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Midterm Exam - Fa23

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10 views

Midterm Exam - Fa23

Uploaded by

Fatima Ismail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMSATS University Islamabad

Mid-Term Examination (Fall 2023)

Date: 08/11/2023 Marks: 25


Course: PHY346 Data Communication Networks Semester: BEL-07
Instructor: Dr. Muhammad Zaka Ur Rehman Time Allowed: 80 Minutes
Name: ________________________________ Registration No.: ____________________

Question No 1: Consider sending real-time voice from Host A to Host B over a packet-
switched network (VoIP). Host A converts analog voice to a digital 64 kbps bit stream on the
fly. Host A then groups the bits into 56-byte packets. There is one link between Hosts A and
B; its transmission rate is 2 Mbps and its propagation delay is 10 msec. As soon as Host A
gathers a packet, it sends it to Host B. As soon as Host B receives an entire packet, it converts
the packet’s bits to an analog signal. How much time elapses from the time a bit is created
(from the original analog signal at Host A) until the bit is decoded (as part of the analog
signal at Host B)? (04)

Question No 2: Equation 𝑑 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑁 𝐿/𝑅 gives a formula for the end-to-end
delay of sending one packet of length L over N links of transmission rate R. Generalize this
formula for sending P such packets back-to-back over the N links. (04)

Question No 3: Review the car-caravan analogy discussed in class. Assume a propagation


speed of 100 km/hour. Suppose the caravan travels 150 km, beginning in front of one
tollbooth, passing through a second tollbooth, and finishing just after a third tollbooth. What
is the end-to-end delay? (04)

Question No 4: Answer the following questions with justifications if required,


i. For a communication session between a pair of processes, which process is the
client and which is the server?
ii. Suppose you wanted to do a transaction from a remote client to a server as fast as
possible. Would you use UDP or TCP? Why?
iii. Recall that TCP can be enhanced with SSL to provide process-to-process security
services, including encryption. Does SSL operate at the transport layer or the
application layer? If the application developer wants TCP to be enhanced with
SSL, what does the developer have to do? (06)

Question No 5: Suppose two hosts, A and B, are separated by 20,000 kilometers and are
connected by a direct link of R = 1 Gbps. Suppose the propagation speed over the link is 2.5 *
108 meters/sec.
a. Calculate the bandwidth-delay product, R * dprop.
b. Consider sending a file of 800,000 bits from Host A to Host B. Suppose the
file is sent continuously as one large message. What is the maximum number
of bits that will be in the link at any given time?
c. Provide an interpretation of the bandwidth-delay product.
d. What is the width (in meters) of a bit in the link? Is it longer than a football
field?
e. Derive a general expression for the width of a bit in terms of the propagation
speed s, the transmission rate R, and the length of the link m. (07)

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