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VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS [1 mark]

Q. 1. Define the term ‘Resource’.

Ans. Everything available in our environment, which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, itis
technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as
‘Resource’.

Q. 2. What is the role of human beings in the development of a resource?

Ans. Human beings transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.

Q. 3. What are renewable resources?

Ans. The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical
processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. Example—water, forests, wildlife,
etc.

Q. 4. What are non-renewable resources?

Ans. These resources cannot be renewed or replenished. They take millions of years in their
formation. Example—coal, mineral oil, iron ore, bauxite, etc.

Q. 5. Define Individual Resources.

Ans. These resources are owned privately by individuals. Example—Plantation, pasture lands,
ponds, water in wells, etc. are resources owned by individuals

Q. 6. Which resources are community owned resources? Ans.

These are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. Example— Public
parks, picnic spots, cinema halls, playgrounds, etc.

Q. 7. What are National Resources.

Ans. Technically, all the resources available in a nation are categorised as National Resources.
Example—Minerals, wild life, forests, water resources, land of a nation, roads, railways.

Q. 8. Which resources are termed as ‘International Resources’?


Ans. There are international institutions which regulate some resources. These resources can be
utilised by any country of the world. Example—The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of
the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise without the
unanimity of international institutions.

Q. 9. What are Potential Resources?

Ans. Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised. Example—Wind and solar
energy can be generated in parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan (they are potential).

Q. 10. Define Developed Resources.

Ans. Resources which are surveyed, their quality and quantity is determined and they are developed
for use. Example—Coal, mineral oil.

Q. 11. What do you understand by the term ‘stock’?

Ans. Stock is the materials in the environment, which have the potential to satisfy human needs but
human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these.

Example: Water can be made with two gases—hydrogen and oxygen, but we do not have required
technology to use it.

Q. 12. What are ‘Reserves’?

Ans. Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing
technical ‘know how’ but their use has not been started. These can be used for meeting future
requirements. Example—water in the dams, forests, etc is a reserve which can be used in the
future.

Q. 13. What do you mean by sustainable development?

Ans. Sustainable economic development means development should take place without damaging
the environment and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the
future generation.

Q. 14. When and where was the first International Earth Summit held?

Ans. The first International Earth Summit, held at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in June 1992, where 100
heads of states met.

Q. 15. What was Agenda 21 of Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro?


Ans. The agenda was to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global
cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.

Q. 16. Why is there a need of planning resources in India?

Ans. We need to have resource planning in India since India has enormous diversity in the availability

of resources. There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in

some other resources. This calls for balanced resource planning at national, state and regional levels.

Q. 17. What are the three processes involved in Resource Planning?

Ans. (i) Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.

(ii) Evolving a planning structure with appropriate technology.

(iii) Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.

Q. 18. How are resources associated with colonialism?

Ans. (i) The history of colonisation reveals that rich resources in colonies were the main attractions
for the foreign invaders.

(ii) It was primarily the higher level of technological development of the imperial powers, that
helped them exploit the resources of the colonies.

Q. 19. Why is resource conservation important?

Ans. Irrational consumption and over-utilisation of resources may lead to socio-economic and
environmental problems. To overcome these problems, resource conservation at various levels is
important.

Q. 20. What is the importance of land as a natural resource?

Ans. Land supports natural vegetation, wild life, human life, economic activities, transport and
communication systems. Thus, land is a natural resource of utmost importance.

Q. 21. What are the main relief features of India?

Ans. India has land under a variety of relief features:

(i) Plains cover 43% of the land area.


(ii) (ii) Mountains account for 30% area and
(iii) (iii) Plateau regions cover about 27% of the area.
Q. 22. Which factors determine the use of land?

Ans. (i) Physical factors—topography, climate, soil types.

(ii) Human factors—Population density, technological capability and culture and tradition, etc.

Q. 23. What is Net Sown Area?

Ans. It is the actual area under cultivation. This area is cultivated once or twice in about two to three
years.

Q. 24. What is gross cropped area?

Ans. It is the actual area under cultivation along with the fallow land, which is left uncultivated for
fertility

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