STUDY GUIDE REVIEW MODULE

Multi-Variable Categorical Data

Essential Question: How can you use multi-variable categorical

data to solve real-world problems? Key Vocabulary
8
categorical data
(datos categóricos)
conditional relative frequency
KEY EXAMPLE (Lesson 8.1)
(frecuencia relativa
The principal of a high school surveyed 9th and 10th graders as condicional)
to whether they want to go on a field trip to the museum, zoo, or frequency table (tabla de
botanical garden. The results of the survey are in the following frecuencia)
table. Complete the table. joint relative frequency
(frecuencia relativa
Preferred Field Trip conjunta)
Grade Museum Zoo Botanical Total marginal relative frequency
Garden (frecuencia relativa
9 th 42 28 31 marginal)
quantitative data (datos
10 th 52 62 142
cuantitativos)
Total 70 80 93 relative frequency (frecuencia
relativa)
42 + 28 + 31 = 101 Find the 9th grade row total.
70 - 42 = 28 Total who prefer the museum - 9th graders who prefer the museum
70 + 80 + 93 = 243 and 101 + 142 = 243 Find the grand total.

Preferred Field Trip

Grade Museum Zoo Botanical Total
Garden
9 th 42 28 31 101
10 th 28 52 62 142
Total 70 80 93 243
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KEY EXAMPLE (Lesson 8.2)

The principal wants to know if the percent of 10th graders who prefer the zoo is greater than
the percent of total students who prefer the zoo. Find the conditional relative frequency of 10th
graders who prefer the zoo and the marginal relative frequency of students who prefer the zoo.
Compare the results.

The percent of 10th graders who prefer the zoo is given by the conditional relative frequency:
Number of 10 th graders who prefer the zoo _
____ = 52 ≈ 0.37
Total number of 10th graders 142
The percent of total students who prefer the zoo is given by the marginal relative frequency:
Number of students who prefer the zoo _
____ = 80 ≈ 0.33.
Total number of students 243
Since 37% > 33%, the percent of 10 th graders who prefer the zoo is greater than the percent of
total students who prefer the zoo.

Module 8 371 Study Guide Review

EXERCISES
1. Complete the two-way frequency table. Interpret the meaning of the number in the starred cell of the
table. (Lesson 8.1)

Preferred Mode of Transportation

Age Bike Car Bus Total
Adults 25 3 12
Teenagers 5 28 12
Total *

2. A middle school student surveyed middle school and high school teachers on whether they preferred
to have their students write in pen. (Lesson 8.2)

Prefer Students Use Pen

Grade Level Yes No Total
Middle School 3 18 21
High School 7 12 19
Total 10 30 40

Are middle school teachers or high school teachers more likely to prefer that their students
use pen? Explain.

MODULE PERFORMANCE TASK

Survey Says?
Students in grades 7–12 were surveyed about which of the following they would most like to do
during 2 weeks of a summer vacation: visit a foreign country, attend camp, or visit a national
park. The students were divided into two groups, Grades 7–9 and Grades 10–12. Here are the
results:

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Visit a Foreign Visit a National
Attend Camp
Country Park
Grades 7–9 25 40 15

Grades 10–12 70 20 30

• Make a table showing the relative frequency of each of the six categories in the
table compared to the results for the entire table.
• Make a circle graph, histogram, or bar graph showing the frequencies or
relative frequencies of each of the six categories in the table.
• Write and answer at least five questions involving conditional relative
probability that can be answered by referring to the table.
• Describe any trends you see in the data.
Use your own paper to work on the task. Use numbers, words, or algebra to explain how you
reached your conclusion.

Module 8 372 Study Guide Review

 Ready to Go On?
8.1–8.2 Multi-Variable Categorical Data

• Online Homework
• Hints and Help
• Extra Practice
1. A researcher surveyed 135 people, 85 females and 50 males. The researcher asked
each person which of the following types of movies they preferred: action, comedy,
or drama. Complete the table. (Lesson 8.1)

Favorite Type of Movie

Gender Action Comedy Drama Total
Female 35 18
Male 12 28
Total 28

2. Based on the data given in the frequency table below, does a greater percent of
11 th or 12 th graders surveyed like tennis? Use conditional relative frequencies to
support your answer. (Lesson 8.2)

Like Tennis
Grade Yes No Total
11th 55 55 110
12th 64 32 96
Total 99 97 206
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

ESSENTIAL QUESTION
3. How can you compare values in tables of two-variable categorical data?

Module 8 373 Study Guide Review

 MODULE 8
MIXED REVIEW

Assessment Readiness
1. Look at each variable. Is the variable best represented by categorical data? Select
Yes or No for each variable.
A. Favorite song Yes No
B. Car color Yes No
C. Weight Yes No

2. Mazin asked his classmates whether they like soccer and whether they like
running. The table shows the results of his survey.

Like Running
Like Soccer Yes No Total
Yes 12
No 6 18
Total 24 31

Complete the table. Choose True or False for each statement.

A. 12 students like soccer but not running. True False
B. Mazin surveyed 55 students in all. True False
C. 25 students like soccer. True False
Use the following information for questions 3 and 4.
Samantha is preparing to do a survey of the language classes taken by ninth and tenth graders
at her high school. Each student in ninth and tenth grade takes one language class. From
school records, she knows there are 158 students in the ninth grade, as shown in the table.

Language
Grade French Mandarin Spanish Total
9 r s t 158

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10 x y z
Total

3. Write an expression to represent the conditional relative frequency that a student

takes Mandarin, given that the student is a tenth grader. Explain how you created
the expression.

4. Based on school records, Samantha finds out that there are 65 students in ninth
grade who take Spanish and 35 students in ninth grade that take French. Find the
conditional probability that a student takes Mandarin, given that the student is a
ninth grader. Show your work.

Module 8 374 Study Guide Review