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ClassNote One

Class

Uploaded by

adis.mulabdic
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Class Notes

Course: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

Lecture 5: Machine Learning Algorithms

Date: [Insert Date]

Instructor: [Insert Instructor Name]

Topics Covered:

1 Supervised Learning:

◦ Definition: Learning from labeled data where the algorithm is trained on


input-output pairs.
◦ Algorithms:
▪ Linear Regression: Used for predicting a continuous output.
▪ Logistic Regression: Used for binary classification problems.
▪ Decision Trees: Tree-like model of decisions for classification and
regression.
▪ Support Vector Machines (SVMs): Finds the hyperplane that best
separates different classes.
◦ Example: Predicting house prices using linear regression based on features
like size, location, and number of rooms.
◦ Key Concepts: Overfitting (model too complex, performs well on training
data but poorly on unseen data), underfitting (model too simple, performs
poorly on both training and unseen data), cross-validation (technique to
evaluate the generalization performance of the model).
2 Unsupervised Learning:

◦ Definition: Learning from unlabeled data where the algorithm tries to learn
the patterns and structure from the data.
◦ Algorithms:
▪ K-Means Clustering: Partitions data into K distinct clusters based on
feature similarity.
▪ Principal Component Analysis (PCA): Technique for dimensionality
reduction by transforming the data into a new coordinate system with
fewer dimensions.
◦ Example: Customer segmentation in marketing using K-Means clustering.
◦ Key Concepts: Dimensionality reduction (reducing the number of random
variables under consideration), feature extraction (transforming raw data into
features suitable for modeling).
3 Reinforcement Learning:

◦ Definition: Learning through rewards and punishments where the algorithm


learns to make a sequence of decisions.
◦ Algorithms:
▪ Q-Learning: A value-based method for learning the value of an action
in a particular state.
▪ Deep Q-Networks (DQNs): Combines Q-learning with deep neural
networks.
◦ Example: Training an AI to play chess by rewarding successful moves and
penalizing unsuccessful ones.
◦ Key Concepts: Exploration vs. Exploitation (balancing between trying new
actions and exploiting known actions), reward signals (feedback given to the
agent based on the actions taken).
Key Takeaways:

• Machine learning is a core component of AI, enabling systems to learn and improve
from experience.
• Different algorithms are suited for different types of tasks, requiring a good
understanding of the data and the problem context.
• Proper handling of overfitting and underfitting is crucial for building robust models.
Assignments:

• Assignment 1: Implement a linear regression model in Python using a given dataset.


Report the model's performance and interpret the results.
• Assignment 2: Apply K-Means clustering to a given dataset and interpret the clusters
formed. Discuss the implications of the clustering results.
Next Lecture:

• Topic: Neural Networks and Deep Learning


• Reading Assignment: Chapter 6 of the course textbook

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