244 I SERIES-PARALLEL NETWORKS

Enter A1: 10
Enter A2: 220
Enter A3: 12
Enter A4: 100
Enter A5: 1e30
Enter A6: 1e30
Enter AND -60

The total resistance is 84.216866 ohms.

The source current is -0.712446 Ampere.
I3 is equal to -0.472103 Ampere.
I6 is equal to -2.360515e-29 Ampere.

FIGURE 7.63
C program response ^^ to an analysis of the ladder network shown
in Figure 7.60 without the elements R 5 and R 6 .

ISSUES
SECTION 7.2 Descriptive examples
1. Which elements of the networks in Figure 7.64 are in series and which in parallel? In other words, what ele Which parts
of the given networks have the same current (in series) or the same voltage (in parallel)? Narrow your decision to
individual items, do not include combined items.

FIGURE 7.64
Problem 1.
 PROBLEMS I245

2. Determine R T for the networks in Figure 7.65.

either- - - W--
4^
RT 4^

either- - -- TO
4^
(b) (to
)

FIGURE 7.65
Problem 2.

3. For the network in figure 7.66: +V1– +V2–

a. Is I = I 3 = I 6 ? Explain.
b. If I = 5 A and I 1 = 2 A, find I 2 .
c. Is I 1 + I 2 = I 4 + I 5 ? Explain.
d. If V 1 = 6 V and E = 10 V, find V 2 .
e. If R 1 = 3 ^ , R 2 = 2 ^ , R 3 = 4 ^ and R 4 = 1 ^ , what will be the
value of R T ?
f. If the resistors have the values given in part (e) and E = 10 V,
what will be the value of I in ampere?
g. Using the values given in parts (e) and (f), in Count the power
delivered by battery E and dissipated by resistors R 1 and R 2 .
4. For the network in figure 7.67: FIGURE 7.66
a. Calculate R T . Problem 3.
b. Determine I and I 1 .
c. Find V 3 .
5. For the network in figure 7.68:
a. Calculate R T .
b. Determine Is , I1 , and I2 .
c. Find V a .

FIGURE 7.68
Problem 5.
246 I SERIES-PARALLEL NETWORKS

6. Determine the currents I 1 and I 2 for the network of Figure 7.69.

W—
+ 20V 5 ^ – 7V
°-------W £
I2
I1
AW—
25 ^

FIGURE 7.69
Problem 6.

7. to. Find the magnitude and direction of the currents I , I 1 , I 2 , and I 3 for the network of Fig. 7.70.
b. Indicate your address on figure 7.70.
*8. For the network of figure 7.71:
a. Determine the currents Is , I1 , I3 , and I4 .
b. Calculate V a and V bc .

FIGURE 7.70 FIGURE 7.71

Problem 7. Problem 8.

9. For the network in figure 7.72:

a. Determine the current I 1 .
b. Calculate the currents I 2 and I 3 .
c. Determine the voltage levels V a and V b .

FIGURE 7.72
Problem 9.
 PROBLEMS I247

10. For the network of figure 7.73:

a. Find the currents I and I 6 .
b. Find the voltages V 1 and V 5 .
c. Find the power delivered to the 6k ^ resistor.

FIGURE 7.73
Problem 10.

*11. For the series-parallel network of Figure 7.74:

a. Find the current I.
b. Find the currents I 3 and I 9 .
c. Find the current I 8 .
d. Find the voltage V ab .

FIGURE 7.74
Problem 11.

*12. Determine the dc levels for the transistor network of Figure

7.75 using the fact that V BE = 0.7 V, V E = 2 V, and I C = I E .
That is to say:
a. Determine I E and I C .
b. Calculate I B .
c. Determine V B and V C .
d. Find V CE and V BC .

FIGURE 7.75
Problem 12.
248 I SERIES-PARALLEL NETWORKS

VDD = 16V *13. The network in Figure 7.76 represents the basic arrangement
for biasing the field effect transistor (FET), a device sitive of
increasing importance in electronic design. ( Biasing simply
means the application of dc levels to establish a particular set
2.5k ^
2M ^ of operating conditions.) Although the reader may not be
d familiar with the FET, the following analysis can be
g performed using only the basic laws presented in this chapter.
V G9 O
I2_ - and the information provided in the diagram.
V GS = – 1.75 V g +
G.S
a. Determine the voltages V G and V S .
IG = 0A – PT 0 VS
ID=IS
. b. Calculate the currents I 1 , I 2 , I D and I S .
R2 270k ^ —
- ES c. Determine V DS .
R.S. 1.5k ^ d. Calculate V DG .

FIGURE 7.76
Problem 13.

*14. For the network in figure 7.77:

a. Determine R T .
b. Calculate V a .
c. Find V 1 .
d. Calculate V 2 .
e. Determine I (with direction).
15. For the network in figure 7.78:
a. Determine the current I.
b. Find V.

FIGURE 7.78
Problem 15.

R1 R3 *16. Determine the current I and the voltages V a , V b and V ab for

Oh , Wy I I 1 k
^
Vb the network
of figure 7.79.
4k ^

E —24V R2 2k ^ R4 0.5k ^
R5
Goe
s
-W
1.5k ^

FIGURE 7.79
Problem 16.
 PROBLEMS I249
17. For the configuration of figure 7.80: a. Find the currents I 2 , I 6 and I 8 . b. Find the voltages V 4 and V 8 .

FIGURE 7.80
Problem 17.

18. Determine the voltage V and current I for the network of Figure 7.81.
*19. For the network in figure 7.82: +V1–
a. Determine R T by combining the resistive elements.
b. Find V 1 and V 4 .
c. Calculate I 3 (with direction).
d. Determine I s by finding the current through each element ment and then
applying Kirchhoff's current law. Then calculate R T from R T = E / I s , and
compare the answer with the solution in part (a).

FIGURE 7.81
Problem 18.

Problem 19.

20. For the network in figure 7.83:

a. Determine the voltage V ab . ( Tip: use precisely te Kirchhoff's voltage law.)
b. Calculate the current I.
250 I SERIES-PARALLEL NETWORKS

*21. For the network in figure 7.84:

a. Determine the current I.
b. Calculate the open circuit voltage V.
* 22. For the network of Fig. 7.85, find the resistance R 3 if the
current through it is 2 A.

FIGURE 7.84
Problem 21.

* 23. If all the resistors in the cube in Figure 7.86 are 10 ^ , what
will be the total resistance? ( Hint: Make some basic
assumptions about current division through the cube.)
* 24. Given the voltmeter reading V = 27 V shown in Figure 7.87:
a. Is the network operating properly?
b. If not, what could be causing the incorrect reading? rright?

FIGURE 7.86
Problem 23.
FIGURE 7.87
Problem 24.

SECTION 7.3 Ladder Networks

25. For the ladder network in Figure 7.88:
a. Find the current I.
b. Find the current I 7 .
c. Determine the voltages V 3 , V 5 , and V 7 .
d. Calculate the power delivered to R 7 , and compare it to the
power delivered by the 240 V source.

FIGURE 7.88
Problem 25.
 PROBLEMS I251

26. For the ladder network of Figure 7.89:

a. Determine R T .
b. Calculate I.
c. Find I 8 .

*27. Determine the power delivered to the 10 ^ load from Fig. ra 2^ 2^

7 ^ _AA_ To AA , To AA
7.90.
VVV VVV VVV

Q
AND 24V 4^ 24 ^
10 ^
12 ^ 12 ^
______AAA To AA
V.Y. VVY

*28. For the multiple ladder configuration of Figure 7.91: a. FIGURE 7.90
Determine I. Problem 27.
b. Calculate I 4 .
c. Find I 6 .
d. Find I 10 .

SECTION 7.4 Supply with voltage divider

(with and without load)
29. Given the voltage divider source of Figure 7.92:
a. Determine the supply voltage E.
b. Find the load resistors R L 2 and R L 3 .
c. Determine the voltage divider resistors R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 .

FIGURE 7.91
Problem 28.

FIGURE 7.92
Problem 29.
252 I SERIES-PARALLEL NETWORKS

*30. Determine the voltage divider source resistors for the

configuration of Figure 7.93. Also determine the power rating
in watts for each resistor, and com stop your levels.

SECTION 7.5 Potentiometer Load

*31. For the system of figure 7.94:
a. At first glance, does the design seem adequate?
b. In the absence of the 10 k ^ load, what will be the values
res of R 1 and R 2 to establish 3 V at R 2 ?
c. Determine the values of R 1 and R 2 when a load is applied,
and compare them with the results in part (b).

*32. For the potentiometer in figure 7.95:

a. What are the voltages V ab and V bc with no load applied?
b. What are the voltages V ab and V bc with the indicated loads
applied?
c. What is the power dissipated by the potentiometer under
the load conditions shown in Figure 7.95?
d. What is the power dissipated by the potentiometer without
car applied ga? Compare your answer with the results in
part (c).

SECTION 7.6 Design of an ammeter, voltmeter, and

ohmmeter
33. A d'Arsonval galvanometer is rated at 1 mA, 100 ^ .
a. What is the current sensitivity?
b. Design a 20 A ammeter using the galvanome previous tro.
Show the circuit and the values of the com speakers.
FIGURE 7.95
Problem 32.
 PROBLEMS I253

34. Using a 50 m A, 1000 ^ d'Arsonval galvanometer, design a multiinterval milliammeter having scales of 25 mA, 50 mA, and 100 mA.
Show the circuit and values res of the components.
35. A d'Arsonval galvanometer is rated 50 m A, 1000 ^ .
a. Design a 15 V dc voltmeter. Show the circuit and component values.
b. What is the ohm/volt ratio of the voltmeter?
36. Using a 1 mA, 100 ^ d'Arsonval galvanometer, design a multiinterval voltmeter that has scales of 5 V, 50 V, and 500 V. Show the
circuit and the values of the com speakers.
37. A digital multimeter has internal resistance of 10 M ^ in the range of 0.5 V. If a voltmeter had to be built test with a d'Arsonval
galvanometer, what current sensitivity would be needed if the meter were to have the same internal resistance on the same voltage
scale?
*38. to. Design a series ohmmeter using a 100 m A, 1000 ^ galvanometer; set to zero with a maximum value of 2 k ^ ; a 3V battery;
and a series resistor to determine undermine.
b. Find the strength required for full scale, 3/4 scale, 1/2 scale, and 1/4 scale deflections.
c. Use the results from part (b) and construct the scale to be used with the ohmmeter.
39. Describe the basic structure and operation of the mega-ohmmeter.
*40. Determine the ohmmeter reading for the configuration of Figure 7.96.

FIGURE 7.96
Problem 40.

SECTION 7.9 Computer analysis

PSpice or Electronics Workbench
41. Using a sketch, determine V 1 , V 3 , V ab , and I s for the network of Fig. 7.16.
42. Using a sketch, determine I s , I 5 , and V 7 for the network of Fig. 7.22.