Simple Equations

MATHEMATICAL REASONING
8. If two third of a number, half of the same
1. You are decorating a gift pack with 15 number and one-seventh of same number is
flowers. You want an equal number of added to itself, the result is 37. The number
flowers in each of the 3 rows on the gift pack. is ____.
Which equation would you use to find the 2 2
(a) 14 (b) 16
number of flowers, r, in each row? 97 97
(a) r  3  15 (b) 15  r  3 2 2
3 (c) 18 (d) 15
(c) 3r  15 (d)  15 97 97
r
o
9. If two supplementary angles differ by 44 ,
2. The solution of the equation 10  3 y  1 is
then one of the angles is ____.
y=____. o o
(a) 102 (b) 65
(a) 0 (b) 1 o o
(c) 2 (d) 3 (c) 112 (d) 72

3. 5 less than thrice a number and add 7. The 10. The value of x in
1 x 
 7 x  1   2 x 
result is 14. The number is _____. 3 3
(a) 5 (b) 4   x  is ____.
4  2  2
(c) 6 (d) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 0
4. Which of the given equation does not have 4
as the solution? 2 3
(a) p  5  9 (b) 14  p  10 11. If (5 x  1)   1, then what is the value of
5 5
20 x?
(c) 4 (d) 9 p  36
p 1
(a) (b) 1
5
5. 184 is divided into two parts such that one- 1
third of one part may exceed one -seventh of (c) 0 (d)
the other part by 8, then the greater part 5
is____.
(a) 72 (b) 110 9 1
12. If of a number is 45, what is of the same
(c) 112 (d) 114 5 5
number?
2x (a) 5 (b) 25
6. If then find the value of x. (c) 30 (d) 81
1
1
x
1 6 x  2 3x  5 1
1 x 13. Solve for x :   .
(a) 1 (b) 4/3 9 18 3
(c) 1/3 (d) 2/3 1 2
(a) (b)
3 3
7. What is the value of p that makes the 3 8
following expression true? (c) (d)
5 3
p  {4  (2  8  4)}  8
(a) 12 (b) 4
(c) 4 (d) 12
14. Which of the following statement do not hold 20. There are some lotus flowers in a pond and
in solving the equation 15  3x  3 ? some bees are hovering around. If one bee
(a) 3x  3 15 (b) 15  3  3x lands on each flower, one bee will be left .
3x 15 3 x 3 If two bees land on each flower, one flower
(c) 15  3 (d)   will be left. Then, the number of flowers and
3 3 3 3
bees respectively are ____.
(a) 3, 4 (b) 4, 3
15. Form an equation of the form ax  b  c,
(c) 2, 3 (d) 3, 2
where a, b and c are constants, such that the
solution of the equation is x = 4. ACHIEVERS SECTION (HOTS)
(a) 2x  5  15 (b) 7 x  2  10
(c) 5x  4  16 (d) 3x  4  16 21. A number consists of two digits whose sum is
9. If 27 is added to the number, its digits are
EVERY DAY MATHEMATICS interchanged. Which of the given steps is
CORRECT to find the number?
16. Ram's father's age is 3 years more than two Step 1: Let the unit's digit be x
times Ram's age. Ram's father is 45 years old. Step 2: Then, ten's digit  (9  x )
Form an equation to find Ram's age.  Number  10  (9  x)  x
(a) 2x  3  45 (b) 3x  2  45
(c) 6x  3  45 (d) 5x  1  45
 90  10 x  x  (90  9 x)
Step 3: Adding 27 to the number 90  9 x,
17. A shopkeeper sells bananas in two types of we get 117  9 x
boxes, one small and one large. A large box Step 4: Number with digits interchanged is
contains as many as 6 small boxes plus 2 10 x  (9  x)  9 x  9
loose bananas. Form an equation which
Step5: 117  9x  9x  9
gives the number of bananas in each small
Step 6: Therefore unit's digit = 6 and ten's
box, if the number of bananas in 1 large box
digit = 3
is 50.
Step 7: Hence the number = 36.
(a) 3x  1  50 (b) x  1  20
(a) Only Step 4
(c) 6x  2  50 (d) 2x  1  20
(b) Both Step 1 and Step 2
(c) Step 1, 2, 3 and 4
18. The people of Delhi planted trees in a (d) All steps are correct
garden. Some of the trees were fruit trees.
The number of non-fruit trees were 3 more 22. Select the INCORRECT statement.
than four times the number of fruit trees. (a) In an equation, to maintain the balance
What was the number of fruit trees planted, if or equality, any number added to one side
the number of non, fruit trees planted was must also be added to the other side.
87? (b) Anything subtracted from one side of an
(a) 42 (b) 21 equation must also be subtracted from the
(c) 40 (d) 62 other side.
(c) If one side of an equation is multiplied by
19. The teacher tells the class that the highest a number, the other side must also be
marks obtained by a student in her class is multiplied by the same number.
four times the lowest marks plus 6. The (d) If one side of an equation is divided by a
highest score is 65. Form the equation which number, the other side must also be
will calculate the lowest marks. multiplied by the same number.
(a) 6m  4  65 (b) 4m  65  6
(c) 4m  6  65 (d) 6m  65  4
23. Sum of two numbers is 45. One is twice the (a) (i)  (q). (ii)  (p), (iii)  (r)
other. (b) (i)  (q), (ii)  (r), (iii)  (p)
(a) If smaller number is l, find the other (c) (i)  (p), (ii)  (q), (iii)  (r)
number. (d) (i)  (p), (ii)  (r), (iii)  (q)
(b) Find the equation formed.
(c) Find the numbers. ANSWER KEY
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C
(a) (b) (c) 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C
(a) 2l l  2l  45 10,35 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D
(b) 2l l  2l  45 15,30 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
(c) l  2 45  l  2  l 15,30 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B
(d) ll 2 45  l / 2  l  0 25, 20
SOLUTION
24. In a quiz, 40 prizes consisting of 1st and 2nd
1. (c): Total number of flowers = Number of
prizes only are to be given. 1st and 2nd prizes
rows  number of flowers in each row
are worth Rs. 2500 and Rs. 1500,
15  3  r  3r  15
respectively.
If the total prize money is Rs. 85,000, then
(i) the equation formed is 2. 10  3 y  1  3 y  10  1  3 y  9
(d):
(ii) the number of 1st prizes are 9
(iii) the number of 2nd prizes are  y 3
3
(i) (ii) (iii) 3. (b): Let the number be x.
(a) 2500 x  1500(40  x)  85000 25 15 According to question, (3 x  5)  7  14
(b) 2500 x  1500(40  x)  85000 36 4  3x  2  14  3x  14  2  3x  12
(c) 2500 x  1500( x  40)  85000 20 20 12
 x 4
(d) 2500 x  1500( x  40)  85000 15 25 3

25. Match the following. 4. (c): (A) p  5  9  p  9  5  4

(b) 14  p  10  p  14  10  4  p  4
Column-I Column-II 20 4
(i) Arjun's father's age is 5 years (p) 9 (c)   20  4 p or 4 p  20  p  5
p 1
more than four times Arjun's age.
Find Arjun's age, if his father is 37 36
(d) 9 p  36  p  =4
years old. 9
 Option (C) does not have 4 as a solution.
(ii) Ramesh says that he has (q) 8
8 note books more than four times
5. (c): Let the one part be x.
the number of notebooks Anuj
has. Ramesh has 48 notebooks. Then, the other part will be 184  x .
How many notebooks does Anuj According to question,
have? 1 1 x 184 x
 x  (184  x)  8    8
(iii) Varun says that he has 11 (r) 10 3 7 3 7 7
erasers more than five times the x x 184 10 x 240
   8 
number of erasers erasers. How 3 7 7 21 7
many erasers does Sameer have? 240  21
 x  72  First part = 72
7  10
and second part  184  72  112
 2x 2 3
6. (d): We have, 1 11. (c): We have, (5 x  1)   1
1 5 5
1
x  2x  2  3  1  2x  5  1  2x 1  1
1
1 x 5 5 5
2x 2x  2x  0  x  0
 1  1 
1 11 x
1 12. (a): Let the number be x.
1 x  x
9 9
1 x Then, of x  45   x  45 \
5 5
2x
1 5
2 x  x  45   25
9
2
 2 x  2  x  3x  2  x   Number = 25
3 1 1
Now, of the number   25  5
7. (c) We have, p  {4  (2  8  4)}  8
5 5
 p  {4  (2  2)}  8 13. (a): We have,
 p  (4  0)  8  p  4  8  p  4 6 x  2 3x  5 1
 
9 18 3
8. (b): Let the number be x. 2(6 x  2)  (3 x  5) 1
2 1 1  
Then, x  x  x  x  37 18 3
3 2 7 12 x  4  3 x  5 1 15 x  1 1
28 x  21x  6 x  42 x    
  37 18 3 18 3
42  45x  3  18  45x  15
1554 2 15 1
 97 x  37  42  x   x  16  x 
97 97 45 3
9. (c): Let first angle be x. 14. (c): The given equation 15  3x  3 can be
Then, other angle will be (44  x)
o
expressed as, 3x  3 15
Now, 15 3 x 3
x  (44o  x)  180o  2 x  136o  x  68o or 15  3  3x or  
3 3 3
 First angle  68o 3x
but not 15  3
and second angle  (68  44)  112 .
o o
3
 Option (c) is incorrect.
10. (c): We have,
3  1 x  3 15. (d): (A) 2 x  5  15  2 x  10  x  5
(7 x  1)   2 x   x
4  2  2 8
(b) 7 x  2  10  7 x  8  x 
 21 3   4x 1  x  3 7
  x     x 12
 4 4  2  2 (c) 5 x  4  16  5 x  12  x 
21 3 5x 1 3 5
 x   x (d) 3x  4  16  3x  12  x  4
4 4 2 2
21x  10 x  4 x 6  3  2 16. (a): Let Ram's age be x years
   x 1
4 4 Ram's father's age  (2 x  3) years
According to question, 2x  3  45
17. (c): Let the number of bananas in each small According to question,
box be x. 5x 11  56  5x  56 11  5x  45
Number of small boxes = 6 x 9
According to question, 6x  2  50

18. (b): Let the number of fruit trees planted be

x.
According to question, 4x  3  87
84
 4 x  87  3  4 x  84  x   21
4

19. (c): Let the lowest marks obtained by a

student be m.
According to question, 4m  6  65

20. (a)

21. (d)

22. (d)

23. (b): First number = l

Second number = 21
According to question,
l  2l  45  3l  45  1  15
So, numbers are 15, 30.

24. (a): Let the number of 1st prizes be x,

Then the number of 2nd prizes  40  x
According to the question,
2500( x)  1500(40  x)  85000
 2500x  60000 1500x  85000
 1000x  25000  x  25
So, number of 1st prizes = 25
Number of 2nd prizes  40  25  15

25. (b): (i) Let Arjun's age be x.

So, Arjun's father's age  4 x  5
According to question, 4x  5  37
 4x  37  5  4x  32  x  8
(ii) Let Anuj has x notebooks.
So, Ramesh has (4 x  8) notebooks
According to question,
4x  8  48
 4 x  48  8  4 x  40
 x  10
(ii) Let Sameer has x erasers.
So, Varun has (5 x  11) erasers.