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GEOmap

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GEOmap

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mark overmars

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Package ‘GEOmap’

October 12, 2022

Type Package
Title Topographic and Geologic Mapping
Version 2.5-0
Date 2022-05-17
Depends R (>= 3.0)
Imports RPMG, splancs, fields, MBA
Suggests geomapdata, maps, RFOC
LazyData yes
Author Jonathan M. Lees [aut, cre]
Maintainer Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>
Description Set of routines for making map projections (forward and inverse), topographic maps, per-
spective plots, geological maps, geological map symbols, geological databases, interactive plot-
ting and selection of focus regions.
License GPL (>= 2)
NeedsCompilation yes
Repository CRAN
Date/Publication 2022-05-17 18:30:02 UTC

R topics documented:
GEOmap-package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
addLLXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
addTIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
along.great . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
antipolygon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
BASICTOPOMAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
bcars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
boundGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CCcheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ccw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
coastmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1
2 R topics documented:

ColorScale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
darc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
DATUMinfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
demcmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
difflon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
distaz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
dms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
DUMPLOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
EHB.LLZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Ellipsoidal.Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
eqswath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
ExcludeGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
expandbound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
explode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
ExplodeSymbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
faultdip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
faultperp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
fixCoastwrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
gclc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
geoarea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
geoLEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
GEOmap.breakline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
GEOmap.breakpoly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
GEOmap.cat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
GEOmap.CombineStrokes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
GEOmap.Extract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
GEOmap.list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
GEOsymbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
GEOTOPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
getETOPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
getGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
getGEOperim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
getgreatarc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
getmagsize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
getnicetix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
getspline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
getsplineG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
GETXprofile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
GLOB.XY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
GLOBE.ORTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
GlobeView . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
gmat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
goodticdivs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
horseshoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
inpoly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
insertNA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
insertvec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
inside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
R topics documented: 3

insideGEOmapXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
KINOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
lamaz.eqarea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
LandSeaCol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
lcgc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
linesGEOmapXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Lintersect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
list.GEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
ll2xyz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Lll2xyz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
LLlabel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
LOCPOLIMAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
locworld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Lxyz2ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
MAPconstants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
maplim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
maps2GEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
mapTeleSeis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Markup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
merid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
niceLLtix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
NoOverlap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
normalfault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
NSarrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
NSWath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
ortho.proj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
OverTurned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
perpen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
pgon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
pline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
plotGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
plotGEOmapXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
plothypos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
plotnicetix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
plotusa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
plotUTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
plotworldmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
PointsAlong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
polyintern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
printGEOinfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
printGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
projtype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
rectPERIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
rekt2line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
rose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
rotateGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
rotdelta4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
rotmat2D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
4 GEOmap-package

rotx4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
roty4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
SELGEOmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
setMarkup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
setplotmat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
SETPOLIMAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
setPROJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
settopocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
sizelegend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
sqrTICXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
SSfault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
STROKEinfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
subsetTOPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
SynAnticline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
targetLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
thrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
TOPOCOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
trans4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
UTM.ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
utm.sphr.ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
utm.sphr.xy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
UTM.xy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
utmbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
UTMzone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
X.prod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
XSECDEMg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
XSECEQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
XSECwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
XY.GLOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
xyz2ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
zebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Index 182

GEOmap-package GEOmap

Description
Topographic and Geologic Mapping
GEOmap-package 5

Details

Package: GEOmap
Type: Package
Version: 1.6-09
Date: 2012-10-08
License: GPL

Set of routines for making Map Projections (forward and inverse), Topographic Maps, Perspective
plots, geologi cal databases, interactive plotting and selection of focus regions.

Note
High level plotting: BASICTOPOMAP DOTOPOMAPI geoLEGEND GEOsymbols locworld plot-
GEOmap plotGEOmapXY linesGEOmapXY rectGEOmapXY textGEOmapXY pointsGE-
OmapXY insideGEOmapXY plotUTM plotworldmap XSECDEM
PLOTTING: circle addLLXY addTIX antipolygon zebra demcmap setXMCOL shade.col
Geological Map Symbols: bcars faultdip faultperp horseshoe normalfault OverTurned perpen teeth
thrust SynAnticline SSfault
Data manipulation: getGEOmap boundGEOmap SELGEOmap geoarea GEOTOPO getGEOperim
GETXprofile Lintersect LOCPOLIMAP pline selectPOLImap setplotmat SETPOLIMAP set-
topocol subsetTOPO
Misc: getgreatarc ccw difflon DUMPLOC getsplineG inpoly inside PointsAlong polyintern
Projections: setPROJ projtype GLOB.XY XY.GLOB MAPconstants GCLCFR lambert.cc.ll lam-
bert.cc.xy lambert.ea.ll lambert.ea.xy lcgc merc.sphr.ll merc.sphr.xy utmbox utm.elps.ll utm.elps.xy
utm.sphr.ll utm.sphr.xy stereo.sphr.ll stereo.sphr.xy equid.cyl.ll equid.cyl.xy

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu> Maintainer:Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.
Lees, J. M., Geotouch: Software for Three and Four Dimensional GIS in the Earth Sciences, Com-
puters & Geosciences, 26, 7, 751-761, 2000.

### get lat-lon

LL = XY.GLOB(200, 300, proj)

## find x-y again, should be the same

XY = GLOB.XY(LL$lat, LL$lon, proj)
XY
################
library(geomapdata)
data(worldmap)
KAMlat = c(48.5, 65)
KAMlon = c(150, 171)

PLOC=list(LON=KAMlon,LAT=KAMlat)

PLON = seq(from=KAMlon[1], to=KAMlon[2], by=2)

PLAT = seq(from=KAMlat[1], to=KAMlat[2], by=2)

proj = setPROJ(2, LON0=mean(KAMlon), LAT0=mean(KAMlat))

xy = GLOB.XY(KAMlat, KAMlon , proj)

kbox=list(x=range(xy$x, na.rm=TRUE), y=range(xy$y, na.rm=TRUE))

plot(kbox$x,kbox$y, type='n', axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="", asp=1)

plotGEOmapXY(worldmap, LIM=c(KAMlon[1], KAMlat[1], KAMlon[2],
KAMlat[2]), add=TRUE, PROJ=proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="" )

sqrTICXY(kbox , proj, side=c(1,2,3,4), LLgrid=TRUE, col=grey(.7) )

title("Crude Map of Kamchatka")

addLLXY Add Lat-Lon points using projection

Description

Add Lat-Lon points using projection

Usage

addLLXY(lats, lons, PROJ = PROJ, PMAT = NULL,

col = gray(0.7), GRID = TRUE, GRIDcol = 1, LABS = NULL,
LABcol = 1, BORDER = NULL, TICS = c(1, 1), xpd=TRUE)
addLLXY 7

Arguments
lats Latitudes in Degrees
lons Longitude in Degrees
PROJ Map Projection list
PMAT Perspective matrix conversion
col color
GRID logical, TRUE=add grid lines
GRIDcol color for grid lines
LABS vector of labels
LABcol color for labels
BORDER add border
TICS tick marks
xpd logical, expand plotting region (see par)

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

isel1 = which( japmap$STROKES$code != "i" & japmap$STROKES$num>120 )

plotGEOmapXY(japmap, PROJ=PROJ,SEL=isel1, add=FALSE, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="")

A = PLOC
8 addTIX

PLAT = pretty(A$LAT)
PLAT = c(min(A$LAT), PLAT[PLAT>min(A$LAT) & PLAT<max(A$LAT)],max(A$LAT))
PLON = pretty(A$LON)
PLON = c(min(A$LON), PLON[PLON>min(A$LON) & PLON<max(A$LON)],
max(A$LON))

addLLXY(PLAT, PLON, PROJ=PROJ, LABS=TRUE, PMAT=NULL, TICS=c(.1,.1) )

###############

addTIX Add Tic marks to map

Description
Add Tic marks to map

Usage
addTIX(lats, lons, PROJ = list(), PMAT = NULL,
col = gray(0.7), TICS = c(1, 1), OUTER = TRUE,
sides = c(1, 2, 3, 4))

Arguments
lats Latitudes in Degrees
lons Longitude in Degrees
PROJ Map Projection list
PMAT Perspective matrix conversion
col color
TICS tic labels
OUTER logical
sides sides, 1,2,3,4

Details
attempts to make correct default values

Value
Graphical Side Effects
along.great 9

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

##########3 this program is run internally

PLOC=list(LON=c(137.008, 141.000),
LAT=c(34.000, 36.992),
x=c(137.008, 141.000),
y=c(34.000, 36.992))

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

gxy = GLOB.XY(PLOC$LAT, PLOC$LON, PROJ)

PLAT = pretty(PLOC$LAT)

PLAT = c(min(PLOC$LAT),PLAT[PLAT>min(PLOC$LAT)&PLAT<max(PLOC$LAT)],max(PLOC$LAT))

PLON = pretty(PLOC$LON)

PLON = c(min(PLOC$LON), PLON[PLON>min(PLOC$LON)&PLON<max(PLOC$LON)], max(PLOC$LON))

plot(gxy$x, gxy$y, asp=TRUE)

addTIX(PLAT, PLON, PMAT=NULL, col='red', TICS=c(.1,.1), PROJ=PROJ)

along.great Along A great Arc

Description
Calculate points along a great arc
10 antipolygon

Usage
along.great(phi1, lam0, c, Az)

Arguments
phi1 start lat, radians
lam0 start lon, radians
c distance, radians
Az Azimuthal direction, radiansm

Details
All input and output is radians

Value
List:

phi latitudes, radians

lam longitudes, radians

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
lat1 <- 48.856578
lon1 <- 2.351828

A = along.great(lat1pi/180, lon1pi/180, 50pi/180, -63pi/180)

lat=A$phi*180/pi
lon = A$lam*180/pi

antipolygon Fill the complement of a polygon

Description
Fill a plot with a color outside the confines of a polygon.

Usage
antipolygon(x, y, col = 0, corner=1, pct=.4)
antipolygon 11

Arguments
x x coordinates of polygon
y y coordinates of polygon
col Fill color
corner Corner on the plot to connect to at the end: 1 = LowerLeft(default) ; 2:UpperLeft
3 = UpperRight; 4=LowerRight
pct Decimal percent of usr coordinates to expand beyond the polygon

Details
antipolygon uses par("usr") to determine the external bounds of plotting region. Corners are labels
from bottom left counter-clockwise, 1-4.

Value
List:
x x-coordinates of mask
y y-coordinates of mask
Used for graphical side effect

Note
If the figure is resized after plotting, filling may not appear correct.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

######### some data points to plot:

plot(x,y)
########### create polygon:
pp =list(x=c(0.231,0.316,0.169,0.343,0.311,0.484,0.757,
0.555,0.800,0.563,0.427,0.412,0.203),
y=c(0.774,0.622,0.401,0.386,0.138,0.312,0.200,0.459,
0.658,0.624,0.954,0.686,0.813))

polygon(pp)
12 BASICTOPOMAP

antipolygon(x=pp$x, y=pp$y,col='blue')
#### where as this does not look so good
plot(x,y)
antipolygon(x=pp$x, y=pp$y,col='blue', corner=2)

BASICTOPOMAP Basic Topogrpahy Map

Description
Basic Topogrpahy Map

Usage
BASICTOPOMAP(xo, yo, DOIMG, DOCONT, UZ, AZ, IZ, perim, PLAT, PLON,
PROJ = PROJ, pnts = NULL, GRIDcol = NULL)

Arguments
xo vector of x-coordinates
yo vector of y-coordinates
DOIMG logical, add image
DOCONT logical, add contours
UZ matrix of image values under sea level
AZ matrix of image values above sea level
IZ matrix of image values
perim perimeter vectors
PLAT latitudes for tic-marks
PLON longitude for tic-marks
PROJ projection list
pnts points to add to plot
GRIDcol color for grid

Details
Image is processed prior to calling

Value
Graphical Side effects
BASICTOPOMAP 13

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

### target region

PLOC= list(LON=c(138.3152, 139.0214),
LAT=c(35.09047, 35.57324))

PLOC$x =PLOC$LON
PLOC$y =PLOC$LAT

#### set up projection

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

########## select data from the topo data internal to the target
topotemp = list(lon=fujitopo$lon, lat= fujitopo$lat, z=fujitopo$z)

#### project target

A = GLOB.XY(PLOC$LAT , PLOC$LON , PROJ)

####### select topo

selectionflag = topotemp$lat>+PLOC$LAT[1] & topotemp$lat<=PLOC$LAT[2] &
topotemp$lon>+PLOC$LON[1] & topotemp$lon<=PLOC$LON[2]

### project topo data

B = GLOB.XY( topotemp$lat[selectionflag] ,topotemp$lon[selectionflag] , PROJ)

### set up out put matrix:

### xo = seq(from=range(A$x)[1], to=range(A$x)[2], length=200)
### yo = seq(from=range(A$y)[1], to=range(A$y)[2], length=200)
14 bcars

####### interpolation using akima

### IZ = interp(x=B$x , y=B$y, z=topotemp$z[selectionflag] , xo=xo, yo=yo)
DF = cbind(x=B$x , y=B$y , z=topotemp$z[selectionflag])
IZ = mba.surf(DF, 200, 200, extend=TRUE)$xyz.est

xo = IZ[[1]]
yo = IZ[[2]]

### image(IZ)

####### underwater section

UZ = IZ$z
UZ[IZ$z>=0] = NA
#### above sea level
AZ = IZ$z
AZ[IZ$z<=-.01] = NA

#### create perimeter:

perim= getGEOperim(PLOC$LON, PLOC$LAT, PROJ, 50)

### lats for tic marks:

PLAT = pretty(PLOC$LAT)

PLAT = c(min(PLOC$LAT),
PLAT[PLAT>min(PLOC$LAT) & PLAT<max(PLOC$LAT)],max(PLOC$LAT))
PLON = pretty(PLOC$LON)

### main program:

DOIMG = TRUE
DOCONT = TRUE
PNTS = NULL

BASICTOPOMAP(xo, yo , DOIMG, DOCONT, UZ, AZ, IZ, perim, PLAT, PLON,

PROJ=PROJ, pnts=NULL, GRIDcol=NULL)

### add in the map information

plotGEOmapXY(japmap, LIM=c(PLOC$LON[1], PLOC$LAT[1],PLOC$LON[2],
PLOC$LAT[2]) , PROJ=PROJ, add=TRUE )

## End(Not run)

bcars Plot Box Cars

Description
Add Box Cars to a line.
bcars 15

Usage
bcars(x, y, h1 = 1, h2 = 0.3, rot, col = "black", border = "black")

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
h1 length, mm
h2 thickness, mm
rot rotation vectors, (cosines and sines)
col color
border color

Details
Used for plotting detachment faults in USGS format.

Value
Graphical Side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
G=list()
G$x=c(-1.0960,-0.9942,-0.8909,-0.7846,-0.6738,-0.5570,-0.4657,-0.3709,
-0.2734,-0.1740,-0.0734, 0.0246, 0.1218, 0.2169, 0.3086, 0.3956, 0.4641,
0.5293, 0.5919, 0.6530, 0.7131)
G$y=c(-0.72392,-0.62145,-0.52135,-0.42599,-0.33774,-0.25896,-0.20759,
-0.16160,-0.11981,-0.08105,-0.04414,-0.00885, 0.02774, 0.06759, 0.11262,
0.16480, 0.21487, 0.27001, 0.32895, 0.39044, 0.45319)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=6)

sk = 3

###############
plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

lines(G$x,G$y,col='blue')
bcars(g$x,g$y,h1=sk,h2=sk*.5, rot=g$rot , col='blue')

###############
16 boundGEOmap

plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

lines(G$x,G$y,col='blue')
bcars(g$x,g$y,h1=sk,h2=sk*.5, rot=g$rot , col=NA, border='blue')

boundGEOmap Set Bounds for GEOmap

Description
Given a GEOmap strucutre, set the bounds for the strokes.

Usage
boundGEOmap(MAP, NEGLON = FALSE, projtype = 2)

Arguments
MAP GEOmap structure
NEGLON whether to allow negative longitudes
projtype suggestion (local) map projection to use when getting bounds

Details
Used to rectify a new map after reading in from ascii file. Can take GMT map ascii map files and
convert to GEOmap.

Value
List structure:

STROKES list(nam, num, index, col, style, code, LAT1, LAT2, LON1, LON2)
POINTS list(lat, lon)
PROJ list(type, LAT0, LON0, LAT1, LAT2, LATS, LONS, DLAT, DLON, FE, FN,
name)

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

CCcheck Counter Clockwise check

Description
Check for counter-clockwise orientation for polygons. Positive is counterclockwise.

Usage
CCcheck(Z)

Arguments
Z list(x,y)

Details
Uses sign of the area of the polygon to determine polarity.

Value
j sign of area

Note
Based on the idea calculated area of a polygon.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

Y=list()
Y$x=c(170,175,184,191,194,190,177,166,162,164)
Y$y=c(-54,-60,-60,-50,-26,8,34,37,10,-15)

plot(c(160, 200),c(-85, 85), type='n')

18 ccw

points(Y)
lines(Y)

CCcheck(Y)

Z = list(x=rev(Y$x), y=rev(Y$y))

CCcheck(Z)

ccw Counter Clockwise Whorl

Description
Used for determining if points are in polygons.

Usage
ccw(p0, p1, p2)

Arguments
p0 point 0
p1 point 1
p2 point 2

Value
returns 1 or 0 depending on position of points

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

l1 = list(p1=list(x=0, y=0), p2=list(x=1,y=1))

l2 = list(p1=list(x=6, y=4), p2=list(x=-1,y=-12))

ccw(l1$p1, l1$p2, l2$p1)

coastmap 19

coastmap Global Coast Map

Description
Global Maps of Coast

Usage
data(coastmap)

Format
List structure:

STROKES list(nam, num, index, col, style, code, LAT1, LAT2, LON1, LON2)
POINTS list(lat, lon)
PROJ list(type, LAT0, LON0, LAT1, LAT2, LATS, LONS, DLAT, DLON, FE, FN, name)

Details
This map list is used for filling in coastal lines for global maps. The style=3 is for filling in polygons.
The strokes are named for easier access to particular parts ofthe globe. Asia and Africa are one
stroke, as are North and South America. there are currently three codes: C=major coast, c=smaller
coasts, L=interior lakes.

Examples
data(coastmap)
####### see the codes:
unique(coastmap$STROKES$code)
######### see the different names:
unique(coastmap$STROKES$nam)

######### change the colors based on code

coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="C" ] = rgb(1, .6, .6)
coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="c" ] = rgb(1, .9, .9)
coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="L" ] = rgb(.6, .6, 1)

plotGEOmap(coastmap , border='black' , add=FALSE, xaxs='i')

##
20 ColorScale

ColorScale Color Scale

Description
Graded Color Scale position by locator

Usage
ColorScale(z, loc = list(x = 0, y = 0), thick=1, len=1, offset=.2, col
= rainbow(100),border='black', gradcol='black',numbcol='black', unitscol='black',
units = "", SIDE = 1, font = 1, fontindex =1, cex=1)

Arguments
z values to be scaled
loc x-y location boundary of plotting area, user coordinates
thick width of scale bar in inches
len length of scale bar in inches
offset offset from border, in inches
col color palette
border color for border of scale, NA=do not plot
gradcol color for gradiation marks of scale, NA=do not plot
numbcol color for number values of scale, NA=do not plot
unitscol color for units character string, NA=do not plot
units character, units for values
SIDE side, 1,2,3,4 as in axis
font vfont number
fontindex font index number
cex character expansion, see par for details

Details
Locations (loc) are given in User coordinates. The scale is plotted relative to the location provided
in user coordinates and offset by so many inches outside that unit. to get a scale plotted on the
interior of a plot, send ColorScale a rectangular box inside the plotting region and give it a 0 offset.
All other measures are given in inches. To suppress the plotting of a particular item, indicate NA
for its color.
Since the list of the bounding box is returned, this can be used to modify the text, e.g. change the
way the units are displayed.
ColorScale 21

Value
list Graphical Side effects and list of bounding box for color scale:
x x coordinates of box
y y coordinates of box

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

z=volcano

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, SIDE = 1)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, SIDE = 2)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, SIDE = 3)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, SIDE = 4)

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

XAX = pretty(x)
XAX = XAX[XAX>=min(x) & XAX<=max(x)]

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

22 ColorScale

YAX = pretty(y)
YAX = YAX[YAX>=min(y) & YAX<=max(y)]

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y))

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,offset=.8,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, SIDE = 1)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.8 ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 2,SIDE = 2)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 3)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 4)

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

XAX = pretty(x)
XAX = XAX[XAX>=min(x) & XAX<=max(x)]

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

YAX = pretty(y)
YAX = YAX[YAX>=min(y) & YAX<=max(y)]

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y))

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) , offset=.8, gradcol= NA,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, SIDE = 1)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.8 ,numbcol

= NA,
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 2,SIDE = 2)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2

,unitscol = NA,
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 3)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,border

= NA, gradcol = 'black', numbcol = 'blue', unitscol = 'purple',
ColorScale 23

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, fontindex = 3, SIDE

= 4)

###########################

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

XAX = pretty(x)
XAX = XAX[XAX>=min(x) & XAX<=max(x)]

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

YAX = pretty(y)
YAX = YAX[YAX>=min(y) & YAX<=max(y)]

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y))

B = ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,border

= NA, gradcol = NA, numbcol = NA, unitscol = NA,
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 3)

text(mean(B$x), B$y[2], "scaled data", pos=3, xpd=TRUE)

text(B$x[1], mean(B$y), min(volcano), pos=2, xpd=TRUE)

text(B$x[2], mean(B$y), max(volcano), pos=4, xpd=TRUE)

########################### dark background

par(fg="white")
par(bg="black")
par(col.axis="white", col.lab="white", col.main="white", col.sub="white")

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE,

fg='white' )
image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

XAX = pretty(x)
XAX = XAX[XAX>=min(x) & XAX<=max(x)]

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

YAX = pretty(y)
YAX = YAX[YAX>=min(y) & YAX<=max(y)]

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y), border='white')

24 darc

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,offset=.6,

gradcol= 'black', unitscol =rgb(.9, .9, 1) , numbcol =rgb(.9, 1, .9) , border="white",
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 1)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.8

,numbcol= rgb(1, .85, .85) ,
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 2,SIDE = 2)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2,unitscol = NA,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 3)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,border

= NA, gradcol = 'white', numbcol = 'blue', unitscol = 'purple',
col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 2, fontindex = 3, SIDE = 4)

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE,

fg='white' )

XAX = pretty(x)
XAX = XAX[XAX>=min(x) & XAX<=max(x)]

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

YAX = pretty(y)
YAX = YAX[YAX>=min(y) & YAX<=max(y)]

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y), border='black')

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=c(20, 40), y=c(10, 40)), thick=.2, offset=0 ,

col = rainbow(100), units = "Elev:m", font = 1, fontindex = 2,SIDE
= 2, cex=.5)

darc Circular Arc

darc 25

Description

Draw acircular arc from angle 1 to angle 2 at a given location.

Usage

darc(rad = 1, ang1 = 0, ang2 = 360, x1 = 0, y1 = 0, n = 1)

Arguments

rad radius
ang1 angle 1, degrees
ang2 angle 2, degrees
x1 x location, plot coordinates
y1 y location, plot coordinates
n increment for number of segments, degrees

Details

If angle1 > angle2 arc is drawn in opposite direction

Value

list(x,y)

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

plot(c(0,1), c(0,1), type='n', ann=FALSE, asp=1)

A = darc(.3, 23, 47, .5, .5, n=1)

lines(A$x, A$y)
26 DATUMinfo

DATUMinfo Datum information.

Description
Return a small data base of Datum values for use in UTM projections.

Usage
DATUMinfo()

Details
The function just return a list with the relavent information.

Value
List:

Datum character name

Equatorial Radius, meters (a)
numeric
Polar Radius, meters (b)
numeric
Flattening (a-b)/a
numeric
Use character usage

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
websource = https://stevedutch.net/usefuldata/utmformulas.htm

demcmap Color Map from DEM

Description
create a color map from a DEM (Digital Elevation Map)

Usage
demcmap(ZTOPO, n = 100, ccol = NULL)

Arguments
ZTOPO Topography structure
n number of colors
ccol color structure

Value
vector of rgb colors

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

difflon Difference between Longitudes

Description
Difference between Longitudes

Usage
difflon(LON1, LON2)

Arguments
LON1 Longitude in degrees
LON2 Longitude in degrees
28 distaz

Details
takes into account crossing the zero longitude

Value
deg degrees difference
sn direction of rotation

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

Examples

difflon( 34 , 67)

### here we cross the zero line

difflon( 344 , 67)

distaz Distance and Azimuth from two points

Description
Calculate distance, Azimuth and Back-Azimuth from two points on Globe.

Usage
distaz(olat, olon, tlat, tlon)

Arguments
olat origin latitude, degrees
olon origin longitude, degrees
tlat target latitude, degrees
tlon target longitude, degrees

Details
Program is set up for one origin (olat, olon) pair and many target (tlat, tlon) pairs given as vectors.
If multiple olat and olon are given, the program returns a list of outputs for each.
If olat or any tlat is greater than 90 or less than -90 NA is returned and error flag is 0.
If any tlat and tlon is equal to olat and olon, the points are coincident. In that case the distances are
set to zero, but the az and baz are NA, and the error flag is set to 0.
distaz 29

Value
List:
del Delta, angle in degrees
az Azimuth, angle in degrees
baz back Azimuth, (az+180) in degrees
dist distance in km
err 0 or 1, error flag. 0=error, 1=no error, see details

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

#### one point

d = distaz(12, 23, -32, -65)
d

#### many random target points

org = c(80.222, -100.940)
targ = cbind(runif(10, 10, 50), runif(10, 20, 100))

distaz(org[1], org[2], targ[,1], targ[,2])

############ if origin and target are identical

##### the distance is zero, but the az and baz are not defined
distaz(80.222, -100.940, 80.222, -100.940)

######################## set one of the targets equal to the origin

targ[7,1] = org[1]
targ[7,2] = org[2]

distaz(org[1], org[2], targ[,1], targ[,2])

#### put in erroneous latitude data

targ[3,1] = -91.3

distaz(org[1], org[2], targ[,1], targ[,2])

30 dms

dms Convert decimal degrees to degree, minutes, seconds

Description

Convert decimal degrees to degree, minutes, seconds

Usage

dms(d1)

Arguments

d1 decomal degrees

Value

list

d degrees
m minutes
s seconds

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

dms(33.12345)

H = dms(-91.8765)

print(H)

newH = H$d+H$m/60+H$s/3600
print(newH)
DUMPLOC 31

DUMPLOC DUMP vectors to screen in list format

Description

For saving vectors to a file after the locator function has been executed.

Usage

DUMPLOC(zloc, dig = 12)

Arguments

zloc x,y list of locator positions

dig number of digits in output

Value

Side effects: print to screen

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

G=list()
G$x=c(-1.0960,-0.9942,-0.8909,-0.7846,-0.6738,-0.5570,-0.4657,-0.3709,
-0.2734,-0.1740,-0.0734, 0.0246, 0.1218, 0.2169, 0.3086, 0.3956, 0.4641,
0.5293, 0.5919, 0.6530, 0.7131)
G$y=c(-0.72392,-0.62145,-0.52135,-0.42599,-0.33774,-0.25896,-0.20759,
-0.16160,-0.11981,-0.08105,-0.04414,-0.00885, 0.02774, 0.06759, 0.11262,
0.16480, 0.21487, 0.27001, 0.32895, 0.39044, 0.45319)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=3)

DUMPLOC(g, dig = 5)
32 Ellipsoidal.Distance

EHB.LLZ Earthquake Location Data

Description
Global Earthquake catalog locations from Engdahl, et al.

Usage
data(EHB.LLZ)

Format
lat Latitude
lon Longitude
z depth in km

Source
Data is extrcted from an earthquake data base of relocated events provided by Robert Engdahl.

References
Engdahl, E. R., R. D. van der Hilst, S. H. Kirby, G. Ekstrom, K. M. Shedlock, and A. F. Sheehan
(1998), A global survey of slab structures and internal processes using a combined data base of
high-resolution earthquake hypocenters, tomographic images and focal mechanism data, Seismol.
Res. Lett., 69, 153-154.

Examples
data(EHB.LLZ)
## maybe str(EHB.LLZ) ; plot(EHB.LLZ) ...

Ellipsoidal.Distance Ellipsoidal Distance

Description
Ellipsoidal Distance given Latitude and Longitude

Usage
Ellipsoidal.Distance(olat, olon, tlat, tlon, a = 6378137, b = 6356752.314, tol=10^(-12))
Ellipsoidal.Distance 33

Arguments
olat Origin Latitude, degrees
olon Origin Longitude, degrees
tlat Target Latitude, degrees
tlon Target Longitude, degrees
a major axis, meters. If missing uses the
b minor axis, meters
tol Tolerance for convergence, default=10^(-12)

Details
Uses Vincenty’s formulation to calculate the distance along a great circle on an ellipsoidal body.
If a and be are not provided, they are set by default to a=6378137.0 , b=6356752.314, the WGS-84
standard.
Only one pair of (olat, olon) and (tlat, tlon) can be given at a time. The program is not vectorized.
Quoting from the wiki page this algorithm was extracted from:
"Vincenty’s formulae are two related iterative methods used in geodesy to calculate the distance
between two points on the surface of an spheroid, developed by Thaddeus Vincenty in 1975. They
are based on the assumption that the figure of the Earth is an oblate spheroid, and hence are more
accurate than methods such as great-circle distance which assume a spherical Earth.
The first (direct) method computes the location of a point which is a given distance and azimuth
(direction) from another point. The second (inverse) method computes the geographical distance
and azimuth between two given points. They have been widely used in geodesy because they are
accurate to within 0.5 mm (.020 sec) on the Earth ellipsoid"

Value
list
dist distance, km
az azimuth, degrees
revaz reverse azimuth, degrees
err =0, if convergence failed, else=1

Note
Latitudes >90 and < -90 are not allowed. NA’s are returned.
If points are identical, a distance of zero is returned and NA for the azimuths. If there is some
problems with convergence or division by zero, NA’s are returned and error message is printed.
A couple of known cases that do not work are, e.g.: (olat=0; olon=0; tlat=0; tlon=-180) and (olat=0;
olon=0; tlat=0; tlon=180). They will return NA’s to avoid division by zero.
I am not sure how to deal with these cases yet.
The reverse azimuth is the angle from the meridian on the target point to the great circle from the
origin to the target (as far as I can tell). If distaz and Ellipsoidal.Distance are compared, they give
34 Ellipsoidal.Distance

the same azimuth, and the absolute angles of baz (from distaz) and revaz (from Ellipsoidal.Distance)
will add to 180 degrees.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenty%27s_formulae
Vincenty, T. (April 1975). Direct and Inverse Solutions of Geodesics on the Ellipsoid with ap-
plication of nested equations. Survey Review XXIII (misprinted as XXII) (176): 88.201393.
http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/inverse.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-11.

#### compare to spheroidal calculation distaz

####

R.MAPK = 6378.2064
N =20

OUT = list(dadist=0, ed2dist=0, ed1dist=0, dif2=0, dif1=0, pct1=0)

for( i in 1:N)
{

olat = runif(1, -90, 90)

olon = runif(1, 0, 180)

tlat = runif(1, -90, 90)

tlon = runif(1, 0, 180)

########## older spherical calculation

da = distaz(olat, olon, tlat, tlon)
##### ed1 = elliposidal earth
ed1 = Ellipsoidal.Distance(olat, olon, tlat, tlon)
##### ed2 spherical earth using
############ ellipsoidal calculations, compare with
distaz
ed2 = Ellipsoidal.Distance(olat, olon, tlat, tlon, a=R.MAPK*1000, b=R.MAPK*1000)

dif1 = da$dist-ed1$dis
dif2 = da$dist-ed2$dis

pct1 = 100*dif1/ed1$dist
Ellipsoidal.Distance 35

############## OUT = format( c(da$dist, ed2$dist, ed1$dist, dif2, dif1, pct1) , digits=10)

OUT$dadist[i] =da$dist
OUT$ed2dist[i] =ed2$dist
OUT$ed1dist[i]=ed1$dist
OUT$dif2[i]= dif2
OUT$dif1[i]=dif1
OUT$pct1[i]=pct1

###cat(paste(collapse=" ", OUT), sep="\n")

print( data.frame(OUT) )

############### some extreme cases can cause problems

####### here compare Ellipsoidal.Distance with spherical program distaz

Alat = c(90, 90, 90, 90, 45, 45, 45, 45, 0, 0, 0, 0)

Alon = c(180, 180,-180, -180, 45, 45, 45, 45, 0, 0, 0, 0)
Blat = c(-90, -45, 0, 45, -45, 0, 0, -80, 45, 0, 0, 0)
Blon = c(180,-180, 180, 0, -45, 0, -180, 100, -60, -180, 180, 0)

BOUT = list(olat=0, olon=0, tlat=0, tlon=0, dadist=0, ed2dist=0, daaz=0, ed2az=0, dabaz=0, ed2baz=0)

R.MAPK = 6378.2064
for(i in 1:length(Alat))
{

olat = Alat[i]
olon = Alon[i]
tlat = Blat[i]
tlon = Blon[i]

da = distaz(olat, olon, tlat, tlon)

ed2 = Ellipsoidal.Distance(olat, olon, tlat, tlon, a=R.MAPK*1000, b=R.MAPK*1000)
cat(paste("i=", i), sep="\n")

BOUT$olon[i] =olon
BOUT$olat[i] =olat
BOUT$tlat[i] =tlat
BOUT$tlon[i] =tlon

BOUT$dadist[i] =da$dist
BOUT$ed2dist[i] =ed2$dist

BOUT$daaz[i]= da$az
36 eqswath

BOUT$dabaz[i]= da$baz

BOUT$ed2az[i]= ed2$az
BOUT$ed2baz[i]= ed2$revaz

print(data.frame(BOUT))

eqswath Extract a set of eathquakes in swath along a cross sectional line

Description
Extract a set of eathquakes in swath along a cross sectional line

Usage
eqswath(x, y, z, L, width = 1, PROJ = NULL)

Arguments
x x-coordinates of earthquakes
y y-coordinates of earthquakes
z z-coordinates of earthquakes
L list of x-y coordinates of cross section
width width of swath (km)
PROJ projection information

Details
All units should be the same.

Value
r r-distance along cross section (x-coordinate)
dh distance from cross seection
depth depth in cross section (y-coordinate)
flag index vector of which earthquakes fell in swath and depth range
InvBox coordinates of swath for plotting on map
ExcludeGEOmap 37

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

############# create data

x = runif(100, 1, 100)
y = runif(100, 1, 100)
z = runif(100, 1, 10)
plot(x,y, asp=1)
## L = locator()

L=list()
L$x=c( 5.42328560757,64.62879777806)
L$y=c(89.843266449785,-0.174423911329)

J = eqswath(x, y, z, L, width = 10, PROJ = NULL)

########## show box:

plot(x,y, asp=1)
lines(J$InvBox$x, J$InvBox$y)

############ show cross section with events plotted

plot(J$r, -J$depth)

ExcludeGEOmap Exclude GEOmap Strokes

Description
Select sections of a MAP-list structure based on stroke index

Usage
ExcludeGEOmap(MAP, SEL, INOUT = "out")

Arguments
MAP Map List
SEL Selection of stroke indeces to include or exclude
INOUT text, "in" means include, "out" means exclude
38 expandbound

Value
MAP list

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
getGEOmap, plotGEOmap, SELGEOmap, boundGEOmap

Examples
data(coastmap)

### extract (include) the first 6 strokes from world map

A1 = ExcludeGEOmap(coastmap, 1:6, INOUT="in")

print(A1$STROKES$nam)

expandbound Expand Bounds

Description
Calculate an expanded bounding region based on a percent of the existing boundaries

Usage
expandbound(g, pct = 0.1)

Arguments
g vector of values
pct fractional percent to expand

Details
uses the range of the exising vector to estimate the expanded bound

Value
vector, new range
explode 39

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

i = 5:10
exi = expandbound(i, pct = 0.1)
range(i)
range(exi)

explode Explode Points

Description
Explode a set of points away from a center point

Usage
explode(fxy, dixplo=1, mult=1, cenx=0, ceny=0, PLOT=FALSE)

Arguments
fxy list of x, y coordinates
dixplo distance to explode
mult multiplier for the distance
cenx x coordinate center of explosion
ceny y coordinate center of explosion
PLOT logical, TRUE=make a plot of the resulting explosion

Details
If cenx and ceny is missing it is assumed to be the mean of the coordinates. Program calculates the
new locations radiating away from the central point. No protection against overlapping symbols is
included.

Value
list of new x,y values

x new x coordinates
y new y coordinates
40 ExplodeSymbols

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

############ random data

x = rnorm(20)
y = rnorm(20)

NEW = explode(list(x=x,y=y), dixplo =1)

plot(range(c(x,NEW$x)), range(c(y,NEW$y)), asp=1, type='n')

segments(x,y,NEW$x, NEW$y)
points(x,y, pch=3, col='red')
points(NEW$x, NEW$y, pch=6, col='blue', cex=2)

### try a larger radius:

NEW2 = explode(list(x=x,y=y), dixplo =1.3)
points(NEW2$x, NEW2$y, pch=7, col='brown', cex=2, xpd=TRUE)
arrows(NEW$x, NEW$y,NEW2$x, NEW2$y, col='green' )

##### try with a different center

cenx=-1; ceny=-1
NEW = explode(list(x=x,y=y), dixplo =1, cenx=cenx, ceny=ceny)
plot(range(c(x,NEW$x)), range(c(y,NEW$y)), asp=1, type='n')
points(x,y, pch=3, col='red')
segments(x,y,NEW$x, NEW$y)
points(NEW$x, NEW$y, pch=6, col='blue', cex=2)
points(cenx, ceny, pch=8, col='purple')
text(cenx, ceny, labels="Center Point", pos=1)

ExplodeSymbols Explode symbols that overlap

Description
Interactive program for redistributing symbols for later plotting. Used for Focal Mechanisms.
ExplodeSymbols 41

Usage
ExplodeSymbols(XY, fsiz = 1, STARTXY = NULL, MAP = NULL)

Arguments
XY list of x,y values
fsiz size of the symbol, as a percentage of the user coordinates
STARTXY Starting positions. This is used for multiple sessions where we want to pick up
the previous locations.
MAP Map to plot on the screen, in GEOmap format.

Details
The program is interactive. It starts by plotting the points as symbols. A number of buttons are
provided for exploding the points semi automatically. To move each point click near its current
point, then click at the destination followed by a click on the HAND button. several symbols can
be moved at the same time.
You must click on the screen and on the buttons to get this code working - the program will not
work in batch mode or run as a script You click in the active screen area and then press a button on
top (or bottom) - the button takes your clicks and does something Here are some hints:
Buttons:Buttons appear on top and bottom of the plotting region.
HAND: If you want to move only one symbol (focal mech) click near it and then click where you
want it to go. Then click the HAND button You may click several at once, but for each click oin a
symbol there has to be a click somewhere to relocate it. (i.e. there must be an even number of clicks
on the screen before hitting the HAND button)
SEL: If you want to explode several symbols at once, first select them: click lower left, then upper
right of rectangle enclosing the selection. Once a selection is made it remains active until another
selection is made so you can keep changing the radius and center for different explosions Then click
CIRC.
RECT Choose a rectangle (lower left and upper right), then click RECT for an explosion
RECT2 After selecting, choose a center and a distance. symbols will be moved to a rectangular
perimeter defined by the two points
CIRC After selection, click once for the circle center, and a second time for the radius, then click
CIRC
LINE After selection,will explode the events away from a line, a given distance away. The line is
given by 2 points and the distance by a third perpendicular distance.

Value
list of new x,y values

Note
For now the map is given in lat-lon coordinates- the same as the points being moved. There is no
map projection used.
42 faultdip

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

faultdip Show Fault dip

Description
Show Fault dip

Usage
faultdip(x, y, rot = 0, h = 1, lab = "")

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
rot cosine and sine of rotation
h length of mark
lab labels

Value
Graphical Side effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>
faultperp 43

See Also
perpen, PointsAlong, getsplineG

Examples

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=5)

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

lines(G)

angs = 180*atan(g$rot$sn/g$rot$cs)/pi
faultdip(g$x , g$y , rot=angs, h=.5, lab='')

faultperp Fault Perpendiculars

Description
Draw perpendicular marks on fault trace

Usage
faultperp(x, y, N = 20, endtol = 0.1, h = 1, col = "black")

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
N number of points
endtol indent on either ends
h length of perpendicular marks
col color of line

Value
Graphical Side effect
44 fixCoastwrap

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

OverTurned

Examples

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=5)

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

lines(G)

faultperp(G$x, G$y, N = 10, endtol = 0.1, h = .3, col = "black")

fixCoastwrap Correct the Wrapping problem

Description

Correct wrapping for GEOmaps

Usage

fixCoastwrap(Z, maxdis = 100)

Arguments

Z list of x, y
maxdis maximum distance for differences

Details

Based on mapswrap program

gclc 45

Value
List:

x x-coordinates (longitudes)
y y-coordinates (latitudes)

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
data(coastmap)
SEL = which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="AFROASIA")

A = ExcludeGEOmap(coastmap, SEL, INOUT="in")

plot(A$POINTS$lon, A$POINTS$lat, type='n')

points(A$POINTS$lon, A$POINTS$lat, pch='.')

###### note that the map wraps around.

B = fixCoastwrap(list(x=A$POINTS$lon, y=A$POINTS$lat), 100)

which(is.na(B$x))

lines(B)

polygon(B, col=rgb(.8,1, .8))

gclc Global to local coordinates

Description
OLD projection sometimes used in Lees’ tomography. No need for projection data, it is included in
the code.

Usage
gclc(phiorg, lamorg, phi, lam)
46 geoarea

Arguments
phiorg lat origin
lamorg lon origin
phi lat
lam lon

Details
This may be defunct now.

Value
x coordinate, km
y coordinate, km

Note
Orignally from R. S. Crosson

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

geoarea Area of Map objects

Description
vector of areas of polygons in map

Usage
geoarea(MAP, proj=NULL, ncut=10)

Arguments
MAP Map structure
proj projection
ncut minimum number of points in polygon
geoLEGEND 47

Details
Uses splancs function. If proj is NULL then the project is reset to UTM spherical for each element
seperately to calculate the area in km. ncut is used to eliminate area calculations with strokes less
than the specified number.

Value
vector of areas

Note
areas smaller than a certain tolerance are NA

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

geoLEGEND Geological legend from GEOmap Structure

Description
Create and add Geological legend from GEOmap Structure

Usage
geoLEGEND(names, shades, zx, zy, nx, ny, side=1, cex=0.5)

Arguments
names namesof units
shades colorsof units
zx width of box, mm
zy height of box, mm
nx number of boxes in x-direction
ny number of boxes in y-direction
side Side of the plot for the legend (1,2,3,4)
cex Character expansion for text in legend

Details
Adds geological legend based on information provided. Legend is placed in margin.

Value
Graphical Side Effects
48 geoLEGEND

Note
If plot is resized, should re-run this as the units depend on the screen size information and the
transformation of user coordinates.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

## Not run:

library(RPMG)
library(RSEIS)
library(GEOmap)
library(geomapdata)

data(cosogeol)
data(cosomap)
data(faults)
data(hiways)
data(owens)

proj = cosomap$PROJ

XMCOL = setXMCOL()

newcol = XMCOL[cosogeol$STROKES$col+1]
cosocolnums = cosogeol$STROKES$col
cosogeol$STROKES$col = newcol
ss = strsplit(cosogeol$STROKES$nam, split="_")

geo = unlist(sapply(ss , "[[", 1))

UGEO = unique(geo)

mgeo = match( geo, UGEO )

gcol = paste(sep=".", geo, cosogeol$STROKES$col)

ucol = unique(gcol)

N = length(ucol)

spucol = strsplit(ucol,split="\.")
geoLEGEND 49

names = unlist(sapply(spucol , "[[", 1))

shades = unlist(sapply(spucol , "[[", 2))

ORDN = order(names)
### example:

par(mai=c(0.5, 1.5, 0.5, 0.5) )

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosogeol, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

geoLEGEND(names[ORDN], shades[ORDN], .28, .14, 4, 16, side=2)

####
par(mai=c(0.5, 0.5, 1.0, 0.5) )

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosogeol, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

geoLEGEND(names[ORDN], shades[ORDN], .28, .14, 16, 6, side=3)

####
par(mai=c(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1) )

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosogeol, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

geoLEGEND(names[ORDN], shades[ORDN], .28, .14, 3, 16, side=4)

####
par(mai=c(1.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5) )

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosogeol, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

geoLEGEND(names[ORDN], shades[ORDN], .28, .14, 16, 3, side=1)

## End(Not run)
50 GEOmap.breakpoly

GEOmap.breakline Break a line at specified indeces into a list

Description
Break a line at specified indices into a list

Usage
GEOmap.breakline(Z, ww)

Arguments
Z list of x,y location values
ww index vector of break locations

Value
newx list x of strokes
newy list y of strokes

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

Y=list()
Y$x=c(170,175,184,191,194,190,177,166,162,164)
Y$y=c(-54,-60,-60,-50,-26,8,34,37,10,-15)

GEOmap.breakline(Y, 5)

GEOmap.breakpoly Break up a polygon

Description
Break up a polygon

Usage
GEOmap.breakpoly(Z, ww)
GEOmap.cat 51

Arguments
Z list, x,y locations
ww vector of indecies where NAs occur

Details
The NA values in Z represent breaks. GEOmap.breakpoly breaks the polygon up into individual
strokes. The beginning and the ending of the stroke are combined.

Value
newx list of x values
newy list of y values

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

ww = c(25, 53, 75)

A = list(x=x, y=y)

W = GEOmap.breakpoly(A , ww)

GEOmap.cat Concatenate Two GEOmaps

Description
Combine Two GEOmaps into one

Usage
GEOmap.cat(MAP1, MAP2)
52 GEOmap.CombineStrokes

Arguments
MAP1 GEOmap list
MAP2 GEOmap list

Details
Maps are combine consecutively.

Value
GEOmap list

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
GEOmap.Extract, GEOmap.CombineStrokes, list.GEOmap

Examples

data(coastmap)
CUBA = GEOmap.Extract(coastmap,90, INOUT="in" )

NSAMER = GEOmap.Extract(coastmap,2, INOUT="in" )

AMAP = GEOmap.cat(CUBA, NSAMER)
plotGEOmap(AMAP )

GEOmap.CombineStrokes Combine strokes in a GEOmap list

Description
Combine strokes in a GEOmap list

Usage
GEOmap.CombineStrokes(MAP, SEL)

Arguments
MAP GEOmap list
SEL index of strokes to be combined
GEOmap.Extract 53

Details
Stokes are combined in the order designated by the SEL index vector. The direction of the strokes
is not modified - this may have to be fixed so that strokes align properly.

Value
GEOmap list

STROKES Metadata for strokes

POINTS list, lat=vector, lon=vector

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
GEOmap.cat, GEOmap.Extract, GEOmap.CombineStrokes, list.GEOmap

Examples

data(coastmap)
SEL = which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="Caribbean")

CAR = GEOmap.Extract(coastmap, SEL, INOUT="in" )

plotGEOmap(CAR, MAPstyle=3, NUMB=TRUE)

CAR2 = GEOmap.CombineStrokes(CAR, SEL =c(6:15) )

plotGEOmap(CAR2, MAPstyle=3, MAPcol='red' , add=TRUE)

GEOmap.Extract Extract from GEOmap

Description
Extract or Exclude parts of a GEOmap list.

Usage
GEOmap.Extract(MAP, SEL, INOUT = "out")
fastExtract(MAP, SEL, INOUT = "out")
GEOmap.limit(MAP, LLlim )
54 GEOmap.list

Arguments
MAP GEOmap List
SEL Selection of stroke indeces to include or exclude
INOUT text, "in" means include, "out" means exclude
LLlim vector latlon limits

Details
Can either extract from the GEOmap data list with in, or exclude with out. fastExtract is the same
but may be faster since it does not process all the strokes in the base GEOmap.

Value
GEOmap list

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
GEOmap.cat, GEOmap.Extract, GEOmap.CombineStrokes, list.GEOmap, getGEOmap, plotGE-
Omap, SELGEOmap, boundGEOmap,

Examples
data(coastmap)
SEL=which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="AMERICAS")
NSAMER = GEOmap.Extract(coastmap,SEL, INOUT="in" )
plotGEOmap(NSAMER)

GEOmap.list GEOmap to list

Description
Inverse of list.GEOmap.

Usage
GEOmap.list(MAP, SEL = 1)

Arguments
MAP GEOmap list
SEL index, selecttion of specific strokes
GEOsymbols 55

Details
Returns the GEOmap strokes and instead of a long vector for the points they are broken down into
a list of strokes.

Value
STROKES Metadata for strokes
POINTS list, lat=vector, lon=vector
LL list of lat-lon strokes

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
GEOmap.cat, GEOmap.Extract, GEOmap.CombineStrokes, list.GEOmap

Examples

data(coastmap)
SEL=which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=='CUBA')
G = GEOmap.list(coastmap, SEL=SEL )

### Lat-Lon of Cuba

G$LL

GEOsymbols GEOsymbols

Description
Plot a set of Geological Symbols

Usage
GEOsymbols()

Details
Currently the choices in symbols are:
contact anticline syncline OverTurned-ant OverTurned-syn perp thrust normal dextral sinestral
detachment bcars
56 GEOTOPO

Value
Graphical Side effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
bcars, thrust, teeth, SynAnticline, SSfault, horseshoe, strikeslip, OverTurned, normalfault, PointsA-
long

Examples

GEOsymbols()

GEOTOPO Topographic Plot of geographic region

Description
Extract subset of a topographic database, interpolate and plot using the persp program.

Usage
GEOTOPO(TOPO, PLOC, PROJ, calcol=NULL, nx=500, ny=500, nb = 4, mb = 4, hb = 8, PLOT=TRUE)

Arguments
TOPO list of x,y,z for a DEM
PLOC Location list, includes vectors LON and Lat
PROJ projection
calcol color table for coloring elevations above sea level
nx number of points in x grid, default=500
ny number of points in y grid, default=500
nb see function mba.surf, default = 4
mb see function mba.surf, default = 4
hb see function mba.surf , default= 8
PLOT logical, TRUE=plot a map and return color map
GEOTOPO 57

Details
The return matrix PMAT is a rotation matrix used for adding geographic (projected) data onto the
perspective plot.
ETOPO5 or ETOPO2 can be downloaded from and installed using these links: http://leesj.
sites.oasis.unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO2.RData and http://leesj.sites.oasis.
unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO5.RData

Value
PMAT Matrix from persp, used for adding other geographic information
xo x-coordinates
yo y-coordinates
IZ interpolated elevations
Cmat matrix of RGB Colors
Dcol dimensions of Cmat

Note
If PLOT is false the transform matrix PMAT and the color mapping matrix Cmat will be returned
as NA. To create these for future plotting, use TOPOCOL or LandSeaCol functions. TOPOCOL
simply assigns values above sea level with one color scale and those below with under water colors.
LandSeaCol requires a coastal map and fills in land areas with terrain colors and sea areas with blue
palette colors.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

See Also
subsetTOPO, TOPOCOL, LandSeaCol, settopocol, subsetTOPO, persp, DOTOPOMAPI

Examples

## Not run:

library(geomapdata)

#### need to download and install ETOPO data

### data(ETOPO5)
load(ETOPO5)
PLOC=list(LON=c(137.008, 141.000),LAT=c(34.000, 36.992),
x=c(137.008, 141.000), y=c(34.000, 36.992) )

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

COLS = settopocol()
58 getETOPO

JMAT = GEOTOPO(ETOPO5, PLOC, PROJ, COLS$calcol, nx=1000, ny=1000, nb=8, mb=8, hb=12, PLOT=TRUE)

############ this plot can be duplicated by using the output or GEOTOPO

PMAT = persp(JMAT$xo, JMAT$yo, JMAT$IZ$z, theta = 0, phi = 90, r=4000,

col=JMAT$Cmat[1:(JMAT$Dcol[1]-1), 1:(JMAT$Dcol[2]-1)] , scale = FALSE,
ltheta = 120, lphi=60, shade = 0.75, border = NA, expand=0.001, box = FALSE )

## End(Not run)

getETOPO Get Subset ETOPO Digital elevation map

Description
Extract from ETOPO5 or ETOPO2 data a rectangular subset of the full data.

Usage
getETOPO(topo, glat = c(-90, 90), glon = c(0, 360))

Arguments
topo A DEM matrix, ETOPO5 or ETOPO2
glat 2-vector, latitude limits
glon 2-vector, longitude limits (these are converted 0-360

Details
ETOPO2 and ETOPO5 are stored in a strange way: the lons are okay the latitudes are upside down.
ETOPO5 or ETOPO2 can be downloaded from and installed using these links: http://leesj.
sites.oasis.unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO2.RData and http://leesj.sites.oasis.
unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO5.RData

Value
Returns a matrix with attributes in lat-lon that are correct for usage in image or other R imaging
programs.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>
getGEOmap 59

getGEOmap Get Geomap

Description
Get Geomap from ascii files

Usage
getGEOmap(fn)

Arguments
fn root name

Details
Files are stored as a pair: rootname.strks and rootname.pnts

Value
STROKES List of stroke information:
nam name of stroke
num number of points
index index where points start
col color
style plotting style: 1=point, 2=line,3=polygon
code character, geological code
60 getGEOmap

LAT1 bounding box lower left Lat

LAT2 bounding box upper right Lat
LON1 bounding box lower left Lon
LON2 bounding box upper right Lon
POINTS List of point LL coordinates, list(lat, lon)
PROJ optional projection parameters

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

plotGEOmapXY, boundGEOmap

Examples

## Not run:
library(geomapdata)

data(cosomap)
data(faults)
data(hiways)
data(owens)

cosogeol = getGEOmap("/home/lees/XMdemo/GEOTHERM/cosogeol")

cosogeol = boundGEOmap(cosogeol)

proj = cosomap$PROJ

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosogeol, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(cosomap, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(faults, PROJ=proj, add=TRUE, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## End(Not run)
getGEOperim 61

getGEOperim Get Lat-Lon Perimeter

Description
Get rectangular perimeter of region defined by set of Lat-Lon

Usage
getGEOperim(lon, lat, PROJ, N)

Arguments
lon vector of lons
lat vector of lats
PROJ projection structure
N number of points per side

Details
perimeter is used for antipolygon

Value
List:

x x-coordinates projected
y y-coordinates projected

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

Examples

### target region

PLOC= list(LON=c(138.3152, 139.0214),
LAT=c(35.09047, 35.57324))

PLOC$x =PLOC$LON
PLOC$y =PLOC$LAT

#### set up projection

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )
62 getgreatarc

perim= getGEOperim(PLOC$LON, PLOC$LAT, PROJ, 50)

getgreatarc Great Circle Arc

Description
Get points along great circle between two locations

Usage
getgreatarc(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, num)

Arguments
lat1 Latitude, point 1 (degrees)
lon1 Longitude, point 1 (degrees)
lat2 Latitude, point 2 (degrees)
lon2 Longitude, point 2 (degrees)
num number of points along arc

Value
lat Latitude
lon Longitude

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

g = getgreatarc(PARIS[1],PARIS[2], RIODEJANEIRO[1], RIODEJANEIRO[2],

100)
library(geomapdata)
data(worldmap)

plotGEOmap(worldmap, add=FALSE, shiftlon=180)

lines(g$lon+180, g$lat)
getmagsize 63

getmagsize Earthquake Magnitude based on exponentional

Description
Estimate a size for plotting earthqukes recorded as a logarithmic scale

Usage
getmagsize(mag, minsize = 1, slope = 1, minmag = 0, maxmag = 8, style = 1)

Arguments
mag magnitudes from catalog
minsize minimum size
slope slope for linear scale
minmag min magnitude
maxmag max magnitude
style Style of plotting: 0= all the same size; 1(default): exponential scale; 2=linear
scale

Details
The idea is to have a scale reflect the size of the earthquake. The default style (1) has a few param-
eters left over from old program geotouch.

Value
vector of sizes for plotting

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

mag = 0:9

x = runif(10, 1, 100)
y = runif(10, 1, 100)

g = getmagsize(mag)

plot(c(0, 100), c(0, 100), asp=1, type='n')

points(x, y, pch=1, cex=g)

64 getnicetix

getnicetix Nice Looking Lat-Lon pairs for plotting

Description
Given a set of lat lon pairs, return a new set of tic marks

Usage
getnicetix(lats, lons)

Arguments
lats latitude range
lons longitude range

Value
LAT list output of niceLLtix
LON list output of niceLLtix

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

gloc = XY.GLOB(rx, ry, proj)

G = getnicetix(gloc$lat, gloc$lon)

print(G)
getspline 65

getspline Get a spline curve along a set of points

Description

Get a spline curve along a set of points

Usage

getspline(x, y, kdiv)

Arguments

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
kdiv number of divisions in each sections

Value

LIST:

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )
ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

lines(ff, col='red')
G =getspline(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

lines(G, col='blue')
66 getsplineG

getsplineG Get a spline curve along a set of points

Description

Get a spline curve along a set of points

Usage

getsplineG(x, y, kdiv)

Arguments

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
kdiv number of divisions in each sections

Value

LIST:

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )
ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

lines(ff, col='red')
G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

lines(G, col='blue')
GETXprofile 67

GETXprofile Cross sectional profile through a digital elevation map

Description
Example of how to use RPMG button functions. This example shows how to plot a DEM and
interactively change the plot and find projected cross-sections through a surface.

Usage
GETXprofile(jx, jy, jz, LAB = "A", myloc = NULL, PLOT = FALSE, NEWDEV=TRUE, asp=1)

Arguments
jx, jy locations of grid lines at which the values in ’jz’ are measured.
jz a matrix containing the values to be plotted
LAB Alphanumeric (A-Z) for labeling a cross section
myloc Out put of Locator function
PLOT logical. Plot is created if TRUE
NEWDEV logical. Plot is on a new device if TRUE
asp aspect ration for plotting, see par

Details
The program uses a similar input format as image or contour, with structure from the locator()
function of x and y coordinates that determine where the cross section is to be extracted.

Value
Returns a list of x,z values representing the projected values along the cross section.

RX distance along cross section

RZ values extracted from the elevation map

Note
The program is an auxiliary program provided to illustrate the RPMG interactive R analysis.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

### establish units of image

jx = 10*seq(from=0, to=nx-1)
jy = 10*seq(from=0, to=ny-1)

#### set a letter for the cross section

LAB = LETTERS[1]

### coordinates of cross section on image

### this is normally set by using the locator() function
x1 = 76.47351
y1 = 231.89055
x2 = 739.99746
y2 = 464.08185

## extract and plot cross section

GETXprofile(jx, jy, volcano, myloc=list(x=c(x1, x2), y=c(y1, y2)), LAB=LAB, PLOT=TRUE)

## End(Not run)

GLOB.XY Convert from GLOBAL LAT-LON to X-Y

Description
Convert from GLOBAL LAT-LON to X-Y

Usage
GLOB.XY(LAT, LON, PROJ.DATA)

Arguments
LAT Latitude
LON Longitude
PROJ.DATA Projection list

Details
Units should be given according to the projection. This is the inverse of XY.GLOB.
GLOBE.ORTH 69

Value

x X in whatever units
y Y in whatever units

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References

Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

See Also

XY.GLOB

Examples

proj = setPROJ(type = 2, LAT0 =23, LON0 = 35)

### get lat-lon

LL = XY.GLOB(200, 300, proj)

## find x-y again, should be the same

XY = GLOB.XY(LL$lat, LL$lon, proj)
XY

GLOBE.ORTH Plot globe with orthogonal

Description

Plot globe with orthogonal

Usage

GLOBE.ORTH(lam0, phi1, R = 1, plotmap = TRUE, plotline=TRUE, add=FALSE,

map = coastmap, mapcol = grey(0.2), linecol = grey(0.7), fill=FALSE)
70 GLOBE.ORTH

Arguments
lam0 view origin longitude, degrees
phi1 view origin latitude, degrees
R Radius of sphere, default=1
plotmap logical, default=TRUE, add map
plotline logical, default=TRUE, add grid of lat-lons
add logical, default=FALSE, Do not start a new plot, rather add to existing plot
map GEOmap list
mapcol color for map
linecol color for meridians and parallels
fill fill polygons with color, default=FALSE

Details
Plots whole globe with grid.

Value
Graphical Side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

viewlam = seq(from=0, to=340, by=2)

data(coastmap)

K=1
GLOBE.ORTH(viewlam[K], phi1, R=1, plotmap=TRUE)
######
GLOBE.ORTH 71

OLIM = c(20, 40, 10, 40)

TLIM = c(-20, -10, -30, -10)

olat = runif(1, OLIM[1], OLIM[2])

olon = runif(1, OLIM[3], OLIM[4] )

tlat = runif(1,TLIM[1], TLIM[2] )

tlon = runif(1, TLIM[3], TLIM[4])

GLOBE.ORTH(olon, olat, 1,plotmap=FALSE )

XYorg = ortho.proj(olat, olon, olon, olat, 1)

XYtarg = ortho.proj(tlat, tlon, olon, olat, 1)

points( XYorg , col='red')

points(XYtarg , col='blue')
da = distaz(olat, olon, tlat, tlon)
ed2 = Ellipsoidal.Distance(olat, olon, tlat, tlon, a=R.MAPK*1000, b=R.MAPK*1000)

A = along.great(olat*pi/180, olon*pi/180,
seq(from=0, to=da$del, by=2)*pi/180, da$az*pi/180)

lat=A$phi*180/pi
lon = A$lam*180/pi

XYalong = ortho.proj(lat, lon, olon, olat, 1)

lines(XYalong , col='purple')

M = merid(tlon, lat1=tlat, phi1=olat, lam0=olon, R=1, by=2)

lines(M$x, M$y, col='blue' )

M2 = merid(olon, lat1=olat, phi1=olat, lam0=olon,R=1, by=2)

lines(M2$x, M2$y, col='red' )

leg = c( paste("del=", round(da$del)), paste("DA=", round(da$az),

round(da$baz) ),
paste("ED=", round(ed2$az) , round(ed2$revaz) ))

legend("topleft", legend=leg)
72 GlobeView

GlobeView Global Plot

Description
Plot global view of the earth

Usage
GlobeView(phicen, lamcen, worldmap, MAXR, SEL = 1,
circol = rgb(1, 0.8, 0.8), innercol = "white", linecol = rgb(0, 0, 0),
mapcol = rgb(0, 0, 0), backcol = "white", add=FALSE, antip=TRUE)

Arguments
phicen Latitude
lamcen Longitude
worldmap Map List
MAXR Maximum radius (degrees)
SEL Selection index from map
circol color for concentric circles
innercol inner color
linecol line color, NA=do not plot
mapcol map fill color, NA=do not fill polygon
backcol background color
add logical, FALSE means start a new plot
antip logical, default=TRUE means white out area outside of polygon

Details
Creates a plot of view of the globe from a point in space using an Equal-Area projection. Uses
the lamaz.eqarea routine for projection. (Lambert-Azimuthal Equal Area). Using NA for linecol or
mapcol means do not plot lines or fill polygons respectively.

Value
Perimeter x,y points around the perimeter of the plot

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
plotGEOmap, lamaz.eqarea
gmat 73

Examples

data(coastmap)

phicen =32.20122+5
lamcen = 335.7092+20
MAXR = 100

carolinablue = rgb(83/255, 157/255, 194/255)

SEL=which( coastmap$STROKES$code=="C")
SEL = c(SEL, which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="GreatBritain"),
which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="Japan"), which(coastmap$STROKES$nam=="Ireland"))

PER = GlobeView(phicen, lamcen, SEL=SEL, coastmap, MAXR,

linecol=rgb(.2, .2, .2), mapcol=rgb(.8, .8, .8),
innercol=carolinablue , circol=carolinablue , backcol="white")

gmat Globe Rotation Matrix

Description
Globe Rotation Matrix

Usage
gmat(vec, p, alpha)

Arguments
vec vector axis to rotate about
p translation point (c(0,0,0))
alpha angle to rotate, degrees

Details
Given an arbitrary axis, return matrix for rotation about the axis by alpha degrees.

Value
4 by 4 Matrix for translation and rotation
74 goodticdivs

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
Rogers and Adams

Examples

################ kamchatka

kamlat = c(48.5, 65)

kamlon = c(150, 171)

KAMLAT0=mean(kamlat)
KAMLON0=mean(kamlon)

################ korea

KORlon = c(123,133)
KORlat = c(33,44)

KORLON0=mean(KORlon)
KORLAT0=mean(KORlat)

# convert to cartesian
v1 = ll2xyz(KORLAT0, KORLON0 )
v2 = ll2xyz(KAMLAT0, KAMLON0)

### get cross product

g = X.prod((v1), (v2))

### use dot product to get angle

delta = (180/pi)*acos( sum(v1*v2)/(sqrt(sum(v1^2))*sqrt(sum(v2^2))))

### get rotation matrix

R1 =gmat(g, c(0,0,0) , -delta)

goodticdivs Nice tic division

Description
Determine a reasonable tick division for lat-lon tic marks.
horseshoe 75

Usage

goodticdivs(ddeg)

Arguments

ddeg degree differnce

Details

Designed to give approximately 4-6 divisions for plotting given the range input.

Value

K suggested divisor

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

niceLLtix

Examples

goodticdivs(20)
goodticdivs(100)

horseshoe Horseshoe Symbol

Description

Draw a Horseshoe Symbol

Usage

horseshoe(x, y, r1 = 1, r2 = 1.2, h1 = 0.5, h2 = 0.5, rot = list(cs = 1,

sn = 0), col = "black", lwd = lwd, fill=FALSE)
76 horseshoe

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
r1 x-radius of curled part
r2 y-radius of curled part
h1 length of first leg
h2 length of 2nd leg
rot rotation, cos, sine
col color of teeth and line
lwd line width
fill logical, TRUE=fill

Value
Grapical Side Effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=5)

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

lines(G)

horseshoe(g$x , g$y , r1=.5, r2=.8, h2=0, h1=0, rot=g$rot , col='blue')

### to make a "warm front" use something liek this:

### shorten r2 relative to r1, to get a more squat shape for the half-suns

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

w1=list()
w1$x=c(-1.208, 0.113, 1.242, 2.200, 2.349)
w1$y=c( 3.206, 2.280, 0.344,-2.560,-3.485)
inpoly 77

G =getsplineG(w1$x, w1$y, kdiv=20)

lines(G)
g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=5)

horseshoe(g$x , g$y , r1=.5, r2=.4, h2=0, h1=0, rot=g$rot , col='blue')

inpoly Test set of points for inside/outside polygon

Description
takes a set of points and tests with function inside()

Usage
inpoly(x, y, POK)

Arguments
x x coordinates
y y coordinates
POK polygon structure list x,y

Value
Returns vector of 0,1 for points inside polygon

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

plot(c(-1,1), c(-1,1), type='n')

polygon(H, col=NULL, border=grey(.8))

x = runif(20, -1,1)
y = runif(20, -1,1)
points(list(x=x, y=y) )

inp = inpoly(x, y, H)

text(x[inp==0],y[inp==0], labels="out", pos=1, col='red')

text(x[inp==1],y[inp==1], labels="in", pos=1, col='blue')

insertNA Insert NA in a vector

Description
Inserting NA values in a vector at specific index locations

Usage
insertNA(y, ind)

Arguments
y vector
ind index locations where NA is inserted

Details
The vector is parsed out and NA values are inserted where after the index values provided.

Value
v new vector with NA’s

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
x = 1:10
insertNA(x, 6)
insertvec 79

insertvec Insert a set of values in a vector

Description
Inserting values in a vector at specific index locations

Usage
insertvec(v, ind, val)

Arguments
v vector
ind ndex locations where val is inserted
val some vector of insertion, maybe NA

Details
The vector is parsed out and val values are inserted where after the index values provided.

Value
v new vector with val inserted after the index

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples
x = 1:20

insertvec(x, c(4,17) , NA)

inside Determine if point is inside polygon

Description
Given a polygon and a point, determine if point is internal to polygon. The code counts the number
of intersection the point and a dummy point with a very large x-value makes with the polygon.

Usage
inside(A, POK)
80 inside

Arguments

A Point, list with x, y

POK list of x,y values of polygon

Value

Returns integer, 0=no intersection, 1=intersection

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

See Also

Lintersect, ccw, inpoly

Examples

#### make a polygon:

H=list()
H$x=c(-0.554,-0.258,0.062,0.538,0.701,0.332,
0.34,0.26,-0.189,0.081,0.519,0.644,0.264,-0.086,
-0.216,-0.246,-0.356,-1.022,-0.832,-0.372,-0.463,-0.604)
H$y=c(0.047,-0.4,-0.818,-0.822,-0.314,-0.25,
-0.491,-0.589,-0.396,-0.138,0.082,0.262,0.542,
0.361,0.03,0.555,0.869,0.912,0.641,0.327,0.142,0.129)

l1 = list(p1=list(x=-0.83587, y=-0.5765),
p2=list(x=0.731603,y=0.69705))
l2 = list(p1=list(x=-0.6114, y=0.7745),
p2=list(x=0.48430,y=-0.63250))

plot(c(-1,1), c(-1,1), type='n')

polygon(H, col=NULL, border='blue')

points(l1$p1)

#### if point is in polygon, return 1, else return 1

inside(l1$p1, H)
text(l1$p1 , labels=inside(l1$p1, H), pos=1)
points(l2$p1)
inside(l2$p1, H)
text(l2$p1 , labels=inside(l2$p1, H), pos=1)
insideGEOmapXY 81

insideGEOmapXY Get LAT-LON points that fall inside a map

Description
Get LAT-LON points that fall inside a map

Usage
insideGEOmapXY(lat, lon, PROJ = NULL, R = NULL, PMAT = NULL)

Arguments
lat vector of latitudes
lon vector of longitudes
PROJ projection structure
PMAT persp matrix for perspective plot
R List(lat, lon, radius) for selecting instead of using usr coordinates

Details
The parameters par("usr") is queried and used to select the lat and lons that fall within the mapped
region. If the list R=list(lat, lon, radius) is provided, then all indeces of points falling within that
radius are returned.

Value
Vector of index values for points that satisfy geographic criteria

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

Examples

## Not run:

data('japmap', package='geomapdata' )
isel1 = which( japmap$STROKES$code != "i" & japmap$STROKES$num>120 )

PROJfuji = setPROJ(type = 2, LAT0=35.358,LON0=138.731)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap, PROJ=PROJfuji, SEL=isel1 , add=FALSE)
pointsGEOmapXY(gvol$lat, gvol$lon, PROJ=PROJfuji)
textGEOmapXY(gvol$lat, gvol$lon, gvol$name, PROJ=PROJfuji, pos=4,
cex=.5)
wv =insideGEOmapXY(gvol$lat, gvol$lon, PROJfuji)
cbind(gvol$name[wv], gvol$lat[wv], gvol$lon[wv])
82 KINOUT

## End(Not run)

KINOUT Map inside-outside

Description
Determine if strokes are in a target region

Usage
KINOUT(MAP, LLlim, projtype = 2)

Arguments
MAP GEOmap list
LLlim list: lat lon limits
projtype local projection type

Details
The limits are used to calculate an origin and each point is projected accordingly. The x-y values
are evaluated for being in or out of the target. A local projection is used - UTM (2) is the prefered
projection.

Value
Vector or indeces of strokes that intersect the target.

Note
The mercator projections do not work well with this routine.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

### which strokes are these?

print( worldmap$STROKES$nam[k] )

k = KINOUT(coastmap,L, 2)

print( coastmap$STROKES$nam[k] )

testmap = GEOmap.Extract(coastmap,k, INOUT="in" )

plotGEOmap(testmap)

lamaz.eqarea Lambert-Azimuthal Equal Area

Description
Map Projection (Lambert-Azimuthal Equal Area) for global plots.

Usage
lamaz.eqarea(phi1, lam0, phi, lam, R=6371)
lamaz.inverse(phi1, lam0, x, y, R=6371 )

Arguments
phi1 Central Latitude, radians
lam0 Central Longitude
phi vector of Latitude, points for plotting, radians
lam vector of Longitude, points for plotting , radians
R radius of sphere
x position on the plot
y position on the plot
84 lamaz.eqarea

Value
x position on the plot
y position on the plot

Note
This is a projection routine that does not need to be set in advance. lamaz.inverse is the inverse of
lamaz.eqarea.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
Snyder, J. P., 1987; Map Projections - A Working Manual. U.S. Geological Survey Professional
Paper 1395, 383 p.

xy = lamaz.eqarea(phicen, lamcen,lat, lon)

plot(xy, asp=1, type='n')

polygon(xy, col=grey(.8))

title("Antarctica")
LandSeaCol 85

LandSeaCol Land and Sea Colors

Description
Color pixels with two palettes, one for land the other for sea.

Usage
LandSeaCol(IZ, coastmap, PROJ, calcol = NULL)

Arguments
IZ list of x, y, z suitable for plotting with image or contour.
coastmap coastal map from GEOmap
PROJ projection list
calcol color map for the land

Details
The program uses closed polygons in the map list to separate the pixels into land versus sea. Sea
is colored with a palette of blues, land is colored according to topographic color scheme extracted
from palettes similar to GMT palettes.
All map and pixel coordinates are projected with the same projection parameters. calculations are
done in XY coordinates.
ETOPO5 or ETOPO2 can be downloaded from and installed using these links: http://leesj.
sites.oasis.unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO2.RData and http://leesj.sites.oasis.
unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO5.RData

Value
Cmat Matrix of colors for each pixel
UZ Under water
AZ Above Sea Level

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
settopocol, TOPOCOL
86 LandSeaCol

Examples

## Not run:

Lat.range = c(-10, 30)

Lon.range = c(65, 117)
######

######## load up the important libraries

library(RFOC)

library(geomapdata)

data(coastmap)

### data(ETOPO5)

#### need to download and install ETOPO data

load(ETOPO5)

PLOC=list(LON=Lon.range,LAT=Lat.range,lon=Lon.range,lat=Lat.range,
x=Lon.range, y=Lat.range )

##### set up topography colors

COLS = settopocol()

#### set the projection ## utm

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )
NK = 300

### extract topography from the etopo5 data base in geomapdata

JMAT = GEOTOPO(ETOPO5, PLOC, PROJ, COLS$calcol,nx=NK, ny=NK )
##### select relevant earthquakes

IZ = list(x=JMAT$xo, y=JMAT$yo, z=JMAT$IZ$z)

CMAT = LandSeaCol(IZ, coastmap, PROJ, calcol=NULL)

Mollist =CMAT$Cmat
dMol = attr(Mollist, "Dcol")

#### Under water

UZ = CMAT$UZ
##### above water
AZ = CMAT$AZ
#### blues for underwater:
blues = shade.col(100, acol=as.vector(col2rgb("darkblue")/255),
bcol= as.vector(col2rgb("paleturquoise")/255))

plot(x=range(IZ$x), y=range(IZ$y),
type='n', asp=1, axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE)
lcgc 87

image(x=IZ$x, y=IZ$y, z=(UZ), col=blues, add=TRUE)

image(x=IZ$x, y=IZ$y, z=(AZ), col=terrain.colors(100) , add=TRUE)

plotGEOmapXY(coastmap,
LIM = c(Lon.range[1],Lat.range[1] ,Lon.range[2] ,Lat.range[2]),
PROJ =PROJ,MAPstyle =2,MAPcol ="black" , add=TRUE )

## End(Not run)

lcgc local coordinates to Global

Description
OLD projection sometimes used in Lees’ tomography. No need for projection data, it is included in
the code.

Usage
lcgc(phiorg, lamorg, ex, why)

Arguments
phiorg lat origin
lamorg lon origin
ex coordinate, km
why coordinate, km

Details
This may be defunct now.

Value
phi lat
lam lon

Note
Orignally from R. S. Crosson
88 linesGEOmapXY

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

linesGEOmapXY Add lines, points or text to GEOmap projected plot

Description
Add lines, points or text to GEOmap projected plot

Usage
linesGEOmapXY(lat = 0, lon = 0, PROJ = NULL, PMAT = NULL, ...)
textGEOmapXY(lat = 0, lon = 0, labels = NULL, PROJ = NULL, PMAT = NULL, ...)
pointsGEOmapXY(lat = 0, lon = 0, PROJ = NULL, PMAT = NULL, ...)
rectGEOmapXY(lat=0, lon=0, PROJ=NULL, PMAT=NULL, ... )
polyGEOmapXY(lat = 0, lon = 0, PROJ = NULL, PMAT = NULL, ...)

Arguments
lat vector of latitudes
lon vector of longitudes
labels text for labels
PROJ projection structure
PMAT persp matrix for perspective plot
... graphical Parameters from par

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

Lintersect Finder intersection of lines

Description
Determines intersection points of 2D vectors

Usage
Lintersect(l1, l2)

Arguments
l1 Line 1
l2 Line 2

Value
0=no intersection 1=interesction

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

plot(c(-1,1), c(-1,1), type='n')

l1 = list(p1=list(x=-0.938, y=0.0860), p2=list(x=0.4006,y=0.9294))

l2 = list(p1=list(x=-0.375, y=0.0860), p2=list(x=-0.344,y=-0.8089))
points(l1$p1)
points(l1$p2)
points(l2$p1)
points(l2$p2)
segments(c(l1$p1$x, l2$p1$x), c(l1$p1$y, l2$p1$y), c(l1$p2$x, l2$p2$x), c(l1$p2$y, l2$p2$y) )

Lintersect(l1, l2)

plot(c(-1,1), c(-1,1), type='n')

l1 = list(p1=list(x=-0.83587, y=-0.5765), p2=list(x=0.731603,y=0.69705))

90 list.GEOmap

l2 = list(p1=list(x=-0.6114, y=0.7745), p2=list(x=0.48430,y=-0.63250))

points(l1$p1)
points(l1$p2)
points(l2$p1)
points(l2$p2)
segments(c(l1$p1$x, l2$p1$x), c(l1$p1$y, l2$p1$y), c(l1$p2$x, l2$p2$x), c(l1$p2$y, l2$p2$y) )

Lintersect(l1, l2)

list.GEOmap List stroke points in a GEOmap

Description
List stroke points in a GEOmap

Usage
list.GEOmap(MAP, SEL = 1)

Arguments
MAP GEOmap list, with LL list
SEL index, selecttion of specific strokes

Details
Returns a GEOmap list from the output of GEOmap.list . This is used to repack a GEOmap list. Tis
function can be used to create a new geomap if you have only strokes. See example. Can be used
to convert a gmt map file (in ascii text format) to GEOmap.

Value
GEOmap list

STROKES Metadata for strokes

POINTS list, lat=vector, lon=vector

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
GEOmap.cat, GEOmap.Extract, GEOmap.CombineStrokes, GEOmap.list
list.GEOmap 91

Examples

data(coastmap)

length(coastmap$STROKES$nam)

G = GEOmap.list(coastmap, 1)

length(G$STROKES$nam)

H = list.GEOmap(G)

length(H$STROKES$nam)

plotGEOmap(H)

############## if you have a set of simple strokes

##### make your own geomap:

latlon=list()
latlon$lat=c(39.8780395624,39.7488080389,39.4903449921,39.2964977069,
39.1995740643,39.1349583026,38.9088031365,38.6180322088,38.3272612810,
38.0041824724,37.8749509489,37.8749509489,38.3272612810,38.4888006853,
38.8118794939,39.0057267791,39.2318819452,39.5872686346,39.9426553241)
latlon$lon=c(136.6629878969,136.3444990720,136.0715086507,136.0715086507,
135.6165246151,135.0250453689,134.9795469653,134.9795469653,135.0705437724,
135.2525373866,135.7530198258,137.0724735289,137.3454639502,137.4364607574,
138.0734384071,138.0734384071,137.8004479858,137.7549495822,137.2544671431)

GLL=list()
GLL$lat=c(38.0552647517,38.1533772893,38.2754431875,
38.3672221979,38.5260793869,38.6483246519,38.7701056377,
38.8976069603,38.9457673342,38.9998962787,39.1025327692,
39.1927889270,39.3801557421,39.5193850467)
GLL$lon=c(135.7446171004,135.8598134616,135.9053532164,
135.9978522791,136.1369466401,136.3703056863,136.6044613488,
136.8081531656,136.9649782331,137.1064020435,137.2564343909,
137.4067379892,137.5747171917,137.6637851576)

LL =list()
LL[[1]] = latlon
LL[[2]] = GLL

J = list(LL=LL)

GL = list.GEOmap(J)

plotGEOmapXY(GL)
92 Lll2xyz

ll2xyz LAT-LON to xyz

Description
LAT-LON to xyz

Usage
ll2xyz(lat, lon)

Arguments
lat latitude
lon longitude

Value
3-vector

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Lll2xyz List Lat-Lon to cartesian XYZ

Description
List Lat-Lon to cartesian XYZ

Usage
Lll2xyz(lat, lon)
LLlabel 93

Arguments
lat latitude
lon longitude

Value
list(x,y,z)

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

LLlabel Nice Lat-Lon Label

Description
Create a text string for Lat-Lons

Usage
LLlabel(DD, dir = 1, ksec = -1)

Arguments
DD Decimal degrees
dir direction, NS or EW
ksec number of decimals for seconds

Details
creates text labels with minutes and seconds if needed.

Value
character string
94 LOCPOLIMAP

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

locworld Locate points in worlmap

Description
Locate points in worlmap

Usage
locworld(shiftlon = 0, col = "brown", n = 2)

Arguments
shiftlon rotate map by degrees
col color of points
n number of points

Value
lon longitudes
lat latitudes
LON longitudes
LAT latitudes
utmbox UTM box list(lat, lon)
x UTM x-coordinates
y UTM y-coordinates
UTM0 utm origin for projection list(phi, lam)
shiftlon rotate map by degrees

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

### this program is interactive....

## Not run:

library(geomapdata)

data(worldmap)
plotworldmap(worldmap)
locworld(shiftlon = 0, col = "brown", n = 2)

## End(Not run)

Lxyz2ll Cartesian to Lat-Lon

Description
Cartesian vector to Lat-Lon List

Usage
Lxyz2ll(X)

Arguments
X list, x,y,z

Value
list of lat and lon

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

MAPconstants Set Various Map Constants

Description

Used for retrieval when doing projections

Usage

MAPconstants()

Details

These include a sime list of: DEG2RAD, RAD2DEG, A.MAPK, E2.MAPK, E2.GRS80, E.MAPK,
E1.MAPK, TwoE.MAPK, R.MAPK, FEET2M, M2FEET

Value

List of constants for Projections

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References

Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

See Also

XY.GLOB, projtype, utm.sphr.xy

Examples

MAPconstants()
98 maplim

maplim Map Limits

Description

Set reasonable map limits from a set of Lat-Lon pairs.

Usage

maplim(lat, lon, pct = 0.1)

Arguments

lat vector of latitudes

lon vector of longitudes
pct percent fraction to increase (or decrease) limits

Details

In some (GEOmap) programs the longitude needs to be modulus 360, so these are provided also.

Value

list of range of lats and lons

lat lat limits

lon lat limits
LON lon limits modulus 360
lim vector: lon1 lat1 lon2 lat2
LIM vector: lon1 lat1 lon2 lat2, with lon limits modulus 360

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

expandbound, plotGEOmapXY
maps2GEOmap 99

Examples

lat = rnorm(10, m=46, sd=2)

lon = rnorm(10, m=-121, sd=1)

M = maplim(lat, lon, pct=.2)

plot(M$lon, M$lat, type='n')

points(lon, lat)

############ plotting with a GEOmap

library(geomapdata)
data(worldmap)

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LON0=mean(lon), LAT0=mean(lat))

plotGEOmapXY(worldmap, LIM=M$LIM)
pointsGEOmapXY(lat, lon,PROJ =PROJ, pch=6)

maps2GEOmap Convert maps data to GEOmap format

Description
Convert maps data to GEOmap format

Usage
maps2GEOmap(zz, wx = 1, mapnam = "temp")

Arguments
zz Output list from maps package
wx vector of breaks (in maps these are NA)
mapnam Name pasted on each stroke

Details
The program takes the output of maps and converts to a GEOmap strucuture. This code should
work with GMT style map files too.

Value
GEOmap list.
100 maps2GEOmap

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

library(maps)

zz = map('state', region = c('new york', 'new jersey', 'penn'))

neweng = maps2GEOmap(zz)

plotGEOmap(neweng)
## L1 = locator(1)
L1=list()
L1$x=c(283.671347071854)
L1$y=c(42.008587074537)

LIMS1 = list( lon=range(neweng$POINTS$lon),

lat=range(neweng$POINTS$lat) )

LIMS = c(LIMS1$lon[1], LIMS1$lat[1], LIMS1$lon[2], LIMS1$lat[2])

########## prepare maps 2:

z2 = map('world', region = c('iceland'))

ice = maps2GEOmap(z2)
plotGEOmap(ice)

## L2 = locator(1)
L2=list()
L2$x=c(341.146812632372)
L2$y=c(64.9180246121089)

############ this version here is nicer, but required WORLMAP2

###kice = grep('ice' , coast2$STROKES$nam, ignore.case =TRUE)

### ice = GEOmap.Extract(coast2, kice ,"in")

MAP = rotateGEOmap(ice, L1$y , L1$x , L2$y , L2$x, beta=-90 )

proj = setPROJ( 2, LAT0=L1$y, LON0=L1$x )

plotGEOmapXY(neweng, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="" )

plotGEOmapXY(MAP, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="",

ylab="", add = TRUE, MAPcol = grey(.85) , lwd=2, xpd=TRUE)
mapTeleSeis 101

plotGEOmapXY(neweng, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE,

xlab="", ylab="", add=TRUE )

mapTeleSeis World Map with Teleseismic Ray-paths

Description
World Map with Teleseismic Ray-paths

Usage
mapTeleSeis(sta, mylist, worldmap=NULL)

Arguments
sta list of station locations
mylist list of event locations
worldmap worldmap data (e.g. from geomapdata)

Details
Uses GEOmap. No projection is used.

Value
Graphical side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

## Not run:
library(RSEIS)
library(GEOmap)

###################
###### set up stations
sta=list()
sta$'nam'=c("CAL", "KAM", "DOM", "LAV", "SMI", "CAS")
sta$'lat'=c(14.7421759974747,14.7471948493068,14.7422049415205,
14.7204249827467,14.7543726234568,14.710961318972)
102 mapTeleSeis

sta$'lon'=c(-91.5659793619529,-91.5698443123368,-91.5775586192333,
-91.5716896307798,-91.5518522222222,-91.5702146825397)
sta$'el'=c(2.37596727272727,2.29854436407474,2.31819590643275,
1.64286335403727,3.65216666666667,1.44584353741497)
sta$'das'=c("CAL", "KAM", "DOM", "LAV", "SMI", "CAS")
sta$'sensor1'=c("60T", "60T", "60T", "40T", "INF", "3T")
sta$'comp1'=c("VNE", "VNE", "VNE", "VNE", "VNE", "VNE")
sta$'sensor2'=c("INF", "INF", "INF", "INF", "INF", "INF")
sta$'comp2'=c("IJK", "IJK", "IJK", "IJK", "IJK", "IJK")
sta$'dasSN'=c("9FF2", "9FFE", "9FFB", "9024", "A881", "9026")
sta$'sensorSN'=c("Unknown", "Unknown", "Unknown", "T41034", "Unknown", "T3A28")
sta$'start'=c("2008:366:16:02:59:615", "2008:366:20:50:18:615",
###### "2008:366:00:58:23:849",
"2008:365:23:01:21:315", "2008:366:23:57:10:244", "2008:365:20:47:51:529")
sta$'end'=c("2009:004:18:02:58:615", "2009:004:17:50:17:615",
###### "2009:004:16:58:22:849",
"2009:006:15:01:20:315", "2009:004:16:57:09:244", "2009:005:22:47:50:529")
sta$'name'=c("CAL", "KAM", "DOM", "LAV", "SMI", "CAS")

############## get earthquake epicenters

eq1=list()
eq1$'yr'=c(2008,2009,2009,2009,2008,2009,
2009,2009,2009,2009,2009,2009,2009,2009,2009)
eq1$'mo'=c(12,1,1,1,12,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)
eq1$'dom'=c(30,1,3,4,30,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,6)
eq1$'lat'=c(14.06,14.73,13.93,15.23,-4.3,-34.84,0.62,-0.41,
-0.59,36.42,-0.32,-0.69,-0.4,36.44,-0.66)
eq1$'lon'=c(-92.21,-91.39,-91.74,-92.06,101.22,-107.65,-26.66,
132.88,133.36,70.74,132.88,133.3,132.76,70.88,133.43)
eq1$'mag'=c(4.3,4.7,4,4.7,5.9,5.8,5.6,7.6,5.6,5.8,5.6,7.4,5.9,5.7,6)
eq1$'depth'=c(9,169,61,177,20,10,10,17,35,204,29,23,35,186,16)
eq1$'hr'=c(23,11,9,19,19,6,19,19,19,20,21,22,7,23,22)
eq1$'mi'=c(12,44,16,2,49,27,42,43,53,23,49,33,14,12,48)
eq1$'sec'=c(57,51.68,0.8,23,52.61,51.22,27.19,50.65,
18.9,20.18,30.88,40.29,0.55,59.29,27.25)
eq1$'z'=c(9,169,61,177,20,10,10,17,35,204,29,23,35,186,16)
eq1$'jd'=c(365,1,3,4,365,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,6)

########################## use the projection that is derived from the

########################## station file - these are based on the median station locations
stinfo = list(mlat=median(sta$lat), mlon=median(sta$lon) )

proj = setPROJ(6, LAT0=stinfo$mlat, LON0=stinfo$mlon )

###### get distances - this is so we can separate regional from teleseismic events
eqdists = distaz(stinfo$mlat , stinfo$mlon, eq1$lat, eq1$lon)

mylist = list()
for(j in 1:length(eq1$sec))
{
Markup 103

mylist[[j]] = list(yr=eq1$yr[j], jd=eq1$jd[j], mo=eq1$mo[j], dom=eq1$dom[j], hr=eq1$hr[j],

mi=eq1$mi[j], sec=eq1$sec[j], lat=eq1$lat[j], lon=eq1$lon[j], z=eq1$z[j], mag=eq1$mag[j])
}

library(geomapdata)
data(worldmap)
mapTeleSeis(sta, mylist, worldmap=worldmap)

## End(Not run)

Markup Add markup information to an existing plot

Description
For use in GEOmap to add labels to a geographic plot

Usage
Markup(MM = list(), sel = 1, cex = 1, ...)

Arguments
MM list of markup infromation
sel vector, select which marks to be plotted
cex character expansion
... graphical parameters for par

Details
Uses the locator function

Value
Graphical Side Effects
104 merid

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(c(0, 1), c(0, 1), main = "this is a test", sub = "sutitle",

xlab = "this is x", ylab = "this is y")

LABS = c("this is", "a", "test")

MUP = setMarkup(LABS)

## End(Not run)

merid Orthogonal Projection of Meridian or Parallel

Description
Orthogonal Projection Meridian or Parallel

Usage
merid(lon, lat1=-90, lat2=90, lam0=0, phi1=41, R=1, by=1)
paral(lat, lon1=-180 , lon2=180, lam0=0, phi1=41, R=1, by=1)

Arguments
lon merid starting Longitude, degrees
lat paral starting Latitude, degrees
lam0 origin Longitude, degrees
phi1 origin Latitude, degrees
R Radius
by increment in degrees
lat1 merid starting Latitude, degrees
merid 105

lat2 merid ending Latitude, degrees

lon1 paral starting Longitude, degrees
lon2 paral ending Longitude, degrees

Details
Retruns points along a meridian running through lat, lon with a projection based on lam0 phi.

Value
list of x-y values for plotting

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

M = merid(tlon, lat1=tlat, olon, olat, 1)

R = 1

phi1=40

GLOBE.ORTH(20, phi1, 1,plotmap=FALSE)

M1 = merid(20, lat1=20, lat2=40, phi1=phi1, lam0=olat, R=1, by=1)

P2 = paral(40, lon1=20 , lon2=40, lam0=olat, phi1=phi1, R=1, by=1)

M2 = merid(40, lat1=40, lat2=20, phi1=phi1, lam0=olat, R=1, by=1)

P1 = paral(20, lon1=40 , lon2=20, lam0=olat, phi1=phi1, R=1, by=1)

106 niceLLtix

polygon(c(M1$x, P2$x, M2$x, P1$x), c(M1$y, P2$y, M2$y, P1$y),

col=rgb(.8, .8, 1))

niceLLtix Nice DMS coordinates

Description
Determine a nice set of coordinates in DMS

Usage
niceLLtix(rcoords)

Arguments
rcoords vector of decimal degrees, the range will be used

Value
DD decimal degrees
deg degrees
min minutes
sec seconds
si sign of degrees

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

NoOverlap Shift Symbols

Description
Shift Symbols such that there is no overlap

Usage
NoOverlap(x, y, focsiz, SEL = 0, OLDx = 0, OLDy = 0, cenx = 0, ceny = 0)

Arguments
x x-location
y y-location
focsiz symbol size
SEL selection of which symbols to shift
OLDx x-locations of origin
OLDy y-locations of origin
cenx center x
ceny center y

Details
Program is used for finding positions for exploding. A vector is dcalculated from each origin to
each point and explosions are projected along these directions until a position is found that does
not overlap. The position is nudged by a value of focsiz at each step. If OLDx and OLDy are not
provided, cenx and ceny are used as origin points.

Value
x,y list of new positions

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(rx , ry , type='n', asp=1, xlab="km", ylab="km")

u = par("usr")

focsiz = 0.04* (u[2]-u[1])

draw.circ(x, y, focsiz, col='red')

NXY = NoOverlap(x,y,focsiz)

plot(rx , ry , type='n', asp=1, xlab="km", ylab="km")

u = par("usr")

focsiz = 0.04* (u[2]-u[1])

draw.circ(NXY$x, NXY$y, focsiz, col="blue" )

segments(x,y,NXY$x, NXY$y)

normalfault Normal Fault trace

normalfault 109

Description
Plot normal fault on map.

Usage
normalfault(x, y, h = 1, hoff = 1, rot = list(cs = 1, sn = 0), col = "black")

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
h radius of ball
hoff distance from line
rot rotation vectors, (cosines and sines)
col color

Details
Rotation vector is provided as list(cs=vector(), sn=vector()).

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=3)

110 NSarrow

sk = 2
lines(G$x,G$y,col='blue')

bcars(g$x,g$y, h1=sk, h2=sk*.5, g$rot, col='black', border='black' )

NSarrow North-South Weather Vane Arrow

Description
Add north-south weather vane arrow figure

Usage
NSarrow(x = NULL, y = NULL, R = 1, col.arrow = 1, col.N = 1,
col.circ = 1, rot = 0, PMAT = NULL)

Arguments
x X-location vector, if list, include both x and y values
y Y-location vector, not needed if x is a list
R radius, in plot coordinates
col.arrow color for arrow, default="black"
col.N color for N symbol
col.circ color for circle
rot rotation angle, degrees
PMAT projection matrix, output of persp

Details
The location list should have 2 values for x and y each, the second value for y determines the radius
R if it is not provided. The first element of y is the center of the weather vane. If no x-list is
provided, the interactive locator function is invoked and a list is returned for future work.

Value
x x-location
y y-location

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(c(1:10), c(1:10), type='n')

x=c(2,2)
y = c(8,9)

NSarrow(list(x=x, y=y))

##### move over and repeat, with rotation of 25 degrees west

x=c(5,5)
y = c(8,9)

NSarrow(list(x=x, y=y), rot=25)

NSWath Cross sectional Swaths of Earthquakes over Japan

Description
Set of 4 swaths for cross section across Japan

Usage
data(NSWath)

Format
list of cross sections each conists of a list of form:

r r-distance along cross section (x-coordinate)

dh distance from cross seection
depth depth in cross section (y-coordinate)
flag index vector of which earthquakes fell in swath and depth range
InvBox coordinates of swath for plotting on map

Source
Data is extrcted from an earthquake data base of relocated events provided by Robert Engdahl.
112 ortho.proj

Examples
## Not run:
data(NSWath)
for(i in 1:length(NSWath))
{
dev.new()
LAB = attr(NSWath[[i]], "LAB")

XSECwin( NSWath[[i]] , iseclab=i, xLAB=LAB , labs=NULL, demo=TRUE )

}

## End(Not run)

ortho.proj Orthogonal Map Projection

Description
Orthogonal Map Projection

Usage
ortho.proj(lat, lon, lon0, lat1, R)

Arguments
lat latitude, degrees
lon longitude, degrees
lon0 view origin longitude, degrees
lat1 view origin latitude, degrees
R Radius of sphere, default=1

Details
Assumes spherical globe. This function is not part of the normal GEOmap plotting routines.
OverTurned 113

Value

list

x x, coordinate in units of R
y y, coordinate in units of R

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References

Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

See Also

GLOBE.ORTH, setPROJ, projtype

Examples

olat = 0
olon = 0

tlat = 23
tlon = 30
R = 1
ortho.proj(tlat, tlon, olon, olat, R)

OverTurned Plot Overturned fault

Description

Plot Overturned fault

Usage

OverTurned(x, y, syn = TRUE, spacing = NULL, N = 1, r1 = 1, r2 = 1.2,

h1 = 0.5, h2 = 0.5, endtol = 0.1, REV = FALSE, col = "black", ...)
114 OverTurned

Arguments

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
syn logical, TRUE=syncline, FALSE=anticline
spacing spacing of points
N number of points
r1 x-radius of curled part
r2 y-radius of curled part
h1 length of first leg
h2 length of 2nd leg
endtol indent on either ends
REV reverse direction of x-y
col color of teeth and line
... graphical parameters

Value

Graphical Side effect

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

PointsAlong

Examples

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

OverTurned(ff$x,ff$y, r1= .4, r2= .8, h1= .5, h2= .5, N=5, syn=FALSE,
endtol=.2)
perpen 115

perpen perpendicular marks along line

Description
draw perpendicular marks along line

Usage
perpen(x, y, h, rot, col = "black", lwd = 1)

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y coordinates
h height of tooth
rot rotation of teeth
col color of line
lwd line width

Details
Used by faultperp

Value
graphical side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=5)

lines(G)
116 pgon

perpen(g$x, g$y, 5, g$rot, col = "black", lwd = 1)

pgon Plot regular polygon: pentagon, hexagon, octagon

Description

Plot regular polygon: pentagon, hexagon, octagon

Usage

pgon(x, y, siz=siz, col="black", border=NULL, K=5, startalph = -45, ... )

Arguments

x x-coordinate
y y-coordinate
siz radius or size
col inside color
border border color
K number of sides per polygon
startalph starting angle
... graphical parameters

Details

I figure is resized needs to be re-called.

Value

Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>
pline 117

Examples

N = 25
x = rnorm(N)
y = rnorm(N)

z = rnorm(N)

######## draw pentagons

plot(x,y, type='n', axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE)
pgon(x,y, siz=abs(z)/10, col="white", border='black', startalph =60, K=5, lwd=.5, xpd=TRUE)

###### color the points, use 4-sided blocks

rbow=rainbow(100)

ss = sample(1:100, N, replace = TRUE, prob = NULL)

plot(x,y, type='n', axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE)
pgon(x,y, siz=abs(z)/10, col=rbow[ss], border='black', startalph =60, K=4, lwd=.5, xpd=TRUE)

pline Point to line distance

Description

get sortest distance from arbitrary point to a segment.

Usage

pline(x1, y1, x2, y2, ex, ey)

Arguments

x1 x coordinate segment start

y1 y coordinate segment start
x2 x coordinate segment end
y2 y coordinate segment end
ex x, point
ey y point
118 plotGEOmap

Value
vector of:
dis distance to segment
dee distance to line
zee projection along line
px x, point of intersection
py y, point of intersection

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

P = pline(L$x[1], L$y[1], L$x[2], L$y[2], L$x[3], L$y[3])

plot(L$x, L$y, type='n', asp=1)

segments(L$x[1], L$y[1], L$x[2], L$y[2])
points( L$x[3], L$y[3])

segments(L$x[3], L$y[3], P[4], P[5], col='red')

plotGEOmap Plot a GEO map

Description
High Level plot of GEO map

Usage
plotGEOmap(MAP, LIM = c(-180, -90, 180, 90) ,
shiftlon = 0, add = TRUE ,
NUMB = FALSE , SEL = NULL, MAPcol = NULL,
MAPstyle = NULL, border=NA,
PLOT = TRUE, PRINT=FALSE, BB = FALSE, ...)
plotGEOmap 119

Arguments
MAP Map Structure
LIM Lat-Lon limits
add logical, TRUE= add to existing plot
SEL Index vector of strokes to be used in plotting, default=NULL(use all that pass
other tests)
MAPcol override color for maps
MAPstyle override plotting style for maps
border color, add border to polygons, NA=no border
shiftlon degrees, rotate longitude
NUMB logical, number the strokes on the map
PLOT logical, TRUE=plot map, else just set up plotting area
PRINT logical, TRUE=show selected stroke indeces on the screen(default=FALSE)
BB logical, TRUE=add bounding box to each stroke (default=FALSE)
... graphical parameters

Details
plotGEOmap does not plot a projected map. MAPcol and MAPstyle can be used to override the
colors and style in the map-list. These are applied to all the strokes.

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

See Also
plotGEOmapXY, DOTOPOMAPI, addLLXY

Examples
library(geomapdata)

data(coastmap)

plotGEOmap(coastmap , xaxs='i', yaxs='i')

#################### example:
coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="C" ] = rgb(1, .6, .6)
coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="c" ] = rgb(1, .9, .9)
coastmap$STROKES$col[coastmap$STROKES$code=="L" ] = rgb(.6, .6, 1)
120 plotGEOmapXY

plot(c(-30, 370), c(-85, 85), type='n', ann=FALSE, xaxs='i', yaxs='i')

plotGEOmap(coastmap , border='black' , add=TRUE)

title(xlab="Longitude", ylab="Latitude" )
grid()

box()

## Not run:

### political map of the world

library(geomapdata)
plotGEOmap(coastmap , border='black' , add=FALSE, xaxs='i')

data(europe.bdy)
data(asia.bdy)

data(africa.bdy)
data(namer.bdy)

data(samer.bdy)
data(USAmap)

plotGEOmap(europe.bdy , add=TRUE)
plotGEOmap(asia.bdy , add=TRUE)
plotGEOmap(africa.bdy , add=TRUE)
plotGEOmap(namer.bdy , add=TRUE)

plotGEOmap(samer.bdy , add=TRUE)

plotGEOmap(USAmap , add=TRUE)

## End(Not run)

plotGEOmapXY Plot a projected GEO map

Description

High Level plot of GEO map

plotGEOmapXY 121

Usage
plotGEOmapXY(MAP, LIM = c(-180, -90, 180, 90),
PROJ = list(), PMAT=NULL,
add = TRUE, SEL=NULL , GRID = NULL, GRIDcol = 1,
MAPcol = NULL, MAPstyle = NULL, border = NA,
cenlon = 0, shiftlon = 0, linelty = 1,
linelwd = 1, ptpch=".", ptcex=1, NUMB = FALSE, ...)

Arguments
MAP Map Structure
LIM Lat-Lon limits
PROJ Projection list
PMAT Perspective matrix conversion
add logical, TRUE= add to existing plot
SEL Index vector of strokes to be used in plotting, default=NULL(use all that pass
other tests)
GRID logical, TRUE=add grid lines
GRIDcol color for grid lines
MAPcol override color for maps
MAPstyle override plotting style for maps
border color, add border to polygons, NA=no border
cenlon center longitude of plot
shiftlon degrees, rotate longitude
linelty Line type
linelwd line width
ptpch plotting character for strokes (style=1) that are plotted as points
ptcex character expansion factor for style=1 strokes
NUMB logical, number the strokes on the map
... graphical parameters

Details
plotGEOmapXY includes projection of the data, plotGEOmap does not. MAPcol and MAPstyle
can be used to override the colors and style in the map-list. These are applied to all the strokes.
For strokes that are of style=1 points are plotted with graphical parameters ptpch="." and ptcex=1
unless otherwise indicated.

Value
Graphical Side Effects
122 plothypos

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

See Also
DOTOPOMAPI, addLLXY, plotGEOmap

Examples

data('japmap', package='geomapdata' )
isel1 = which( japmap$STROKES$code != "i" & japmap$STROKES$num>120 )

PLOC=list(LON=c(137.008, 141.000), LAT=c(34.000, 36.992),

x=c(137.008, 141.000), y=c(34.000, 36.992) )
PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

gxy = GLOB.XY(PLOC$LAT, PLOC$LON, PROJ)

PLAT = pretty(PLOC$LAT)
PLAT = c(min(PLOC$LAT),
PLAT[PLAT>min(PLOC$LAT) & PLAT<max(PLOC$LAT)],max(PLOC$LAT))
PLON = pretty(PLOC$LON)
PLON = c(min(PLOC$LON),
PLON[PLON>min(PLOC$LON) & PLON<max(PLOC$LON)], max(PLOC$LON))

plot(gxy$x, gxy$y, asp=TRUE, ann=FALSE , axes=FALSE)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap,SEL=isel1, LIM=c(PLOC$LON[1], PLOC$LAT[1],PLOC$LON[2],

PLOC$LAT[2]) , PROJ=PROJ, add=TRUE )

addLLXY(PLAT, PLON, PROJ=PROJ, LABS=TRUE, PMAT=NULL, TICS=c(.1,.1) )

###############
#### rotated map
PMAT = rotdelta4(-34)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap, PMAT=PMAT,SEL=isel1, xpd=TRUE)

plothypos Plot Edicenters

Description
Plot hypocenter color coded to depth and size scaled by magnitude.
plothypos 123

Usage
plothypos(lat, lon, z, proj, mag = NULL, cex = 0.4, pch =21, PMAT = NULL, alpha = NULL)

Arguments
lat Latitude
lon Longitude
z km Depth, (positive down)
proj Projection structure
mag Magnitude
cex character expansion
pch plotting character, default=21
PMAT transformation matrix
alpha transparency factor

Details
Adds hypocenters to an existing plot.

Value
Graphical Side effects.

Note
The events are color coded according to depth.
Only a few devices can handle transparency effects.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
plotGEOmapXY, XSECEQ, eqswath, getmagsize

Examples
library(geomapdata)

data('EHB.LLZ')
data('japmap', package='geomapdata')

RLAT = range(japmap$POINTS$lat)
RLON = range(japmap$POINTS$lon)

JLAT = expandbound(RLAT, .1)

124 plothypos

JLON = expandbound(RLON, .1)

PROJ = japmap$PROJ
############## select the events in the region
isel1 = which( japmap$STROKES$code != "i" & japmap$STROKES$num>120 )

sel = which(
EHB.LLZ$lat > JLAT[1] &
EHB.LLZ$lat < JLAT[2] &
EHB.LLZ$lon > JLON[1] &
EHB.LLZ$lon < JLON[2])

sel = sel[1:200]

plotGEOmapXY(japmap , PROJ=PROJ, SEL=isel1, add=FALSE, MAPcol="black")

plothypos(EHB.LLZ$lat[sel], EHB.LLZ$lon[sel], EHB.LLZ$z[sel], PROJ,

mag=NULL, cex=.8)

## Not run:

fn = "/home/lees/WORK/SENDAI.EVENT/catsearch.8757"

g = getANSS(fn, skip=2)
g$jd = getjul(g$yr, g$mo, g$dom)

sel = which(
g$lat > JLAT[1] &
g$lat < JLAT[2] &
g$lon > JLON[1] &
g$lon < JLON[2])

olat = g$lat[sel]
olon = g$lon[sel]
ordz = g$z[sel]

mag = g$mag[sel]

gm = getmagsize(mag)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap , PROJ=PROJ, add=FALSE, MAPcol="black")

plothypos(g$lat[sel], g$lon[sel], g$z[sel], PROJ,
mag=NULL, cex=gm)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap , PROJ=PROJ, add=FALSE, MAPcol="black")

plothypos(olat, olon, ordz, PROJ,
mag=NULL, cex=gm)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap , PROJ=PROJ, add=FALSE, MAPcol="black")

plotnicetix 125

plothypos(olat, olon, ordz, PROJ,

mag=mag, cex=1 )

################## transparent plot

pdfname = local.file('TOHOKU', "pdf")

cairo_pdf(file = pdfname , width = 8, height = 10)

plotGEOmapXY(japmap , PROJ=PROJ, add=FALSE, MAPcol="black")
plothypos(olat, olon, ordz, PROJ,
mag=mag, cex=1, alpha=.3 )
dev.off()
##################

## End(Not run)

plotnicetix Plot Lat-Lon tick marks

Description
Find and plot nice tick marks on projected plot

Usage
plotnicetix(nex, nwhy, proj, tlen = 0.1,
fonts = c("serif", "plain"), PMAT = NULL, PLOT = TRUE)

Arguments
nex X coordinates
nwhy Y coordinates
proj prjection list
tlen length for tic marks (inches)
fonts Hershy font vector
PMAT projection matrix from persp
PLOT logical, TRUE = add to plot
126 plotusa

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
niceLLtix, goodticdivs, getnicetix, dms

Examples

proj = setPROJ(7, LAT0 = 0 , LON0= -93)

rx = c(652713.4, 656017.4)
ry = c(1629271, 1631755)

plot(rx, ry, type='n', asp=1, axes=FALSE , ann=FALSE)

plotnicetix(rx, ry, proj, PMAT=NULL)

plotusa Map of USA

Description
Quick plot of USA project with UTM.

Usage
plotusa(USAmap, LATS=c(22,49.62741), LONS=c(229.29389,296.41803), add=FALSE)

Arguments
USAmap Map for the U.S. (from geomapdata)
LATS vector of latitude bounds
LONS vector of longitude bounds
add add to existing plot

Value
Graphical Side Effect
plotUTM 127

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plotUTM Plot UTM

Description
Plot UTM

Usage
plotUTM(proj, LIM, shiftlon = 0)

Arguments
proj projection
LIM Limit vector
shiftlon rotation around z axiz, default=0

Value
Graphical Side Effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

proj = setPROJ(type=3, LAT0=33.75, LON0= RPMG::fmod(-79., 360) ,

LAT1=34.333333, LAT2=36.166667, LATS=NULL, LONS=NULL,
DLAT=NULL, DLON=NULL,FE=0,FN=0)

ALOC=list(lon=c(274.5,288), lat=c(31, 38),

LON=c(274.5, 288), LAT=c(31, 38), shiftlon=0)

plotGEOmapXY(USAmap, LIM=c(ALOC$LON[1], ALOC$lat[1],

ALOC$LON[2], ALOC$lat[2]) , PROJ=proj, add=FALSE, shiftlon=0)

plotUTM(proj, c(ALOC$LON[1], ALOC$lat[1], ALOC$LON[2], ALOC$lat[2]))

############## larger scale

## Not run:
library(geomapdata)

data(USAmap)

p = plotusa(USAmap)

plotUTM(p$PROJ, LIM=p$LIM)

## End(Not run)

plotworldmap Plot World Map with UTM sections

Description

Plot World Map with UTM sections

Usage

plotworldmap(MAP, LIM = c(-180, -90, 180, 90), shiftlon = 0,

add = TRUE, NUMB = FALSE, PLOTALL=TRUE, Decorate=FALSE , ...)
PointsAlong 129

Arguments
MAP GEOmap structure
LIM Vector of limits c(lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2)
shiftlon Rotate map by degrees longitude (must adjust the LIM vector accordingly, see
example below)
add logical, TRUE=add to current plot
NUMB logical, add numbers to plot
PLOTALL logical, plot all strokes, do not select
Decorate logical, add UTM regional designations
... grpahical parameters from par

Value
Graphical Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

PointsAlong Find spaced Points along a line

Description
find evenly spaced points along a line

Usage
PointsAlong(x, y, spacing = NULL, N = 1, endtol = 0.1)
130 PointsAlong

Arguments

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
spacing spacing of points
N number of points
endtol indent on either ends

Details

The total length is returned: this is the line integral along the trace.

Value

List:

x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
rot angle at the points
TOT total length along the trace

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

Examples

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

g = PointsAlong(ff$x, ff$y, N=20)

lines(ff$x, ff$y)
points(g$x, g$y)
polyintern 131

polyintern Internal point of polygon

Description

Find a central internal point of a polygon

Usage

polyintern(P, n = 10, PLOT=FALSE)

Arguments

P Polygon,xy
n grid dimension over polygon, n by n
PLOT logical, TRUE=plot

Details

A grid is laid over the polygo, the internal points are extracted and for each one the shortest distance
to te perimeter is determined. Then the point with the largest distance is returned.

Value

x x coordinate of point
y y coordinate of point
zi index of point
nx internal grid points x
ny internal grid points y
ef internal grid points distances to perimeter

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

pline
132 printGEOinfo

Examples
X=list()
X$x=c(11.991,11.942,11.891,11.834,11.775,11.725,11.691,
11.712,11.746,11.804,11.865,11.957,11.991)
X$y=c(-2.0091,-2.0699,-2.0823,-2.1091,-2.1419,
-2.1394,-2.1165,-2.0604,-2.0196,-1.9847,-1.9668,-1.9777,-2.0091)

polyintern(X, n = 10, PLOT=TRUE)

printGEOinfo printGEOinfo

Description

Print information on GEOmap strokes

Usage

printGEOinfo(MAP, kstroke)

Arguments

MAP GEOmap
kstroke index to strokes

Details

Prints some of the meta data stored in the GEOmap header list, strokes.

Value

Side Effects

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

printGEOmap
printGEOmap 133

Examples

data(coastmap)
printGEOinfo(coastmap, 1:10)

printGEOmap printGEOmap

Description
Print information on GEOmap strokes

Usage
printGEOmap(G)

Arguments
G GEOmap

Details
Prints the full STROES list as a dataframe.

Value
Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

projtype List of Projection types

Description
List of Projection types in GEOMAP

Usage
projtype(proj=list())

Arguments
proj Projection list

Details
Just returns possile choices.

Value
Side Effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

proj = setPROJ(type = 1, LAT0 =23, LON0 = 35)

projtype(proj)

## or, for Kamchatka-Aleutians

LL=c(54.3861210149126,171.626386683545)

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=LL[1], LON0=LL[2], LATS=NULL, LONS=NULL, DLAT=NULL, DLON=NULL, FN =0)

projtype(PROJ)
rectPERIM 135

rectPERIM Extract a rectangular perimeter

Description
Extract a rectangular perimeter

Usage
rectPERIM(x, y = 1, pct = 0)

Arguments
x x values or a list include x, y members
y y values, if missing, x must be a list
pct Percent expansion, based on range of x and y values. If pct>1 it is divided by
100 to get a fractional percent expansion.

Details
The rectangular box will be expanded based on the percent pct.

Value
list of x, y values from lower left corner counter clockwise around perimeter

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(fx, fy, xlim=c(-4, 4), ylim=c(-4,4))

rp = rectPERIM(fx, fy)

polygon(rp)
text(rp, labels=1:4, pos=c(1,1,3,3), font=2, cex=2)

fx2 =rnorm(20, m=-1)

136 rekt2line

fy2 = rnorm(20, m=-1)

Fx = list(x=fx2, y=fy2)

points(Fx$x, Fx$y, col='red')

rp = rectPERIM(Fx)

polygon(rp, border='red')

######## try expanding the perim:

plot(fx, fy, xlim=c(-4, 4), ylim=c(-4,4), asp=1)

rp = rectPERIM(fx, fy, pct=0.1)

polygon(rp)

rp = rectPERIM(fx, fy, pct=0.2)

polygon(rp)

rekt2line Rectangle Line Overlap

Description
Find points on a rectangle closest to a set of points.

Usage
rekt2line(rekt, pnts)

Arguments
rekt rectangle comprised of 4 points in counter clockwise direction.
pnts set of points inside the rectangle

Details
Program is used for exploding symbols to the edge of the rectangle input

Value
list ofnew poistion x,y values
rose 137

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also

ExplodeSymbols

Examples

F1 = list(x=rnorm(20), y=rnorm(20))
r1 = range(F1$x)
r2 = range(F1$y)

r1 = c(r1[1]-0.1*diff(r1), r1[2]+0.1*diff(r1))
r2 = c(r2[1]-0.1*diff(r2), r2[2]+0.1*diff(r2))

rekt = list(x=c(r1[1], r1[2], r1[2], r1[1]), y=c(r2[1], r2[1], r2[2], r2[2]))

pnts = list(x1=rep(mean(r1), length(F1$x)), y1=rep(mean(r2), length(F1$y)),x2= F1$x, y2=F1$y)
NEW = rekt2line(rekt, pnts)

plot(range(c(F1$x, NEW$x)) , range(c(F1$y, NEW$y)), type='n')

rect(r1[1], r2[1], r1[2], r2[2], border=grey(.75), lty=2)

points(F1, pch=2, col='blue')

segments(F1$x, F1$y, NEW$x, NEW$y)
points(NEW, pch=3, col='red')

rose Rose Diagram

Description

Rose diagram of angle orientations or directions

Usage

rose(angles, bins, x = 0, y = 0, col = "black", border = "black",

annot = FALSE, main = "", prop = 1, pts = FALSE, cex = 1, pch = 16,
dotsep = 40, siz = 1, LABS = LABS, LABangle = 180, add = FALSE, SYM = FALSE)
138 rose

Arguments
angles numeric, vector of angles in radians
bins integer, number of bins
x numeric, x location on page
y numeric, y location on page
col color for pie slices
border color for pie borders
annot logical, annotation
main character, main title
prop proportional plotting, default = 1
pts logical, add points (default=FALSE)
cex character expansion
pch plotting character
dotsep separation of dots
siz size of plot
LABS Labels
LABangle angle for plotting Label angles
add logical, add to plot (default=FALSE)
SYM logical, symmetric rose diagram (FALSE)

Details
Create a rose diagram or add rose diagram to an existing plot. Used for plotting geographic orien-
tations or directions.

Value
list:
usector sector angles
uradius sector radii
usizx x size scale
usizy y size scale
x x center on page
y y center on page

Note
For symmetric plots, bins are rotated and added together, then the reflection is made.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>
rotateGEOmap 139

See Also
package RFOC for distributions on a sphere

Examples

ff=c(23,27,53,58,64,83,85,88,93,99,100,
105,113,113,114,117,121,123,125,126,
126,126,127,127,128,128,129,132,132,
132,134,135,137,144,145,145,146,153,
155,155,155,157,163,165,171,172,179,181,186,190,212)

rose((ff-90)*pi/180, 50, x=0, y=0, LABS = c("N", "S", "W", "E"),

annot=TRUE,border='white',LABangle=135, siz =sqrt(2), SYM=FALSE)

rose((ff-90)*pi/180, 50, x=0, y=0, LABS = c("N", "S", "W", "E"),

annot=TRUE,border='white',LABangle=135, siz =sqrt(2), SYM=TRUE)

rotateGEOmap Rotate a GEOmap

Description
Rotate a GEOmap to a new location on the globe

Usage
rotateGEOmap(INmap, TARGlat, TARGlon, LAT0, LON0, beta = 0)

Arguments
INmap Input GEOmap
TARGlat Target center latitide
TARGlon Target center longitide
LAT0 Source center latitide
LON0 Source center longitide
beta rotation through axis coming out of screen
140 rotateGEOmap

Details
This function is used to translate a given map region to another for over plotting. You can compare
the areas of two region using the same projection.

Value
GEOmap list.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

zz = map('state', region = c('new york', 'new jersey', 'penn'))

neweng = maps2GEOmap(zz)

plotGEOmap(neweng)
## L1 = locator(1)
L1=list()
L1$x=c(283.671347071854)
L1$y=c(42.008587074537)

LIMS1 = list( lon=range(neweng$POINTS$lon), lat=range(neweng$POINTS$lat) )

LIMS = c(LIMS1$lon[1], LIMS1$lat[1], LIMS1$lon[2], LIMS1$lat[2])

########## prepare maps 2:

z2 = map('world', region = c('iceland'))

ice = maps2GEOmap(z2)
plotGEOmap(ice)

## L2 = locator(1)
L2=list()
L2$x=c(341.146812632372)
L2$y=c(64.9180246121089)

############ this version here is nicer, but required WORLMAP2

###kice = grep('ice' , coast2$STROKES$nam, ignore.case =TRUE)

### ice = GEOmap.Extract(coast2, kice ,"in")

MAP = rotateGEOmap(ice, L1$y , L1$x , L2$y , L2$x, beta=-90 )

rotdelta4 141

proj = setPROJ( 2, LAT0=L1$y, LON0=L1$x )

plotGEOmapXY(neweng, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="" )

plotGEOmapXY(MAP, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="",

ylab="", add = TRUE, MAPcol = grey(.85) , lwd=2, xpd=TRUE)

plotGEOmapXY(neweng, LIM=LIMS, PROJ =proj,

axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="", add=TRUE )

rotdelta4 rotation about Z-axis

Description
rotation about Z-axis

Usage
rotdelta4(delta)

Arguments
delta angle in degrees

Value
Matrix for rotation

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

rotmat2D set a rotation matrix

Description
set a rotation matrix

Usage
rotmat2D(alph)

Arguments
alph angle in radians

Value
matrix for rotation in 2 dimensions

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

######## make an ellipse

theta=seq(0,360,by=5)*pi/180

r1 = 0.4
r2 = 0.2

m=matrix(rep(0,2*length(theta)),ncol=2)

m[,1]=r1*cos(theta)
m[,2]=r2*sin(theta)

## make a dummy plot and draw ellipse

plot(c(0, 1), c(0, 1), main = "this is a test", sub = "sutitle",

xlab = "this is x", ylab = "this is y")

lines(m[,1]+.5, m[,2]+.5)

## get rotation matrix

R = rotmat2D(32)

######### apply rotation

rotx4 143

nm=m %*% R

### plot
lines(nm[,1]+.5, nm[,2]+.5, col='red')

rotx4 x-axis rotation matrix

Description
x-axis rotation matrix

Usage
rotx4(vec)

Arguments
vec vector of direction cosines

Details
Length of vector cannot be zero.

Value
Matrix for rotation

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

roty4 y-axis rotation matrix

Description

y-axis rotation matrix

Usage

roty4(vec)

Arguments

vec vector of direction cosines

Details

Length of vector cannot be zero.

Value

Matrix for rotation

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References

Rogers and Adams

See Also

rotx4, rotdelta4

Examples

v = c(12,13,-4)

roty4(v)
SELGEOmap 145

SELGEOmap Select parts of a GEOmap

Description
Using area, number of points and Lat-Lon Limits, extracts map strokes and creates a new GEOmap

Usage
SELGEOmap(MAP, ncut = 3, acut = c(0, 1e+05), proj = NULL, LIM = NULL)

Arguments
MAP Map structure
ncut minimum number of points in polygon
acut vector, min and max of areas to include
proj map projection
LIM vector, c(lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2)

Details
Uses splancs function. If proj and LIM are NULL then no selection on limits are used ncut is used
to eliminate area calculations with strokes less than the specified number.

Value
GEOmap LIST

STROKES list
nam name of stroke
num number of points in stroke
index index of stroke
col color of stroke
style style of stroke
code code of stroke
LAT1 lower left Lat of stroke
LAT2 upper right Lat of stroke
LON1 lower left Lon of stroke
LON2 upper right Lon of stroke
POINTS list
lat vector of lats
lon vector of lons
146 setMarkup

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

####### plot world map, with all lines:

plotGEOmap(worldmap)
length(worldmap$STROKES$num)
###### same plot with some lines removed:
plotGEOmap(skam)
length(skam$STROKES$num)

#####################
#####################

setMarkup Set up mark up for maps

Description
Interactive set up of mark of labels for a map

Usage
setMarkup(LABS = NULL, PROJ = NULL)

Arguments
LABS vector of labels
PROJ projection structure

Details
labels are set one-by-one and the user inout relevant information like locator() and other features

Value
List of Markup information
setplotmat 147

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(c(0, 1), c(0, 1), main = "this is a test", sub = "sutitle",

xlab = "this is x", ylab = "this is y")

LABS = c("this is", "a", "test")

MUP = setMarkup(LABS)

## End(Not run)

setplotmat set up matrices for selecting from eTOPO5

Description
set up matrices for selecting from eTOPO5

Usage
setplotmat(x, y)

Arguments
x vector of lons
y vector of lats

Details
For extracting from ETOPO5 and ETOPO2, used internally in DOTOPOMAPI

Value
list(x=EX, y=WHY)
148 SETPOLIMAP

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

ax = seq(from=PLOC$LON[1], to=PLOC$LON[2], length=10)

ay = seq(from=PLOC$LAT[1], to=PLOC$LAT[2], length=10)

G = setplotmat(ax,ay)

SETPOLIMAP Set up polygons for World map Database

Description
Divides world into continents.

Usage
SETPOLIMAP()

Details
Used for CIA data base

Value
Returns GEOmap list of continents
STROKES list(nam, num, index, col, style, code, LAT1, LAT2, LON1, LON2)
POINTS list(lat, lon)
PROJ list(type, LAT0, LON0, LAT1, LAT2, LATS, LONS, DLAT, DLON, FE, FN,
name)

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

setPROJ Set Projection

Description
Setup parameters for Map Projection

Usage
setPROJ(type = 1, LAT0 = 0, LON0 = 0, LAT1 = 0, LAT2 = 0, LATS = NULL,
LONS = NULL, DLAT = NULL, DLON = NULL, FE = 0, FN = 0, IDATUM=1)

Arguments
type Type of projection
LAT0 Central Latitude
LON0 Central Longitude
LAT1 Latitude parameter for special projection, where needed
LAT2 Latitude parameter for special projection, where needed
LATS vector of range of Latitudes
LONS vector of range of Longitudes
DLAT difference of Lats
DLON difference of Lons
FE False Easting
FN False Northing
IDATUM integer, index to the datum database

Details
Set up for the various projections used by GEOmap

Value
List of values described above

Note
Some of the parameters are not critical to all the choices or Map Projection. In that case they are
set to defaults and ignored by that projection.
LONs are modified and rectified by fmod function.
The datum data base is accesses via the function DATUMinfo. There are 11 different projection
datums. These are NAD83/WGS84, GRS 80, WGS72, Australian 1965, Krasovsky 1940, Interna-
tional (1924) -Hayford (1909), Clake 1880, Clarke 1866, Airy 1830, Bessel 1841, Everest 1830.
150 settopocol

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

See Also
projtype, XY.GLOB, GLOB.XY, DATUMinfo

Examples

###### type
projtype()
###### type = mercator spherical
setPROJ(type = 1, LAT0 =23, LON0 = 35)

### Hengill Map: lambert.cc

setPROJ(type=3, LAT0=65, LON0=360-19 ,LAT1=64+15/60,
LAT2=65+45/60,LATS=NULL,
LONS=NULL, DLAT=NULL, DLON=NULL,FE=500000,FN=500000)

### old lees/crosson projection

setPROJ(type=99, LAT0=23, LON0=35, LATS=NULL, LONS=NULL, DLAT=NULL,
DLON=NULL, FN =0)

### world map equid.cyl

setPROJ(6, LAT0=0, LON0=0)

## North Carolina Map lambert.cc

setPROJ(type=3, LAT0=36+20/60, LON0=78+30/60,LAT1=36+46/60,
LAT2=37+58/60, LATS=NULL, LONS=NULL, DLAT=NULL, DLON=NULL,FE=0,FN=0)

### No Projection
setPROJ(type = 0, LAT0 =23, LON0 = 35)

settopocol Topographic Color Map

Description
Set up vectors and structures for creating a color map for topographic plots

Usage
settopocol()
sizelegend 151

Details
RGB Colors are defined for topographic elevations and/or depths. The basic data is stored as z1
red1 green1 blue1 z2 red2 green2 blue2 and linear interpolation is used between elevations. The
color set here extends from green in lowlands around sealevel through browns and light-browns
through to whites at snow covered peaks.

Value
LIST:calcol=calcol , coltab=coltab

calcol list(z1, r1,g1,b1, z2, r2,g2,b2, note)

coltab color table, matrix

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

Examples
settopocol()

sizelegend Magnitude size legend

Description
Plot a simple legend of magnitude sizes at the top of a plot.

Usage
sizelegend(se, am, pch = pch)

Arguments
se vector, sizes
am vector, labels
pch plotting character

Details
A box around the legend is currently introduced.

Value
Graphical Side Effect
152 sqrTICXY

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

x = rnorm(30)
y = rnorm(30)

mags = runif(30, 1,8)

plot(x, y, type="n")

esiz = exp(mags)
rsiz = RPMG::RESCALE(esiz, .4, 10, min(esiz), max(esiz))
points(x, y, pch=1, cex=rsiz)

am = pretty(mags)
am = am[am>min(mags) & am<max(mags) ]

em = exp(am)
se = RPMG::RESCALE(em, .4, 10, min(esiz), max(esiz))

sizelegend(se, am, pch=1)

sqrTICXY Tick marks for Square plot

Description
Lat-Lon Tick marks and grid for Square plot

Usage
sqrTICXY(prsurf, proj, side = c(1, 2, 3, 4), PMAT=NULL, LLgrid = TRUE,
col = "black", colt = "black", font=5, cex=1, lty=2, lwd=1,
pcex=1, TICS=NULL)

Arguments
prsurf list with x, y
proj projection
side vector, which sides to plot, 1=bottom, 2=left, 3=top, 4=right
sqrTICXY 153

PMAT projection matrix from persp

LLgrid logical, whether to add grid
col color for grid
colt color for text
font default=2, font for labels
cex character expansion for tic labels
lty Line type for lines, default=2
lwd Line width for lines, default=1
pcex character expansion for tics, pch=2
TICS list(lat, lon) this will replace the default

Value
Graphical side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

KAMlat = c(48.5, 65)

KAMlon = c(150, 171)
proj = setPROJ( 2, LAT0=mean(KAMlat) , LON0=mean(KAMlon) )
PLOC=list(LON=KAMlon,LAT=KAMlat)

PLON = seq(from=KAMlon[1], to=KAMlon[2], by=2)

PLAT = seq(from=KAMlat[1], to=KAMlat[2], by=2)

proj = setPROJ(2, LON0=mean(KAMlon), LAT0=mean(KAMlat))

library(geomapdata)
data(worldmap)

plotGEOmapXY(worldmap, LIM=c(KAMlon[1], KAMlat[1], KAMlon[2], KAMlat[2]),

PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="" )

kbox = GLOB.XY( KAMlat,KAMlon, proj)

sqrTICXY(kbox , proj, side=c(1,2,3,4), LLgrid=TRUE, col=grey(.7) )

############# more detailed map:

data(kammap)

plotGEOmapXY(kammap, LIM=c(KAMlon[1], KAMlat[1], KAMlon[2], KAMlat[2]),

154 SSfault

PROJ =proj, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="" )

kbox = GLOB.XY( KAMlat,KAMlon, proj)

sqrTICXY(kbox , proj, side=c(1,2,3,4), LLgrid=TRUE, col=grey(.7) )

SSfault Strike Slip Fault

Description
Plot a strike slip fault

Usage
SSfault(x, y, h = 1, hoff = 0.15, rot = list(cs = 1, sn = 0),
col = "black", dextral = TRUE, lwd = 1)

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
h length of symbol
hoff distance from line
rot rotation list
col color
dextral logical, TRUE=dextral polarity
lwd line width

Details
Rotation vector is provided as list(cs=vector(), sn=vector()).

Value
Graphical Side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=3)

lines(G$x,G$y,col='blue')

### left lateral strike slip: sinestral

sk = 2
SSfault(g$x,g$y,h=sk,hoff=sk, rot=g$rot , col='blue', dextral=FALSE)

### right lateral strike slip: dextral

plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

lines(G$x,G$y,col='blue')

SSfault(g$x,g$y,h=sk,hoff=sk, rot=g$rot , col='blue', dextral=TRUE)

STROKEinfo Stroke Information

Description
print stroke information from a GEOmap data base

Usage
STROKEinfo(map, w = 1, h = NULL)

Arguments
map GEOmap data list
w which strokes to extract, vector of number indices or single string to match
names in data base list
h numeric vector of columns of data base, or vector of characters to match names.
156 subsetTOPO

Details
Uses grep to match names so can have short names

Value
data.frame of extracted strokes

Note
Use gsub to change the names of strokes.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

STROKEinfo(coastmap, w="Indo", h=c("nam", "col" ) )

subsetTOPO Subset a Topo map

Description
Extract a subset of a topo DEM

Usage
subsetTOPO(TOPO, ALOC, PROJ, nx=500, ny=500, nb = 4, mb = 4, hb = 8)

Arguments
TOPO DEM list including x,y,z
ALOC list including LAT LON vectors for extracting an array from the DEM
PROJ projection
nx number of points in x grid, default=500
ny number of points in y grid, default=500
subsetTOPO 157

nb see function mba.surf, default = 4

mb see function mba.surf, default = 4
hb see function mba.surf , default= 8

Details

Used for extracting a subset of ETOPO5 or ETOPO2.

ETOPO5 or ETOPO2 can be downloaded from and installed using these links: http://leesj.
sites.oasis.unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO2.RData and http://leesj.sites.oasis.
unc.edu/FETCH/GRAB/RPACKAGES/ETOPO5.RData

Value

x vector x-coordinates
y vector y-coordinates
z 2D matrix of elevations

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

See Also

GEOTOPO

Examples

## Not run:
#### first install the ETOPO5 data package
library(geomapdata)
load(ETOPO5)
## data(ETOPO5)
PLOC=list(LON=c(137.008, 141.000),LAT=c(34.000, 36.992),
x=c(137.008, 141.000), y=c(34.000, 36.992) )

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

JAPANtopo = subsetTOPO(ETOPO5, PLOC, PROJ)

## End(Not run)
158 SynAnticline

SynAnticline Syncline and Anticline traces

Description

Syncline and Anticline traces

Usage

SynAnticline(x, y, syn = TRUE, spacing = NULL, N = 1, r1 = 1, r2 = 1.2,

h1 = 0, h2 = 0, endtol = 0.1, REV = FALSE, col = "black", ...)

Arguments

Value

Graphical Side effect

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

See Also

PointsAlong
targetLL 159

Examples

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

G =getsplineG(ff$x, ff$y, kdiv=20)

######## anticline
plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

SynAnticline(G$x,G$y, N=5, syn=FALSE, endtol=.2)

######## syncline
plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )
SynAnticline(G$x,G$y, N=5, syn=FALSE, endtol=.2)

targetLL Target Lat-Lon

Description
Get a target Lat-Lon from a set of Lat-Lon pairs

Usage
targetLL(sta, rdist = 100)

Arguments
sta station list (with slots lat lon)
rdist radius in km

Details
Uses the Median station as the center and returns the lat-lon extents of the target region.

Value
list(

A matrix with lat-lon pairs (lons=(0,360)

160 teeth

B matrix with lat-lon pairs (lons=(-180, 180))

mlat median latitude
mlon median longitude
Jlat range of lats
Jlon range of lons
proj projection list

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

sta=list( lat=rnorm(10, mean=60, sd=0.5),

lon = rnorm(10, mean=60, sd=0.5))

A = targetLL(sta, rdist = 100)

print(A)

sta=list( lat=rnorm(10, mean=-30, sd=0.5),

lon = rnorm(10, mean=-40, sd=0.5))

A = targetLL(sta, rdist = 100)

print(A)

teeth Add Teeth to line

Description

Add teeth marks to a line.

Usage

teeth(x, y, h, rot, col = "black", border = "black")

teeth 161

Arguments

x x-coordinates
y y coordinates
h height of tooth
rot rotation of teeth
col color of line
border color of border, default= col

Details

The rotation is usually determined by consecutive x-y points

Value

Graphical Side effect

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

See Also

thrust

Examples

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

ff=list()
ff$x=c(-4.850,-4.700,-3.934,-2.528, 0.603, 2.647, 3.861, 2.626)
ff$y=c(-4.045,-2.087,-0.710, 0.172, 1.291, 2.087,-0.753,-4.131)

lines(ff)
points(ff)

### thrust uses teeth

thrust(ff$x, ff$y, h=2, N=12, REV=FALSE)
162 thrust

thrust Thrust Fault

Description
Add Thrust fault with teeth on overlying block

Usage
thrust(x, y, h = 1, N=1, REV = FALSE, endtol=0.1, col = "black", ...)

Arguments
x x-coordinates
y y-coordinates
h height of teeth
N NUmber of points along line
endtol percent tolerance on ends of line
REV reverse direction of x-y (teeth on other side)
col color of teeth and line
... graphical parameters

Value
Graphical Side effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

TOPOCOL 163

thrust(ff$x, ff$y, h=2, N=14, REV=FALSE)

########## reverse side:

plot(c(-5,5), c(-5,5), asp=1, type='n' )

thrust(ff$x, ff$y, h=2, N=14, REV=TRUE)

TOPOCOL Create Topography ColorMAP

Description

Given an x-y-Z create a matrix of colors for plotting in persp

Usage

TOPOCOL(IZ, calcol)

Arguments

IZ Matrix of values
calcol Color mapping of elevations to rgb colors

Details

colors are interpolated between boundaries in the color map

Value

Matrix of colors suitable for insertion to persp

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

See Also

persp
164 TOPOCOL

Examples

colk1 = 50
colk2 = 210
colk3 = 220
colk4 = 250
BWpal2 = list(z1=c(-3000, 0, 2000, 3500),
r1=c(0,colk1, colk3, colk4),
g1=c(0,colk1, colk3, colk4),
b1=c(0,colk1, colk3, colk4),
z2=c(0, 2000, 3500, 5000),
r2=c(0,colk2,colk4,255),
g2=c(0,colk2,colk4,255),
b2=c(0,colk2,colk4,255),
note=c("black, black", "grey, grey", "white, white", "white, white")
)

data(volcano)

MYCOLL = TOPOCOL(volcano, BWpal2)

z <- 2 * volcano # Exaggerate the relief

x <- 10 * (1:nrow(z)) # 10 meter spacing (S to N)
y <- 10 * (1:ncol(z)) # 10 meter spacing (E to W)
## Don't draw the grid lines : border = NA
par(bg = "slategray")
Dcol = attr( MYCOLL , "Dcol")

persp(x, y, z, theta = 135, phi = 30,

col = MYCOLL[1:(Dcol[1]-1), 1:(Dcol[2]-1)], scale = FALSE,
ltheta = -120, shade = 0.75, border = NA, box = FALSE)

calcol=settopocol()
MYCOLL = TOPOCOL(volcano, calcol$calcol)

Dcol = attr( MYCOLL , "Dcol")

K <- 8 *volcano

MYCOLL = TOPOCOL(K, calcol$calcol)

persp(x, y, z, theta = 135, phi = 30,

col = MYCOLL[1:(Dcol[1]-1), 1:(Dcol[2]-1)], scale = FALSE,
ltheta = -120, shade = 0.75, border = NA, box = FALSE)
trans4 165

trans4 Translation matrix

Description

Translation matrix for rotations

Usage

trans4(vec)

Arguments

vec 3 vector

Value

4 by 4 matrix

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

References

Rogers and Adams

See Also

rotx4, roty4, rotdelta4

Examples

trans4(c(0,0,0))
166 UTM.ll

UTM.ll Map projection

Description

UTM Map projection parameters supplied and X-Y, return the LAT-LON values, WGS-84

Usage

UTM.ll(x , y , PROJ.DATA)
utm.wgs84.ll(x , y , PROJ.DATA)

Arguments

x x
y y
PROJ.DATA list of projection parameters

Value

List

phi Latitude-coordinate
lam Longitude-coordinate

Note

When calling the conversion from LL to XY or vice versa, convert the lon to 0 to 360. Use
RPMG::fmod for this conversion. This may be rectified in future revisions.

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References

Snyder

See Also

setPROJ, GLOB.XY, projtype, utm.sphr.ll, UTMzone, plotUTM, utmbox, DATUMinfo

utm.sphr.ll 167

Examples
lat = 40.5
lon = -73.50
LON = RPMG::fmod(lon, 360)

uzone = UTMzone(lat, lon)

lon0 = uzone$CEN[2]
#### clark1866
wproj8 = setPROJ(type = 8, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0, IDATUM=8)
uu = UTM.xy(lat, LON , wproj8)
UTM.ll(uu$x, uu$y ,wproj8)

### wgs84
wproj1 = setPROJ(type = 8, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0 , IDATUM=1)
uu = UTM.xy(lat,LON , wproj1)

UTM.ll(uu$x, uu$y ,wproj1)

utm.sphr.ll Map projection

Description
Using Map projection parameters supplied and X-Y, return the LAT-LON values

Usage
utm.sphr.ll(x , y , PROJ.DATA)

Arguments
x x
y y
PROJ.DATA list of projection parameters

Value
List
phi Latitude-coordinate
lam Longitude-coordinate

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>
168 utm.sphr.xy

References
Snyder

utm.sphr.xy Map projection

Description
Using Map projection parameters supplied and LAT-LON, return the x-y values

Usage
utm.sphr.xy(phi, lam, PROJ.DATA)

Arguments
phi Latitude
lam Longitude
PROJ.DATA list of projection parameters

Value
List

x x-coordinate
y y-coordinate

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References
Snyder

UTM.xy Map projection

Description

UTM Map projection parameters supplied and LAT-LON, return the x-y values, WGS-84 datum

Usage

UTM.xy(phideg, lamdeg, PROJ.DATA)

utm.wgs84.xy(phideg, lamdeg, PROJ.DATA)

Arguments

phideg Latitude
lamdeg Longitude
PROJ.DATA list of projection parameters

Value

List

x x-coordinate
y y-coordinate

Note

When calling the conversion from LL to XY or vice versa, convert the lon to 0 to 360. Use
RPMG::fmod for this conversion. This may be rectified in future revisions.

Author(s)

Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References

Snyder, J. P., 1987; Map Projections - A Working Manual. U.S. Geological Survey Professional
Paper 1395, 383 p.

See Also

setPROJ, GLOB.XY, projtype, utm.sphr.xy, UTMzone, plotUTM, utmbox, DATUMinfo

170 utmbox

Examples
lat = 40.5
lon = -73.50
lon0 = -75
LON = RPMG::fmod(lon, 360)

wproj = setPROJ(type = 5, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0 , FE = 0 )

u1 = utm.elps.xy(lat, LON ,wproj )

utm.wgs84.xy(lat, LON ,wproj)

#### also for more general UTM:

### this is the wgs84 projection
wproj1 = setPROJ(type = 8, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0 , FE = 0 , IDATUM=1 )
UTM.xy(lat, LON,wproj1)

### this is the Clark-1866 (see page 270 in Snyder)

wproj8 = setPROJ(type = 8, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0 , FE = 0 , IDATUM=8)
UTM.xy(lat, LON,wproj8)

## which is the same as:

uzone = UTMzone(lat, lon)

lon0 = uzone$CEN[2]
wproj = setPROJ(type = 5, LAT0 = 0 , LON0 = lon0 , FE = 500000 )
utm.elps.xy(lat, LON,wproj )

## to see all the Datums, use: DATUMinfo()

utmbox Get UTM Box info

Description
Get UTM Box info

Usage
utmbox(lat, lon)

Arguments
lat latitude
lon longitude
UTMzone 171

Value
List:
lon input point longitude
lat input point latitude
LON LL corner longitude
LAT LL corner latitude
utmbox List: x=utm number, y=utm letter
UTM0 List: center of box: lam=long, phi=lat

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

UTMzone UTM zone information

Description
Return the UTM zone information

Usage
UTMzone(lat, lon = NA)

Arguments
lat latitude
lon longitude

Details
The function works two ways: If the lat-lon are numeric and lon is not NA then the UTM zone
information is returned. If lon is NA and lat is one of the UTM zones, then the lat-lon information
for that zone is returned.
172 X.prod

Value
list:

zone Character, zone designation

LON longitude range of the zone
LAT latitude range of the zone
CEN center of the zone, used for projections

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

See Also
setPROJ, UTM.xy, UTM.ll, DATUMinfo

Examples
lat = 40.5
lon = -73.50
UTMzone(lat, lon)
## or
UTMzone("18T")

X.prod Cross Product

Description
Vector Cross Product for spatial cartesian vectors

Usage
X.prod(a, b)

Arguments
a 3-vector
b 3-vector

Value
3-vector

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>
XSECDEMg 173

Examples

v1 = c(1,1,1)
v2= c(-1, -1, 1)
X.prod(v1, v2)

XSECDEMg Cross Sections Using RPMG

Description
This function Takes a Digital Elevation Map (or any surface) and illustrates how to take interactive
cross sections with RPMG through the surface.

Usage
XSECDEMg(Data, labs=NULL, pts=NULL, nlevels=10, demo=FALSE)

Arguments
Data Structure with x, y, z components, typical of contoured surfaces or digital images
labs Vector of labels for Buttons used in the RPMG
pts Points to plot on map view
nlevels Number of levels for contours
demo Argument used to turn off interactive part. Default is FALSE, but for package
construction is set to TRUE so no interaction is required.

Details
XSECDEMg is an example stub illustrating the use of RPMG. The idea is to set up a while() loop
that uses input from the locator() function to execute or analyze data depending on user defined
buttons. Actions are executed when the button clicked matches the list of names provided by the
user.

Value
No return values

Note
This code is designed as an example of how to set up a Really Poor Man’s GUI. The demo argument
is supplied so that this code will run without user input, as when creating a checks for package
construction.
174 XSECEQ

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees <[email protected]>

XSECEQ Iinteractive earthquake cross section

Description
Iinteractive earthquake cross section

Usage
XSECEQ(MAP, EQ, XSECS = NULL, labs = c("DONE", "REFRESH", "XSEC",
"MSEC"),
width = 10, kmaxes = TRUE, pch = ".", demo = FALSE, png=FALSE )

Arguments
MAP Geologic Map Structure
EQ list of earthquakes
XSECS list of cross sections
labs labels for cross sections
width width of swaths
kmaxes logical, TRUE=keep all cross sections same depth
pch plotting character
demo Logical, TRUE=not-interactive
png Logical, TRUE=create png files of the cross sections
XSECEQ 175

Value
Graphical side effects and creates cross-sectional swaths returned as a list, see eqswath for list
structure.

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

########## get map of Japan

data('japmap', package='geomapdata' )
proj = setPROJ(type = 2, LAT0=35.358,LON0=138.731)

NIHON = list(lat=range(c(japmap$STROKE$LAT1, japmap$STROKE$LAT2)) ,

lon = range(c(japmap$STROKE$LON1, japmap$STROKE$LON2)))

xyjap = GLOB.XY(NIHON$lat, NIHON$lon, proj)

NIHON = c(NIHON, xyjap)

MAP = list()
MAP[[1]] = NIHON
attr(MAP, "XYLIM") <- NIHON
attr(MAP, "PROJ") <- proj

MAP[[2]] = japmap

########### load Engdahl earthquake Data base

########
data(EHB.LLZ)

flagEHB = EHB.LLZ$lat>=NIHON$lat[1] & EHB.LLZ$lat<=NIHON$lat[2] &

RPMG::fmod(EHB.LLZ$lon, 360)>+NIHON$lon[1] & RPMG::fmod(EHB.LLZ$lon,
360)<=NIHON$lon[2]

eqJ = GLOB.XY(EHB.LLZ$lat[flagEHB], EHB.LLZ$lon[flagEHB], proj)

EQ =list()
EQ[[1]]=list(lat=EHB.LLZ$lat[flagEHB], lon=EHB.LLZ$lon[flagEHB] ,
x=eqJ$x, y=eqJ$y, z=EHB.LLZ$z[flagEHB], col="brown", pch=".", cex=1.5)

rz = NULL
for(i in 1:length(EQ))
{
176 XSECwin

rz = range(c(rz, EQ[[1]]$z), na.rm=TRUE )

for(i in 1:length(EQ))
{
iz = RPMG::RESCALE(EQ[[i]]$z, 1, 100, rz[1], rz[2])
EQ[[i]]$COL = rainbow(100)[iz]
}

labs=c("DONE","REFRESH", "XSEC", "MSEC", "KMAXES", "CONT", "width", "PS" )

NSWath = XSECEQ( MAP, EQ , labs=labs, width=30, demo=FALSE )

data(NSWath)
NSWath2 = XSECEQ( MAP, EQ ,XSECS=NSWath, labs, width=30, demo=TRUE )

## End(Not run)

XSECwin Cross sectional plot with earthquakes projected

Description
Cross section of earthquakes.

Usage
XSECwin(SW, iseclab = 1, xLAB = "A",
labs = c("DONE", "REFRESH", "PS"), width = 10, demo = FALSE)

Arguments
SW list of swath data
iseclab section number
xLAB Label
labs labels
width width of swath
demo logical, TRUE=not interactive

Details
Called by XSECEQ; but this can be run independantly if plots are needed after interactive process-
ing.
XSECwin 177

Value
Graphical Side effects

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

NIHON = list(lat=range(c(japmap$STROKE$LAT1, japmap$STROKE$LAT2)) ,

lon = range(c(japmap$STROKE$LON1, japmap$STROKE$LON2)))

xyjap = GLOB.XY(NIHON$lat, NIHON$lon, proj)

NIHON = c(NIHON, xyjap)

MAP = list()
MAP[[1]] = NIHON
attr(MAP, "XYLIM") <- NIHON
attr(MAP, "PROJ") <- proj

MAP[[2]] = japmap

########### load Engdahl earthquake Data base

########
data('EHB.LLZ' )

flagEHB = EHB.LLZ$lat>=NIHON$lat[1] & EHB.LLZ$lat<=NIHON$lat[2] &

RPMG::fmod(EHB.LLZ$lon, 360)>+NIHON$lon[1] & RPMG::fmod(EHB.LLZ$lon,
360)<=NIHON$lon[2]

eqJ = GLOB.XY(EHB.LLZ$lat[flagEHB], EHB.LLZ$lon[flagEHB], proj)

EQ =list()
EQ[[1]]=list(lat=EHB.LLZ$lat[flagEHB], lon=EHB.LLZ$lon[flagEHB] ,
x=eqJ$x, y=eqJ$y, z=EHB.LLZ$z[flagEHB], col="brown", pch=".", cex=1.5)

rz = NULL
for(i in 1:length(EQ))
{
rz = range(c(rz, EQ[[1]]$z), na.rm=TRUE )
178 XY.GLOB

for(i in 1:length(EQ))
{
iz = RPMG::RESCALE(EQ[[i]]$z, 1, 100, rz[1], rz[2])
EQ[[i]]$COL = rainbow(100)[iz]
}

labs=c("DONE","REFRESH", "XSEC", "MSEC", "KMAXES", "CONT", "width",

"PS" )
## load example cross sections:
data(NSWath)
NSWath2 = XSECEQ( MAP, EQ ,XSECS=NSWath, labs, width=30, demo=TRUE )

####### show cross sections:

for(i in 1:length(NSWath))
{

## dev.new()
LAB = attr(NSWath[[i]], "LAB")

XSECwin( NSWath[[i]] , iseclab=i, xLAB=LAB , labs=NULL, demo=TRUE )

}

## End(Not run)

XY.GLOB Convert from XY to GLOBAL LAT-LON

Description
Convert from XY to GLOBAL LAT-LON

Usage
XY.GLOB(x, y, PROJ.DATA)

Arguments
x X in whatever units
y Y in whatever units
PROJ.DATA Projection list

Details
Units are whatever is returned from the projection definition. This is the inverse of GLOB.XY.
xyz2ll 179

Value
If it is a LIST, use

lat Latitude
lon Longitude

...

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<jonathan.lees.edu>

References
Snyder, John P., Map Projections- a working manual, USGS, Professional Paper, 1987.

proj = setPROJ(type = 2, LAT0 =23, LON0 = 35)

XY.GLOB(200, 300, proj)

xyz2ll Cartesian to Lat-Lon

Description
Cartesian to Lat-Lon

Usage
xyz2ll(x)

Arguments
x 3-vector

Details
Returns Latitude not Co-latitude
180 zebra

Value
2-vector of lat-lon

Note
Does only one point at a time

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

zebra Horizontal Zebra Scale

Description
Plot a zebra style horizontal scale on a projected map.

Usage
zebra(x, y, Dx, dx, dy, lab = "", pos=1, col = c("black", "white"),
cex = 1, textcol="black", xpd=TRUE, PMAT = NULL)

Arguments
x x-coordinate of left corner
y y-coordinate of left corner
Dx distance in x, km
dx distance for zebra stripes in x
dy thickness in km
lab labels
pos position of text, 1=below, 3=above, as in par
col 2-vector of colors, for the alternating bars
cex character expansion
textcol color for the text
xpd logical, graphic parameter for clipping (see par)
PMAT 3D projection matrix from persp
zebra 181

Details
Plots a zebra style kilometer scale on the current plot

Value
Graphical Side effect

Author(s)
Jonathan M. Lees<[email protected]>

Examples

library(geomapdata)

data(USAmap)
USALL=list()
USALL$lat=c(24.72853,49.62741)
USALL$lon=c(229.29389,296.41803)
## set UTM projection
PROJ = setPROJ(type = 2, LAT0 =mean(USALL$lat), LON0 = mean(USALL$lon) )

#### plot with UTM projection:

plotGEOmapXY(USAmap, LIM= c(USALL$lon[1], USALL$lat[1],
USALL$lon[2], USALL$lat[2] ) , PROJ=PROJ, add=FALSE, shiftlon=0)

zeb=list()
zeb$x=c(197.727896066)
zeb$y=c(-1155.81158234)

zebra(zeb$x[1],zeb$y[1], 1000, 100, 60, lab="Km", cex=.6)

Index

∗ aplot BASICTOPOMAP, 12
addLLXY, 6 boundGEOmap, 16
addTIX, 8 CCcheck, 17
antipolygon, 10 ccw, 18
bcars, 14 darc, 25
ColorScale, 20 DATUMinfo, 26
faultdip, 42 demcmap, 27
faultperp, 43 difflon, 27
GEOsymbols, 55 distaz, 28
horseshoe, 75 dms, 30
linesGEOmapXY, 88 DUMPLOC, 31
normalfault, 108 Ellipsoidal.Distance, 32
OverTurned, 113 eqswath, 36
perpen, 115 ExcludeGEOmap, 37
pgon, 116 expandbound, 38
SynAnticline, 158 explode, 39
teeth, 160 ExplodeSymbols, 40
thrust, 162 fixCoastwrap, 44
zebra, 180 gclc, 45
∗ datasets geoarea, 46
coastmap, 19 geoLEGEND, 47
EHB.LLZ, 32 GEOmap.breakline, 50
NSWath, 111 GEOmap.breakpoly, 50
∗ hplot GEOmap.cat, 51
GEOTOPO, 56 GEOmap.CombineStrokes, 52
plotGEOmap, 118 GEOmap.Extract, 53
plotGEOmapXY, 120 GEOmap.list, 54
plotusa, 126 GEOTOPO, 56
plotworldmap, 128 getETOPO, 58
XSECEQ, 174 getGEOmap, 59
XSECwin, 176 getGEOperim, 61
∗ iplot getgreatarc, 62
GETXprofile, 67 getmagsize, 63
locworld, 95 getnicetix, 64
XSECDEMg, 173 getspline, 65
XSECEQ, 174 getsplineG, 66
XSECwin, 176 GLOB.XY, 68
∗ misc GLOBE.ORTH, 69
along.great, 9 GlobeView, 72

182
INDEX 183

gmat, 73 SETPOLIMAP, 148

goodticdivs, 74 setPROJ, 149
inpoly, 77 settopocol, 150
insertNA, 78 sizelegend, 151
insertvec, 79 sqrTICXY, 152
inside, 79 SSfault, 154
insideGEOmapXY, 81 STROKEinfo, 155
KINOUT, 82 subsetTOPO, 156
lamaz.eqarea, 83 targetLL, 159
LandSeaCol, 85 TOPOCOL, 163
lcgc, 87 trans4, 165
Lintersect, 89 UTM.ll, 166
list.GEOmap, 90 utm.sphr.ll, 167
ll2xyz, 92 utm.sphr.xy, 168
Lll2xyz, 92 UTM.xy, 169
LLlabel, 93 utmbox, 170
LOCPOLIMAP, 94 UTMzone, 171
Lxyz2ll, 96 X.prod, 172
MAPconstants, 97 XY.GLOB, 178
maplim, 98 xyz2ll, 179
maps2GEOmap, 99 ∗ package
mapTeleSeis, 101 GEOmap-package, 4
Markup, 103
merid, 104 addLLXY, 6
niceLLtix, 106 addTIX, 8
NoOverlap, 107 along.great, 9
NSarrow, 110 antipolygon, 10
ortho.proj, 112
BASICTOPOMAP, 12
pline, 117
bcars, 14
plothypos, 122
boundGEOmap, 16
plotnicetix, 125
plotUTM, 127 CCcheck, 17
PointsAlong, 129 ccw, 18
polyintern, 131 coastmap, 19
printGEOinfo, 132 ColorScale, 20
printGEOmap, 133
projtype, 134 darc, 24
rectPERIM, 135 DATUMinfo, 26
rekt2line, 136 demcmap, 27
rose, 137 difflon, 27
rotateGEOmap, 139 distaz, 28
rotdelta4, 141 dms, 30
rotmat2D, 142 DUMPLOC, 31
rotx4, 143
roty4, 144 EHB.LLZ, 32
SELGEOmap, 145 Ellipsoidal.Distance, 32
setMarkup, 146 eqswath, 36
setplotmat, 147 equid.cyl.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167
184 INDEX

equid.cyl.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168 lamaz.eqarea, 83

ExcludeGEOmap, 37 lamaz.inverse (lamaz.eqarea), 83
expandbound, 38 lambert.cc.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167
explode, 39 lambert.cc.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168
ExplodeSymbols, 40 lambert.ea.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167
lambert.ea.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168
fastExtract (GEOmap.Extract), 53 LandSeaCol, 85
faultdip, 42 lcgc, 87
faultperp, 43 linesGEOmapXY, 88
fixCoastwrap, 44 Lintersect, 89
list.GEOmap, 90
gclc, 45
ll2xyz, 92
GCLCFR (gclc), 45
Lll2xyz, 92
geoarea, 46
LLlabel, 93
geoLEGEND, 47
LOCPOLIMAP, 94
GEOmap (GEOmap-package), 4
locworld, 95
GEOmap-package, 4
Lxyz2ll, 96
GEOmap.breakline, 50
GEOmap.breakpoly, 50
MAPconstants, 97
GEOmap.cat, 51
maplim, 98
GEOmap.CombineStrokes, 52
maps2GEOmap, 99
GEOmap.Extract, 53
mapTeleSeis, 101
GEOmap.limit (GEOmap.Extract), 53
Markup, 103
GEOmap.list, 54
merc.sphr.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167
GEOsymbols, 55
merc.sphr.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168
GEOTOPO, 56
merid, 104
getETOPO, 58
getGEOmap, 59 niceLLtix, 106
getGEOperim, 61 NoOverlap, 107
getgreatarc, 62 normalfault, 108
getmagsize, 63 NSarrow, 110
getnicetix, 64
NSWath, 111
getspline, 65
getsplineG, 66 ortho.proj, 112
GETXprofile, 67 OverTurned, 113
GLOB.XY, 68
GLOBE.ORTH, 69 paral (merid), 104
GlobeView, 72 perpen, 115
gmat, 73 pgon, 116
goodticdivs, 74 pline, 117
plotGEOmap, 118
horseshoe, 75
plotGEOmapXY, 120
inpoly, 77 plothypos, 122
insertNA, 78 plotnicetix, 125
insertvec, 79 plotusa, 126
inside, 79 plotUTM, 127
insideGEOmapXY, 81 plotworldmap, 128
PointsAlong, 129
KINOUT, 82 pointsGEOmapXY (linesGEOmapXY), 88
INDEX 185

polyGEOmapXY (linesGEOmapXY), 88 X.prod, 172

polyintern, 131 XSECDEMg, 173
printGEOinfo, 132 XSECEQ, 174
printGEOmap, 133 XSECwin, 176
projtype, 134 XY.GLOB, 178
xyz2ll, 179
rectGEOmapXY (linesGEOmapXY), 88
rectPERIM, 135 zebra, 180
rekt2line, 136
rose, 137
rotateGEOmap, 139
rotdelta4, 141
rotmat2D, 142
rotx4, 143
roty4, 144

SELGEOmap, 145
setMarkup, 146
setplotmat, 147
SETPOLIMAP, 148
setPROJ, 149
settopocol, 150
sizelegend, 151
sqrTICXY, 152
SSfault, 154
stereo.sphr.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167
stereo.sphr.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168
STROKEinfo, 155
subsetTOPO, 156
SynAnticline, 158

targetLL, 159
teeth, 160
textGEOmapXY (linesGEOmapXY), 88
thrust, 162
TOPOCOL, 163
trans4, 165

utm.elps.ll (utm.sphr.ll), 167

utm.elps.xy (utm.sphr.xy), 168
UTM.ll, 166
utm.sphr.ll, 167
utm.sphr.xy, 168
utm.wgs84.ll (UTM.ll), 166
utm.wgs84.xy (UTM.xy), 169
UTM.xy, 169
utmbox, 170
UTMzone, 171

vane (NSarrow), 110

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GEOmap

Uploaded by

GEOmap

Uploaded by

Package ‘GEOmap’

October 12, 2022

### get lat-lon

## find x-y again, should be the same

PLON = seq(from=KAMlon[1], to=KAMlon[2], by=2)

proj = setPROJ(2, LON0=mean(KAMlon), LAT0=mean(KAMlat))

xy = GLOB.XY(KAMlat, KAMlon , proj)

plot(kbox$x,kbox$y, type='n', axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="", asp=1)

sqrTICXY(kbox , proj, side=c(1,2,3,4), LLgrid=TRUE, col=grey(.7) )

addLLXY Add Lat-Lon points using projection

Add Lat-Lon points using projection

addLLXY(lats, lons, PROJ = PROJ, PMAT = NULL,

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

plotGEOmapXY(japmap, PROJ=PROJ,SEL=isel1, add=FALSE, axes=FALSE, xlab="", ylab="")

addLLXY(PLAT, PLON, PROJ=PROJ, LABS=TRUE, PMAT=NULL, TICS=c(.1,.1) )

addTIX Add Tic marks to map

##########3 this program is run internally

PROJ = setPROJ(type=2, LAT0=mean(PLOC$y) , LON0=mean(PLOC$x) )

gxy = GLOB.XY(PLOC$LAT, PLOC$LON, PROJ)

PLON = c(min(PLOC$LON), PLON[PLON>min(PLOC$LON)&PLON<max(PLOC$LON)], max(PLOC$LON))

plot(gxy$x, gxy$y, asp=TRUE)

addTIX(PLAT, PLON, PMAT=NULL, col='red', TICS=c(.1,.1), PROJ=PROJ)

along.great Along A great Arc

phi latitudes, radians

A = along.great(lat1*pi/180, lon1*pi/180, 50*pi/180, -63*pi/180)

antipolygon Fill the complement of a polygon

######### some data points to plot:

BASICTOPOMAP Basic Topogrpahy Map

### target region

#### set up projection

#### project target

####### select topo

### project topo data

### set up out put matrix:

####### interpolation using akima

####### underwater section

#### create perimeter:

### lats for tic marks:

### main program:

BASICTOPOMAP(xo, yo , DOIMG, DOCONT, UZ, AZ, IZ, perim, PLAT, PLON,

### add in the map information

bcars Plot Box Cars

g = PointsAlong(G$x, G$y, N=6)

plot(G$x, G$y, type='n',asp=1, axes=FALSE, xlab='', ylab='')

boundGEOmap Set Bounds for GEOmap

CCcheck Counter Clockwise check

plot(c(160, 200),c(-85, 85), type='n')

ccw Counter Clockwise Whorl

l1 = list(p1=list(x=0, y=0), p2=list(x=1,y=1))

ccw(l1$p1, l1$p2, l2$p1)

coastmap Global Coast Map

######### change the colors based on code

plotGEOmap(coastmap , border='black' , add=FALSE, xaxs='i')

ColorScale Color Scale

image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y))

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) ,offset=.8,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.8 ,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2 ,

plot(range(x), range(y), type='n', asp=1, ann=FALSE, axes=FALSE)

## image(x=x, y=y, z=volcano, col = rainbow(100), add=TRUE)

axis(1, at=XAX, pos=y[1])

axis(2, at=YAX, pos=x[1])

rect(x[1], y[1], max(x), max(y))

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)) , offset=.8, gradcol= NA,

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.8 ,numbcol

ColorScale(volcano, loc=list(x=range(x), y=range(y)), offset=.2

A = along.great(lat1pi/180, lon1pi/180, 50pi/180, -63pi/180)