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Data Sufficiency: (2 Questions)

Question 1:
Tomatoes are sold for 4 consecutive months at the prices of Rs. 40/kg, Rs.
50/kg, Rs. 30/kg and Rs. 25/kg respectively. How many kg of tomatoes does
Priyam buy in 3rd month?

Statement I : The difference between the quantities of tomatoes between

the months in which he bought the second highest and second lowest
quantity is 20 kg.

Statement II : He spends the same amount each month on tomatoes.

Statement III : He bought a combined quantity of 284 kg in all four months.

(A.) Statements I and II together are sufficient, but no other pair is sufficient.
(B.) Statements II and III together are sufficient, but no other pair is
sufficient.
(C.) Statements III and I together are sufficient, but no other pair is sufficient.
(D.) Either statements I and II together are sufficient or statements I and III
together are sufficient.
(E.) None of these

Level: Moderate
Answer: E

Using statements I and II together:

Tomatoes (Quantity) → 1st : 2nd : 3rd : 4th

1/40 : 1/50 : 1/30 : 1/25

= 15 : 12 : 20 : 24

Quantity in the third month

(20 * 20)/(20 – 15) = 80 kg

So statements I and II together are sufficient to answer the question.

Using statements II and III together:

Tomatoes (Quantity) → 1st : 2nd : 3rd : 4th

1/40 : 1/50 : 1/30 : 1/25

= 15 : 12 : 20 : 24

Quantity in the third month

(284 * 20)/(15 + 12 + 20 + 24) = 80 kg

So statements II and III together are sufficient to answer the question.

Using statements I and III together:

Since we do not have either the ratio or individual quantities of tomatoes, the
answer cannot be determined.

So statements I and III together are not sufficient to answer the question.

Either statements I and II together are sufficient or statements II and III

together are sufficient.

So the answer = None of these

Hence, Option E is correct.

Question 2:
Which train is the slowest among A, B and C?
Statement I: The lengths of trains A, B and C are 5X, 4X and 5X respectively.
When trains A and B were travelling North and Train C travelling South, Train
C crosses trains A and B in 20 seconds and 25 seconds.
Statement II: The speeds of trains A, B and C are 21.60 km/hr, 72 km/hr and
108 km/hr but not necessarily in the same order.
Statement III: The combined speed of trains A and C is 50 m/s.
(A) Any two statements together are sufficient to answer the question.
(B) Statements I and II together are sufficient, but no other pair is
sufficient.
(C) Statements III and II together are sufficient, but no other pair is
sufficient.
(D) Either statements II and III together are sufficient or statements I and II
together are sufficient.
(E) Either statements I and III together are sufficient or statements II and
III together are sufficient.

Level: Moderate
Answer: D
Using Statement I alone:
Speeds → A + C : B + C = (5X + 5X)/20 : (4X + 5X)/25 = 25 : 18
So A is definitely faster than B.
Since we do not know the relation between A and C or B and C, Statement I
alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Using Statement II alone:
Speeds → 21.60 * 5/18 = 6 m/s, 72 * 5/18 = 20 m/s and 108 * 5/18 = 30 m/s
Since we do not know the order, Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer
the question.
Using Statement III alone:
Since only the combined speed of A and B are given, Statement III alone is not
sufficient to answer the question.
Using Statement I and II together:
Speeds → A + C : B + C = 25 : 18
Speeds → 6 m/s, 20 m/s and 30 m/s
Only possible case:
(A + C)/(B + C) = (20 + 30)/(6 + 30) = 25/36
So A = 20, B = 6 and C = 30
The slowest train is B.
So statements B and C together are sufficient to answer the question.
Using Statement II and III together:
Speeds → 6 m/s, 20 m/s and 30 m/s
Speeds → A + C = 50 m/s
Since 20 + 30 = 50 m/s
Speed of B = 6 m/s
The slowest train is B.
So statements B and C together are sufficient to answer the question.
Using Statement I and III together:
Speeds → A + C : B + C = 25 : 18
A + C = 50 m/s
B + C = 50 * 18/25 = 36 m/s
Now we cannot find out the slowest train.
So statements I and III together are not sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: Either statements II and III together are sufficient or statements I and
II together are sufficient.
Quantity Comparison (2 Questions)
Question 1:
Kousik, Anjali and Nikhil entered into a partnership business with investment
in the ratio 5 ꓽ 4 ꓽ 6. After one year Kousik doubled his investment. After one
more year, Anjali and Nikhil withdrew half of their investment. At the end of
the three years, they earned a certain amount of profit.

Quantity I : If the share of Anjali in the profit was Rs.40,000, find the total
profit earned by them.

Quantity II : If Kajol also had been a part of the business, with an investment
which was double the initial investment of Nikhil, her profit share would
have been Rs. 90,000 from a total profit of Rs. X at the end of three years.
What would have been the value of X?

Quantity III : If Kousik, Anjali and Nikhil did not make any change in the
initially invested amount for 3 years and at the end of the three years the
share of Kousik was Rs. 76,000, find the total profit earned by them.

(A) Quantity I > Quantity II > Quantity III

(B) Quantity I < Quantity II < Quantity III
(C) Quantity I = Quantity II > Quantity III
(D) Quantity I > Quantity II < Quantity III
(E) Quantity I < Quantity II > Quantity III

Level: Moderate
Answer: B
Quantity I :

Let, Kousik invested = 50

Anjali invested = 40

Nikhil invested = 60

At the end of the three years,

The profit of Kousik = 50 × 1 + 100 × 2 = 250

The profit of Anjali = 40 × 2 + 20 × 1 = 100

The profit of Nikhil = 60 × 2 + 30 × 1 = 150

Given that,

100 = Rs.40,000

1 = Rs.400

(250 + 100 + 150) = 500 × Rs.400 = Rs.2,00,000

Quantity I: 2,00,000

Quantity II :

Nikhil invested = 60

The investment of Kajol = 60 × 2 = 120

The profit of Kajol = 120 × 3 = 360

Given that,

360 = Rs. 90,000

1 = Rs. 250

(250 + 100 + 150 + 360) = Rs. 250 × 860 = Rs. 2,15,000

Quantity II: 2,15,000

Quantity III :

If Kousik, Anjali and Nikhil invested the same amount for 3 years

Their profit ratio would be = 5 ꓽ 4 ꓽ 6

Given that,
5 = Rs.76,000

1 = Rs.15200

(5 + 4 + 6) = 15 × Rs.15,200 = Rs.2,28,000

Quantity III: 2,28,000

Quantity < Quantity II < Quantity III

Hence, Option B is correct.

Question 2:
One day, train P started from Kolkata at 3.00 AM with a speed of 56 km/hour
and reached Patna while train Q started from Patna at 5.00 AM with a speed
of 48 km/hour and reached Kolkata. They met each other at 10 AM on the
same day.
Quantity I: Find the time taken (in hours) by train R with a speed of 79
km/hour to reach Patna from Kolkata.
Quantity II: After meeting, what is the distance (in km) between train P and
train Q in exactly 1 hour?
Quantity III: Train Q moved at the same speed for 13 hours, how much fewer
distances (in km) were covered by the train in those 13 hours than the
distance between Kolkata to Patna.
(A) Quantity I > Quantity II > Quantity III
(B) Quantity < Quantity II < Quantity III
(C) Quantity I < Quantity II = Quantity III
(D) Quantity I > Quantity II < Quantity III
(E) Quantity I = Quantity II = Quantity III
Level: Moderate
Answer: E
Quantity I:
Let the distance between Kolkata and Patna = D km
When train Q started from Patna, the distance between both trains = D – (2 *
56) = (D – 112) km
Given that,
(D – 112)/ (56 + 48) = 5
(D – 112) = 5 * 104 = 520
D = 520 + 112 = 632 km
The time taken by train R = 632/79 = 8 hours
Quantity I: 8
Quantity II:
The speed of train P = 56 km/hour and the speed of train Q = 48 km/hour
After meeting, in 1 hour, the distance between both trains = 56 – 48 = 8 km
Quantity II: 8
Quantity III:
The speed of train Q = 48 km/hour
In 14 hours, the train Q covered = 48 * 13 = 624 km
The required fewer distances = 632 – 624 = 8 km
Quantity III: 8
Quantity I = Quantity II = Quantity III
Hence, option E is correct.
CaseLet DI (3 Questions)
There are 6 different jobs of the same type―A, B, C, D, E and F. Murali,
Manohar and Joshi work on all six jobs. Their efficiencies change on different
jobs. Murali takes 2YZ, 4Z, 2XY, 10Z, 4X and 60 days to complete jobs A, B, C,
D, E and F respectively. Manohar takes 8Z, 4X, 2XY, 2XZ, 2X and 40 days to
complete jobs A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The difference between the
time taken by Murali and Joshi on jobs A, B, C, D, E and F is 20, 40, 40, 0, 16
and 30 days respectively. The efficiency of Manohar with respect to Joshi on
jobs A, B, C, D, E and F is 25%, 150%, 166.667%, 50%, 120% and 75%
respectively.
(Given: Every time they work on each job with the same efficiency as they
work this time.)

Common explanation:
Joshi takes to complete Job E = 2X * 120/100 = 2.40X days
4X – 2.40X = 16
X = 10
Joshi takes to complete Job C = 2XY * 166.667/100 = 2 * 10 * Y * 5/3 = 100Y/3
100Y/3 – 2 * 10 * Y = 40
Y=3
Joshi takes to complete Job A = 8Z * 25/100 = 2Z
2YZ – 2Z = 20
6Z – 2Z = 20
Z=5

Murali Manohar Joshi

A 2YZ = 30 8Z = 40 40 * 1/4 = 10
B 4Z = 20 4X = 40 40 * 3/2 = 60
C 2XY = 60 2XY = 60 60 * 5/3 = 100
D 10Z = 50 2XZ = 100 100 * 1/2 = 50
E 4X = 40 2X = 20 20 * 6/5 = 24
F 60 40 40 * 3/4 = 30
 Murali Manohar Joshi
A 30 40 10
B 20 40 60
C 60 60 100
D 50 100 50
E 40 20 24
F 60 40 30

Q1: If the quantity of Work A is 6/5 times the quantity of Work E, what is the
ratio of the efficiency of Murali on Work A to the efficiency of Joshi on Work
E?
(A) 5 : 4
(B) 4 : 5
(C) 24 : 25
(D) 25 : 24
(E) None of these
Level: Moderate
Answer: C
From the common explanation,
6/30 : 5/24 = 24 : 25

Q2: What is the difference between the time taken by Murali and Manohar
together to complete Job C to the time taken by Murali and Joshi to complete
Job B?
(a) 5 days
(b) 7.50 days
(c) 10 days
(d) 12.50 days
(e) None of these
Level: Moderate
Answer: E
From the common explanation,
Job C (Murali and Manohar) = (60 * 60)/(60 + 60) = 30
Job B (Murali and Joshi) = (20 * 60)/(20 + 60) = 15
Reqd. time = 15 days
So the answer = None of these

Q3: If each one of them works on all six jobs one by one, who will complete
all six jobs in the least time and how much time will he take?
(A) Murali in 240 days
(B) Murali in 260 days
(C) Manohar in 300 days
(D) Joshi in 240 days
(E) None of these
Level: Moderate
Answer: B
From the common explanation,
Murali Manohar Joshi
A 30 40 10
B 20 40 60
C 60 60 100
D 50 100 50
E 40 20 24
F 60 40 30
Total time 260 300 274

So the answer = Murali in 260 days

MultiChart DI (3 Questions)
The radar graph given below shows the number (in thousands) of bats
manufactured by five different companies―A, B, C, D and E―during 2016 and
2020.
A
12
10
8
6
E 4 B
2
2016
0
2020

D C

The bar graph given below shows the percentage change in the number of
bats manufactured by each company over the previous year.

% change in 2017 over 2016 % change in 2018 over 2017

% change in 2019 over 2018 % change in 2020 over 2019
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5 A B C D E

-10
-15
-20
-25

Common explanation:
 2016 2020
A 8000 12000
B 5000 9000
C 6000 10000
D 4000 6000
E 5000 8000

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

A 8000 8000 * 1.2 = 9600 12000/0.80 = 15000 12000
B 5000 5000 * 1.2 = 6000 9000/0.9 = 10000 9000
C 6000 6000 * 0.85 = 5100 10000
D 4000 4000 * 1.2 = 4800 6000
E 5000 5000 * 0.90 = 4500 4500 * 1.2 = 5400 8000

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

A 8000 9600 15000 12000
B 5000 6000 10000 9000
C 6000 5100 10000
D 4000 4800 6000
E 5000 4500 5400 8000

Q1: In Company B, the percentage increase in the number of bats

manufactured in 2018 over the previous year is 3x% and the percentage
increase in the number of bats manufactured in 2019 over the previous year
is 4x%. In Company A, if the percentage increase in the number of bats in
2019 over the previous year is 6x%, what is the percentage change in the
number of bats manufactured bats in 2018 over the previous year?
(A) 3.33
(B) 4.17
(C) 5.55
(D) 5.58
(E) 5.88
Level: Moderate
Answer = B
B in 2017 = 6000
B in 2019 = 10000
((10000 – 60000)/6000) * 100% = 200%/3
3x% + 4x% + (3x * 4x)%/100 = 200%/3
x = 25/3
6x% = 6 * 25/3 = 50%
Let percentage in the number of bats manufactured bats in 2018 over the
previous year = y%
9600 * (150/100) * ((100 + y)/100) = 15000
14,400 * ((100 + y)/100) = 15000
(100 + y)/100) = 25/24
y = 100/24 = 4.17
So the answer = 4.17%

Q2: In Company C, the number of bats manufactured in 2020, 2019 and 2018
increased over the previous year. The ratio of the percentage change in the
number of bats manufactured in 2020 over the previous year to the
percentage change in the number of bats manufactured in 2018 over the
previous year in Company C is 9 : 17, how many bats are manufactured by
Company C in 2018?
(A) 5,000
(B) 5,400
(C) 5,700
(D) 6,000
(E) None of these
Level: Moderate
Answer =D
Let the percentage change in the number of bats manufactured in 2018 over
the previous year = 17x
The percentage change in the number of bats manufactured in 2020 over the
previous year = 9x
5100 * ((100 + 9x)/100) * (125/100) * ((100 + 17x)/100) = 10000
x = 100/51
Number of bats manufactured in 2018 = 5100 * (100 + 900/51)/100 = 6000

Q3: In 2018, the number of manufactured bats in Company D and Company E

is the same. How many bats were manufactured by Company D in 2019?
(A) 5860
(B) 5940
(C) 6120
(D) 6400
(E) None of these
Level: Moderate
Answer = B
Bats manufactured by D in 2018 = 5,400
So the answer = 5,400 * 110/100 = 5,940