International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

A Review Paper on Modeling and Simulation of Wind and PV Hybrid

System with Bidirectional Converter Standalone System
Shilpa R Dahegaonkar1, Mr. Umesh Bonde2
1Dept. of Electrical Engineering SSCET, Gondwana University, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India
2Faculty of Dept. of Electrical Engineering SSCET Gondwana University, Gadchiroli Maharashtra, India
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Abstract: Renewable energy has become a popular their behavior. The simulation results prove the feasibility
alternative to electrical energy, where traditional methods and reliability of the system. In this paper, an isolated
of generating electricity are unwise. In the past few years, hybrid PV-wind model including PV, wind turbine and AC
solar power generation and wind power technology have load is constructed.
been greatly expanded. This papers provides the review of
the modeling and simulation of the stand-alone hybrid Literature Survey:
power generation system driven by two renewable energy
sources (namely wind and solar) under different conditions “Review Paper on Hybrid Solar-Wind Power
using MATLAB. The proposed system includes the hybrid Generator” Vaibhav J. Babrekar (2017)
energy system that combines solar panels and wind
Today’s energy is the need of the 21st century. Therefore,
generators instead of traditional power supplies such as
because renewable energy is easily available and cost
thermal power and hydro power. The two systems are
free, it is used in large quantities. But these independent
combined to run in parallel, the common bus collects the
forms of energy have disadvantages such as
total energy from the wind, and the photovoltaic system uses
unpredictability and always available. This can be
it for the load and changes with the load.
overcome by hybrid energy systems. They basically
Keyword: Battery, Controller, Hybrid, Photovoltaic, consist of combination of renewable energy resources.
Renewable, Wind They can provide effective response to voltage and
frequency fluctuations, harmonic measurement and
Introduction power problems in independent systems. Hybrid power
systems provides through proper design, advanced rapid
The increase in the use of renewable energy resources response, good optimization and control feasibility, can
have greatly helped to reduce the dependence on fossil- reduce complexity, maintain the lowest unit cost, and
based energy. In order to maximize the use of renewable energy fluctuation due to DPSP (deficiency of power
energy, the combined system of wind energy and solar supply probability).
photovoltaic (PV) generators is introduced into a unified
distributed power generation unit. Integrating these two “Simulation and Control of Solar Wind Hybrid
systems in a geographical area can provide additional Renewable Power System” Ahmed Saidi (2017)
benefits such as optimal use of land and capital resources,
mechanical damping from local wind turbines to low Power generation based entirely on sun and wind is
inertia stand-alone solar PV generators, and improved considered an alternative source of green power
overall power generation reliability. For both systems, generation, which can alleviate the problems of power
changes in meteorological conditions (solar insolation and demand. This paper describes, stand-alone hybrid power
average annual wind condition) are important. The generation system consisting of solar and permanent
performance of photovoltaic and wind energy systems magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), wind power and
largely depends on the local climatic conditions. The AC load. A supervisory control unit is designed to perform
power generated by the PV system is highly dependent on Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) has been
weather conditions. introduced to maximize the ability to simultaneously
collect energy from the entire power generation process
In order to reduce the conversion losses from the source to under different climatic conditions. According to the
the load and improve energy efficiency, an independent power generation and load requirement of each energy
method has been proposed, which has become an source, two types of contingencies are considered and
important research direction. Using MATLAB/SIMULINK classified. In PV system Perturb & Observe (P&O)
software tools to simulate all energy sources to analyze algorithm is used as control logic for the Maximum Power

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Point Tracking (MPPT) controller and Hill Climb Search “Modeling and Simulation of gird connected hybrid
(HCS) algorithm is used as MPPT control logic for the power system integrated with solar PV/Wind and
Wind power system in order to maximizing the power controlled by Voltage Regulator”
generated. The Fuzzy logic control scheme of the inverter
aims to keep the load voltage and frequency of the AC Vandana Chaoudhary (2019)
power supply at a constant level, regardless of changes in
natural conditions and loads. The Simulink model of the Due to the increase in prices of conventional source of energy,
proposed hybrid system is developed in MATLAB. The we pay attention to the approach of non-convectional source
system has a MPPT controlled boost converter and a of energy. This paper proposes a grid-connected hybrid solar
voltage-regulating inverter, which can be used for stand- and wind energy system. The hybrid solar and wind system
alone application. consists of wind energy, solar energy and ac loads. In the solar
DC output system, it is boosted by boost converter. MPPT
“Simulation of Grid Supported PV/Wind/Battery technology is used to maximize the output of the solar system.
Hybrid System with Variable Load” Shaheer Zaffar The wind sub-system consists of a permanent magnet
Tak (2018) synchronous generator, a rectifier and a boost converter to
achieve maximum output. Voltage regulator is used to control
Compared to old-fashioned power systems, hybrid power hybrid solar-wind system. This paper explains the modeling
systems composed of more than one type of energy, of hybrid photovoltaic and wind turbine system controlled by
especially renewable energy, are becoming more and a voltage regulator. In order to improve the reliability and
more feasible. From the last decade, the growth of clean reduce reliance on a single source, we connected these two
and renewable power generation in the power industry systems together.
has accelerated due to the following reasons: increase
environmental awareness and technological “A Hybrid Wind-Photovoltaic Generation System
advancement of storage devices. Therefore, people have Modeling and Performance Evaluation” Amr Ahmed A.
paid extensive attention to this field, and several models Radwan (2019)
have been proposed in recent years to reliably and
effectively absorb intermittent renewable energy in the This paper proposes a novel power electronic converter
power system to reduce the burden on the utility grid. topology that is used to interconnect large wind turbines and
This paper describes the simulation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays to the utility grid. Back-to-back
wind/solar/battery hybrid system using the utility grid as voltage source converters are used as energy processing
a back-up support for variable loads using the simulink interfaces, and since dc-dc converters are not used, system
tool. Wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) array are used efficiency is maximized. The machine-side converter is used
as primary energy suppliers for the load. In order to meet to realize the maximum power point tracking of the wind
power and demand, a neuro-fuzzy controller is used to turbine, and the grid-side converter is used to maximize the
complete the grid connection and battery switching. PV power and inject the captured wind and power generated
by the PV into the utility grid. The use of vector control
“Modelling and Simulation of the hybrid system strategy can realize the regulation of the power converter.
PVWind with MATLAB/SIMULINK” Mohamed Yassine The MATLAB/SIMULINK platform is used to evaluate the
Allani (2018) system performance, where time-domain simulation shows
the effectiveness of the proposed system.
This paper proposes a hybrid power system connected to
DC load. The hybrid power system consists of a “Hybrid Solar PV-Wind Generation System Coordination
photovoltaic generator, a wind generator composed of a Control and Optimization of Battery Energy Storage
turbine and permanent magnet synchronous generator, a System for Rural Electrification”Irene Masenge (2020)
three-phase uncontrolled rectifier converter and DC-DC
boost power converter dedicated for each source and The scarcity of power grids in rural areas inevitably makes
controlled by the command based on the method of renewable energy sources (RESs) such as solar photovoltaic
Perturb and Observe. The purpose of this control is to (PV) and wind energy, produce hybrid power. These RESs
extract the maximum power of each power supply under provide reliable power, and a large-scale energy storage
different input parameter changes from the proposed system (ESS) must be deployed to meet the loss requirements
system. This system uses MATLAB/SIMULINK that require high investment costs. In order to reduce the ESS
environment for modulation. requirement, the best hybrid system design is essential. By
optimizing the battery ESS, the system cost can be effectively
reduced. This paper presents the modeling, coordination,
control and optimal BESS of a hybrid solar PV-wind power

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

generation system using Mixed Integer Linear Programming directional converter to charge the battery. Bi-directional
(MILP). The purpose of this scheme is to maintain the power converters and battery constitutes a common additional
flow between the DC-AC bus by ensuring a constant voltage load for wind energy and photovoltaic energy systems. In
and system frequency at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). order to convert the energy output of the photovoltaic
The simulation results obtained on MATLAB/SIMULINK system into energy storage and provide constant power by
confirm the excellent performance of the proposed system. the wind turbine, and efficient energy storage mechanism
is required which is can be achieved by battery bank.

Conclusion

This paper reviews the challenges and opportunities of

using solar photovoltaic and wind energy resources for
power generation. The main challenge of grid-connected
system and stand-alone system is the intermittent nature
of solar photovoltaic and wind energy. By integrating the
two resources into an optimal combination, the impact of
the variability of solar and wind energy resources can be
partially eliminated, and the entire system can be operated
more reliably and economically. This undoubtedly has
greater impact on the stand-alone generation. The
integration of renewable energy and battery storage
backup system is becoming an independent and cost-
effective solution. This PV-wind battery hybrid
configuration can meet the system loads, including peak
hours. Energy management strategies should ensure high
system efficiencies as well as reliability and lowest cost.
Fig 1: Block diagram of the proposed system Good planning and accurate prediction of weather pattern,
solar radiation and wind speed can help reduce the impact
As shown in Fig 1, the entire hybrid system includes PV
of intermittent energy. Voltage and frequency fluctuation
and wind systems photovoltaic systems are powered by
and harmonics are the main power quality problems of
the large amount of solar energy available in nature. PV
both grid-connected as well as stand-alone systems, which
modules and maximum power point tracking system and
have a greater impact when the grid is weak. Through
DC-DC converter comprises a photovoltaic energy system.
proper design, advanced rapid response control
The light incident on the PV cell is converted into electrical
equipment and good optimization of the hybrid system,
energy by the solar collector. The maximum power point
this problem can be resolved to a large extent. The paper
tracking system with Perturb & Observe algorithm is used,
outlines research works related to optimal sizing, power
which extracts the maximum possible power from the PV
electronics topologies, and grid-connected and stand-alone
module. The dc-dc converter changes the voltage level to
hybrid solar PV and wind energy systems control. Solar
match the electrical appliances provided by the system.
photovoltaic and wind energy hybrid systems can be
Wind turbine, Permanent magnet synchronous generator, connected by common DC or common AC bus, regardless
rectifier, dc-dc converter and MPPT are included in the to whether they operate in grid-connected mode or stand-
wind energy system. Wind turbines are used to convert alone mode
wind energy into rotating mechanical energy. The
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© 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3807
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

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