A-LEVEL PAPER 1 PP7 MS

1. (a) (i) Heterogeneous:- In a different phase to reactants (1)

Catalyst:- Increases reaction rate (1)
Alternative route or route described (1)
Lower E (1) a

Unchanged at end of reaction (1) Max 4

(ii) Feature:- QoL Variable oxidation states shown by vanadium (1)
Equations V O + SO → V O + SO (1)
2 5 2 2 4 3

2V O + O → 2V O (1)
2 4 2 2 5

7
(b) VO + 4H + 3e → V (aq) + 2H O (1)
2
+ + – 2+
2

Zn → Zn + 2e (given) 2+ –

2VO + 8H + 3Zn → 3Zn + 2V (aq) + 4H O (1)

2
+ + 2+ 2+
2

2
Mol KMnO = mv/1000 = 0.0200 × 38.5/1000 = 7.70 × 10 (1)
4
–4

Mole ratio MnO to V(II) = 3:5 deduced 4

–

or equation
5V + 3MnO + 4H → 2H O + 3Mn + 5VO (2)
2+
4
– +
2
2+
2
+

Mol V(II) = 7.70 × 10 × 5/3 (1) = 1.283 × 10 –4 –3

Mass V = 1.283 × 10 × 50.9 (1) = 0.0653 g

–3

% V in sample = 0.06532 × 100/0.160 = 40.8 (1)

6
[15]

2. (a) Cl2 + H2O HOCl + HCl

Allow the products shown as ions.
1
Cl2 = 0, HOCl = +1 and HCl = −1
1 mark for all three oxidation states correct. Allow a reaction
arrow in this equation.
Oxidation states must match the species
1
(b) Hydroxide / alkali ions react with the acids
Mark independently
1
Equilibrium moves to the right
1
(c) Only used in small amounts
1
The health benefits outweigh the risks
1
[6]

3. (a) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
2 2 6 2 6

1
(b) S (g)–

1
(c) The negative S ion –

1
repels the electron being added
1
(d) (i) Enthalpy of atomisation of sulphur
1
(ii) Second ionisation enthalpy of calcium
1

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 (iii) Second electron affinity of sulphur
1

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 (e) Electron more strongly attracted
1
nearer to the nucleus or attracted by Ca ion +

1
(f) Correct cycle
e.g. + 178 + 279 + 590 +1145 – 200 + E – 3013 + 482 = 0
1
= 539
1
Allow one mark for – 539
[11]

4. (a) (i) Standard enthalpy change:

ΔH = ΣΔH (products) - ΣΔH (reactants) (1)
R f f

or cycle
ΔH = ([2 × 0] + [3 × –393.5]) - (-824.2 + [3 × -110.5]) (1)
R

= -24.8 (kJ mol ) (1) –1

Allow + 24.8 max one

Standard entropy change: ΔS = ΣS(products) - ΣS(reactants) (1)
ΔS = ([2 × 27.3] + [3 × 213.6]) - (87.4 + [3 × 197.6]) (1)
= (54.6 + 640.8) - (87.4 + 592.8) (1)
= 15.2 (JK mol ) (1) –1 –1

Allow -15.2 max one

(ii) ΔG = ΔH - TΔS (1)
ΔH negative and -TΔS is negative (or ΔS positive or
or correct calc) (1)
Hence ΔG is always negative
(or feasible when ΔG 0) (1)
9
(b) ΔG = O = ΔH - TΔS Hence ΔH = TΔS (1)
T = ΔH / ΔS = 492.7 × 1000 / 542.6 (1)
= 908 K (1)
penalise missing 1000 by one mark
3
(c) ΔG (b) = ΔG (a)
(492.7 × 10 - T × 542.6) = (-24.8 × 10 - T × 15.2) (1)
3 3

517.5 × 10 = 527.4 T (1)

3

T = 981.2 K(1)
Allow 980 - 982
Penalise missing 1000 by one mark
3
[15]

5. (a) (i) –log[H ] +

or log1/[H ] +

penalise ( )
1
(ii) [H ] = 0.56
+

mark for the answer; allow 2dp or more

1
[H SO ] = ½ × 0.56 = 0.28
2 4

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 (b) (i) CH COOH + NaOH → CH COONa + H O
3 3 2

OR
CH COOH + OH → CH COO + H O
3
–
3
–
2

Allow CH CO H etc
3 2

1
(ii) mol acid = (25.0 × 10 ) × 0.41 = 1.025 × 10 or 1.03 × 10
–3 –2 –2

1
[NaOH] = 1.025 × 10 /22.6 × 10 = 0.45(4)
–2 –3

mark for answer

if not 0.454 look back for error
1
OR
[NaOH] = 1.03 × 10 /22.6 × 10 = 0.456 or 0.46
–2 –3

(iii) cresol purple

1
(iv) NaOH reacts with carbon dioxide (in the air)
1

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 (c) (i) K =
a

allow molecular formulae or minor slip in formulae

penalise ( )
allow H O 3
+

not allow HA etc

1

(ii) K =
a or with numbers
1
allow HA etc here
This can be scored in part (c)(i) but doesn’t score there.
[H ] = (√(1.74 × 10 × 0.410) = √(7.13 × 10 )) = 2.67 × 10
+ –5 –6 –3

1
mark for 2.67 × 10 or 2.7 × 10 either gives 2.57
–3 –3

pH = 2.57 can give three ticks here for (c)(ii)

penalise decimal places < 2 >
1
pH mark conseq on their [H ] +

so 5.15 gets 2 marks where square root not taken

(iii) M1 mol OH = (10.0 × 10 ) × 0.10 = 1.0 × 10
– –3 –3

If no subtraction or other wrong chemistry the max score is 3

for M1, M2 and M4
1
M2 orig mol HA = (25.0 × 10 ) × 0.41 = 0.01025 –3

1
or 1.025 × 10 or 1.03 × 10–2 –2

M3 mol HA in buffer = orig mol HA – mol OH –

1
= 0.00925 or 0.0093
If A is wrong, max 3 for M1, M2 and M3 or use of
–

pH = pKa – log [HA]/[A ] –

M4 mol A in buffer = mol OH = 1.0 × 10

– – –3

Mark is for insertion of correct numbers in correct expression

for [H ] +

M5 [H ] =+

(= 1.61 × 10 or 1.62 × 10 )
–4 –4

M6 pH = 3.79 can give six ticks for 3.79

if [HA]/[A ] upside down lose M5 & M6
–

If wrong method e.g. [H ] /[HA] max 3 for M1, M2 and M3 + 2

Some may calculate concentrations

[HA] = 0.264 and [A ] = 0.0286 and rounding this to 0.029
–

gives pH = 3.80 (which is OK)

NB Unlike (c)(ii), this pH mark is NOT awarded conseq to their
[H ] unless following AE
+

BEWARE: using 0.01025 wrongly instead of 0.00925 gives

pH = 3.75

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 (this gets 3 for M1, M2 & M4)
1
[18]

6. (a) HCl 1.0 mol dm –3

Allow H SO 0.5 mol dm 2 4

–3

Allow HNO 1.0 mol dm 3

–3

Allow name or formula

Concentration can be given after “conditions”
1
(Hydrogen at) 100kPa / 1 bar
1
298 K
1
(b) Pt / Platinum
Mark on if no answer for M1
If wrong answer for M1, only mark on if electrode is Au, Ag,
Pb or Ti
1
Inert / unreactive / does not create a potential difference
1
Conducts electricity / allows electron flow / conducts / conductor
1
(c) KCl
Allow NaCl, KNO , Na SO etc NOT NH Cl3 2 4 4

1
Does not react with either electrode / solution in electrode
Allow unreactive / inert
1
Ions can move
Allow conducts electricity / electrical connection / carries
charge
Do not allow just connects / completes the circuit
Do not allow conducts / carries electrons
Mark these independently
1
(d) Pt|H |H ||Fe ,Fe |Pt
2
+ 3+ 2+

Ignore state symbols

Order must be correct
| must be correct but allow | instead of , separating Fe from 3+

Fe 2+

Allow , instead of | separating H and H 2

+

1
(e) (i) 2Fe 3+
+ H 2Fe 2
2+
+ 2H +

Allow multiples
1
(ii) The Fe ions would be used up / reaction completed
3+

Answer must relate to reactants in (e)(i) equation if given

Allow reactant / reactants used up
Do not allow concentration of Fe decreases 3+

Allow concentration of Fe falls to zero 3+

1
[12]

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7. (a) Cell e.m.f.: 1.93 (v) CE if negative value given (1)
Half equation: Mg → Mg + 2 e (1) 2+ –

or
Ignore state symbols
Mark on after an AE
2
(b) Change in e.m.f.: increases (1)
Mark on even if incorrect
Explanation: Equilibrium displaced to Mg or to the left (1) 2+

cell reaction or overall reaction goes to the right

Electrode is more negative or E decreases
or gives more electron
or forms more Mg ions 2+

Mark separately
3
(c) Cell e.m.f. : –0.84 (V) (1)
Explanation: Fe is giving electrons or forming Fe 2+

or reaction goes in the reverse direction (1)

Mark on after AE
N.B. In (a) and (c) mark on if no value given,
but CE in both (a) and (c) if e.m.f. = 0
2
[7]

8. (a) C O or H NCH CH NH (1)

2 4
2–
2 2 2 2

1
(b) [AgCl ] or [Ag(CN) ] or [Ag(NH ) ] (1)
2
–
2
–
3 2
+

1
(c) e.g. [Co(H O) ] + 4Cl → [CoCl ] + 6H O
2 6
2+ –
4
2–
2

Correct complex species (1), Balanced (1), Only allow if species correct
2
(d) e.g. [Co(H O) ] + 6NH → [Co(NH ) ] + 6H O
2 6
2+
3 3 6
2+
2

Correct complex species (1), Balanced (1), Only allow if species correct
2
(e) Equation: [Co(H O) ] + EDTA → [Co(EDTA)] + 6H O (1)
2 6
2+ 4– 2–
2

Explanation: More molecules on right hand side (1)

Entropy increases (1)
3
[9]

9. (a) Plots all of the points correctly ± one square

1
Straight line through the points is best fit
Candidate does not have to extrapolate line to the origin.
Line must pass through the origin ± 1 square.
Lose this mark if the candidate’s line is doubled or kinked.
Allow line that doesn’t pass through the origin if one or more
points are misplotted.
1
(b) 7.6 ± 0.1 ×10 (mol dm ) -2 -3

Do not penalise precision, but at least 2 significant figures.

1
[3]

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10.

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