！

２
２０１９‐ シ
ー
合
図
ル が
を あ
破 る
い ま
て で
は
い
け
実用英語技能検定 ま
主催：公益財団法人 日本英語検定協会
後援：文部科学省 1級 せ
ん
問題冊子の開け方
2019 年 10 月 6 日（日）実施

試験時間 筆
筆記試験（１０
０分） 記
用
リスニングテスト（約３
５分） 具
注意事項 な
1. 合図があるまでシールを破いてはいけません。ミシン目に ど
を
沿って丁寧に破いてください。問題冊子が破れても交換 英検ウェブサイト上での合否結果閲覧について 使
できません。 っ
2. 試験開始まで，この問題冊子を開いてはいけません。 て
英検協会が運営する「英ナビ！」サイトと連携した新
3. 解答は，ＨＢの黒鉛筆かシャープペンシルを使用して解答用 開
紙（マークシート）に記入してください。筆記 １ ２ ３ ・
しい合否閲覧サービスをご案内します。従来のサービ け
スより快適に合否結果を閲覧いただけます。
て
リスニングの解答欄は解答用紙のＡ面（表面） ，筆記 ４ く
の解答欄は，解答用紙のＢ面（裏面）にあります。解答 だ
用紙以外に記入した解答は，すべて無効となります。問 一次試験の合否結果閲覧は１０／２１
（月）１２：０
０から開始と さ
題冊子にはメモをしてもかまいませんが，後で解答用紙 い
なります。合否結果の公開時間は級別に異なります。
に解答を書き写す時間はありません。
4. 問題内容に関する質問は一切受けつけません。
なお，新サービスをご 利 用 い た だ く た め に は「英 ナ
5. 不正行為をした場合は，答案は無効となります。
6. 他の受験者に迷惑をかける行為を禁じます。 ビ！」への会員 登 録 が 必 要 で す。英 検 対 策 に 役 立 つ

7. リスニングテストの準備時間，およびリスニングテスト中 サービスを提供している「英ナビ！」を是非ご利用く
に教室外へ出た場合は，その後教室に戻りテストを受ける ださい。
ことはできません。 （https://www.ei-navi.jp）
8. 携帯電話などは必ず電源を切ってカバンにしまい，絶対
に使用しないでください。
【本会場で受験の方】
9. 電子機器（ウェアラブル端末を含む）の使用を禁じます。
10. 携帯電話などの着信音・バイブ音，その他試験を妨げる 合否結果閲覧には，英検 ID とパスワードが必要です。

音を発生させた場合は，失格とすることがあります。 ◆英検 ID は本人確認票に記載されています。

11. 試験終了後，問題冊子は持ち帰ってください。 ◆パスワードは本人確認票に記載されています。ネッ
12. 採点結果等については，一切異議申し立てはできません。 ト申込の方は，申込時に使用したパスワードです。
13. この試験問題の複製（コピー）を禁じます。また，この試 ※本人確認票は二次試験でも使用します。試験後も
験問題の一部または全部を協会の許可なく他に伝えたり，
大切に保管してください。
漏えい（インターネット上に掲載することを含みます）する
ことを禁じます。

A1­ 1 0­ 1 0 5 8 A
 Grade 1
Start from the next page.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

!2! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

To complete each item, choose the best word or phrase from among
1 the four choices. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the
question and mark your answer.

(1) Many factors affect insurance ( ). For instance, causing an accident

usually means a person will have to pay more.
1 referendums 2 premiums 3 doctrines 4 aberrations

(2) No one wanted to play poker with Isabella anymore after she was caught
( ) cheating. Everyone saw her lean over in an attempt to see another
player’s cards.
1 blatantly 2 tolerantly
3 incongruously 4 elusively

(3) However much Donovan ( ) his daughter to study for her exams, she
paid no attention. All she did was sleep and play games on her computer.
1 incriminated 2 dislodged 3 exhorted 4 germinated

(4) Eduardo soon discovered that his new job was very ( ). His work
consisted of routine tasks that gave him few chances to use his creative skills.
1 prolific 2 resilient 3 gaunt 4 mundane

(5) After the commission published a report criticizing the city’s school system, the
mayor issued a detailed ( ) challenging its findings.
1 retrieval 2 precinct 3 rebuttal 4 threshold

(6) It is a widely believed ( ) that money can buy happiness. Unhappy

wealthy people are easy to find.
1 blotch 2 fallacy 3 harness 4 impediment

(7) Brooke was interested in a printer she saw on sale at the electronics store, so
she asked a salesperson to explain the product’s specifications and any other
( ) information.
1 pertinent 2 duplicitous 3 redundant 4 litigious

(8) The dialogue in the movie was so ( ) that the audience could guess the
ending of the sentences before the actors had finished saying them.
1 vivacious 2 clammy 3 insolent 4 clichéd

(9) A: You should say something to Paul. His behavior is making Sue very
unhappy.
B: I’m not going to ( ) in someone else’s marriage. It’s their business,
not mine.
1 abide 2 meddle 3 derive 4 nibble
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
!3! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

( 10 ) A: I was surprised that Virgil voted for our proposal. He used to be against the
idea.
B: He must have ( ) motives. I bet he’s going to ask us for a favor.
1 jagged 2 ulterior 3 apathetic 4 inept

( 11 ) As soon as he was arrested, the suspect ( ) his right to an attorney. He

did not want to answer any questions without his lawyer present.
1 invoked 2 tainted 3 stigmatized 4 entranced

( 12 ) The founding members of the business were aware of their ( ) in its

success, so they worked night and day to build it up and make it profitable.
1 twinge 2 stake 3 tilt 4 mayhem

( 13 ) In the weeks before the election, volunteers were busy ( ) door­to­door,

trying to get support for their preferred candidate.
1 demonizing 2 ransacking 3 pulverizing 4 canvassing

( 14 ) Architects’ plans rarely come to ( ) in their original form, as factors

such as deadlines and budgets usually mean changes have to be made.
1 hearsay 2 nepotism 3 fruition 4 jurisdiction

( 15 ) The burglar was ( ) behind some trees, waiting for the owners to leave
their house so he could enter and steal their belongings.
1 suffocating 2 lurking 3 creaking 4 resonating

( 16 ) When the protest began to turn violent, police were sent in to ( ) it. It
took them several hours to completely clear the streets.
1 disband 2 conjure 3 relinquish 4 reverberate

( 17 ) The water in the pond was so ( ) that it was impossible to see whether
there were any fish in it or not.
1 intact 2 wry 3 murky 4 sleek

( 18 ) At the debate, the politician began to personally insult his rivals. The moderator
warned that if he did not ( ) his comments, he would have to leave.
1 brandish 2 procure 3 wager 4 temper

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

!4! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

( 19 ) When Mei saw her husband biting his nails, she knew he must be under a lot of
stress. He has a ( ) to chew them when he has a lot on his mind.
1 propensity 2 trajectory 3 projectile 4 truce

( 20 ) In an effort to make himself ( ), the famous actor usually flies in

economy class, wears a cap, and dresses casually in jeans and a T­shirt.
1 involuntary 2 inalienable
3 inconspicuous 4 inverted

( 21 ) The salesperson was ( ) at getting customers to spend more than they

had planned. He always exceeded his sales targets.
1 undue 2 grim 3 coarse 4 adept

( 22 ) After everyone opposed her ideas at a meeting, Wendy complained to her

manager. She thought the other employees were ( ) her.
1 ganging up on 2 weighing in on
3 worming out of 4 standing in for

( 23 ) A: I hope the rain ( ) by tomorrow.

B: Yes. If it doesn’t, we might have to cancel our hiking trip.
1 lets up 2 lashes out 3 acts up 4 blacks out

( 24 ) A: I’ll try to be at the party early, but don’t ( ) it. I have a few things
to finish at work, so I may be late.
B: OK. Thanks for telling me.
1 stock up on 2 put up with 3 bank on 4 rifle through

( 25 ) Following a series of accidents, the police decided to ( ) on drunk

drivers. Roadblocks were set up, and drivers were randomly stopped and given
breath tests.
1 palm off 2 bow out 3 crack down 4 trump up

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

!5! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Read each passage and choose the best word or phrase from
2 among the four choices for each blank. Then, on your answer sheet,
find the number of the question and mark your answer.

The Mouse Utopia

In the 1960s, American researcher John Calhoun of the National Institute of
Mental Health (NIMH) began a pioneering experiment involving mice. He built a
complex known as a “mouse utopia,” in which all of the animals’ material needs
were catered to, but where living space was constrained. The population quickly
went from just 8 mice to over 2,000, but then declined precipitously. The society
turned exceedingly violent, and infant mortality rose to as high as 96 percent until
the last mice died in the experiment’s fourth year.
The collapse appears to have resulted from ( 26 ). Mice are
hierarchical, and in natural environments, when the number of mice exceeds the
number of positions in the hierarchy, mice that are unable to find a position
emigrate. Since this was not feasible in the utopia, those which failed to find
positions were aggressively dominated by high­ranking males, causing them to
withdraw from company; some formed roaming groups that attacked females and
young mice. Overcrowding and skewed dominance roles also caused nursing
females to attack their own offspring.
It also became apparent that the ( 27 ). In a follow­up experiment
performed by fellow NIMH researcher Halsey Marsden, mice were placed in a
similar living environment, and their population growth proceeded in much the
same fashion. Once the symptoms of collapse appeared, the mice were relocated
to an environment with adequate space. Despite this intervention, however, the
mice failed to resume behaving in a way that would allow their numbers to
recover.
Calhoun concluded that what happened to the mice had been caused by
population density. At a time of growing anxiety about human overcrowding in
cities, it was a concept that generated widespread interest. Critics, however, argued
that the ( 28 ). Calhoun frequently referenced the squalor and poverty of the
Indian city of Kolkata, but ignored the counterexamples of wealthy, cosmopolitan
places like Singapore. Interactions among people are almost incomparably more
nuanced and complex than those of rodents; in experiments where human subjects
were put in cramped environments for prolonged periods, it was found that,
although certain social behaviors were intensified, the subjects did not experience
significant adverse effects.
( 26 ) 1 gender roles being altered
2 a lack of genetic diversity
3 factors unrelated to living space
4 a breakdown of social structure
( 27 ) 1 mice had not been healthy to begin with
2 results would have eventually changed
3 damage could not be undone
4 researchers had been biased
( 28 ) 1 data were clearly inaccurate
2 mice had been given plenty of space
3 findings did not apply to humans
4 experiment had been unethical
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
!6! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Gall Wasps
Look carefully at an oak tree and you may see galls roundish, compartment­
like structures that grow mainly on oak tree branches and leaves. Interestingly, the
galls ( 29 ). Their growth is usually stimulated by a parasitic insect species
known as the gall wasp, whose larvae somehow induce the tree to increase its
hormone production and grow the galls. By making the tree use its energy for
their own exclusive benefit, the larvae obtain structures which both provide a
source of nourishment and serve as a covering that shields them from external
threats until they are ready to chew their way out.
This is not to say that ( 30 ). Because galls are composed of edible
plant tissue, they should be an attractive food source to other animals. What
dissuades most animals from eating them is the presence of bitter chemicals called
tannins that are found on the outer surface of galls. Biologist Scott Egan of Rice
University, in the United States, however, found that not all dangers are so easily
avoided. While studying oak trees in Florida, Egan found that some oaks with
galls had become host to love vines parasitic plants that envelop trees and absorb
their nutrients with their suction­cup­like roots. The vines, undeterred by the galls’
tannins, had latched onto the galls themselves and partaken of their nutrients,
depriving the larvae within of the sustenance they need to survive.
Egan also discovered an even more terrifying fate awaiting gall wasp larvae,
this time at the hands of another species of wasp: the aptly named crypt­keeper
wasp. The crypt keeper lays its eggs in galls already inhabited by gall wasp
larvae. The newly hatched crypt­keeper wasp then somehow compels the gall
wasp to make a premature, incomplete attempt to chew its way out of the gall,
and the gall wasp’s head becomes stuck in the small hole it has chewed out. The
crypt keeper then slowly consumes the gall wasp, eventually eating through its
head and emerging through the small hole in the gall. Egan says this seems to be
a fascinating example of a previously unknown phenomenon one parasite
( 31 ) of another.

( 29 ) 1 require more than one plant to form

2 ultimately cause the tree’s death
3 keep away potentially beneficial insects
4 serve no function for the tree itself

( 30 ) 1 the larvae cannot defend themselves

2 galls offer the larvae complete protection
3 the larvae are only found inside galls
4 galls are the larvae’s only source of nutrition

( 31 ) 1 risking harm to steal the food

2 controlling the behavior
3 imitating the appearance
4 caring for the young
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
!7! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Read each passage and choose the best answer from among the
3 four choices for each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the
number of the question and mark your answer.

Vietnam Veterans and the “Spitting Myth”

The Vietnam War, which ended in the mid­1970s, was deeply unpopular in the
United States. Widespread political demonstrations sparked ugly confrontations between
antiwar protesters and war supporters. In 1998, sociology professor Jerry Lembcke
published a controversial work disputing the widely held belief that protesters had spat on
American soldiers returning home from Vietnam. Lembcke, himself a Vietnam veteran,
argued this was simply an urban myth, later validated and popularized by Hollywood
films and the mass media. In Lembcke’s view, this misrepresentation stemmed from a
deliberate attempt by president Richard Nixon’s right­wing administration to smear the
antiwar activists and drive a wedge between them and the returning veterans, many of
whom had also begun to oppose the war. The spitting stories damaged the reputation and
credibility of the antiwar movement in the eyes of the public. To an extent, they also
deflected the blame for the country’s military failure away from the politicians and
generals and onto the protesters by rebranding their legitimate dissent as a despicable
“stab in the back” to those bravely serving their country.
In the late 1980s, newspaper columnist Bob Greene wrote a column expressing his
doubts about the truth of the spitting stories and asking veterans and protesters for their
experiences. He received numerous letters from veterans, later collected into the book
Homecoming: When the Soldiers Returned from Vietnam, that described a range of
mistreatment, including spitting and verbal abuse. Greene concluded that “there were
simply too many letters, going into too fine a detail, to deny the fact.” Nevertheless, he
was criticized for taking them at face value, and for not having conducted follow­up
interviews before publishing them. Despite the book’s rich anecdotal evidence, Lembcke
rejected it on the grounds it was largely uncorroborated; no named witnesses were offered
for verification, and most news reports about the spitting were written long after the war
ended. He countered the letters with opinion polls showing more than 94 percent of
returning soldiers had experienced a positive greeting upon their homecoming.
The fact that many veterans felt shunned in the postwar years by a public eager to
forget the conflict may have contributed to the proliferation of the spitting stories. Those
who served are now revered by people who only belatedly have come to respect and
honor the sacrifice they made. Moreover, those who did not serve in Vietnam no doubt
feel they lack the moral authority to question the narrative of those who did. Lembcke
has drawn fierce criticism, both from veterans who stand by their stories and civilians
who have taken great pains to prove him wrong by combing through newspaper archives
dating back to the early 1970s for examples of spitting stories in print. Being a liberal, he
has also been accused of trying to whitewash the appalling behavior of certain antiwar
protesters for political motives. It certainly appears the burden of proof has now shifted
away from the veterans. Furthermore, as Lembcke himself admits, “You cannot prove a
negative,” so it is unlikely this controversy will ever be resolved.
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
!8! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

( 32 ) According to Jerry Lembcke, the spitting stories originated as a result of

1 the film industry and mass media attempting to make films and articles
more interesting by further dramatizing stories that dealt with Vietnam.
2 politicians who opposed the war attempting to increase public sympathy for
the soldiers and gain more votes for themselves in the process.
3 the government wanting to create a negative image of antiwar protesters and
prevent potentially sympathetic veterans from supporting their cause.
4 top US military commanders searching for a way to distract the public’s
attention from accusations that they had treated soldiers poorly.

( 33 ) Which of the following statements best describes Lembcke’s opinion of Bob

Greene’s book?
1 Lembcke felt Greene was deliberately misrepresenting the veterans’
experiences by altering the statements that they had made in firsthand
interviews.
2 Lembcke did not believe the veterans’ stories because there was a lack of
documentation of them from the time when they had supposedly taken place.
3 Lembcke was convinced that the high level of detail in the letters Greene
received was an indication the stories were completely made up.
4 Lembcke thought the witnesses were being dishonest because their
statements were contradicted by numerous news reports.

( 34 ) What conclusion does the author of the passage make about the likelihood of
ever knowing the truth about the spitting stories?
1 Although the public has come to appreciate and value those who served, too
much time has passed for people to maintain significant interest in the topic.
2 It is virtually impossible to prove that such incidents did not occur,
especially as the public’s sympathies today tend to lie with the veterans.
3 Lembcke made it more difficult to learn the truth by using the topic for
political advancement and causing even more debate regarding it.
4 An accurate picture will emerge if more civilians find the courage to openly
question firsthand accounts by returning soldiers.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

!9! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

The Rise of Dataism

In the late 1700s, a cultural shift occurred in which Western society began to base
its morals and values on human freedom, equality, and fraternity, rather than on religion
and patriotism, as had been the case for many centuries. This paradigm, called
“humanism,” has had a profound societal effect, ushering in the rise of systems that
support human interests, such as democracy and the free market. No other framework of
values has emerged since then to replace the humanist mind­set until now. Historian
Yuval Noah Harari, who teaches at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, sees freedom of
information beginning to supplant humanism as the central concept guiding society.
Harari, who calls the emerging ideology “Dataism,” claims that the rapid rise of
enormous data sets, data gathering, and algorithms is moving global society toward a new
data­driven paradigm of morality. He explains, “If life is the movement of information,
and if we think that life is good, it follows that we should extend, deepen and spread the
flow of information in the universe.” From this perspective, humanity is a single data­
processing network, with individuals serving as processing “chips.” Harari even contends
that the whole of human history has simply been the process of improving the efficiency
of this network. It began when humans developed cognitive abilities, which distinguished
them from animals and allowed them to form tribes that functioned as single data­
processing units. Humans used their cognitive abilities to multiply and spread across the
planet, creating separate cultures and worldviews, so the “processors” multiplied
exponentially.
The idea of universal interconnection, however, only became prevalent with the
advent of money, writing, and religion all concepts that created and strengthened
networks between disparate groups. It was at this point sometime after 1000 BC,
according to Harari that the data began to flow between human processors. This was
still hindered at many points, however, by political and cultural repression and
censorship, until the humanist revolution. That opened up the global data­processing
system, allowing increasingly free communication between all “processors,” thanks to
advancements in science, democracy, economics, and social systems. Now, digital
connectivity has turned humanity into a unified, global data­processing unit, and one
consequence has been that human experiences are losing their intrinsic significance they
must be entered into the data­processing system and shared with the network if they are
to have meaning. In the Dataist paradigm, your holiday in Tahiti is worthless unless
photos and descriptions have been uploaded to become part of the data flow.
Another consequence is that our priorities are increasingly determined by data­based
algorithms witness our growing reliance on such things as computer­assisted disease
diagnosis and digital navigation systems. As self­learning algorithms become more
complex and interconnected, Harari says, the data­processing system will spread to every
aspect of human existence, and indeed, will cover the planet and beyond. In the long
term, human processing may become outdated, causing the data flow to leave us behind.
Alternatively, perhaps we can upload our minds into the system and join the cosmic data
flow for all time.
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
! 10 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

( 35 ) According to Yuval Noah Harari, human development

1 has consisted of a series of progressive events which have brought about
the linking together of a group of organisms that can pass on information.
2 accelerated rapidly until the rise of money and other concepts and
institutions, which shifted the focus from groups to individuals.
3 is in danger of coming to a standstill if people continue to think of
themselves only as small pieces inside a much larger machine.
4 appears to be slowing down significantly in comparison with the speed at
which it occurred in past centuries.

( 36 ) Which of the following statements could be used to support Harari’s claim

regarding the shift toward the Dataist paradigm?
1 Businesses have become such an important influence in society that
advertising in places where people post personal information is now accepted.
2 There has been a major shift in people’s willingness to express religious
beliefs and patriotism.
3 Social media sites have begun more strictly regulating content that could be
considered immoral by a large proportion of users.
4 People are more likely to post their thoughts and experiences on social
media sites than they are to write such things down in a private diary.

( 37 ) What does Harari believe about the future of humankind?

1 People’s lives could be taken over by computer calculations, so eventually
there may be no need for human processing capabilities.
2 Data­processing technology may cause its own disappearance, as it teaches
people how to make decisions for themselves without needing to rely on it.
3 The only way for humanity to ensure its survival is to make data­based
algorithms aware that people are necessary for creating them.
4 Because the algorithms being created today are less accurate and reliable
than they seem, people’s health and welfare will be at risk.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 11 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Forensic Dollhouses
Modern crime­scene investiga­ available can also be overwhelm­ police officers and investigators
tors utilize standards and proce­ ing or misleading. Furthermore, as were unable to identify the specific
dures based on scientific principles Frances Glessner Lee noted in evidence which would be relevant
in order to maintain the integrity 1952, “Far too often the investiga­ to a forensic investigation, and that
and verifiability of evidence. tor ‘has a hunch,’ and looks for few knew how to effectively se­
Known as forensic science, the use and finds only the evidence to sup­ cure a crime scene for a medical
of reasoned detection and evidence port it, disregarding any other evi­ examiner. Evidence was often in­
collection to solve crimes has dence that may be present.” Lee, a advertently mishandled for in­
steadily progressed alongside tech­ pivotal figure in the modern appli­ stance, bodies were moved or re­
nological advances. The invention cation of forensics, concluded that arranged, objects were picked up
of the microscope, for example, investigators needed better training and put down in different places
led to an emphasis on bodily in assessing all aspects of a crime from where they had been found,
fluids, hair, and foreign objects in scene, asking the right questions, and items that held important clues
crime solving. Fingerprinting, and determining which evidence were thrown away. Determined to
photography, and other develop­ should be preserved for further ex­ improve this situation, Lee began
ments also expanded the investiga­ amination. considering ways to bring greater
tor’s toolkit, right up to the present A charismatic American so­ objectivity to the pursuit of foren­
day, when DNA analysis and com­ cialite who inherited a large for­ sic science as part of police work.
puter modeling have become tune in her 50s, Lee utilized her When Harvard Medical School
crime­lab mainstays. ample free time and funds in a asked her to support their first­of­
Yet even with such a compre­ unique some would say morbid its­kind Department of Legal
hensive array of forensic problem­ manner. She became friends Medicine (DLM), aimed at train­
solving tools, crimes go unsolved, with George Burgess Magrath, a ing pathologists to identify a vic­
the innocent are convicted, and classmate of her brother at Har­ tim’s cause of death, she not only
perpetrators evade detection. It vard University and one of the funded the department’s formation
takes training and analytical skill country’s first medical examiners. in 1931 but also endowed the
to draw correct conclusions from In talking with Magrath about his Chair position, making sure Ma­
evidence; the large quantity of data work, she became aware that most grath was the first to fill it. And

( 38 ) Which of the following statements about police investigators would Frances

Glessner Lee most likely have agreed with?
1 While they were skilled at identifying and gathering evidence, they often
lacked technical skills such as the ability to properly use microscopes.
2 Their refusal to adopt the latest technology meant they were at a large
disadvantage when attempting to solve crimes.
3 They tended to base their investigations around assumptions rather than
consideration of evidence in an unbiased manner.
4 It was necessary for them to be able to think in the same way as criminals
in order to solve crimes more effectively.

( 39 ) What did Lee’s relationship with George Burgess Magrath help her realize
about forensic investigations?
1 Since crime scenes were poorly guarded, people who happened to be near
them when investigating officers arrived were sometimes falsely accused.
2 Forensic investigations could not be carried out properly because crime
scenes were being disturbed by investigating officers.
3 In order for crime scenes to be properly analyzed, investigating officers had
to learn more about the reasons people became criminals in the first place.
4 Forensic science was doing more harm than good because medical
examiners refused to cooperate with investigating officers at crime scenes.
2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
! 12 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
she donated more than just money Timothy Keel, whose training in­ that field in the process and did
for the innovative program; she cluded the Nutshells, said Lee’s so using traditional feminine crafts
pioneered a study tool considered, millimeter­thick cigarette butts, well outside of their stereotypical
to this day, a gold standard for de­ miniature working locks and bullet domestic context. They stimulated
tective training. Based on her ob­ holes, and lithographs of actual male police trainees to question
servation that “visual studies of ac­ newspapers were a lesson in how their unconscious biases by repre­
tual cases seem a most valuable “it could be the smallest detail that senting the intimate and tragic sto­
teaching tool,” Lee created the turns a case.” The corpses were ries of victims such as women,
Nutshell Studies of Unexplained handcrafted with tremendous ad­ poor people, and prostitutes, who
Death. These were 20 dollhouse­ herence to detail and scientific ac­ were often “invisible” to those in­
sized three­dimensional models, or curacy, even down to bruises and vestigating crimes, as police often
dioramas, depicting real­life crime the discoloration of extremities. rushed through such cases or ap­
scenes of murder, accidental death, The Nutshells’ complexity chal­ proached them with careless as­
and suicide which she had pains­ lenged police trainees’ powers of sumptions.
takingly researched down to the ti­ observation and taught them to ap­ A staunch advocate of equality
niest detail, envisioning them as a ply evidence­based, methodical under the law, Lee was motivated
supplement to the lectures given procedures that would eventually in large part by her desire to see
by DLM professors. lead them to solve the cases that justice done, regardless of the
Like many young women from were depicted in them. Because identity of victim or perpetrator.
wealthy families in the late nine­ the Nutshells are still used to train While today’s forensics are domi­
teenth century, Lee had been investigators, some of the solu­ nated by computers and DNA
trained in domestic crafts like knit­ tions remain a secret. analysis, Lee’s Nutshells are still
ting, sewing, and painting. These Lee’s dioramas had another being used to train police recruits
enabled her to construct the dio­ purpose as well. They focused on because science alone does not
ramas at a one­twelfth scale, and crimes that confronted prejudices solve crimes human reason, per­
even knit miniature clothes with associated with a male­dominated ception, and open­mindedness are
straight pins and paint letters with profession launching their fe­ equally important.
a single­hair brush. FBI agent male creator to the forefront of

( 40 ) What makes the Nutshells such an effective training tool?

1 Because they show incidents that occurred in unfamiliar locations, they
demonstrate that not all crimes can be solved based on the crime scene alone.
2 The fact that they encourage collaboration among investigators is important
because law­enforcement officials usually hold such differing opinions.
3 They reproduce all the aspects of a crime scene so precisely that the
importance of objective analysis becomes apparent.
4 Since they were made by someone outside of law enforcement, they are
unlike anything investigators usually see and so are difficult for them to solve.

( 41 ) According to the author of the passage, the Nutshells challenged traditional

thinking by
1 using something associated with women in a way that drew attention to the
types of victims whose cases were often not given proper consideration.
2 emphasizing that, although women were particularly vulnerable to violent
crimes, they were also as capable as men of committing such crimes.
3 disproving the widely held opinion among law­enforcement officials that
DNA analysis is the most effective way to identify and convict criminals.
4 causing police departments to reevaluate the way they hire investigators
based on criteria that had previously been considered unimportant.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 13 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

4 English Composition

● Write an essay on the given TOPIC.

● Give THREE reasons to support your answer.
● Structure: introduction, main body, and conclusion
● Suggested length: 200 240 words
● Write your essay in the space provided on Side B of your answer sheet.
Any writing outside the space will not be graded.

TOPIC
Is space exploration worth the cost?

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 14 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 15 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Listening Test

There are four parts to this listening test.

Part 1 Dialogues: 1 question each Multiple-choice

Part 2 Passages: 2 questions each Multiple-choice
Part 3 Real-Life: 1 question each Multiple-choice
Part 4 Interview: 2 questions Multiple-choice

※ Listen carefully to the instructions.

Part 1
No. 1 1 Change his shirts more often.
2 Find a new dry cleaner.
3 Complain to the cleaner.
4 Get his shirts cleaned sooner.

No. 2 1 He often makes hasty decisions.

2 He does not work enough hours.
3 He should hold more meetings.
4 He is not strict enough.

No. 3 1 She thinks her dog is ill.

2 She thinks Dr. Skoberg is too busy.
3 She thinks her vet may be mistaken.
4 She thinks her vet should run more tests.

No. 4 1 Get her car repaired.

2 Pay off her loan.
3 Try harder to save money.
4 Purchase a new car.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 16 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

No. 5 1 The price of plane tickets.

2 The change in company policy.
3 The generosity of his company.
4 The cancellation of his business trip.

No. 6 1 Do not trust the manager.

2 Do not hurry to get promoted.
3 Do not refuse opportunities when they come.
4 Do not expect overtime pay.

No. 7 1 They should have proposed the change sooner.

2 They attempted to block the rule about sugary drinks.
3 They are not really concerned with children’s health.
4 They are trying to develop healthier drinks.

No. 8 1 Water conditions will worsen tomorrow.

2 Refunds are not given on the same day.
3 Good swimming ability is not required.
4 It is likely more people will cancel.

No. 9 1 He is obsessed with cleanliness.

2 He is not good at using technology.
3 He tends to get bored easily.
4 He dislikes staying at home.

No. 10 1 It will be impossible to avoid making mistakes.

2 Susan should have told him about the change earlier.
3 The new client will be pleased with the final report.
4 The problem is the sales team’s fault.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 17 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Listening Test

Part 2

(A) No. 11 1 Their storage capacity is too limited.

2 A necessary material is in short supply.
3 They do not supply enough power.
4 The graphite used in them melts easily.

No. 12 1 It uses a cheap gel to conduct electricity.

2 It does not create significant amounts of heat.
3 It is expected to last for a long time.
4 It can be made by recycling lithium­ion batteries.

(B) No. 13 1 It repairs damaged cells in the pancreas.

2 It performs one of the functions of the pancreas.
3 It monitors the condition of the pancreas.
4 It protects the pancreas from the immune system.

No. 14 1 Keep the body from rejecting the implanted cells.

2 Increase the number of DRI BioHubs available.
3 Find a way to implant the cells more quickly.
4 Reduce the cost of the DRI BioHub.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 18 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

(C) No. 15 1 The US has tried to ban them.

2 They can be used for various tasks.
3 Militaries are selling them to private companies.
4 They tend to break down frequently.

No. 16 1 They are easier to detect than antisubmarine planes.

2 They are unable to escape from hostile submarines.
3 They move more slowly than surface drones.
4 They have less firepower than surface drones.

(D) No. 17 1 The animals take longer to mature.

2 They produce smaller amounts of food.
3 The meat produced is lower in protein.
4 They are threatening marine species.

No. 18 1 Finding sources to buy maggots from.

2 Getting government permission for maggot farms.
3 Overcoming people’s fear of maggots.
4 Finding an effective way to farm maggots.

(E) No. 19 1 They were trained by more experienced forecasters.

2 They had access to more detailed information.
3 They took too long to make decisions.
4 They took a more flexible approach to predicting.

No. 20 1 Review the accuracy of their performance.

2 Work on improving their confidence.
3 Learn how to share evidence with others.
4 Stop relying on government data.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 19 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Listening Test

Part 3

(F) No. 21 Situation: You work in the sales department of a large

manufacturing company in the US. You want to travel
overseas to meet with potential European clients. Your
manager explains some options.
Question: What should you do first?

1 Prepare the new contracts.

2 Get data on potential clients from colleagues.
3 Submit a revised budget plan to the director.
4 E­mail the potential clients on your list.

(G) No. 22 Situation: You want a one­year cable TV contract that includes
US and Asian channels and high­speed Internet service.
Your budget is $100 a month. A provider tells you the
following.
Question: Which package should you choose?

1 The AAC Package.

2 The Prestige Package.
3 The Super Savers Package.
4 The International Package.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 20 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

(H) No. 23 Situation: You need to buy a new lawnmower to cut the grass.
You have a flat half­acre yard with no storage space outside
your house. A sales clerk explains your options.
Question: Which lawnmower should you purchase?

1 The EZ Push.
2 The KM­5.
3 The ElectroFlow.
4 The Gas Master.

(I) No. 24 Situation: You manage the accounting team at an insurance

company, and two staff members are not meeting their
targets. The personnel director tells you the following.
Question: What should you do first?

1 Complete the evaluation forms.

2 Help the staff set new goals.
3 Set penalties for poor performers.
4 Develop a retraining program.

(J) No. 25 Situation: Your allergy medicine leaves you feeling tired when
you drive to work, and it upsets your stomach. An assistant
at your doctor’s clinic leaves you a voice mail.
Question: Which medication should you take?

1 Zentona.
2 Ambosen.
3 Millaten.
4 Clearile.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 21 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

Listening Test

Part 4

No. 26 1 Convincing broadcasters his ideas were worth considering.

2 Producing documentaries overseas on a limited budget.
3 Communicating with staff who did not speak English.
4 Keeping up with the demand for documentaries about Japan.

No. 27 1 News magazines are struggling to compete with digital

media.
2 Journalists have been too slow to report on regional
conflicts.
3 People are less likely to read human­interest stories these
days.
4 They are often presented in similar ways to fiction.

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 22 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
 Grade 1

2019年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2019 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

! 23 ! 無断転載・複製を禁じます
■一次試験の結果について■
1）英検ウェブサイトでの解答速報（http://www.eiken.or.jp） 10月7日 13:00以降

2）結果通知方法
◆個人申込の場合
一次個人成績表に合否結果を記載して，10月29日までに送付します（合格の場合は，一次個人成績
表の右上部分が二次受験票になります）
。未着の場合は10月29日以降に英検サービスセンター03
（3266）
8311（平日9:30∼17:00）までお問い合わせください（お問い合わせの際には個人番号もお知らせ
ください）。
◆団体申込の場合
一次個人成績表は10月29日までに申込責任者あてに送付します（個人あてには送付しません）
。
10月30日までに二次受験票を受け取っていない場合は，申込責任者へお問い合わせください。

■二次試験について（一次試験合格者のみ）■ ※試験日程は必ずご自身で事前にご確認ください。
1）試験日 A日程：11月3日（日） B日程：11月10日（日）
・二次試験の受験日は，A日程・B日程のうち，申込方法・希望受験地等に基づき協会が指定しま
す。試験日・受験会場・集合時間は二次受験票（一次個人成績表の右上部分）で通知します。こ
れを切り離して受験会場にお持ちください。
・いかなる場合も二次受験票で指定された試験日・受験会場・集合時間での受験となり，変更はで
きません。
・日程区分については，英検ウェブサイトの【二次試験のＡ／Ｂ日程の区分けについて】をご確認
ください。
・ダブル受験（隣接した2つの級を一緒に受験）の場合，それぞれの級について二次受験票に記載
の日程での受験となり，級により異なる日程での受験となる場合があります。
・年齢は申込時に申請した生年月日に基づいて算出します（一次試験の答案に異なる生年月日を記
入されても反映されません）。
・申込情報に不備がある場合，協会が指定した日時での受験となり，【二次試験のＡ／Ｂ日程の区
分けについて】のとおりの日程とならない場合があります。
・一部特別会場（海外・離島等），障がい者特別措置にて二次試験を受験する場合についてはＡ日
程とします。

2）受験地（11都市の受験地から選べます）
・解答用紙（Ａ面）
「二次希望受験地」の中から選び，マークしてください。