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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

1. Notice of Revisions

REV. DATE REVIEWED APPROVED REVISIONS

15 Sep
0 Samsudin T.Ravin First issue of procedure
2011

06 Oct
1.0 Samsudin T.Ravin Inclusion of section 5 – Handling of Additives
2011

20 Sep
2.0 Param T.Ravin Review and re-affirmation of procedure
2012

- To include the availability of at least 2 boat-men on-

12 Apr board launches (section 6); and
3.0 Param T.Ravin
2013 - To expand on the duties for the Doping Supervisor
and Technician (section 7).

22 Jun Inclusion of tank-truck doping practices in the

4.0 Param T.Ravin
2016 procedure

29 Jul Review procedure for minor changes based on

5.0 Arasu T.Ravin
2016 existing industry practices

• Complete review and re-affirmation of the

17 Jul procedure;
6.0 Arasu T.Ravin
2020 • Inclusion of a section on Emergency Plan; and
• Change of procedure layout to include Contents.

11 Nov To review and align the procedure in full compliance

7.0 Arasu T.Ravin
2020 to HM 67 standard.

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

2. Contents

1. NOTICE OF REVISIONS

2. CONTENTS

3. INTRODUCTION

4. REFERENCES AND RELATED PROCEDURES

5. RESPONSIBILITIES

6. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

7. HANDLING OF ADDITIVES

8. HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE) REQUIREMENTS

9. PROCEDURE FOR ADDITIVATION

10. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE (CLEANING)

11. EMERGENCY PLAN

12. ANNEXES

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

3. Introduction
Adding value and margin to oil cargoes demands a flexible approach to meet the contractual and physical
limitations of oil commodities. A cargo that for one reason or another is off-specification may be treated with
additives to correct some deficiency. Due to good developments in additives research, we are now able to
improve quality parameters in cargoes that were previously impossible to treat.

The best way to introduce additives to cargoes is to add them in a refinery or terminal, where harmful
exposure of personnel to the additives or the cargo can be minimised. Ships are not designed for such
activities and introducing additives on board the ship brings limitations and risks which needs to be carefully
studied and mitigated. However, additives may need to be introduced on board ship for various reasons,
either during loading, after loading or before discharge of cargo. Some typical additives introduced used for
petroleum cargoes are shown in the below table (Reference: HM 67 Guidelines).

Type of Additive Typical Cargo Additional Information

Mostly in liquid form for better dispersion and
Antioxidant Gasoil, Mogas, Kerosene
homogenisation
Cetane number improver Gasoil Special handling precautions required
Water sensitive, handling temperature is
CFPP improver Gasoil
critical for proper additive deployment
Conductivity improver/static
Various fuel types Water sensitive
dissipator additive (SDA)
Corrosion inhibitor Various fuel types Water sensitive
Dehazer Gasoil
Demulsifiers Fuel oil, Crude oil
Typically, Gasoil, Mogas, Preference for liquid form for better dispersion
Dyes
Avgas and homogenisation
Icing inhibitors Kerosene
H2S/mercaptan scavenger Various fuel types Reaction time and mixing required
Lubricity improver Gasoil/Jet Water sensitive
Pourpoint depressants Gasoil, Residual Fuel oil
Octane improver Mogas

Typically, additives are introduced to the cargo by the additive suppliers or the Surveying company in close
co-ordination with both the cargo owners and the additive suppliers. Cargo owners shall provide written
instructions for the additive treatment procedure, including expectations for sampling and reporting, and
contact details and other information necessary to allow the Surveying company to coordinate with the
other parties involved. The cargo owner and contractor/additive supplier should agree the volume ratio of
additive required, preferably through tests using laboratory hand blends.

CCIC Singapore have strong resources to carry out additive supply and injection for cargo treatment. We
offer full cargo treatment facilities, starting with testing laboratories and stocking its wide range of additives
at strategic locations. We offer our clients an all-under-one-roof service for effectively and safely treating
cargoes with the aid of full facilities from a well-equipped and accredited Laboratory to the stocking of
required additives and the capability to perform additivation in oil storage/refining installations, on-board
vessels in full compliance to local regulatory requirements and in line with the recommendations published
by the International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT).

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

4. References and Related Procedures

• HM 67 – Guidelines for the Introduction of Additives and Dyes to Petroleum Cargoes on Board Ship
• P&O Technical Guide for Inspection, Measurements & Sampling
• CCIC HSE Manual
• MSDS of Product and Additive(s) used
• Risk Assessment for Additivation
• International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT)

5. Responsibilities
The Division Manager is overall responsible for the timely and correct execution of the requirements of
this procedure.

The Operations Manager shall ensure proper resources (manpower and infrastructure) is available to
meet the requirements of this procedure. He/she shall further ensure that Surveyors who carry out the
physical additivation process are trained periodically re-trained of these requirements. He/she shall also
ensure that all health, safety and environmental (HSE) requirements are fully complied with during the
additivation process.

The Operations Executive shall ensure proper co-ordination of jobs. They shall review orders and resolve
ambiguities. They shall ensure proper and effective communication between the customers, the Surveyors
and Laboratory staff to ensure the additivation process is correctly and efficiently carried out. Furthermore
he/she shall co-ordinate with the Additive Suppliers and ensure adequate stock of the required additive is
purchased in time for the additivation process.

Surveyors have a critical role to play in order to meet the requirements of this procedure and eventually
realize correct and timely delivery of the process. They are responsible for executing the job as per
established standard operating procedures (CCIC Technical Guide) and/or international standards. (see
specific responsibilities in section 9 – Procedure for Additivation).

6. Equipment Required
• Air Pump
• Flexible chemical resistant hoses (approximately 10 and 20 meters in length) and assembly
• Dipstick
• Funnels (metal or other suitable material)
• Earthing wire
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as identified in section 6 below
• Couplings for Vapour Control Valve (VCV) point
• Spill kits
• Heavy duty plastic sheets
• 20 Litre jerry can
• 2 Litre measuring jug
• Eyewash bottles

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

7. Handling of Additives
The Operations Team, depending on customer requirements, destination of cargo and to the extent the
cargo needs to be treated shall procure the required additives from an approved supplier as identified in the
system. Required quantities shall be calculated using the hand-blend test results as basis. This shall be
notified to the principal and approval obtained before procuring the additives.

Additives procured shall be safely transported to the required site. Only licensed and approved contractors
shall be used for the transportation and lifting of the additives when additivation is carried on-board vessels.

The Lead Surveyor shall take full custody of the transported additives from the contractor and check
whether the quantities tally with what has been procured/planned. Any discrepancy to the quantities or
damage to the additive containers shall be recorded and reported to the Operations Team.

When transferring additives from shore/barge to the ship, Surveyor shall ensure the quantity that is
transferred and that it is in a suitable condition to be put on the ship. Any damages or shortages should be
recorded. After the additive has been transferred, a similar check should be made on the vessel to ensure
that no damage occurred during the transfer operation and that the full quantity of additive was delivered.

Small quantities of additives may be hand-carried on board if safe access is available. Larger quantities of
additives and equipment such as pumps and hoses will need to be loaded on board the ship using lifting
equipment. The additive containers and equipment should be lifted individually or placed on rope slings in
quantities within the permitted load of the ship's lifting equipment. A rope (tag line) should be threaded into
the bottom of the slings to control the sway of the load when lifted above deck height on transfer to the
vessel and to/from the barge. Personnel should never be positioned under a hoisted load.

Appropriate fire-fighting, spill response equipment and sorbents should be made available on the ship close
to the additive storage area.

Empty additive containers shall be disposed using approved contractors.

8. Health, Safety & Environmental (HSE) Requirements

✓ All work shall be carried out in strict compliance to CCIC Health and Safety Guide established.
✓ Ensure portable electrical equipment such as flashlights (torches), gauging devices, electronic
thermometers etc., are intrinsically safe.
✓ Sources of ignition should be managed with intrinsically safe equipment or equipment that is properly
bonded for static dissipation.
✓ Consult the MSDS of the materials handled (both the cargo and additives) and be aware of all safety
precautions.
✓ Lead Surveyor shall report to the facility’s responsible person (installations) upon arriving or the Master
and/or his representative upon boarding the vessel.
✓ Ensure that the reference height of the ship’s tanks is taken before each job. This is to prevent
overfeeding of the hose during the operation.
✓ Ensure loading is reduced to a minimum rate.
✓ Ensure that the vessel has isolated the cargo tank where the doping is to take place.
✓ Ensure the tank suction valve and inert gas branch are shut.

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

✓ Ensure release of inert gas pressure so that the IG pressure in the cargo tank is slightly positive or zero
mm water gauge before carrying out additive doping.
✓ Ensure that the pneumatic pump is placed on the deck and the hose is to be inserted into the cargo.
Additive delivery hoses should be chemically resistant and be capable of static dissipation. Hoses to be
lowered into cargo tanks should be weighted at one end so that the tube can be lowered into the cargo
tank with minimal deflection or slack. The weight should not be capable of producing a spark, in case
the hose swings and hits the tank walls.
✓ Ensure that the metal parts for the pneumatic pump, Teflon flange and the metal clamps for the hose
are earthed using 6mm bonding wires.
✓ Drum or barrel pumps for transfer of small quantities of liquid should be chemically resistant. Air-driven
diaphragm pumps should be constructed of chemically resistant materials, with bonding for static
dissipation. They should be mounted on a sturdy frame for stability during operation.
✓ Report any Safety or Operational abnormality to his superior or the vessel’s master and/or his
representative.
✓ When using launch services, ensure the launch service provider has at least 2 personnel (boat-men)
available on-board the launch at any and all times.
✓ Ensure that Emergency evacuation plan is available.
✓ Ensure that all relevant MSDS, Eyewash, Emergency shower & Spill Kit are available and identified.
✓ Be fully familiar with CCIC Risk Assessment for Additivation process.
✓ Immediately advise the installation's responsible personnel and CCIC operations team of any unsafe
situations whilst on site and wait for instructions on how to proceed.

Note: Opening of tank hatches should be strictly avoided. If opening of tank hatches is required, a risk
assessment for this operation should be carried out by the Surveyor together with the ship's representative.

The following PPE shall be worn:

✓ Fire retardant overalls with long sleeves

✓ Safety shoes
✓ Safety helmet
✓ Face visor and goggles, where appropriate
✓ Chemical resistant or heavy-duty work gloves, where appropriate
✓ Chemical suit or chemical resistant apron
✓ Full Body Harness (safety harness), when working at height (e.g., tank truck doping)
✓ H2S and Hydrocarbon (HC) gas detectors

The additivation process and equipment will be subjected to periodical audits to ensure full compliance to
HSE and Quality Assurance requirements. The HSEQ Manager or his delegate shall be responsible to carry
out such audits. Non-compliances and areas for improvement shall be followed by in line with the company’s
"Corrective/Preventive Action Procedure" and closed out. Audit and CAR/PAR records shall be retained by
the HSEQ Department for a period of at least 7 years.

9. Procedure for Additivation

The Doping Surveyor(s) shall be responsible for the following:-

• Ensure all PPE are in good working condition and ensure correct donning;

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

• Read and familiarise with the additive's MSDS in order to identify specific risks associated and the
required precautions;
• Consult the Generic Risk Assessment for Additivation process and ensure that there are no additional
risks for the task at hand, and that the controls identified are in place;
• Arrange transportation for additives and equipment;
• Perform pre-operation and related safety checks for equipment to ensure everything in order;
• Perform dosage calculations;
• Convene a meeting with the Installation’s responsible personnel prior to additivation to agree on a safe
and effective operational plan;
• Provide them with a copy of the additive’s MSDS and the Generic Risk Assessment;
• Obtain from Installation’s responsible personnel:
✓ the loading sequence for the nominated cargo tanks;
✓ the location of MMC Sounding Pipe and/or Vapor Lock Stand pipe;
✓ the cargo stowage plan.
• Ensure relevant parties are aware of the doping schedule and operations;
• Supervise and perform physical additivation operations;
• Perform on-the-job risk assessment;
• Ensure full compliance with the clients' additivation procedures;
• Ensure timely and safe disposal of empty drums;
• Perform a functional and safety check of the equipment after completion of doping operations;
• Prepare the required reports;
• Ensure equipment is safely transported back to the workshop.

Before the additivation process Surveyors shall ensure:

➢ To check the height of the tank compartments to ensure that delivery hoses of the appropriate lengths
are available.
➢ Powdered additives (such as dyes) are not added directly into the ship's tanks. Additives shall be in
liquid form and also reasonably pre-diluted before use.
➢ Additives are not introduced into empty tanks. Tanks shall have a minimum of 1 m depth of cargo
loaded before additives are introduced. This is to minimise possible harmful effects of concentrated
additives on tank coatings and tank bottom pipework.
➢ Introducing the additive with the cargo at just over 1 m depth allows for maximum mixing from
turbulence during the remainder of the loading. This is important for most additives except for static
dissipater additive (SDA).
➢ The loading line should be checked for water by sampling at the ship’s manifold to ensure that cargo is
bright and clear before beginning additive introduction. This is especially important for additives that are
hydrophilic (e.g. lubricity improver, cold flow improvers, SDA etc.), as the presence of water can render
the additives ineffective.

9.1 Key Meeting

The Lead Surveyor shall initiate a key meeting among the vessel representative(s) and shore
operational representative(s) who are involved in the operation. The following shall be discussed,
established and agreed by all parties in this meeting:
✓ Full operational details;
✓ Additivation procedures reviewed and ensure full understanding of all activities;
✓ Nominated ship’s tanks, shore tanks, line system, tank trucks and sequence of loading/discharges;
✓ The specific dosage and type of additive to be used for the operation.

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

Upon completion of key meeting and after all parties confirm their full understanding of the operation, a
permit to work (PTW) for the additive operation should be issued by the ship's master, agreed with the
Surveyor and followed during all stages of the operation.

The Lead Surveyor shall complete the required documentation Field Reports and Checklist (Annex 1) before
doping operation commences. The Lead Surveyor shall perform a dry run to ensure all connections and
equipment are in safe working conditions. After mitigating for any possible effects of failure, the Surveyor
shall inform all relevant parties that additivation process can start.

Lead Surveyor shall ensure a responsible ship's representative witness the operation in line with the ship's
procedures and the permit to work. Surveyor shall also obtain final cargo quantities for each compartment
when fully loaded, to calculate the required amount of additive for each compartment. Quantities are
typically calculated by volume and agreed with the cargo owner.

Where additive needs to be diluted, this should preferably be the loaded cargo itself, normally obtained from
sample or drain valves at the ship's manifold and collected into suitable drums at the start of loading. When
additive operations are performed after loading or before discharge, cargo for use as diluent will need to be
withdrawn or pumped out of the cargo tanks.

9.2 In-Line Doping

The Lead Surveyor shall ensure the following:

a) Check ship / shore loading rate. Load cargo to 2 feet level at a slow rate into all nominated
compartments before injection. Confirm the same with the vessel on the levels.
b) Advise terminal to reduce loading rate, keeping the ship tank pressure to the minimum, to prevent
tripping of the doping pump. Ensure safe working pressure of the pump is not breached.
c) Reconfirm shore line system being utilized with the Control Room.
d) Inform vessel to load one tank at a time during the doping operation.
e) Open air valve slowly to start the doping pump, and start injecting the required dosage.
f) Allow 5-10 minutes of waiting time for the additive to completely flow into the cargo tank.
g) Inform vessel to swing open the next nominated tank and repeat the above steps until all of the
required additives are injected to the tanks as per their dosages.
h) Samples may be taken from the representative ship tanks to ensure that the additive has been
correctly added into the vessel tanks.
i) Use the loaded cargo to clear the hose and line system, followed by air to clear all remains from hoses.
j) Shut off the air supply and spigot and detach equipment from the sampling line.
k) Ensure line pressure is reduced to the minimum before disconnecting hose to prevent sudden splashing
of material remaining in the line.
l) Upon completion of doping, inform all key personnel to resume loading to the agreed operational rate.
m) Open spigot and vessel’s manifold to drain sampling line until additives are all cleared.
n) Make the required arrangements to clear the empty drums.

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

9.3 In-Tank Doping (Inerted Condition)

The Lead Surveyor shall ensure the following:

a) Ensure that the doping operation is supervised by one of the vessel’s representative.
b) Ensure that all tanks are isolated and depressurised.
c) Identify and confirm the individual nominated tanks and additive dosages.
d) Set up the doping equipment and carry out the doping operations via the MMC point. For safety
reasons, open hatch doping is strictly prohibited.
e) Ensure nominated tanks are isolated and to ensure that no loading is carried out in the nominated tanks
when doping is in progress.
f) Load the cargo to approximately 1 meter level of the tank. Confirm with vessel that tanks have been
loaded to the required level before doping can commence.
g) Observe a 30 minute relaxation time, during which the ship tank(s) are being de-pressurised and all
inert-gas (IG) inlet valves closed and the mast head vent opened.
h) Ensure pressure to be maintained between 1 to 7 kPa or within the ship’s maximum safe pressure.
i) Ensure that oxygen and H2S contents are within safe limits.
j) Insert the hose (with metal connector) into the MMC point and lower it to the required depth.
k) Ensure the MMC points are properly covered to prevent splashing and leakages.
l) Insert the doping hose through the guiding pipe. Ensure all metal parts are grounded properly.
m) Transfer the required quantity (as per dosage plan) of additive either manually (through the funnel) or
using a suitable pump, into the tank.
n) Once the required quantity of additive is transferred, detach grounding cable, pull up the hose and shut
down the MMC valve. Dismount the MMC coupling before proceeding to the next tank to repeat this
process for the other nominated tanks.
o) Before the additive pump assembly is transferred to another tank compartment, take care to wrap the
free end of the delivery hose with absorbent materials or capped to prevent any spillage onto the deck.
p) When additive container begins to empty, wooden wedges may be inserted under one side so that the
drum does not need any human intervention to tilt and hold it while being emptied.

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q) A dipstick and/or an intrinsically safe torch shall be used to view the level of the additive in the drum to
be monitored.
r) Use the cargo to clear the pump and hoses upon completion.
s) Make the required arrangements to clear the empty drums.

9.4 Tank Truck Doping

The Doping Surveyor shall ensure the following:

a) Ensure full details of the trucks loading schedule is available for the period (typically daily schedules are
released by loading Installation) by the Operator.
b) Check the loading sequences of the trucks and prepare the additives and equipment required before
proceeding to the loading bay.
c) Transfer the required amount of additive from the main container to the holding container at the
additive storage area.
d) All transfers should be done in strict accordance to procedures mitigating static hazards. Correct
bonding and grounding procedures shall be observed.
e) Proceed to loading bay with the required equipment and the additives.
f) Once instruction is provided by the Installation personnel on the completion of the loading sequence,
check the compartment number(s) and the loaded quantity and verify this with the schedule. Any
discrepancy should be immediately highlighted to responsible Installation personnel.
g) Calculate the amount of additive to be added to the compartment(s) based on the dosage required.
h) As per dosage, transfer the required amount of additive from the holding container to a suitable
container after measuring the same with a graduated measuring cylinder.
i) Take care to avoid spills during transfer.
j) Don the full body harness connections before climbing up to the platform.
k) Climb up to the elevated platform at bay, carefully carrying the additive and holding the rail with the
other hand.
l) Fasten the pre-installed lanyard connector available at the platform to the full body harness and ensure
connections are secure and stable.
m) Cross over to the top of the tank truck via the retractable platform.
n) Open the hatch cover of the required compartment and carefully pour the additive into the
compartment. Stand upwind during this transfer process.
o) Once all the required additive is transferred, carefully close the hatch cover and cross-over to the main
platform.
p) Unhook the lanyard connection and descend down to the loading bay.
q) Prepare and complete required paperwork and proceed back to module.

10. Equipment Maintenance (Cleaning)

• Connect the pump unit to the suction and discharge hoses as well as air supply.
• Dip the end of the suction hose with the steel pipe attachment into a 25L container filled with the
current cargo.
• Place the end of the discharge hose into an empty 25L container.
• Turn on the pump to start the cleaning (flushing) process.
• After cleaning is completed, ensure the suction, discharge and air supply hoses are properly drained.
• Disconnect all the hoses and pack them up accordingly.

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TITLE: ADDITIVATION PROCESS

• Ensure above cleaning of the equipment is carried out after each operation.
• Complete the Doping Equipment Maintenance Checklist (Annex 2) as per requirements.

11. Emergency Plan

As commodity Inspections and Surveys are almost always carried out at third party locations including on-
board vessels – most, if not all locations – will have prepared suitable Emergency Response plans. These
plans are generally made aware to all Surveyors (and other personnel who may need to enter and/or work
at these locations) during the Safety Induction Course (SIC) conducted by the respective facility
management.

Typically, the Facility’s Emergency Co-ordinator and his team would have carried out a review, including risk
assessments, to identify foreseeable major incidents for which emergency procedures are required and
prepared appropriate emergency response plans and controls to mitigate risks identified during such
emergencies. These may typically include, but not limiting to:

 Fire
 Explosion
 Spillage to watercourse or land
 Emissions to air
 Flood
 Bomb threats
 Hostage incidents
 Incidents at neighbouring sites

It is CCIC’s policy that all our employees, when working at client facilities or other third party locations, they
must fully familiarize themselves with the emergency response plan for that site. Additionally, Surveyors
shall ensure full compliance to CCIC’s "Working at 3rd Party Location procedure" (as furnished in the Health
& Safety Guide).

During an emergency, Surveyors shall stop work immediately and as per site rules and regulations identified
in their respective emergency plans, will evacuate/muster at pre-planned locations. At the earliest
opportunity, the OE and/or Line Management shall be informed of the emergency situation.

12. Annexes
P&O-011 Field Inspection Report and Additivation Checklist
P&O-012 Doping Equipment Maintenance Checklist
RA-P&O-004 Risk Assessment for Additivation – On-Board Doping
RA-P&O-005 Risk Assessment for Additivation – Tank Truck Doping

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