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GMDSS Notes by ANUPAM

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19 views31 pages

GMDSS Notes by ANUPAM

Uploaded by

Manan Ahuja
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© © All Rights Reserved
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GMDSS

By : Anupam Singh Rajput


: SMART MARINER(Please subscribe)

For more notes visit


marineredition.com
GMDSS
Q.1) What is GMDSS?
Ans:- Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is the internationally agreed-
upon set of safety procedures, types of equipment and communication protocols used to
increase safety and make it easier to rescue all distressed ships, boats and aircrafts.

Q.2)What are functional requirement of GMDSS?


Ans:- The GMDSS is designed to perform 9 functions:

1. Transmission of ship to shore distress alerts by two separate and independent means.
The details for this function are contained on the individual ship’s radio safety certificate. For
example, a ship in area A1 would use VHF DVS equipment as the primary means and the
EPIRB as the secondary. Ships in are A4 would use HF DSC equipment as the primary means
and a 406 MHz EPIRB as a secondary means.
2. Reception of shore to ship distress alerts.
If a ship sends a distress signal via an EPIRB or INMARSAT C satellite terminal, any ship in the
vicinity will not be aware of the distress until the shore authorities relay the distress details by
sending a DSC call and/or a satellite call to all ships within a defined area.
3. Transmission and reception of ship to ship distress alerts.
A ship in distress can alert other ships in the vicinity by sending a DSC distress alert on VHF and
MF and follow it up with a distress voice message on channel 16 or 2182 MHz. HF DSC is
reserved for long range work and is intended for alerting shore-based authorities.
4. Transmission and reception of SAR coordinating communications.
This is to enable ships to perform SAR coordination functions described in the International
Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) manual. It includes the use of radio
telex (called Barrow Band Direct Printing or NBDP) between ships involved in the SAR.
5. Transmission and reception of on-scene communications.
It involves the use of short to medium range communications during the course of the
operation.
Ships must be able to communicate with aircraft, other ships and shore authorities using
dedicated GMDSS frequencies for voice and NBDP communications,
Frequencies for RT (radio telephony) use are:
 VHF Channel 16 and channel 6 (inter ship and ship-aircraft communications).

 VHF 121.5 MHz and 123.1 MHz (ship-aircraft communications) It is compulsory for
passenger vessels.

 MF 2182 KHz (distress and safety voice communications).

 HF 3023 KHz (ship-aircraft); 4125 KHz (ship-shore; ship-ship); 5680 KHz (ship-
aircraft).

6. Transmission and reception of locating signals.


Locating and homing signals are provided for in GMDSS by EPIRBs and SARTs.
GMDSS
SARTs are intended for use in survival craft to provide a homing signal for ships and
aircraft engaged in SAR operations.
SARTs operate in the navigation radar frequency band (X band).
7. Transmission and reception of maritime safety information (MSI).
GMDSS provides two independent systems for broadcasting MSI namely, NAVTEX and
SAFETY NET.
Navigation and meteorology warnings, meteorology forecasts and other urgent safety
related messages for a given area (NAVAREA) are broadcast over NAVTEX and SAFETY
NET.
8. Transmission and reception of general communications to and from shore-based
radio systems.
GMDSS provides facilities for all types of commercial and personal communications over
commercial telecommunications networks.
9. Transmission of bridge to bridge communications.
SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) requires that access to VHF communication equipment
must be available at the position the ship is normally navigated and controlled from. This
includes the operation of channel 13 which is reserved for inter ship communications
relating to the safety of navigation.

Q.3) Carraige requirement?


Ans:- 1 2 3 formula
1 EPIRB
2 SART
3 two way GMDSS HAND HELD WALKIE TALKIE

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