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Summary of Verb Forms. 2023

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11 views

Summary of Verb Forms. 2023

Uploaded by

nguyen an
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SUMMARY OF VERB FORMS

Tenses & time Form Uses Examples Notes


Repeated or habitual events/ actions (in
I read every night before I go to sleep.
the present)
(+)
Ten times ten makes one hundred.
General truths and facts
Present Simple (–) I don’t like my job.
NOT Tomo’s
(?) Permanent situations Tomo’s parents live in a big house.
parents are living
Fixed or regular schedules The plane leaves at 8:30 Monday night.
Actions in progress at the moment of
She is playing the piano at the moment.
speaking
Action in progress around the moment of not exactly the time
(+) You are spending a lot these days.
speaking of speaking
Present (–) She’s staying with us until she finds another
Progressive Temporary situations (in the present)
(?) place to live.
Changing/ developing situations My Japanese is improving day by day.

Future plans/ arrangements They’re visiting us next week.

(+) Completed states/ actions (occurring in


I lived in London when I was a child.
the past)
Past Simple (–) Now I’m not a
Repeated or habitual states/ actions in the
(?) I used to swim very well. good swimmer
past
anymore.
(+) The action had
Past (–) I was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. started but it had
Actions in progress at a specific past time
Progressive I was reading a novel when the phone rang. not finished at that
(?) time.

(+) States/ Actions occurring in the past and We often use time
I have learned English for ten years.
continuing up to the present expressions
Present Perfect (–) like ever, never,
Finished activities in the recent past We’ve just cleaned the car.
(?) before, so far, up
Experiences up to now She’s been to Canada twice. until now.
Todd has been to that resort — why don’t you ask him what it was like?
NOTE have been vs. have gone
“Where’s Jen?” — “Oh, she’s gone to the library to study.”
(+) The focus is on the
I’ve been going to Spain on holiday every
Repeated activities which started at a process of the
Present Perfect (–) year since 1987.
particular time in the past and are still action (to answer
Progressive I haven’t been eating much lunch lately.
(?) continuing up until now questions with How
I’ve been going to the gym at lunchtimes.
long)
(+) I’d seen all of Elvis Presley’s movies by the
(–) States/ Actions occurring/ completing time I was 20!
Past Perfect
before a past time Had you got a driver’s license before you
(?) moved to Sydney?
(+)
Actions or events which started before a It was so difficult to get up last Monday for
Past Perfect (–) particular time in the past and were still in school. I had been working on my essays the
Progressive
(?) progress up to that time in the past night before and I was very tired.

THE FUTURE

Schedules (fixed) The flight takes off at 10 am.


Present Simple Fixed events that are not the speaker’s wishes Tim retires in three years.
In the future time clauses We’ll have dinner when we get there.

Present Progressive Future plans/ arrangements I’m going to Paris next week.

Future intentions
BE GOING + to-Inf I’m going to be a doctor when I grow up.
Prediction with clear evidence

Decisions, offers, promises, requests, etc. made at the time of speaking The phone’s ringing. I’ll answer it.
WILL + Infinitive
Prediction: without clear evidence The company will make a profit next year.

We’ll be enjoying our vacation in Hanoi at this time next


WILL + BE + V-ing Actions in progress at a specific time in the future
week.

(prediction) actions completing before a specific time in the future She’ll have been married for 40 years next month.
WILL + HAVE + past
Period of time that will be completed at a specific time in the future We’ll have known each other for ten years next month.
participle
What we expect or know to have happened already The film will have started by now.

WILL + HAVE + Actions completing before a specific time in the future, with an emphasis on the
We’ll have been working here for ten years next week.
BEEN + V-ing duration of the actions

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