Lesson 2: Heat content

Choose the correct answer

1-The energy stored inside the substance product from ……………

a- Electron energy b- chemical bond energy
c- Intermolecular energy d-all the previous
2-∆Ho = …………
a-(qp × n) b-( -qp ÷ n ) c- (-qp × H ) d- all the previous

3-The energy level of the electron equals …….. of electron .

a- Potential energy ÷ kinetic energy b- Potential energy + kinetic energy

c-Potential energy - kinetic energy d- Potential energy × kinetic energy

𝟐𝟑
3- The heat content of sodium element 𝟏𝟏𝑵𝒂 equals ……..

a- Zero b-11 c-12 d- 23

4- The standard conditions for the reaction are ………..

a- Pressure 1 atm , temperature o oC b- Pressure 1 atm , temperature 25 oC

c-Pressure 1 atm , temperature 100 oC d- Pressure 1 atm , temperature 273 oC

5- The standard change in the heat content is calculated by knowing …….

a- Heat content of products b-heat content of reactants

c-Number of moles of product d- all the previous

6- The opposite table shows the heat content for four substances
No The heat content
if the substance (1) reacts with substance (2) and (3) to form 1 180 kJ
substance (4) the change in heat content will be …… kJ 2 50 kJ
3 120 kJ
a- (-130) b-( -180 ) c- (+220 ) d-(+350) 4 220 kJ

7-in the following reaction :- CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO 2(g) + 2H2O(ℓ) , ∆ H=-890KJ\mol the released
heat from combustion of 3 mol of methane is….. kJ
a- (-2670) b-( 1780) c-(-890) d – (+2670 )
 8-Which of the following energy diagrams expresses an Endo thermic reaction? ……….

H H H H

9-The (+ve) sign which precedes the ∆H value , indicates that the enthalpy of products is …………
that of reactants

a-Larger than b- equal c- lower than d- constant

10-if the heat content of products is lower than that of reactants , thus the reaction.

a-Is endothermic b- is exothermic c-whose ∆H value has positive d- whose ∆H value =zero

11-If the heat content of products is lower than that of reactants , thus the reaction
a. Is endothermic b. is exothermic
c. has ∆H value was positive sign d. has ∆H value = zero
12-Which of the following choices represents both the type of the process of the formation of
the bonds and the sign of its ∆H?
Choices A B C D
Type of the process Endothermic Endothermic Exothermic Exothermic
∆H sign Negative Positive Negative Positive
13-In the reaction 2NO(g) + O(g) →2NO + 112 kj , ∆H has
a. Negative sign , because the reaction is endothermic
b. Positive sign , because the reaction is endothermic
c. Negative sign , because the reaction is exothermic
d. Positive sign , because the reaction is exothermic
14-In the following reaction : 2Na2O2(s) + 2H2O (ℓ) → 4NaOH (s) ∆H = -126 KJ
What is the quantity of heat released by producing 2 mol of NaOH?
a. +252 kJ b. +63 kJ c. +3.9 kJ d. +78 kJ
15-In the reaction : 2H2O (ℓ) →2H2O (ℓ) +O2 (g) ∆H = -196 KJ
What is the change in the enthalpy of the decomposition of 0.34g of hydrogen
peroxide H2O2? (H=1, O=16)
a. -0.98 kJ b. -9.26kJ c. -18kJ d. +12kJ
16-Sulphur burns according to the equation 2S + 3O2 → 2SO3 ∆H = -790 KJ What is
the value of the change according to the heat content when 0.75g of sulphur is burnt?
a. +23kJ b. -9.26 kJ c.-18 kJ d.+12 kJ (S=32)
17-Nitrogen reacts with oxygen according to the following thermochemical equation
N2 + 2O2 → 2NO2 ∆H = +66 KJ
What is the change in enthalpy on mixing 2 mol of nitrogen with 2 mol of oxygen?
a. +132kJ b. + 66kJ c. +33kJ d. + 16.5kJ
18-On dissolving anhydrous copper (II) sulphate in water, the reading of
thermometer raises. Which of the following choices represents both the type of
this process and its ∆H sign?
Choices A B C D
Type of the process Endothermic Endothermic Exothermic Exothermic
∆H sign Positive Negative Positive Negative
19-Which of the following statements represents the type of the chemical reaction which
happens when a match head is rubbed against a rough surface
a. Endothermic reaction due to using energy on rubbing the match head
b. Endothermic reaction due to releasing energy on burning the wooden match
c. Exothermic reaction due to using energy on rubbing the match head
d. Exothermic reaction due to releasing energy on burning the wooden match
20-The opposite graphical figure represents the thermal change which occurs during a
chemical reaction. What is the value of ∆H of this reaction?
a. -120 kJ b. -20 kJ c. +30 kJ d. +120 kJ

21-Which of the following statements represents correctly the endothermic reaction

a. The bonds in the products molecules are stronger than those in reactants molecules
b. The bonds in the reactant’s molecules are stronger than those in products molecules
c. The heat content of the products is lower than that of reactants
d. It occurs spontaneously in low temperature
22-In the process : N2 + ENERGY → N + N
Which of the following statements represents the previous process?
a. breaking bonds takes place, this process is endothermic
b. breaking bonds takes place, this process is exothermic
c. forming bonds takes place, this process is exothermic
d. forming bonds takes place, this process is endothermic
 23-The reaction : H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl is exothermic , because
a. the absorbed energy during breaking the bonds is higher than that produced during
bond formation
b. the produced energy during bod formation is higher than that required to break the
bonds
c. number of broken bonds is higher than that of formed bonds
d. number of formed bonds is higher than that of formed bonds
24- The plant cells use light energy to carry out the photosynthesis process … which of
the following statements represents photosynthesis reaction?
a. It is an energy absorbing process, as the energy released during the formation of the
bonds is less than the energy required to break the bonds
b. It is an energy absorbing process, as the energy released during the formation of the
bonds is greater than the energy required to break the bonds
c. It is an energy releasing process, as the energy released during the formation of the
bonds is less than the energy required to break the bonds
d. It is an energy releasing process, as the energy released during the formation of the
bonds is greater than the energy required to break the bonds
25-In the reaction: A2 → 2A(g) ∆H = Х kJ/mol
What is the value of ∆H of the reaction : 4A (g) → 2A2(g) ?
a.(2 Х) kJ b. (-2 Х) kJ c. ( Х/2 ) kJ d. (-Х/2) kJ
26-In the thermal reaction R2 + Q2 → 2RQ
Which of the following choices represents of the following choices represents the reaction
which produces higher amount of heat?
Choices Bond in R2 Bond in Q2 Bond in RQ
A Strong Strong Strong
B Strong Strong Weak
C weak Weak Strong
D weak Weak Weak

27- what is the value of ∆H of this reaction: 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(v)?

Knowing that the values of the average bond energies are:

{(H-H) = 432 kJ/mol, (O=O) = 498 kJ/mol , (O – H ) = 467 kJ/mol }

a – (+467 KJ/mol ) b. (– 506 kJ/mol ) c. (+485 kJ/mol ) d. (0 )

28-Assisted by the values of the average bond energies shown in the following table :

Bond Cl - Cl H - Cl C–H C – Cl
Average bond energy (kJ/mol ) 240 430 413 340
what is the value of ∆H of this reaction: CH4 + 3Cl2 → CHCl3 + 3HCl?

a. +351 kJ/mol b. -351 kJ / mol c. +430 kJ/ mol d. – 430 kJ/mol

29-from the reaction and the table: H2+Cl2 → 2HCl We conclude that :

Bond Bond energy (KJ/mol)

Cl – Cl 240
H–H 432
H – Cl 430
a. ∆H of the reaction equals – 1442 kJ/mol
b. ∆H of the reaction equals – 348 kJ/mol
c. The energy resulted from formation of 1 mol of products is +94 kJ
d. The energy resulted from formation of 1 mol of products is -188 kJ
30-PCl5 decomposes by heat to PCl3 and chlorine gas, ∆H of this reaction

(P – Cl ) 330 kJ/mol
(Cl – Cl ) 240 kJ/ mol
a. – 90 kJ/mol b. – 420 kJ/mol c. +420 kJ/mol d. +90 kJ/mol

31- Hydrogen gas reacts with chlorine gas producing hydrogen chlorine gas , what are
the two choices which represents the data that should be provided to calculate ∆H of
this reaction?

a. (H – H) average bond energy and (H – Cl) average bond energy

b. the heat content of H2 and Cl2

c. the heat content of HCl

d. (Cl – Cl) bond energy heat of formation of HCl

32-Liquid water is formed from two elements in three steps , which are :
(1)2H2 (g) + O2(g) → 4H(g) + 2O(g)
(2) 4H(g) + 2O(g) → 2H2O(v)
(3) 2H2O(v) → 2H2O (ℓ)
What is (are) the steps which is (are) considered exothermic

a. (2) only b. (1) and (2) only c. (2) and (3) only d. (1), (2) and (3)

33- Ethane gas reacts with chlorine gas, according to the equation:

C2H6+Cl2 C2H5Cl +HCl

Bond Average bond energy (kJ/mol )

C - Cl 340
C-C 346
C–H 413
Cl - Cl 240
H - Cl 430
What is the value of ∆H of this reaction?

a. +117 kJ/mol b. +1420 kJ/mol c. -1420 kJ/mol d. -117 kJ/mol

34- In the reaction : 2NF3(g) 2N(g) +6F(g) ∆H = +1668 kJ/mol

What is the value of the average bond energy of (N-F) ?’

a. – 556 kJ/mol b. – 420 kJ/mol c. +556 kJ/mol d. +278 kJ/mol

35- In the endothermic process, the system ………heat as the surrounding ……heat

a. gain, lose b. lose, gain c. gain, gain d. loses, lose

36- The exothermic reaction feels ……………...

a. warm b. cold c. No change d. a, b

1- according to the equation: calculate the bond energy

C2H4Cl2 C2H3Cl +HCl

Bond Average bond energy (kJ/mol )

C=C 612
C-C 347
C–H 413
C - Cl 346
H - Cl 432
1-ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ 4(C-H)+2(C-Cl)+(c-c)] – [3 (C-H)+(C=C)+ (C-Cl)+(H-Cl)]

ΔH =[ 4x(413)+2x(346) +(347)]– [3 x(413)+(612)+ (346)+(432)] = 62KJ/Mole

2-calculate the molar enthalpy for water vapor from the following reaction :

CH4 + H2O →CH3OH(g) , ∆H = -78 kJ \mol

The molar enthalpy for CH4 and CH3 OH are 75 kJ\mol , 39 KJ/mol .respectively
Then calculate the absorbed heat when 64g of CH4 reacts with excess of water
2-ΔH=ΔH Product -Δ HReactant -78 =[(CH3OH)-(CH4+H2O) ] -78 =[(39)-(75+H2O) ]

H2O=+42 KJ/Mol
64
b) Molar mass= CH4 = 12+1x4 =16 g/mol mole=16 = 4 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 -qp=−ΔH =−78 qp= +312 KJ
𝑛 4
3-Calculate ∆H for the following reaction :
H2(g) + Br2 (g) → 2HBr(g) By using the values of bond
energies: (H− H) =435 KJ\mol , (Br –Br) = 193 kJ\mol, (H−Br)= 366 KJ \mol
Then calculate the molar enthalpy for HBr gas
ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ (H-H)+2(Br-Br)] –[2 (H-B)]

ΔH =[ (435)+(193)] –[(2 x366)] =-104 KJ/Mole

4-Calculate the bond energy in hydrogen molecule from the following reaction :
H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 HCl (g) ∆ H = -188KJ
(H−Cl) =430kJ \mol , (Cl−Cl) =240 KJ\mol
4-ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ (H-H)+ (Cl-Cl)] –[2 (H-Cl)]

-188 =[ (H-H)+(240)] –[(2 x430)] -188 =[ (H-H)+(240)] –[(2 x430)] (H-H) =432 KJ/Mole
 5-calculate the change in enthalpy in the following reaction: Where the bond energy of :-
C2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2 + H2O
(C≡C)= 835 KJ\mol (O−H) =467 KJ\mol (C−H) =413 kJ\mol, (C═O) =803 KJ\mol

(O═O) = 498 KJ\mol

ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ 2(C-H)+2(C≡C)+ 5/2 (O=O)] –[4 (C=O)+2(O-H)]

ΔH =[ 2(413)+2(835) +5/2 (498)] –[4 (803)+2(467)] = -1240 KJ/Mole

6-from the reaction :- N2(g) + 3H2(g) →2NH3(g) , ∆H= -89kJ , Calculate the
average bond energy (N─H) , knowing that:- (H─H)= 432 KJ \mol , (N≡N) =941 kJ\mol

ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ (N≡N)+3(H-H)] –[6 (N-H)]

-89 =[ (941)+3x(432)] –[6x(N-H)] =387.66KJ/Mole

7- calculate ∆Ho of the following reaction indicting the type of reaction( Exo or Endo thermic )
CH4(g) + 2O2(g)→CO2g) + 2H2O

Knowing that :-(C─H)= 414 kJ\mol, (O═O)= 498 kJ\mol (C═O)= 803 kJ\mol , (O─H) =467KJ

7-ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ 4(C-H)+ 2(O=O)] –[2x(C=O)+4(O-H)]

ΔH =[ 4x(413) + (498)] –[2x (803)+4(467)] = -826 KJ/Mole

8-The following equation represent the reaction of adding hydrogen to ethylene gas

C2H2 +H2 C2H6

Bond Average bond energy (kJ/mol )

C=C 610
C-C 350
C–H 410
H-H 436

8-ΔH=ΔH Reactant -Δ Product ΔH =[ (C≡C)+ 2(C-H) +(H-H)] – [(C-C)+6(C-H)]

ΔH =[ (610) + 2x(410)+436] –[350+6 x410] = -944 KJ/Mole