Scribd
Upload
17 views12 pages

Lecture 8-2023

Uploaded by

The Genius العبقري
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views12 pages

Lecture 8-2023

Uploaded by

The Genius العبقري
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

1

Chapter 7
Measurement of
Resistance, Inductance,
and Capacitance

2
AC Bridges

The AC Bridges are the alternating current electrical circuits used to find or measure the unknown resistance, inductance,
and capacitance. The principle of operation is based on the comparison measurement method i.e., comparing the unknown
value to be determined with the known value when the bridge circuit is balanced.

3
General Equation for Balance of AC Bridge:

4
General Equation for Balance of AC Bridge:
Representing the balance condition in polar form, the impedances can be written as

Z=Z∠θ
Where:
Z represents the magnitude
θ represents the phase angle of the complex impedance.

Equation (4) can be represented in the form:

The first condition is : Second condition is:

5
Measurement of Inductance
1. Maxwell Inductance Bridge
Impedance of arm ab, Z1 = (R1+jwL1)
Impedance of arm cd, Z2 = R4
Impedance of arm ad, Z3 = (R2+r2+jwL2)
Impedance of arm bc, Z4 = R3

Balanced condition for the bridge,

Z1Z2 =Z3Z4

R1 = (R3/R4)(R2+r2) Where:
L1 = L2R3 / R4 L1 = Unknown inductance having resistance R1
L2 = Variable standard inductance with fixed resistance r2
R2 = Variable resistance
R3 and R4 = Known resistance 6
Measurement of Inductance
2. Maxwell inductance-Capacitance Bridge
Impedance of arm ab, Z1 = (R1+jwL1)
Impedance of arm cd, Z2 = R4 / (1+jwC4R4)
Impedance of arm ad, Z3 = R2
Impedance of arm bc, Z4 = R3
For bridge to be balance,
Z1Z2 =Z3Z4

R1 = R2R3 / R4
L1 = R2R3C4

L1 = Unknown inductance with resistance R1


C4 =variable standard capacitor
R2, R3 & R4 = Known fixed resistance
7
Advantage and disadvantages of Maxwell Bridge
Advantage:
• The expression of inductance is independent of frequency.
• A wide range of inductance can be measured at power and audio
frequencies.
• The expression for inductance is simple and can easily be
calculated.

Disadvantage:
Since Maxwell Inductance Capacitance Bridge uses variable
standard capacitor, it is
very expensive to get variable standard capacitor.
8
Hay Bridge
The balance condition

Z1 = R1 – (j/ωC1) Z2 = R2
Z3 = R3 Z4 = Rx + jωLx

Homework

Apply the balance condition to find the value of Lx

9
Measurements of capactance

10
Measurement of Frequency
Wien bridge

In most wien bridge circuits the values of R1, R3 and C1,C3 are
made equal.

11
12

You might also like