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Phy 548 - Chapter 6

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133 views33 pages

Phy 548 - Chapter 6

Uploaded by

Amar haziq
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 6

SEVEN-SEGMENT DISPLAY
CHAPTER OUTLINE

 Introduction
 BCD codes

 Encoders
 Seven-segment LED display
 Decoders
 TTL BCD to seven segment Decoder/driver
INTRODUCTION

 In real world we use the decimal code to represent


numbers.
 In digital  binary numbers
 Several codes available in binary:
 8421 BCD Code
 Excess-3 Code
 Gray Code
 ASCII Code
 Needs to understand an electronic translators (perform
task to convert from one code to another in digital
electronic)
 Encoders
 Decoders
8421 BCD CODE
 The code is used to represent decimal in easy way.
 Use 4 bits binary numbers to represent one decimal
number.
ENCODERS

 Encoders – to translate from decimal to binary


numbers.
 In 7-segment display digital system, the encoders will
perform a task to translate the decimal input from
keyboard to an 8421 BCD code.
 For this type of encoders, it called 10-line-to-4 line
priority encoder by manufacture.
 If decimal input 3 is given at keyboard, the 8421 BCD
code will give output of 0011 in binary.
A DIGITAL SYSTEM
Encoder
1. Encoding is the process of converting from familiar symbol or
numbers to a coded format such as BCD or binary.
2. Encoder is a combination logic circuit that essentially perform
encoding process.
3. Table 1 is list of equivalent values between decimal digit and BCD
Code.

4. Relationship between each BCD bit


and the decimal digits can be
expressed as an OR function as
follows;

A3 = 8 + 9

A2 = 4 + 5 + 6 + 7

A1 = 2 + 3 + 6 + 7

A0 = 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9
Therefore logic circuit for encoder is as in figure 1.

5. How encoder encode the decimal number


into BCD Code?

-When a HIGH appears on one of the


decimal digit input lines, the appropriate
levels occur on the four BCD output line.
- For instance, if input line 9 is HIGH and all
input lines are LOW, this condition will
produce a HIGH on output A0 and A3, and
LOW on outputs A1 and A2 which is the BCD
code (1001) for decimal 9.

Figure 1 : is a basic logic diagram of a decimal-to-BCD encoder.


6. Figure 2 is a logic symbol for a decimal-to-BCD encoder

Figure 2

7. Figure 3 is pin diagram and logic diagram for


encoder IC of 74HC147 decimal-to-BCD.

Figure 3
74147 10-LINE-TO-4-LINE ENCODER

 It has 9 inputs of (1 – 9) and 4 outputs (ABCD)


 The bubble at the circuit diagram (b) means the
74147 10-line-to-4-line encoder has both of active
low input and active low outputs.
 Refer to truth table for this IC. I will explain base on
figure.
 This IC has a priority feature 

if two input of decimal numbers are given (i.e: 4 and


9), the larger number will be encoded.
 Note: the outputs need to be complementary
(inverted) to form the true binary number.
10-LINE-TO-4-LINE ENCODER
Decoder (4-bit Decoder)

a) BCD-to-Decimal decoder

A decoder is a digital circuit that detects the presence of a


specified combination of bits (code) on its inputs and
indicates the presence of that code by specified output
level.

Figure (a) is decoding logic circuit for the


binary code 1001.

AND gate is used to decode binary 1001 due


to otput of AND is HIGH when all inputs is
HIGH.
The truth table for inputs and Decoding function.
The inputs and outputs wave form for 4-bits to 10 line for 74HC42 are as follow
4-line –to-10 line decoder with active
Low output.
4-line –to-16 line decoder with active Low
output.
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY

 Very common device that use to display decimal


numbers in digital system for seven-segment display.
 There are others display available to perform the same
task:
 Incandescent display
 Gas-discharge tube
 Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD)
 Vacuum Fluorescent Display (VF display)
 Different display needs specific driver or IC in order to
display decimal numbers from binary input.
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY

 A 7-segment LED display are labeled a through g in


order to display decimal digits from 0 – 9.
 Example: if a, b, and c are lit, a decimal 7 will is
displayed.
 Two types:
 Common anode
 Common cathode
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY

 Each segment of LED display (a through g) consist of


individual LEDs.
 For common anode, seven LEDs positive terminal are
connected to each other and each individual LEDs
cathode terminals are left not connected and be as inputs
for the display.
 Figure below shows how LED cab be control ON and
OFF using switch.
SEVEN-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER

 Decoder is a code translator


 Translating 8421 BCD code to a 7-segment display
code.
 The display is in decimal.

 Decoders are combinational logic circuits with


several inputs and outputs and come in IC
packages.
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER
 7447A IC are all active LOW outputs.
 The output normally HIGH and change to LOW
when activated.
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER
 The 7447A normally used with common anode 7-segment
display.
 The LT, BI/RBO, RBI are not shown as it’s not connected.
 When not connected, it will be “floating” HIGH and therefore
disable in this circuit.
7-SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVER WORKS

 74LS47 is an example of an 7-segment decoder IC.


 Has several features

a) LT (lamp test)
b) RBI (ripple blanking input)
c) BI/RBO ( Blanking input/Ripple blanking output)
a) LT
- To verify no segment are burned out.
- when LOW is applied … Bi/RBO = high & all segment = ON.
b) RBI & BI/RBO
- As Zero suppresson.

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