Grade 3 Math in English Unit 8

At the end of this unit students will be able to:

 Understand how to represent data using pictograph.

Use pictorial representation in your day to day life.

Introduction
Data Handling is the process of gathering, recording, and presenting information in a way
that is helpful to analyze, make predictions and choices.

Anything that can be grouped based on certain comparable parameters can be thought of as
data.

Data handling usually represent data in the form of:

Tally charts
pictographs, bar
graphs, pie
charts,
histograms, line
graphs, stem and
leaf plots, etc.

All of them have a different purpose to serve while presenting a given data.

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8.1 Pictographs or Picture Graphs

Learning competency
To present data using different fruits.

Note: Data can be collected:

Using Interview
By Observation
From news papers
From internet
From published books

Activity 8.1

1. Ask your friends in class what game they like and record the data.

2. List all your school materials and show to the class using pictograph.

3. Answer the following questions based on the table given below. Abebe gives pine apples to
his friends as shown below.

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a) How many Pine apples are given to Semira?

b) Who gets the least number of Pine apples?

c) Who gets the most pine apples?

Pictographs or Picture Graphs

A Pictograph is a type of graph where information is represented in the form of pictures, icons,
or symbols.

It is the simplest form of representing data in statistics and data handling. Since the use of
images and symbols are more in a pictograph, interpreting data is made easy along with
representing a large number of data.

In order to use a pictograph or picture graph, first data need to be collected and organized
well.

Example 1. Look at the table below which is about the mode of transport of children.

Example 2. In a certain Shop the number of toys, bicycles, ducks and cars are recorded as
follows.

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a) The shop keeper sold _________ most.

b) _______ is sold least.

c) The shop keeper sold _________ and ________ equally.

Solution

a) ducks b) motor bicycle c) baby toys and cars

Exercise 8.1

1. What is data handling?

2. ___________ is a type of graph where information is represented in the form of pictures,

icons, or symbols

3. Fill in the blank spaces with the correct answer.( Fatuma gave apples to her friends)

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a) To whom did Fatuma give apples the most?__________

b) Who gets the least number of apples from Fatuma? ________

8.2 Reading and interpreting data from Pictographs

Learning Competency

Read a pictograph correctly

Identify the largest, smallest and most repeated quantity. Find
the difference between the largest and the smallest value Draw
bar graph from a given data.

Note
A pictograph is a graph that represents the data using either symbols or
pictures.
A pictograph has a key that shows what a symbol refers to. Then we count
the number of pictures and multiply by the key number to get the total number.

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Grade 3 Math in English Unit 8

A. Counting and Drawing a Pictograph

Activity 8.2
1. The following pictograph shows the number of drinks students take at lunch time.

a) How many children drink milk?

_________

b) How many of them drink water or milk?

___________

c) _____ students drink water.

d) ______ more students drink water than juice.

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2 . The following pictograph shows favorite fruits of teachers.

Answer the following questions.

a) How many teachers like mango?

b) How many more teachers like apple than orange?

c) How many less teachers like banana than orange?

Illustration

Consider the following choices of apparel. Draw a pictograph for the

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number of choices.

Use the key = 2 apparels

Solution first identify the things and count those that are the same.

Here is the pictograph

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Note: To read a pictograph we should consider the following.

Identify the picture type

Identify what the picture represents( the key)
Describe the relationship of one symbol with another in
numbers

Example 1
1. The following table shows the number of gifts Jemila gave to her friends.

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a) Who gets the highest number of gifts from Jemila?

b) Who gets more than five gifts from Jemila?

c) How many gifts do Kedir and Aman get in all?

d) Who gets 6 gifts?

Solution Let us record the number of gifts each get by multiplying each pack by 2.

Kedir = 4 packs x 2=8

Leul = 7 packs x2 =14

Hawlet = 3 packs x 2 = 6 Aman = 6

packs x 2 = 12

a) Luel gets the highest number of gifts

b) All of them get more than 5 gifts

c) Aman and Kedir = 12 + 8 =20

d) Hawlet receives 6 gifts from Jemila

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2. The pictograph below shows the number of cars sold each day. (Key: Each type of car = 2
cars sold)

a) Which day shows the highest number of cars sold? How many cars?

b) Which days indicate the same number of cars sales?

c) Which day shows the least number of cars?

d) How many cars are sold in all days?

Solution

Let us count the number of cars sold each day

Monday =4x2=8, Tuesday =7x1=14 , Wednesday =4x2=8 ,

Thursday=6xx2=12 , Friday =3x2=6 Saturday = 2x2=4

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a) Tuesday, 14

b) Monday and Wednesday

c) Saturday

d) 8 + 14+ 8+ 12 +6+ 4 = 52 cars

Exercise 8.2A
I. Answer the following Questions.
1. The following pictograph shows the number of toys made each week by Helen.

a) In which week dike Helen make 40 toys?

b) In which week did Helen make the fewest number of toys?

c) How many more toys are made in week 3 than week 2?

d) What is the total number of toys made by Helen in all weeks?

2. The pictograph below shows a data of the number of girl students present in 2021 in Etege
Menen school.
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Based on the above picture graph, Fill in the blank spaces.

a) The number of Grade 9 girls was ________

b) The number of girl student in grade 11 was ______

c) The Grade 10 girl students were ______ more than Grade 12 girl students.

3) The Picture graph shows favorite football teams in a survey of school children.

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a) How many children prefer man.United?

_____________

b) Which team was preferred by 4 children?

____________

c) Which is the most popular team?

________________

d) How many children were surveyed?

___________

e) How many more children prefer Arsenal to Man city?

___________

4. Complete the table below that shows goals scored by 3 football teams with in a month.

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II. Choose the correct Answer

3. How many students played football?

A) 30 B)60 C)40 D)50

4. How many more students played baseball than basketball?

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A) 10 B)20 C)30 D)40

5. How many votes did reading and social studies receive together?

A) 9 B) 15 C)11 D)13

6. How many more students like purple than blue?

A) 17 B) 14 C)4 D)3

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B. Bar Graph

Bar graphs represent data in the form of vertical or horizontal bars showing data with
rectangular bars and the heights of bars are proportional to the values that they represent.

Bar graphs help in the comparison of data and this type of graph is most widely used in
statistics.

Example 1. Look at the image below as an example.

From the above table, we can draw bar graph to present the data.

Example 2. The bar graph below shows the number of students in each grade 1 to 4.

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a) Write the number of students in each grade?

b) Which grade has the largest number of students?

c) Which grade has the smallest number of students?

d) How many students are there all in total?

Solution

a) Grade 1 = 200, Grade 2 = 250 Grade 3 = 350 Grade 4 = 150

b) Grade 3 c) Grade 4

d) 200 +250 +350 +150 = 950 students

Exercise 8.2B
1. Draw bar graph using the table below.

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2. The bar graph shows the favorite drinks of students at their lunch time.

a)How many students drink coffee?

b) Which drink is preferred most?

c) How many more students drink mirinda than Fanta?

d) what is the total number of students under this data?

Summary

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Data Handling is the process of gathering, recording, and presenting information in

a way that is helpful to analyze, make predictions and choices.
A Pictograph is a type of graph where information is represented in the
form of pictures, icons, or symbols.
In order to use a pictograph or picture graph, first data need to be
collected and organized well.
A pictograph has a key that shows what a symbol refers to. Then we count the number
of pictures and multiply by the key number to get the total number.
Bar graphs represent data in the form of vertical or horizontal bars showing data
with rectangular bars and the heights of bars are proportional to the values that they
represent.

Review Exercise

1Hana asks her friends to tell her their favorite fruit. She organizes their answers in a picture
graph. Answer the following questions.

a) How many friends choose apples or bananas?

b) How many friends choose grapes?

c) Which fruits are preferred by the same number of friends?

2. Samuel asks his friends: What is your favorite fruit?

Then he makes the picture graph below.
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a) How many friends choose apples?

b) How many friends choose pears?

c) Complete the equation to show how many friends choose apples or pears

7 + _______= ________

3. Iman makes a picture graph to show the stickers she has. How many more stars does she
have than dots?

4. The table below shows the number of students played in each game.

a) How many students played Basketball? ______

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b)) ________ students played hockey.

c) ________ more students played soccer than baseball.

d) The total number of students played in all sport games is ______.

5. Beshir makes this graph on Sunday morning about books he read From Thursday to Sunday.

a) How many books did Beshir read on Thursday?

b) How many more books did he read on Saturday than on Friday?

c) which day did he read the fewest books?

6. Derartu puts her data in the table below to show the colors of heart stickers she has. Draw a
bar graph for her data.

Yellow Red Pink Green

4 6 8 3

7. The following pictograph shows the numbers of flowers sold each day.

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a) Which days shows smallest number of flowers sold?

b) What is the largest number of flowers sold? Which day?

8. The following bar graph shows the number of people died from corona virus from February
8 to February 12, 2021.

a) Which date shows the highest number of death from corona virus?

b) Which date shows the fewest number of death from corona virus?

b) List the dates where more than 800 people died from corona virus?

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