DRILL PROBLEMS : CHAPTER 2

D2.1

(a) RAB = (5+6) ax + (8-4) ay + (-2-7) az = 11ax + 4ay - 9az

(b) RAB = 112 + 42 + 92 = 14.76 m

−20 × 10 −6 50 × 10 −6 (−11𝑎 𝑥 − 4𝑎 𝑦 + 9𝑎 𝑧 )
(c) FBA = 10 −9
𝑎𝑏𝑎 = −0.0413 = 30.78𝑎𝑥 + 11.195𝑎𝑦 − 25.18𝑎𝑧 mN
4𝜋 (14.76 2 ) 14.76
36 𝜋

−20 × 10 −6 50 × 10 −6 (−11𝑎 𝑥 − 4𝑎 𝑦 + 9𝑎 𝑧 )
(d) FBA = 4𝜋 ×8.854×10 −12 (14.76 2 ) 𝑎𝑏𝑎 = −0.04125 14.76
= 30.74𝑎𝑥 + 11.18𝑎𝑦 − 25.15𝑎𝑧 mN

D2.2

(a) 𝒓 − 𝒓𝑨 = −25𝑎𝑥 + 30𝑎𝑦 − 15𝑎𝑧 , |𝒓 − 𝒓𝑨 | = 41.43

𝒓 − 𝒓𝑩 = 10𝑎𝑥 − 8𝑎𝑦 − 12𝑎𝑧 , |𝒓 − 𝒓𝑩 | = 17.54
(−25𝑎 𝑥 +30𝑎 𝑦 −15𝑎 𝑧 )
𝑬𝑨 = −1.57 41.43
= 9480𝑎𝑥 − 11300𝑎𝑦 + 5600𝑎𝑧
(10𝑎 𝑥 −8𝑎 𝑦 −12𝑎 𝑧 )
𝑬𝑩 = 14.61 17.54
= 83300𝑎𝑥 − 66600𝑎𝑦 − 99900𝑎𝑧
𝑘𝑉
𝑬𝑻 = 𝑬𝑨 + 𝑬𝑩 = 92.48𝑎𝑥 − 77.9𝑎𝑦 − 94.3𝑎𝑧 𝑚

(b) 𝒓 − 𝒓𝑨 = −10𝑎𝑥 + 50𝑎𝑦 + 35𝑎𝑧 , |𝒓 − 𝒓𝑨 | = 61.84

𝒓 − 𝒓𝑩 = 25𝑎𝑥 + 12𝑎𝑦 + 38𝑎𝑧 , |𝒓 − 𝒓𝑩 | = 47.04
(−10𝑎 𝑥 +50𝑎 𝑦 +35𝑎 𝑧 )
𝑬𝑨 = −7050 61.84
= 1140𝑎𝑥 − 5700𝑎𝑦 − 3990𝑎𝑧
(25𝑎 𝑥 +12𝑎 𝑦 +38𝑎 𝑧 )
𝑬𝑩 = 20300 47.04
= 10700𝑎𝑥 + 5180𝑎𝑦 + 16400𝑎𝑧
𝑘𝑉
𝑬𝑻 = 𝑬𝑨 + 𝑬𝑩 = 11.84𝑎𝑥 − 0.52𝑎𝑦 + 12.41𝑎𝑧 𝑚

D2.3
EE08.SOLUTIONS

2 2
(a) Sum = 2 + 0 + 5 + 0 + 17 + 0 = 2.517

1.1 1.01 1.001 1.0001

(b) Sum = 11.18 + 22.62 + 46.87 + = 0.1755
89.44

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D2.4

−0.1 −0.1 −0.1 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 1

(a) 𝑄= 𝑣𝑜𝑙
𝜌𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = −0.2 −0.2 −0.2 𝑥 3 𝑦 3 𝑧 3
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧 + 0.1 0.1 0.1 𝑥 3 𝑦 3 𝑧 3
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧

1 1 1 1
= − 8 𝑥 2 −0.1 𝑦 2 −0.1 𝑧 2 −0.1 − − 8 𝑥 2 0.2 𝑦 2 0.2 𝑧 2 0.2 =8×(0.03) − 8×(0.03) = 0
−02 −02 −02 0.1 0.1 0.1

𝜋 𝜌4 0.1 4
𝜋 0.1 4 3 2 cos 0.6𝜑 𝑧3
(b) 0 0 2
𝜌 𝑧 sin 0.6𝜑 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜌𝑑𝜑 = (− ) ( ) ( ) = 1.018 𝑚𝐶
0.6 0 4 0 3 2

∞
∞ 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝑒 −2𝑟 2𝜋 2𝜋
(c) 0 0 0
𝑒 −2𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑑𝜑 𝑑𝜃𝑑𝑟 = (− 2
) (cos 𝜃) 0 (𝜑) 0 = −6.28 𝐶
0

D2.5

5×10 −9 𝑉
(a) E=2 × 𝒂 =
2𝜋𝜀 𝑜 (4) 𝒛
44.95 𝑚
5×10 −9 (3𝒂𝒚 +4𝒂𝒛 ) 𝑉 5×10 −9 𝑉
(b) Ex = 2𝜋𝜀 = 10.788𝒂𝒚 + 14.384𝒂𝒛 , Ey = 2𝜋𝜀 𝒂𝒛 = 22.4775 𝒂𝒛
𝑜 (5) 5 𝑚 𝑜 (4) 𝑚
𝑉
E = Ex + Ey = 10.788𝒂𝒚 + 36.86𝒂𝒛
𝑚

D2.6

3×10 −9
i) Electric field due to 3 nC/m2: E1 = 2𝜀 𝑜
𝒂𝑵 = 169.5 𝒂𝒛
6×10 −9
ii) Electric field due to 6 nC/m2: E2 = 2𝜀 𝑜
𝒂𝑵 = 338.8 𝒂𝒛
−8×10 −9
iii) Electric field due to -8 nC/m2: E3 = 2𝜀 𝑜
𝒂𝑵 = −451.76 𝒂𝒛

According to the direction of point relative to normal:

𝑉
(a) E = - E1 - E2 - E3 = −56.6 𝒂𝒛 𝑚

𝑉
(a) E = E1 - E2 - E3 = 283 𝒂𝒛
𝑚
EE08.SOLUTIONS

𝑉
(a) E = E1 + E2 - E3 = 961 𝒂𝒛 𝑚

𝑉
(a) E = E1 + E2 + E3 = 56.6 𝒂𝒛
𝑚

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D2.7

𝐸𝑦 𝑑𝑦 4𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(a) 𝐸𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑦2
× 8𝑥 = 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = − 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 → 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 𝑐

Put x = 1 and y = 2 to get 𝑐 = 33 giving: 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑𝟑

𝐸𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 (5𝑥+1) 𝑑𝑦 1 5𝑥+1−1
(b) 𝐸𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 → 5
× 5𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦𝑑𝑦 → 0.4𝑥 − 0.08 ln 5𝑥 + 1 + 𝑐 = 𝑦 2

Put x = 1 and y = 2 to get 𝑐 = 15.74 giving: 𝟎. 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖 𝐥𝐧 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏 + 𝟏𝟓. 𝟕𝟒 = 𝒚𝟐

EE08.SOLUTIONS

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DRILL PROBLEMS 3

D3.1
(a) Evaluate the triple volume integral to find the total volume enclosed by the portion
of sphere / surface and then just multiply it with the given charge to find the total
change within it:
𝜋 𝜋
0.26 2 2
1
𝑟 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑𝜃𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑟 × 𝑞 = × 𝑞 = 7.5𝜇𝐶
8
0 0 0
(b) This surface encloses the whole charge q, so answer is 60 µC
(c) Only the upper half of the flux lines pass through the plane at z = 26 cm, so
D = 0.5 x 60 = 30 µC

D3.2
𝑘𝑄 4𝑎 𝑥 −6𝑎 𝑦 +12𝑎 𝑧 𝑀𝑉
(a) 𝐸 = = 0.72𝑎𝑥 − 1.08𝑎𝑦 + 2.16𝑎𝑧
𝑟2 16+36+144 𝑚
𝜇𝐶
𝑠𝑜, 𝐷 = 𝜀𝑜 𝐸 = 6.38𝑎𝑥 − 9.56𝑎𝑦 + 19.125𝑎𝑧
𝑚2
20 −3𝑎 𝑦 +6𝑎 𝑧 𝑀𝑉
(b) 𝐸 = = −23.97𝑎𝑦 + 47.94𝑎𝑧
2𝜋𝜀 𝑜 .45 45 𝑚
𝜇𝐶
𝑠𝑜, 𝐷 = 𝜀𝑜 𝐸 = −212𝑎𝑦 + 424𝑎𝑧
𝑚2

120 60 𝜇𝑉 𝜇𝐶
(c) 𝐸 = 𝑎𝑧 = 𝑎𝑧 , 𝑠𝑜 𝐷 = 𝜀𝑜 𝐸 = 60𝑎𝑧
2𝜀 𝑜 𝜀𝑜 𝑚 𝑚2
EE08.SOLUTIONS

D3.3
𝐷
(a) 𝐸 = = 33.88𝑟 2 𝑎𝑟 , so at P: 𝐸 = 33.88(2)2 𝑎𝑟 =135.5𝑎𝑟
𝜀𝑜

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 (b) 𝑄 =
2𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋
𝐷. 𝑑𝑠 = 0 0
𝑎2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑𝜃𝑑𝜙𝑎𝑟 × 0.3𝑟 2 𝑎𝑟 = 24.3 0
−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃|𝜋0 𝑑𝜙 =
2𝜋
48.6 0
𝑑𝜙 = 305 . 208 𝑛𝐶
2𝜋
(c) On same steps: 𝑄 = 76.8 0 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃|𝜋0 𝑑𝜙 = 964.608 μC

D3.4 10
3
(a) 𝑄 = 𝑄1 + 𝑄2 = 0.243 𝜇𝐶 10

(b) 𝑄 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 × 𝜌𝐿 = 31.4 𝜇𝐶 𝑦 = 3𝑥

10

(c) Area = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 (𝑕𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒) × 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡𝑕 𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑧 = 10.53 × 10

So, 𝑄 = 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 × 𝜌𝐴 = 10.53 𝜇𝐶

D3.5 𝜌𝑠3

0.25
(a) 𝐷 = = 795.77 𝜇𝐶 𝜌𝑠2
4𝜋(0.005)2
(b) 𝑄2 = 4𝜋 0.01 2 × 𝜌𝑠2 = 2.51 𝜇𝐶,
0.25+2.51
𝑠𝑜, 𝐷 = = 977 𝜇𝐶
4𝜋(0.015)2
2
(c) 𝑄3 = 4𝜋 0.018 × 𝜌𝑠3 = −2.44 𝜇𝐶,
0.25+2.51−2.44
𝑠𝑜, 𝐷 = = 40.74 𝜇𝐶
4𝜋 (0.025)2
0.25+2.51−2.44+4𝜋 0.03 2 ×𝜌 𝑠
(d) 𝐷 = = 0 , so 𝜌𝑠4 = -28.29 𝜇𝐶
4𝜋(0.035)2
EE08.SOLUTIONS

D3.6
3 2 3 2
(a) 𝜓 = 𝐷. 𝑑𝑠 = 1 0
16𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 3 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 1 0
16𝑥 2 𝑦. 8𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 1365 𝑝𝐶

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 𝐷
(b) 𝐸 = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑃
𝜀𝑜
(c) 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 8 𝑎𝑡 𝑃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∆𝑉 = 10−12 𝑚3

D3.7
𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 div 𝐃 𝑖. 𝑒. 15, 16 & 17 𝑎𝑡
𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑃

D3.7
𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 div 𝐃 𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑙 ′ 𝑠1𝑠𝑡 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑒𝑡 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜌𝑣 , 𝑤𝑖𝑡𝑕 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

D3.8
R.H.S:
𝜑 𝜑 𝜑
∇. D = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛 − 0.75𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 11.25 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2 2
2 𝜋 5
𝜑
11.25 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜌𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜙𝑑𝜌 = 11.25 × 20 = 225
2
0 0 0

L.H.S:
𝜋 5 2 5

𝐷. 𝑑𝑠 = (𝑫)𝜌=2 𝜌𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜑𝑎𝜌 + (𝑫)𝜑=0 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜌𝑎𝜑

0 0 0 0
2 5
EE08.SOLUTIONS

+ (𝑫)𝜑=𝜋 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜌(−𝑎𝜑 )
0 0

Now,
𝜑
(𝑫)𝜌=2 = 12𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑎
2 𝜌
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 2 5

𝑫 𝜑=𝜋 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜌𝑎𝜑 = 0
0 0

𝜋 5 2 5
𝜑
𝑠𝑜, 𝐷. 𝑑𝑠 = 24 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜑 + (𝑫)𝜑=0 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝜌𝑎𝜑
2
0 0 0 0
𝜑 𝜋 𝜌2 2
= 24 −2𝑐𝑜𝑠 |0 × 𝑧 |50 − 1.5 | × 𝑧 |50
2 2 0

= −48 0 − 1 5 − 15
= 225

EE08.SOLUTIONS

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Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
Solved by Aqeel Anwar (aqeelanwar.co.cc) Digitized by Zaeem (ee08.net.tc)
D RILL P R O BL E MS5

D5.1
(a) At P:
2
ӿ = 10 3 2 Ƞ꜃ 4 3 ː ⁛⁞ 2 30 Ƞ꜍ = 180Ƞ꜃ 9Ƞ꜍

(b) Using formula (2) :

2꜂ 2.8 2꜂ 2.8
Ϻ2 2.8
Ӿ= 3
10꜃ ϺȠ꜃ . ˶ Ϻ˶ ꜋ Ƞ꜃ = 27 10Ϻ˶ Ϻ˶ ꜋ = 27 | 2 ꜋ | 2꜂
0
2
0 2 0 2
= 325.72 ⁙ Ѷ 56 3.25 Ѷ

D5.2
(a) Using formula (2):

2꜂ 20꜠ 2꜂ 20꜠

Ӿ= 10 6 Ϻ1.5 ȠϺ. ꜃ ˶ ꜃ ˶ ꜋ ȠϺ = 10 6 0.1 1.5

꜃˶ ꜃˶ ꜋
0 0 0 0
2
꜃ 20꜠
= 10 6 0.1 1.5
|0 ꜋ | 2꜂
0 = 39.7꜠Ѷ
2

(b) Using formula (3):

E E08.S OLUTIO NS

ӿϺ 10 6 0.1 1.5 ⁙ↄ
꜃϶ = = = 15.81
϶Ϻ 2 10 6 ⁙3
(c) S ame formula:
ӿϺ 10 6 0.15 1.5
⁙
϶Ϻ = = = 29.04
꜃϶ 2000 ⁞

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D5.5
(a) Putting point P in given V, while evaluating trigonome
tric functions using radians:
ɂ = 48.848 ɂ
(b) Using formula:
" = ˷ ⁝ Ƞ˶ ɂ = 100 cosh 5ϸ . 5 sin 5Ϲ Ƞϸ 100 sinh 5ϸ 5 cos 5Ϲ ȠϹ
ɂ
At P: E = 474.43Ƞϸ 140.77ȠϹ
⁙
ɂ
(c) •E• = • 474.43 2 + 140.77 2 = 494.87 ⁙
⁚ↄ ⁚ↄ
(d) ‣ s = Ԑȼ = ̠ 12̠ , so as12= ₧⁛ E= 4.2Ƞϸ 1.246ȠϹ ⁙ 2 , so ‣ s = ̠ 12̠ = 4.38 ⁙ 2

D5.6
⁚ↄ
(a) F or original line charge, with ꜃ Ⱥ = 40 ⁙

ɂ = ԑ . ˶ ⁘,
꜃Ⱥ
Ƞ⁞ ԑ = Ƞ,
2꜂ ₧⁛ ꜃ ꜃
( 7, 1,5)
꜃Ⱥ Ƞ꜃
⁞⁛ɂ = ˶⁘
2꜂ ₧⁛ ꜃
4
Ƞ꜃ ϸ 6 Ƞϸ + (Ϲ 3)ȠϹ
=
꜃ (ϸ 6) 2 + (Ϲ 3) 2
Ƞ⁞ , ˶ ⁘= ˶ ϸ Ƞ⁚ ˶ Ϲ = 1, ⁞ ⁛:
7
ϸ 6 7
ɂ = 720 ˶ϸ = 360 ⁘⁚ ̠ (ϸ 6) 2 + 16̠ 4 = 58.50 ɂ
(ϸ 6) 2 + 16
4
E E08.S OLUTIO NS

⁚ↄ
F or mirror line charge, with ꜃ Ⱥ = 40 ⁙

ɂ = ԑ . ˶ ⁘,
꜃Ⱥ
Ƞ⁞ ԑ = Ƞ,
2꜂ ₧⁛ ꜃ ꜃
( 7, 1,5)
꜃Ⱥ Ƞ꜃
⁞⁛ɂ = ˶⁘
2꜂ ₧⁛ ꜃
4

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 1

CHAPTER 7 DRILLS

Solved by Zaeem A. Varaich

www.ee08.net.tc

D7.1
4(2)(3)
(a) V |P (1,2,3) = (1)2 +1 = 12 V

As, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V, so we first calculate Ò2 V :

4z 4y
ÒV = ≠8 (x2yzx
+1)2
+ x2 +1 + x2 +1
2
∆ Ò2 V = 32 (xyzx
2 +1)3 ≠ 8 (x2 +1)2
yz

∆ Ò2 V |P (1,2,3) = 12;
so, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V = ≠‘o (12) = ≠106.25 m
pC
3

(b) V |P (3, fi3 ,2) = ≠22.5 V

As, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V, so we first calculate Ò2 V :

Ò2 V = 20 cos (2 „) ≠ 20 cos (2 „)
∆ Ò2 V |P (3, fi3 ,2) = 0;

so, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V = ≠‘o (0) = 0 m

pC
3

(c) V |P (0.5,45o ,60o ) = 4 V

As, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V, so we first calculate Ò2 V :

Ò2 V = 4 cos(„)
r4
cos(„)
≠ 2 r4 (sin(◊)) 2

∆ Ò2 V |P (0.5,45o ,60o ) = 0;
so, flv = ≠‘Ò2 V = ≠‘o (0) = 0 m
pC
3

D7.2
Apply the formulae & concepts to find the answers!
2

D7.3

1 2
1 ˆ
(a) The solution to Laplace’s equation fl ˆfl
ˆ
fl ˆfl = 0 is:

V = A ln fl + B

Putting the given values of V & fl and solving the simultaneous equations, we get:
A = ≠73.9 & B = 101.28

so, V = ≠73.9 ln fl + 101.28

Now, E = ≠ÒV = fl1 (73.9) afl = Ô1 (73.9) afl

10
= 23.36 a„
Ô
(* fl = 32 + 12 )

so, |E| = 23.36 m

V

1 ˆ2V
(b) The solution to Laplace’s equation fl2 ˆ„2 = 0 is:

V = A„ + B

Putting the given values of V & „ and solving the simultaneous equations, we get:
A = ≠85.9 & B = 64.9

so, V = ≠85.9„ + 64.9

Now, E = ≠ÒV = fl1 (85.9) a„ = Ô1 (85.9) a„

10
= 27.16 a„
Ô
(* fl = 32 + 12 )
so, |E| = 27.16 m
V

D7.4 & D7.5

Not included in the course!
 3

D7.6

The solution to this problem depends on how you proceed in each iteration and on your initial estimate.
The dotted lines show how the initial estimate was found.

(a) 20.8 V

(b) 44.47 V

(c) 89.8 V
4

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 1

CHAPTER 8 DRILLS
(Upto D8.3)

Solved by Zaeem A. Varaich

www.ee08.net.tc

D8.1
(a) Using - form of equation (2), i.e.

H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12
4fiR122

(4≠0)ax +(2≠0)ay +(0≠2)az

Here, aR12 = Ô
42 +22 +22
= 0.816ax + 0.408ay ≠ 0.408az
2
R12 = 42 + 22 + 22 = 24
2fiaz ◊(0.816ax +0.408ay ≠0.408az ) 5.12ay ≠2.56ax
so, H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12
4fiR122 = 301.59 µ = 301.59 µ = ≠8.5ax + 17.0ay nA
m

(b) As, H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12

4fiR122

(4≠0)ax +(2≠2)ay +(3≠0)az

Here, aR12 = Ô
42 +02 +32
= 0.8ax + 0.6az
2
R12 = 42 + 02 + 32 = 25
2fiaz ◊(0.8ax +0.6az ) 5.02ay
so, H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12
4fiR122 = 100fi µ = 100fi µ = 16ay nA
m

(c) As, H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12

4fiR122

(≠3≠1)ax +(≠1≠2)ay +(2≠3)az

Here, aR12 = Ô
42 +32 +12
= ≠0.78ax ≠ 0.58az ≠ 0.19az
2 2 2 2
R12 = 4 + 3 + 1 = 26
2fi(≠ax +ay +2az )◊(≠0.78ax ≠0.58az ≠0.19az ) (1.96 ax ≠3.53 ay +2.74 az )fi
so, H2 = I1 L1 ◊aR12
4fiR122 = 104fi µ = 104fi µ

∆ H2 = 18.85 ax ≠ 33.94 ay + 26.40 az nA

m
2

D8.2
Using,
I
H2 = 2 fifl a„
Ô Ô
(a) For PA ( 20, 0, 4), we have fl = 20 + 0 = 4.47, so:
15
H2 = 2 fi(4 .47 ) a„
= 0 .533 a„ = (0 .533 ◊ ≠ sin „)ax + (0 .533 ◊ cos „)ay , where
! " 1 2
„ = tan≠1 xy = tan≠1 Ô020 = 0o , so

H2 = 0.533ay A
m

Ô
(b) For PB (2, ≠4, 4), we have fl = 22 + 42 = 4.47, so:
15
H2 = 2 fi(4 .47 ) a„
= 0 .533 a„ = (0 .533 ◊ ≠ sin „)ax + (0 .533 ◊ cos „)ay , where
! " ! "
„ = tan ≠1 y
x = tan≠1 ≠42 = ≠63.43o , so
H2 = (0 .533 ◊0.89)ax + (0 .533 ◊0.44)ay = 0.474ax + 0.238ay

D8.3

(a)

For infinitely long filament;

H = 2fiflI
a„
Here, Ô
2
fl = (0.1)2 + (0.1)2 = 10

(2.5)
H= 2fifl a„
I
= Ô
2
a„ = 2.8134a„ = (2 .8134 ◊ ≠ sin „)ax + (2 .8134 ◊ cos „)ay
2fi( 10 )

! 0.1 "
Now, „ = 270o ≠ ◊ = 270o ≠ tan≠1 0.1 = 270o ≠ 45o = 225o ,

so, H = (2 .8134 ◊0.707)ax + (2 .8134 ◊ ≠ 0.707)ay = 1.989ax ≠ 1.989ay A

m
 3

(b)

For fl < a,
(2.5)(0.2)
H= 2fia2 a„
Ifl
= 2fi(0.3)2 a„ = 0.884a„ = (0 .884 ◊ ≠ sin „)ax + (0 .884 ◊ cos „)ay
! " ! 0.2 "
Now, „ = tan ≠1 y
x = tan≠1 0 = 90o ,

so, H = ≠0.884ax A
m

(c)

Now,
H1 = 12 K1 ◊ aN = 12 (2.7)ax ◊ ay = 1.35az
H2 = 12 K2 ◊ aN = 12 (≠1.4)ax ◊ ay = ≠0.7az
H3 = 12 K3 ◊ aN = 12 (≠1.3)ax ◊ ≠ay = 0.65az
so, H = H1 + H2 + H3 = 1.300az A
m
4

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CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

CHAPTER 8 DRILLS
(D8.4 onwards)

Solved by Zaeem A. Varaich

www.ee08.net.tc

D8.4

(a) For path 1:

´4
(3zax ≠ 2x3 az ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 2 (3zdx) = 3(4)(4 ≠ 2) = 24 A
´

For
´ path 2: 3 ´1
(3zax ≠ 2x az ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 4 (≠2x3 dz) = ≠2(43 )(1 ≠ 4) = 384 A
For
´ path 3: 3 ´2
(3zax ≠ 2x az ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 4 (3zdx) = 3(1)(2 ≠ 4) = ≠6 A
For
´ path 4: 3 ´4
(3zax ≠ 2x az ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 1 (≠2x3 dz) = ≠2(23 )(4 ≠ 1) = ≠48 A
So, H.dL = 24 + 384 ≠ 6 ≠ 48 = 354 A
¸

(b) —SN = 3 ◊ 2 = 6 m2 , so
H.dL 354
(Ò ◊ H)y = = = 59 mA2
¸

—SN 6

- - - -
- ax ay az -- -- ax ay az -
- ˆ -
(c) (Ò ◊ H) = -- ˆx - = (0 ≠ 0)ax ≠(≠6x2 ≠ 3)ay +(0 ≠ 0)az = (6x2 + 3)ay
ˆz - = - ˆx
ˆ ˆ - - ˆ ˆ ˆ
ˆy ˆy ˆz -
- 3z 3 -
- Hx Hy Hz - 0 ≠2x
At the center, x = 3, z = 2.5, so
(Ò ◊ H)y = [6(3)2 + 3]=57 mA2

1 ee08.net.tc
CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

D8.5
- - - -
- ax ay az -- -- ax ay az -
- ˆ -
(a) J = Ò ◊ H = -- ˆx - = (≠2yx ≠ x2 )ax ≠(≠y 2 ≠ 0)ay +(2xz ≠ 0)az
ˆz - = - ˆx
ˆ ˆ - - ˆ ˆ ˆ
ˆy ˆy ˆz -
- Hx - - 0 2 2
Hy Hz x z ≠y x -
A
At P: J = ≠16ax +9ay +16az m
1 2 1 2 1 2
ˆ(flH )
(b) J = Ò ◊ H = fl1 ˆH afl + ˆzfl ≠ ˆH a„ + fl1 ˆfl „ ≠ 1 ˆHfl
az
ˆH„ ˆH
ˆ„ ≠ ˆz
z z
ˆfl fl ˆ„
1 2 1 2
= fl1 .0 ≠ 0 afl + (0 ≠ 0) a„ + fl1 .(2 cos 0.2„) ≠ fl1 fl2 (≠0.2) sin 0.2„ az
A
At P: J =0.055az m2

(c) Using equation (26): ! "

1 1 1 1
= r sin ◊ (0 ≠ 0) ar + r (0 ≠ 0) a◊ + ≠ 0 a„ = r sin ◊ a„
ˆ r
r ˆr sin◊
A
At P: J =a„ m2

D8.6

(a) H.dL :
¸

For path 1:
´5 2 2
(6xyax ≠ 3y 2 ay ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 2 (6xydx) = 6(≠1) (5 ≠2 )
= ≠63 A
´
2

For path 2:
´1 3 3
(6xyax ≠ 3y 2 ay ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = ≠1 (≠3y 2 dy) = ≠3 (1 +1 )
= ≠2 A
´
3

For path 3:
´2 2 2
(6xyax ≠ 3y 2 ay ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 5 (6xydx) = 6(1) (2 ≠5 )
= ≠63 A
´
2

For path 4:
3 3
(6xyax ≠ 3y 2 ay ).(dxax + dyay +dzaz ) = 1 (≠3y 2 dy) = ≠3 (≠1 3≠1 ) = 2 A
´ ´ ≠1

So, H.dL = ≠63 ≠ 2 ≠ 63 + 2 = ≠126 A

¸

(b) Now, (Ò ◊ H).dS :

´
S
- - - -
- ax ay az - - ax ay az --
- ˆ - - ˆ
(Ò ◊ H) = -- ˆx ˆ
ˆy
ˆ
ˆz
-=-
- - ˆx
ˆ
ˆy ˆz - = (0 ≠ 0)ax ≠ (0 ≠ 0)ay + (0 ≠ 6x)az = ≠6xaz
ˆ -
- Hx Hy Hz - - 6xy ≠3y 2 0 -
(Ò ◊ H).dS =(≠6xaz )(dydzax + dxdza
3 y -+4dxdya z ) = ≠6x dxdy,
5 1 2
x2 - 1
(Ò ◊ H).dS = ≠6 x dxdy = ≠6 2 - y|≠1 = ≠6 (25≠4) (1 + 1) = ≠126 A
´ ´´
2
2

D8.7
(20)(0.5m)
(a) H„ = Ifl
2fia2 = 2fi(1m)2 = 1592 m
A

(b) B„ = µo H„ = 4fi ◊ 10≠7 (20)(0.8m)

2fi(1m)2 = 3.2 mT

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CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

-a
fl2 -
(c) „ = B.dS = = , so
´ ´d´a Ifl IµO
S 0 0 2fia2
dfldz 2fia2 d 2 -
0
„
d = 4fi ◊ 10≠7 (20)
4fi = 2 µ m
Wb

´ d ´ 0.5m -0.5m
fl2 -
(d) „ = B.dS = Ifl
= Iµo
, so
´
S 0 0 2fia2 dfldz 2fi(1m)2 d 2 -
0
2
„ = 4fi ◊ 10≠7 (20)d(0.5m)
4fi(1m)2 = 0.5d µ W
m
b

-Œ
fl2 -
(e) „ = B.dS = = , so
´ ´d´Œ Ifl Iµo d
S 0 0 2fia2 dfldz 2fi(1m)2 2 -
0
2
„ = 4fi ◊ 10≠7 (20)d(Œ)
4fi(1m)2 = Πm
Wb

D8.8
(a) H = 2fifl
I
a„ , so first we find I:
´ 2fi
I = KdN = 0 (2.4)(fld„) = 18.09 A
´

18.09 2.88
H= 2fifl a„ = fl a„

(b) H = ≠ÒVm , so
2.88
ÒVm = ≠ (1.5) a„ = ≠1.92a„
1 ˆVm
´ 0.6fi
fl ˆ„ = ≠1.92∆ Vm = ≠2.88 0
d„ = ≠5.43V

(c) Proceeding similar as above:

´ 0.6fi
∆ Vm = ≠2.88 2fi d„ = ≠2.88(0.6 ≠ 2)fi = 12.66V

(d) Similarly,
´ 0.6fi
∆ Vm = ≠2.88 fi d„ = ≠2.88(0.6 ≠ 1)fi = 3.62V

(e) Similarly,
Ë È
∆ Vm = ≠2.88 ≠0.6fi d„ + 5 = ≠14.47 + 5 = ≠9.47V
´fi

D8.9
We know that,
B = µo H

For solid conductor along z-axis:

H= 2fia2 a„ ,
Ifl
so
Ifl
B = µo 2fia 2 a„

Also,
B=Ò◊A

Comparing both sides’ a„ components:

Ifl Ifl
2 = ≠ ˆfl ∆ Az = ≠ 2 dfl + C
ˆAz
´
µo 2fia µo 2fia

From given conditions, at fl = a for Az :

3 ee08.net.tc
CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

-a
Ifl Iln 5 Ifl2 - Iln 5
C= 2 dfl + µo 2fia2 = µo 4fia2 - + µo 2fia2 = 4.218 ◊ 10
≠7
´
µo 2fia
0

Now,
Ë È
Ifl2 2
Az = ≠µo 4fia 2 + (4.39 ◊ 10
≠7
) = ≠10≠7 fla2 + (4.218 ◊ 10≠7 ) I

(a) At fl = 0
A = 0.4218I az µ Wb
m

(b) At fl = 0.25a
A = 0.415I az µ Wb
m

(c) At fl = 0.75a
A = 0.365I az µ Wb
m

(d) At fl = a
A = 0.3217I az µ Wb
m

D8.10

Using Eq. (66) with b = 4cm:

Az = µo I
2fi ln flb

For red conductor:

Azr = 2.4 ln 4cm Wb
fl1 µ m

For black conductor:

Azb = ≠2.4 ln 4cm Wb
fl2 µ m

Also,
A = Azr + Azb

(a) fl1 = 4cm = fl2 , so Azr = ≠Azb

A = 0W
m
b

(b) fl1 = 4cm and fl2 = 12cm , so Azb = 2.63µ W

m and Azr = 0µ m
b Wb

4 ee08.net.tc
CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

A = 2.63µ W
m
b

Ô
(c) fl1 = 4cm and fl2 = 82 + 42 = 8.94cm , so Azr = 0µ W
m and Azb = 1.93µ m
b Wb

A = 1.93µ W
m
b

Ô
(d) fl1 = 2cm and fl2 = 82 + 22 = 8.24cm , so Azr = 1.66µ W
m and Azb = 1.734µ m
b Wb

A = 3.39µ W
m
b

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CHAPTER 8 DRILLS

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 CHAPTER 9 DRILLS

Solved by Zaeem A. Varaich

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D9.1

(a) F = qv ◊ B = qvav ◊ B = 9 ◊ 10≠5 (3.3ax ≠ 4.5ay + 4.65az )

so, F = 654µN

(b) F = qE = 18n ◊ 103 (≠3ax + 4ay + 6az ) = 140.58µN

(c)F = q(E + v ◊ B)

= (2.97 ◊ 10≠4 ax ≠ 4.05 ◊ 10≠4 ay + 4.185 ◊ 10≠4 az ) + (≠5.4 ◊ 10≠5 ax + 7.2 ◊ 10≠5 ay + 1.08 ◊ 10≠4 az )

= 2.43 ◊ 10≠4 ax ≠ 3.3 ◊ 10≠4 ay + 5.265 ◊ 10≠4 az

so, F = 664µN

D9.2

(a) aAB = ax , so
¸2 ´2
F = ≠I B◊dL = ≠(12) 1 (≠2ax +3ay +4az )◊ax dx.10≠3 = ≠12◊10≠3 1 ≠3az +4ay dx = ≠48ay + 36az mN
¸

(b) aAB = 2ax +4a

Ôx +5ax , so
3 5

F = ≠I B ◊ dL
¸

Ë´ È
3 ´5 ´6
= ≠(12◊10≠3 ) 1 (≠2ax + 3ay + 4az ) ◊ ax dx + 1 (≠2ax + 3ay + 4az ) ◊ ay dy + 1 (≠2ax + 3ay + 4az ) ◊ az dz
Ë´ È
3 ´5 ´6
= ≠(12 ◊ 10≠3 ) 1
(≠3az + 4ay )dx + 1
(≠2az ≠ 4ax )dy + 1
(2ay + 3ax )dz

= ≠(12 ◊ 10≠3 ) [2(≠3az + 4ay ) + 4(≠2az ≠ 4ax ) + 5(2ay + 3ax )]

= 12ax ≠ 216ay + 168az mN

1 ee08.net.tc
D9.3
(a) V = E ◊ l = 800 ◊ 1.3c = 10.4 V

(b) vd = µe E = 0.13 ◊ 800 = 104 m

s

(c) Ft = qvB = (1)(104)(0.07) = 7.28 N

C

(d) Et = F
q = 7.28 m
V

(e) VH = Et ◊ b = 7.28 ◊ 1.1c = 80.1 mV

D9.4
1 2
3◊10 ◊3◊10 ax +2ay +2az
(a) d(dF2 ) = µo 4fiR 2 dL2 ◊ (dL1 ◊ aR12 ) = µo 4fi(12 +22 +22 ) (≠0.5ax + 0.4ay + 0.3az ) ◊ (ay ◊ )
≠6 ≠6
I1 I2
12
3

= 3.33 ◊ 10≠20 (≠0.5ax + 0.4ay + 0.3az ) ◊ (≠az + 2ax ) = 3.33 ◊ 10≠20 (≠0.4ax + 0.1ay ≠ 0.8az )
= (≠1.33ax + 0.33ay ≠ 2.66az ) ◊ 10≠20 N
1 2
3◊10 ◊3◊10
(b) d(dF1 ) = µo 4fiR 2 dL1 ◊ (dL2 ◊ aR21 ) = µo 4fi(12 +22 +22 ) (ay ) ◊ (≠0.5ax + 0.4ay + 0.3az ◊ )
≠6 ≠6 ≠ax ≠2ay ≠2az
I1 I2
12
3

= 3.33 ◊ 10≠20 (ay ) ◊ (≠0.2ax ≠ 1.3ay + 1.4az ) = 3.33 ◊ 10≠20 (0.2az + 1.4ax )
= (4.67ax + 0.66az ) ◊ 10≠20 N

D9.5
(a) FA = IL ◊ B = (0.2)(≠4ax ≠ 2ay + 2az ) ◊ (0.2ax ≠ 0.1ay + 0.3az ) = ≠0.08ax ≠ 0.32ay + 0.16az N

(b) FA = ≠0.08ax + 0.32ay + 0.16az N

FB = ≠0.12ax ≠ 0.24ay + 0az N
FC = 0.2ax ≠ 0.08ay ≠ 0.16az N
F = FA + FB + FC = 0 N

(c) FA = ≠0.08ax + 0.32ay + 0.16az N

RA = ay + az
TA = RA ◊ FA = ≠0.16ax ≠ 0.08ay + 0.08az N.m

(d) It was proved in part (b) that the sum of forces is zero, so:
TC = TA = ≠0.16ax ≠ 0.08ay + 0.08az N.m

D9.6
(a) M = B≠µo H
µo = µH≠µo H
µo = 1598.87 A/m

(b) M =(No. of atoms / volume)◊(Dipole Moment of each atom)= 8.3 ◊ 1028 ◊ 4.5 ◊ 10≠27 = 373.5 A/m

300µ
(c) M = ‰m H = ‰m B
µ = 15 ◊ (1+‰m )µo = 223.8 A/m

2 ee08.net.tc
D9.7
(1+‰m )µo
(a) M = ‰m H = ‰m B
µ ∆B=M◊ ‰m = 2.12 ◊ 10≠4 z 2 ax T
B
JT = Ò ◊ µo = Ò ◊ 168.75z 2 ax = 2 ◊ 168.75zay
so, JT |z=0.04 = 13.5 A/m2

M
(b) J = Ò ◊ ‰m = Ò ◊ 18.75z 2 ax = 2 ◊ 18.75zay
so, J |z=0.04 = 1.5 A/m2

(c) Jb = Ò ◊ M = Ò ◊ 150z 2 ax = 2 ◊ 150zay

so, Jb |z=0.04 = 12 A/m2

D9.8
(a) |HtA | = |≠400ay + 500az | = 640.3 A/m

(b) |HN A | = |300ax | = 300 A/m

(c) Ht1 ≠ Ht2 = aN12 ◊ K∆ Ht2 = Ht1 ≠ (aN12 ◊ K) = (≠400ay + 500az ) ≠ (200ay + 150az )
∆ Ht1 = 694.62 A/m

5
(d) HN 2 = µ1
µ2 HN 1 = 20 ◊ 300 = 75 A/m

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 CHAPTER 10 DRILLS

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D10.1

Given:
‘ = 10≠11 m
F

µ = 10 m
≠5 H

B = 2 ◊ 10≠4 cos105 t sin10≠3 y ax T

(a) B = µH, so
B
Ò◊ µ = ‘ ˆE
ˆt and

Ò◊B= ˆBx
ˆz ay ≠ ˆBx
ˆy az =0≠ ˆBx
ˆy az = 2 ◊ 10≠7 cos105 t cos10≠3 y
1
∆E= Ò ◊ Bdt = ≠2 ◊ 104 sin105 t cos10≠3 y ax V
´
µ‘ m

´ 40 ´ 2 1 2 ! ≠cos(10≠3 y)|40 "

2
(b) „ = B.dS = B dydz = Bx dydz = 2 ◊ 10≠7 cos(105 ◊ 10≠6 ) z|0 0
= 0.318 mW b
´ ´
s s x 0 0 10≠3

(Remember to use radian mode in calculator while solving this problem)

´2
(c) E.dL = ◊ 109 sin105 t cos10≠3 y)dz ≠ 20 (≠2 ◊ 109 sin105 t cos10≠3 y)dz
0 (≠2
¸ ´
1 2# $
2
= ≠2 ◊ 104 sin(105 10≠6 ) z|0 cos(10≠3 ◊ 0) ≠ cos(10≠3 ◊ 40) = ≠3.19V

(Remember to use radian mode in calculator while solving this problem)

D10.2

Given:
d = 7 cm
B = 0.3 az T
v = 0.1 ´ay e20y m
s´
so, y = vdt = 0.1 e20y dt = 0.1 e20y t + C
As, y = 0 at t = 0
y = 0.1 e20y t ay m

(a) v(t = 0) = 0.1 e20(0) m

s = 0.1 m
s

(b) y(t = 0.1) = 0.1 e20y (0.1) m

s ∆ y
e20y = 0.01 m
s

(Solve it using TABLE mode in calculator!)

1 ee08.net.tc
so, y(t = 0.1) ¥ 0.012 m

Alternatively, using MAPLE:

y = ≠0.05000000000 LambertW (≠2.0 t)
y = 0.01295855509 m = 1.29 cm

(c) v(t = 0.1) = 0.1 e20(0.0129) m

s = 0.129 m
s

(d) V12 = ≠Bvd = ≠0.3 ◊ 0.129 ◊ 0.07 = ≠2.718 mV

D10.3
(a) When J = 0:
Ò ◊ H = Jd
# 8
$ # 8
$
Ò ◊ H = ≠ ˆH
ˆy = ≠0.15 cos 3.12 ◊ 3 ◊ 10 t ≠ 3.12y ◊ ≠3.12 = 0.468 cos 3.12 ◊ 3 ◊ 10 t ≠ 3.12y
x

|Jd | = |Ò ◊ H| = 0.468 mA2

(b) When J = 0:
Jd = Ò ◊ H = Ò ◊ B
µ
# $
Ò◊B = = ≠0.8 sin 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 ◊ 3 ◊ 108 t ≠ 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 x ◊ ≠1.257 ◊ 10≠6
ˆHy
ˆx
# $
= 1.0056 ◊ 10≠6 sin 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 ◊ 3 ◊ 108 t ≠ 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 x
- -
- -
|Jd | = -Ò ◊ B
µ - = 0.80023 m2
A

(c) D = ‘r ‘o E
Jd = ˆD
ˆt = ‘r ‘o ˆE
ˆt
# Ô $
= ≠‘r ‘o 0.9 sin 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 ◊ 3 ◊ 108 t ≠ 1.257 ◊ 10≠6 z 5 ◊ ≠1.257 ◊ 10≠6 ◊ 3 ◊ 108 M = 0.015025 mA2

(d) E = ‡J and D = ‘o E, so
- - 377M pA
|Jd | = - ˆD
ˆt = ‘o ‡
- = 57.55 m2

D10.4
(a) Ò.B = 0 ∆ Ò.µH = 0 ∆ Ò.H = 0
∆ Ò.(kxax + 10yay ≠ 25zaz ) = 0
∆ k + 10 ≠ 25 = 0
∆ k = 15A/m2

(b) As flv = 0, so J = flv v = 0:
1
Ò◊H = ˆD
ˆt ∆ ax = (≠4k ◊ 10≠9 )ax ∆ k = ≠4◊10≠9 = ≠2.5 ◊ 108 V /(m.s)

2 ee08.net.tc
D10.5
Let u = 0.64ax + 0.6ay ≠ 0.48az

(a) BN 1 = B1 .u = 2T
(b) Bt1 = |B1 ◊ u| = 3.16T
(c) BN 2 = BN 1 = 2T
(d) B2 = BN 2 + Bt1 = 5.16T

D10.6
(a) fls = DN 1 = |‘o ‘r E|t=6ns,z=0.3 = 20‘o ‘r cos(2 ◊ 108 t ≠ 2.58z) = 0.806 nC/m2
1
(b) Ò ◊ E = ≠ ˆB
ˆt = ≠ ˆt ∆ H = ≠ µ
ˆµH
´
Ò ◊ E dt
8
-
-
= 13.68 ◊ 106 ◊ ≠ cos(2◊10
2◊108
t≠2.58z)
ax - = ≠62.3ax mA/m
t=6ns, z=0.3

(c) Ht1 = K ◊ aN ∆ ≠62.3ax = K ◊ ay , so K = ≠62.3az mA/m

(Cyclic rule of cross product)

D10.7
(a) [flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )),
R
where t = 15ns, R = 450 ≠ 1.5, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )) =
R
4µ
8
[flv2 ] = ≠4cos(10 fi(t ≠Rv )), where t = 15ns, R = 450 + 1.5, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv2 ] = ≠4(≠1) = 4µ
[flv ] = [flv1 ] + [flv2 ] = 8µ

Now, considering a unit volume:

[flv ]
V = 4fi‘oR
= 159.77V
Ô
(b) [flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )),
R
where t = 15ns, R = 4502 + 1.52 = 450.0025, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )) =
R
≠0.01047µ
8
Ô
[flv2 ] = ≠4cos(10 fi(t ≠Rv )), where t = 15ns, R = 4502 + 1.52 = 450.0025, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv2 ] = ≠4(≠1) = 0.01047µ
[flv ] = [flv1 ] + [flv2 ] = 0µ

Now, considering a unit volume:

[flv ]
V = 4fi‘o R = 0V
Ô
(c) [flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )),
R
where t = 15ns, R = 316.72 + 318.22 = 449, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv1 ] = 4cos(108 fi(t ≠ v )) =
R
3.46µ
Ô
[flv2 ] = ≠4cos(108 fi(t ≠Rv )), where t = 15ns, R = 319.72 + 318.22 = 451.06, v = 3 ◊ 108 m/s
[flv2 ] = ≠4(≠1) = 3.58µ
[flv ] = [flv1 ] + [flv2 ] = 7.04µ

Now, considering a unit volume:

[flv ]
V = 4fi‘oR
= 140.65V

3 ee08.net.tc
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