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Science Lesson 4

Science lesson grade 10 students

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5 views

Science Lesson 4

Science lesson grade 10 students

Uploaded by

purlfect8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE

Lesson 4: PLATE TECTONICS: Type of Plate Boundaries

● Earth is broken into numerous segments called plates.


DIVERGENT BOUNDARY: TENSION STRESS
CONVERGENT BOUNDARY: COMPRESSION STRESS
TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARIES: SHEAR STRESS

Divergent plate boundary formed when two plates are moving away/apart from each other.
Convergent boundary formed when two plates move toward each other and collide.
Transform fault boundary is characterized by plates that are sliding past each other.

1. Convergent (destructive) Boundaries - two plates are colliding

Where oceanic crust meets oceanic crust


Island arcs and oceanic trenches occur when both plates are made of oceanic crust. Zones
of active seafloor spreading can also occur behind the island arc, known as back-arc basins.

Where oceanic crust meets continental crust


The denser oceanic plate is subducted, often forming a mountain range on the continent. The
Andes is an example of this type of collision.

Where continental crust meets continental crust


Both continental crusts are too light to subduct, so a continent-continent collision occurs,
creating especially large mountain ranges. The most spectacular example of this is the
Himalayas.

2. Divergent (Constructive) Boundaries –two plates are moving apart.

On land
Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts, which produce rift valleys.
Under the sea
The most active divergent plate boundaries are between oceanic plates and are often called
mid-oceanic ridges.

3. Transform fault boundaries –plates slide past each other.They can occur underwater or on land,
and the crust is neither destroyed nor created. Because of friction, the plates cannot simply
glide past each other. Rather, stress builds up in both plates and when it exceeds the threshold
of the rocks, the energy is released – causing earthquakes.

● The Earth’s lithosphere is made up of large segments of plates.


● Plates are classified as continental plates and oceanic.
● Continental plates are thicker but less dense
● Oceanic plates are thinner but denser and can be found on the ocean floor.
● The plates are slowly but continuously moving resulting in different types of plate
boundaries.
● D This process known as plate tectonics gives rise to the development of geologic
features and events.

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