Chapter 2

Cell: The Unit of Life

Activity 1

Question 1

Name the following:

1. The kind of microscope that consists of a single biconvex lens.

2. The kind of mirror used for throwing light on the object in Hooke's
microscope.

Question 2

What is the maximum magnification that can usually be achieved by

1. a compound microscope

2. an electron microscope?

Activity 2

Question 1

Name the following:

1. Any two one-celled organisms.

2. The longest cells in animals.

3. Amoeboid cells in humans.

4. Shape of white blood cells.

Question 2

A large surface area/volume ratio of the cells ensure a greater diffusion of

certain substances into the cell. Name such substances.

Activity 3
1. Name the part of cell in which many chemical reactions occur with the
help of enzymes.

2. a network of chromatin fibres occurs.

3. cellulose forms the main component.

Question 2

1. Differentiate between an organ and an organelle

2. a plant cell and an animal cell pertaining to the presence of plastids.

Question 3

Name the cell organelles concerned with

1. Secretion of enzymes

2. Trapping of solar energy

3. Synthesis of proteins

4. Intracellular digestion

5. Production of ATP

Question 4

Name the cell organelle/component which is

1. composed of cellulose

2. formed of an irregular network of tubular double membranes

3. a clear space with water or other substances in solution

4. visible only in cell division stages

Question 5

Mention if the following statements are true or false. If false, suggest the
change in the information underlined.

1. Prokaryotic cells have larger ribosomes.

2. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

3. Amoeba is an example of Prokaryotes.

4. Nuclear membrane is present in bacteria.

Activity 4

Question 1

Column I lists a few activities of living organisms and column II the

activity of cells related to them. Match the items in the two columns.

Question 2

Which cell organelle is the key to the life of the cell?

Question 3

How do you say that a cell also has a life span and death like an organism?
Give one example.

Question 4

All organisms excrete. Does an individual cell also do it? Give one example

Question 5

Every organism needs food. Does a cell also need it? Explain very briefly.

Multiple Choice Type

Question 1
All life starts as-

1. an egg

2. a single cell

3. a gene

4. a chromosome

Question 2

Which one of the following is found both in cells of a mango plant and a
monkey?

1. chloroplasts

2. centrioles

3. cell wall

4. cell membrane

Question 3

Which one of the following cell organelles is correctly matched with its
function?

1. Ribosomes — Synthesis of proteins

2. Mitochondria — Secretion of enzymes

3. Plasma Membrane — Freely permeable

4. Centrosome — Carries genes

Question 4

A plant cell can be identified from an animal cell by the:

1. Absence of centrosome

2. Presence of cell membrane

3. Presence of vacuoles
4. None of the above

Question 5

Plant cell has a cell wall made of-

1. Protein

2. Fructose

3. Cellulose

4. Fatty acids

Question 6

The cell organelle that helps in respiration of the cell is-

1. Mitochondria

2. Lysosome

3. Ribosome

4. Centrosome

Question 7

Which of the following organelles is involved in the formation of the

acrosome of a sperm?

1. Dictyosome

2. Centrosome

3. Lysosome

4. Golgi apparatus

Question 8

Which part of the nucleus participates in protein synthesis?

1. Nuclear membrane
2. Nucleolus

3. Nuclear pore

4. Nucleoplasm

Question 9

The pigment which is not found in plastids is:

1. Xanthophyll

2. Carotene

3. Anthocyanin

4. Chlorophyll

Question 10

The tubules of Golgi Complexes are technically termed as:

1. Cisternae

2. Microtubules

3. Cristae

4. Vesicles

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1

Name the part of the cell concerned with the following?

1. Liberation of energy

2. Synthesis of proteins

3. Transmission of heredity characters from parents to offspring

4. Initiation of cell division

5. Hydrolytic in function
6. Entry of only certain substances into and out of the cell.

Question 2

State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):

(a) All animal cells contain a cell wall.

(b) The cell wall is made of protein.

(c) Centrosome occurs in animal cells.

(d) Plant cells contain large vacuoles.

(e) Protoplasm is the part of the cell which surrounds the nucleus.

(f) Genes are located in chromosomes.

(g) Anthocyanin are the pigments of flowers, which are dissolved in cell-
sap.

Question 3

How many chromosome pairs are found in human cells?

Question 4

What is the name of the chemical substance which constitutes the genes?

Question 5

Match the items in column ‘A’ with those in column ‘B’

Question 6
Fill in the blanks

1. ............... consists of membranous sacs and secretes 40 types of

digestive enzymes.

2. ............... is surrounded by microtubules, located near the nucleus.

3. Very thin flexible, living membrane which is differently permeable, is

called ............... .

4. More than 1000 chromosomes are found in the nucleus of certain

...............

5. ............... are heredity units.

6. ............... is a plastid which stores starch.

Question 7

Write the full forms of the following abbreviations:

1. DNA

2. RNA

3. ATP

4. SER

5. RER

Question 8

Name the plastid and pigment likely to be found in the cells of

1. petals of sunflower

2. ripe tomato

3. skin of green mango

4. cells of potato

Short Answer Type

Question 1

Define the terms:

1. Cell organelles

2. Cell inclusions

3. Cytosol

4. Cell sap

5. Cytoplasm

Question 2

Write the exact locations of each of the following:

1. Centrosome

2. Chromosome

3. Genes

4. Mesosome

5. Plasmid

Question 3

Mention three features found only in plant cells and one found only in
animal cells.

Question 4

Why are the cells generally of a small size?

Question 5

It is said that the protoplasm cannot be analysed chemically. Why?

Question 6

What is the difference between an organ and an organelle?

Question 7

Do you think the cells of an elephant would be larger than the cells of a
rat? Explain briefly.

Descriptive Answer Type

Question 1

What is the cell theory? Who propounded it and when?

Question 2(a)

Differentiate between Protoplasm and cytoplasm.

Question 2(b)

Differentiate between Nucleolus and nucleus.

Question 2(c)

Differentiate between Centrosome and chromosome.

Question 2(d)

Differentiate between Cell wall and cell membrane.

Question 2(e)

Differentiate between Plant cell and animal cell.

Question 2(f)

Differentiate between Prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question 3

State the major functions of the following-

1. Plasma membrane

2. Ribosome

3. Lysosome
4. Mitochondria

5. Golgi apparatus

6. Cytoplasm

7. Asters of centrosome

8. Chromosomes

9. Glycogen granule

10. Vacuoles

Question 4

Mention the three differences between a living cell and a brick in a wall

Question 5

List any six features found both in plant and animal cells.

Structured/Application/Skill Type

Question 1

Given below are the sketches of two types of cells A and B.

(a) Which one of these is a plant cell? Give reason in support of your
answer.

(b) List the cell structures which are common to both the types.

(c) Name the structures found only in plant cells and those found only in
animal cells.