NPTEL Online Certification Courses

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Course Name: Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks

Assignment- Week 1
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ/MSQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 2 = 20
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QUESTION 1:
Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Law of excluded middle is followed by Fuzzy set but not Crisp set.
b. Law of excluded middle is followed by Crisp set but not Fuzzy set.
c. Law of excluded middle is followed by both Crisp and Fuzzy sets.
d. Law of excluded middle is followed by neither Crisp set nor Fuzzy set.

Correct Answer: b

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QUESTION 2:
Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

a. De Morgan’s Laws are followed by Crisp set but not Fuzzy set.
b. De Morgan’s Laws are followed by Fuzzy set but not Crisp set.
c. De Morgan’s Laws are followed by neither Crisp set nor Fuzzy set.
d. De Morgan’s Laws are followed by both Crisp and Fuzzy sets.

Correct Answer: d

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 3:
Fig. A shows trapezoidal membership function distribution of a fuzzy set.

1.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 10.0

Fig. A: Trapezoidal membership function distribution.

The value of membership (𝜇) corresponding to 𝑥 = 3.5 is found to be equal to

a. 0.45
b. 0.55
c. 0.65
d. 0.75

Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution:
𝑥−𝑎 ′ 𝑑′ −𝑥
𝜇 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥(𝑚𝑖𝑛 ( ′ , 1, ) , 0)
𝑏′ −𝑎 𝑑′ −𝑐 ′

Here, 𝑎′ = 2.0, 𝑏′ = 4.0, 𝑐 ′ = 8.0, 𝑑 ′ = 10.0.

3.5 − 2.0 10.0 − 3.5

𝜇 = max⁡(min ( , 1, ) , 0)
4.0 − 2.0 10.0 − 8.0

= max⁡(min(0.75,1,3.25) , 0)

= max⁡(0.75, 0)

= 0.75

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 4:
Let us consider a fuzzy set A(x) as follows:

A x    x1,0.2 ,  x2 ,0.3 ,  x3 ,0.4.

Its scalar cardinality is found to be equal to:

a. 0.8
b. 0.9
c. 0.1
d. 0.4

Correct Answer: b

Detailed Solution:

Scalar cardinality

| A x  | 0.2  0.3  0.4  0.9.

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QUESTION 5:
Let us consider a fuzzy set A(x) as follows:

A x    x1,0.1 ,  x2 ,0.3 ,  x3 ,0.5.

Its CONCENTRATION is determined as

a.  x ,0.32 ,  x ,0.55 ,  x ,0.71.

1 2 3

b.  x ,0.01 ,  x ,0.09 ,  x ,0.25.

1 2 3

c.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.1.

1 2 3

d.  x ,0.1 ,  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.3.

1 2 3

Correct Answer: b
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Detailed Solution:

Concentration

 x , (0.1)  ,  x , (0.3)  ,  x , (0.5) 

1
2
2
2
3
2

  x1,0.01 ,  x2 ,0.09 ,  x3 ,0.25.

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QUESTION 6:
Let us consider two fuzzy sets:

A x    x1,0.1 ,  x2 ,0.2 ,  x3 ,0.3 ,( x4 ,0.4)

B  x    x1,0.2 ,  x2 ,0.3 ,  x3 ,0.4 ,  x4 ,0.5.

Their UNION (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)(x) is determined as

a.  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.4 ,( x ,0.5)

1 2 3 4

b.  x ,0.1 ,  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.3 ,( x ,0.4)

1 2 3 4

c.  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.2 ,( x ,0.1)

1 2 3 4

d.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.3 ,(x ,0.2)

1 2 3 4

Correct Answer: a

Detailed Solution:

( A  B)( x)   x1,0.2 ,  x2 ,0.3 ,  x3 ,0.4 ,  x4 ,0.5.

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QUESTION 7:
Let us consider two fuzzy sets as follows:

A x    x1,0.1 ,  x2 ,0.2 ,  x3 ,0.3

B  x    x1 ,0.3 ,  x2 ,0.4 ,  x3 ,0.5

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Their Algebraic sum, Ax   Bx  is represented as follows:

a.  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.6 ,  x ,0.8.

1 2 3

b.  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.5.

1 2 3

c.  x ,0.1 ,  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.3.

1 2 3

d.  x ,0.37 ,  x ,0.52 ,  x ,0.65.

1 2 3

Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution:

A x   B  x    x1,0.1  0.3  0.03 ,  x2 ,0.2  0.4  0.08 ,  x3 ,0.3  0.5  0.15

  x1,0.37 ,  x2 ,0.52 ,  x3 ,0.65

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QUESTION 8:
Let us consider two fuzzy sets as follows:

Ax   x1 ,0.2, x2 ,0.3, x3 ,0.4

B  x    x1 ,0.3 ,  x2 ,0.4 ,  x3 ,0.5

Their bounded sum, Ax   Bx  is represented as follows:

a.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.7 ,  x ,0.9

1 2 3

b.  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.2

1 2 3

c.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.3

1 2 3

d.  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.4

1 2 3

Correct Answer: a

Detailed Solution:

A x  B  x   x , min 1, 0.2  0.3  ,  x , min 1, 0.3  0.4  ,  x , min 1, 0.4  0.5
1 2 3
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  x1,0.5 ,  x2 ,0.7  ,  x3 ,0.9.

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QUESTION 9:
Let us consider two fuzzy sets as follows:

A x    x1 ,0.3 ,  x2 ,0.4 ,  x3 ,0.5

B  x    x1 ,0.5 ,  x2 ,0.6 ,  x3 ,0.7 

Their Algebraic difference, A  x   B  x  is determined as follows:

a.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.6 ,  x ,0.7

1 2 3

b.  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.5

1 2 3

c.  x ,0.7 ,  x ,0.6 ,  x ,0.5

1 2 3

d.  x ,0.3 ,  x ,0.4 ,  x ,0.3

1 2 3

Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution:

Ax   Bx   x,  A B x 

where  AB x   AB x

B  x    x1 ,0.5 ,  x2 ,0.4 ,  x3 ,0.3

 A x   B  x    x1,0.3 ,  x2 ,0.4 ,  x3 ,0.3

____________________________________________________________________________
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 10:
Let us consider two fuzzy sets as follows:

A x    x1,0.1 ,  x2 ,0.2 ,  x3 ,0.5

B  x    x1 ,0.4 ,  x2 ,0.5 ,  x3 ,0.6

Their bounded difference, 𝐴(𝑥) ⊝ 𝐵 (𝑥) is determined as follows:

a.  x ,0.0 ,  x ,0.0 ,  x ,0.1

1 2 3

b.  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.1

1 2 3

c.  x ,0.6 ,  x ,0.5 ,  x ,0.4

1 2 3

d.  x ,0.1 ,  x ,0.2 ,  x ,0.5

1 2 3

Correct Answer: a

Detailed Solution:

𝐴(𝑥) ⊝ 𝐵 (𝑥) = {(𝑥, 𝜇𝐴⊝𝐵 (𝑥))}

where 𝜇𝐴⊝𝐵 (𝑥) = max⁡{0, 𝜇𝐴 (𝑥) + 𝜇𝐵 (𝑥) − 1}

∴ ⁡𝐴(𝑥) ⊝ 𝐵 (𝑥)
= {(𝑥1 , max{0, 0.1 + 0.4 − 1.0}), (𝑥2 , max{0, 0.2 + 0.5
− 1.0}), (𝑥3 , max{0, 0.5 + 0.6 − 1.0})}

= {(𝑥1 , 0), (𝑥2 , 0), (𝑥3 , 0.1)}

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