directorate:

• Gender Affairs should remain as an indepentent Directorate.

• Gender Affairs should include an additional post “Gender Expert”.
• A “Problematic Wildlife Animal Controlling Unit” should be created.
• Is participation ignored?
• Gender Affairs should also be covered in HR.
• Community (family planning) & Empowerment should be taken care of by Gender Affairs.
• Awareness Creation: Conservation Education in Protected Areas and in buffer zones.
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 • Capacity Building should be included.
• Clarify the Gender Affairs role.

Wildlife Business Directorate:

• Name proposals for the Directorate:

o Wildlife Business & Tourism Development Directorate
o Wildlife Tourism Development Directorate
o Tourism Directorate
o Protected Area Business Development
• Census & Quota to be included under PPP.
• PPP should be broadened in order to include other developments like joint managements,
tourism infrastructures etc.
• Business Development Expert instead of Permit Expert or Concession Expert.

Law Enforcement Directorate:

• Ensure connection with Regions and this Directorates.

• Re-phrase “Intelligence Network” with « Information Network”.
• PA Law Enforcement is too narrow as EWCA is also responsible for law enforcement outside
the Protected Areas.
• Include an additional unit “Legal Services” to remove Legal Affairs from the Corporate
Services.
• Name proposal: Wildlife Law Enforcement.
• Wildlife / Products should be called “Wildlife Products” since it encompasses both.
• Ranger Management Expert and Instructor should be merged into 1 post “Law Enforcement
Expert”.

Finances:

• Civil Engineer should report to PA Directorate.

• Property Management should be managed as a team.
• Name proposal: Finances, Procurement & Property Management.
• No need to have a Finance Record Agent. This job could be covered by the accountants.
• Construction Architect should report to PA Directorate.
• Procurement should report to General Services.
• Add a “Grand (financial projects) Management Expert”.

IT:

• Name proposal:
o ICT
• IT support should also cover technical support.
• Data management and website design should be covered under this Directorate.

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 HR:

• Name proposal:
o Training and Knowledge Mangement
• Recruitment, Transfers, Promotions etc. should be covered under the HR Business
Partner.
• Change HR Business Partner to “Personnel Manager”.
• Need to clarify the link between Performance, Personnel Development and subsequent
Trainings.
• Payroll Expert should remain under Finance.
• “Employee Monitoring Expert” instead of “Payroll Expert”.
• Change and Good Governance Directorate should remain independent.

General Services:

• Procurement to be included under General Services.

• Messengers should be included unter Office Services.
• Change “Copy Services” to “Documentation Services”.
• Potential next step: Creation of a Central Workshop Team to be deployed to the Protected
Areas.

13 Protected Areas:

• “General Maintenance” to be changed to “Infrastructure Services”.

• Community Partnership Manager should form and work with Wildlife Clubs.
• Some of the Manager positions in the Protected Areas can in the future run some of the lower
level activites.
• Separate Finances from Procurement.
• Storekeeper should report to General Services.
• “Law Enforcement Manager “ to be called “Chief Ranger”.
• Some Rangers could get an additional responsility: “Monitoring / resource management” to
provide data to the Ecosystem team.
• Context of Simien Mountains National Park:
o Deputy Warden
o Gender Affairs Expert
o Tourism Manager
o Marketing Expert
o Information Expert
o Tourism Development Manager
o Librarian
o Lawyer
o Intelligence Expert
o Purchasing Expert
o Record Expert
o Assistance for the Administration
o Gardener
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• The following positions should be added in general to all Protected Areas:
o Planner / Planning & Monitoring Expert, reporting to the Administration Manager
o Administration Manager
o Accountant
o Purchaser
o Finance Record Agent
o Attorney
o Law Enforcement
o Human Wildlife Conflict Expert
o Community Benefits Expert
o Tourism Information Expert
o Store Control and Registration Expert
o GIS Expert
o Gardener
o Information Center Officer
o Internal Auditor
o Special Surveillance Ranger to report to the Law Enforcement Manager.
• The number of the Fee Collectors will depend on the Protected Area.
• More than 1 Ecosystem Monitoring Expert
• Knowledge Management under Training & Development.
• Monitoring & Research should be merged.
• Radio Operator should report directly to the Warden.
• Tourism Manger not Tourism Expert.
• The Community Ranger (Liaison Agent) should report to the Law Enforcement Manager and
not to the Community Partnership Manager.

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6 EWCA Target Organisation

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 Environment, Forestry and Climate Change Commisssion
EWCA General Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
1st January 2020

EWCA
Director General

Communications Assistance

Legal Affairs

Internal Audit

Planning and Evaluation

Ethics

Deputy Director
General

Ecosystem Community
PA Strategy Wildlife Business Law Enforcement Finance IT HR General Services
Conservation Partnership
Directorate Directorate Directorate Directorate Directorate Directorate Directorate
Directorate Directorate

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 EWCA General Directorate
Advisory
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
1st January 2020 EWCA
Director General

Communications Legal Affairs Internal Audit Planning & Evaluation Ethics

Assistance* Assistance* Assistance* Assistance*

External Communication
Attorney Internal Auditor EWCA Planning Expert
Expert

Internal Communication
PA Planning Expert
Expert

Librarian

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* shared Assistance
 EWCA General Directorate
PA Strategy Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia PA Strategy
1st January 2020 Directorate

International Partnership
Assistance
Liaison

Protected Area
Region North Region West Region East Region South
Development

Protected Area
Alatish NP Warden Abjiata NP Warden Awash NP Warden Geralle NP Warden
Development Expert

Kafta Shiraro NP Bale Mountains NP Yangudi Rasa NP Infrastructure &

Nech Sar NP Warden
Warden Warden Warden Construction

Simien Mountains NP Babile Elephant

Gambela NP Warden Omo NP Warden
Warden Sanctuary Warden

Senkelle Swayne’s Hb
Sanctuary Warden

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 EWCA General Directorate
Ecosystem Conservation Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Ecosystem Conservation
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Conservation
Monitoring & Census Wildlife Research Climate Change
Management

Monitoring & Census Conservation

Wildlife Research Expert Climate Change Expert
Expert Management Expert

Veterinary Expert

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 EWCA General Directorate
Community Partnership Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Community Partnership
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Women, Youth and Child

Awareness Creation Community Benefits Human Wildlife Conflicts
Affairs

Women Youth the Child Awareness Creation Benefits Development Conflicts Management
Affairs Expert Instructor Expert Expert

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EWCA General Directorate
Wildlife Business Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Wildlife Business
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Business Development Wildlife Tourism Marketing Expert

Tourism Development
Permit Expert
Expert

Concession Expert

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EWCA General Directorate
Wildlfie Law Enforcement Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Wildlife Law Enforcement
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Wildlife Intelligence
PA Law Enforcement Trafficking Control Radio Operator
Network

Ranger Management Wildlife Trafficking Wildlife Intelligence

Expert Control Expert Expert

Law Enforcement Confiscated Wildlife /

Instructor Product Expert

Sniffer Dogs Expert (Bole

Airport)

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EWCA Deputy General Directorate
Finance Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Finance Directorate
1st January 2020

Assistance

Budget Treasury Accounting

Budget Expert Cashier Accountant

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EWCA Deputy General Directorate
IT Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia IT
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Network Administration System Development IT Support

System Administrator IT Support Expert

Application Developer

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EWCA Deputy General Directorate
Human Resources Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Human Resources
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Change Management &

HR Services HR Management Organisational Social Affairs Expert
Development Expert

HRIS Expert HR Expert

Payroll Expert Training Expert

HR Archives

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 EWCA Deputy General Directorate
General Services Directorate
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia General Services
1st January 2020 Directorate

Assistance

Procurement and
Office Services Transportation Services Security Services Cleaning Services
Property management

General Maintenance Driver - Mechanic Security Guard Cleaner Procurement Expert

Property Management
Documentation Services
Expert

Archives Storekeeper

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 Protected Areas Strategy Directorate
(Site) Protected Area (Site) Warden
City, Ethiopia
1st January 2020

Assistance

Ecosystem Conservation Community Partnership Tourism Law Enforcement Administration

Manager Manager Expert Manager Manager

Community Partnership
Monitoring Expert Radio Operator Finance Expert
Expert

Cashier
Ecosystem Conservation
Community Liaison Agent Head Ranger
Expert
Fee Collector

Ranger HR Expert

General Services
Manager

Infrastructure Services
Expert

Storekeeper

Driver

Security Guard
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Cleaner