Definition of Geometric Figures
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ScribdTranslationsDefinition of Geometric Figures
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsDefinition of Geometric Figures
The geometric figure is a set whose components
turn out to be points (one of the fundamental
entities of geometry), while Geometry is the
discipline that will deal with its detailed study, its
main characteristics: its shape, its extension, its
properties and their relative position.
The geometric figure is defined as a non-empty set that is composed of points and
understood as a geometric locus is an area closed by lines or surfaces, either in a plane or
in space.
A geometric figure is a non-empty set whose elements are points. These figures
understood as geometric places are areas closed by lines or surfaces in a plane or in
space. Now, although mathematics and geometry especially study these figures with a
predilection and are objects of study in these disciplines, their knowledge will also be in
demand in art since it is essential to have basic knowledge about them to be able to
describe with expertise a work of art, plan it or develop technical drawing.
With the mere fact of observing nature, the world that surrounds us, we can confirm the
existence and presence of the most varied forms in the material bodies that coexist in the
aforementioned nature and then, it is from these that we form the idea volume, surface,
line and point.
The different types of needs that man has faced over the years have caused him to start
thinking and studying different techniques that allow him, for example, to build, move or
measure, and on this path he became man. in the use of various geometric figures.
Definition of Triangle
The triangle is a three-sided polygon that gives rise
to three vertices and three interior angles . It is the
simplest figure after the straight line in geometry. As a
general rule , a triangle is represented by three
capital letters of the vertices (ABC).
According to the length of its sides , a triangle can be
classified as equilateral , where the three sides of the triangle are equal; in isosceles ,
the triangle has two equal sides and one unequal, and in scalene , where the triangle has
three unequal sides.
They can also be classified according to the measurement of their angles , it can be an
acute angle , where the three angles are acute; that is, angles less than 90°. If a triangle
has a right angle or 90° angle, it is said to be right-angled , and if it has one of the three
angles as obtuse ; That is, an angle greater than 90° is considered obtuse angle .
The main characteristic of this figure is that the sum of its three angles is always equal
to 180°. If we know two of them we can calculate how long the third one will be.
Characteristics of triangles:
1.- Equilateral triangle.- The equilateral triangle is the triangle that has three equal sides.
This type of triangle has the same angle at its corners, and its sides are of the same
distance. This type of triangle falls into the sub-classification of “ Acuteangles ”, since its
angles are acute.
2.- Isóceles Triangle.- The isóceles triangle has two equal sides and a smaller or larger
side on the unequal side. This is why they can be found in these triangles of the “ obtuse
angle” classification.
3.- Scalene triangles.- In these triangles, none of the sides are equal, they can be
symmetrical or asymmetrical and are part of the triangles classified as “ Obtuse-angled ”
or “ Acute-angled ”, and in the scalene triangle, the triangles can be found rectangles that
have a leg and hypotenuse.
A characteristic of triangles is that adding their angles results in 180°.
Another exclusive characteristic of the triangle is that it is the most resistant geometric
figure that exists and that is why it is the ideal shape for construction structures.
Square
A square in plane geometry is a regular quadrilateral; This is a
figure of the plane with its four equal sides, and its four angles
that are 90º. Its only two diagonals are of equal length and
perpendicular to each other. It has 4 axes of symmetry, whose
intersection is the center of the figure; two axes passing
perpendicularly through each midpoint of the pair of opposite
sides; two others that pass through opposite vertices of the
figure. 1 2 3 In some sources they consider the square as a
rectangle with four equal sides or a rhombus with a right angle.
Or a square is a quadrilateral with four right angles and four
equal sides. 4 5
Characteristics of the squares:
Within the various geometric figures that exist in Euclidean geometry, there
are polygons and within the group of polygons we find parallelograms; The
square is an integral part of the figures that we call parallelograms, since its
four sides are parallel.
They have four sides.- One of the main characteristics of squares is that
they have four sides, which are parallel to each other.
Sides of equal measure.- The four sides have the same measure, in
squares each of the sides has the same length, unlike other geometric
figures such as rectangles, for example.
Their division by the diagonals forms triangles.- The diagonals of a
square are divided in half, that is, they are cut at the midpoint of the square,
which forms four right-angled triangles.
Diagonal bisectors.- The diagonal lines are bisectors of the corresponding
90º right angles, each bisector line divides the angle in two, so they are
divided into 45º each.
Interior right angles of 90º.- They present four interior angles, which have
the characteristic that they are right angles, that is, the internal right angles
measure ninety degrees each.
Rectangle
Rectangle (Figure). In Euclidean
geometry , a rectangle is a quadrilateral
that has four right interior angles . This
said in a general way. If properties are still
required for this rectangle, such as its sides being equal, we
obtain a special case of a rectangle. This figure is called a square .
The characteristics of the rectangle are:
It has four vertices,
Furthermore, the rectangle has two pairs of equal sides.
Also the opposite sides are parallel and of equal length.
Its angles measure 90º
Its two diagonals are equal, and cut into equal parts (this characteristic
also defines it)
Circle
A circle , in Euclidean geometry , is the locus of points on the plane
whose distance to another fixed point, called the center , is less than or
equal to a constant quantity, called the radius . In other words, it is the
region of the plane delimited by a circle and having a defined area . 1 In
Spanish, the word circle has several meanings, and sometimes circle is
used interchangeably with circumference , the latter being a flat, closed
geometric curve , whose points are equidistant from the center, and only has length (that is,
the perimeter of the circle). . 2 "Although both concepts are related, the circumference (curved
line) should not be confused with the circle (surface)." 3
Characteristics
The circle has no sides, it has an imaginary line called diameter that
crosses it, half of that line is called the radius and the chord, it has other
imaginary lines such as the secant, tangent and exterior and it has
infinite symmetrical axes, its formula is Pí for radius squared
Definition of Rhombus
Known as one of the most common and used geometric
figures, the rhombus should be described as a quadrilateral
(i.e. a figure containing four sides) parallelogram (i.e. there
are two pairs of sides parallel to each other). The rhombus
can be seen as a square or a slightly inclined rectangle.
With the idea of rotating infinitely
The name given to this geometric shape has to do with the Greek language for which the
term rhombos refers to those shapes that rotate endlessly.
Characteristics of the rhombus
Parallelogram ABCD is a rhombus if at least one of these conditions is met:
1. Its two adjacent sides are equal (from this it follows that all sides are equal):
АВ = ВС = СD = AD
2. Their diagonals intersect at a right angle:
AC┴BD
3. One of the diagonals (bisector) divides the angles that contain it in half:
∠ BAC = ∠ CAD или ∠ BDA = ∠ BDC
4. If all heights are equal:
BN = DL = BM = DK
5. If the diagonals divide a parallelogram into four equal right triangles:
ΔABO = ΔBCO = ΔCDO = ΔADO
6. If it is possible to inscribe a circle in the parallelogram.
Trapezoid (geometry)
In geometry , a quadrilateral that has two parallel non-consecutive sides called the bases of
the trapezoid is called a trapezoid, and the perpendicular segment between the two bases and
its own length are called the height of the trapezoid. 1 2 The segment whose ends are the
midpoints of the non-parallel sides is called the median . This definition of trapezoid determines
three classes of convex quadrilaterals: trapezoids , no pair of parallel sides; trapezoids , a
single pair of parallel sides; parallelograms , two pairs of parallel sides. 3
Features of the trapezoid
Geometry
In geometry, they are quadrilaterals with two parallel sides and two others that are not.
Median
The length of the median (m) of a trapezoid is similar to the half-sum of the length of its bases (ac).
This is equivalent to the fragment whose extremes are the midpoints of the non-parallel sides.
Bases and height
The parallel sides are designated the bases of the trapezoid and the distance between them is the
height.
Classification
Within quadrilaterals, they belong to the group of non-parallelograms.
Angles
The sum of its internal angles is 360º, while the angles on the non-parallel sides are supplementary
(they add up to 180º).
Area
The area of a trapezoid corresponds to the half-sum of the bases times the height.
Triangle
Square
Rectangle
Diamond
Trapeze
Length of a circle
Length of an arc of a circle
Circle
circular sector
