REPORT N° 000 - CONSULTBEL - 2021

EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF

ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS

INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE

OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE
HUMAN SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL SEA IN THE PEOPLE
CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT
OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION.

ELABORATED APPROVED

RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL HEADLINE

ILO, APRIL 202 1

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 LOS ANGELES 83-01 – ILO-ILO-MOQUEGUA / 53-425806-969980694/
[email protected]
INDEX
INDEX........................................................................................................................37
1. DATA OF THE PROJECT OWNER AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT.....................38
1.1. PERSONAL INFORMATION..............................................................................38
1.2. HEAD OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT......................................................38
1.3. DECLARATION OF THE OWNER.......................................................................38
2. GENERALITIES.....................................................................................................38
2.1. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................39
2.2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK.......................................................................................39
2.3. AIM...............................................................................................................40
2.3.1. General objective:....................................................................................40
2.3.2. Specific objectives:..................................................................................41
2.4. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY...............................................................................41
2.5. DEFINITIONS.................................................................................................42
2.6. Environmental risk assessment........................................................................43
3. DIAGNOSIS OF WASTE GENERATING ACTIVITIES AND AREAS.................................45
3.1. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE.....................................................47
3.2. THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DUMP...................................................48
3.3. CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE............49
4. RISK ANALYSIS.....................................................................................................50
4.1. CRITERIA FOR THE OPTIMAL EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS............50
4.2. CAUSAL SCENARIOS.......................................................................................52
4.2.1. IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSES AND HAZARDS (SOURCES OF HAZARD).........52
4.2.2. IDENTIFICATION OF INITIATING EVENTS.................................................53
4.3. CONSEQUENCE SCENARIOS............................................................................55
4.3.1. CONDITIONING FACTORS........................................................................55
4.3.2. ACCIDENT SCENARIOS............................................................................55
4.3.3. event tree...............................................................................................55
4.3.4. Probability Assignment.............................................................................62
4.4. RISK ESTIMATION..........................................................................................69
4.5. RISK ASSESSMENT.........................................................................................70
5. CONCLUSIONS.....................................................................................................73

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 1. DATA OF THE PROJECT OWNER AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

1.1. PERSONAL INFORMATION

HEADLINE :
RUC NUMBER :
RECORD :
BUSINESS NAME :
ADDRESS :
PHONE :

1.2. HEAD OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

NAME :

SIGNATURE :

I declare that I have reviewed all records on environmental matters corresponding

to the Locality or operating unit and that this report is in accordance with the
content of said records.

1.3. DECLARATION OF THE OWNER

NAME :

SIGNATURE :

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 2. GENERALITIES

2.1. INTRODUCTION

Construction and demolition waste are materials that, when they are disposed of in landfills in an
uncontrolled manner, we lose the opportunity to reduce energy consumption to obtain them, since,
with a regulated system, we could take advantage of many of these construction elements. in
recycling, reuse or some treatment that converts it into usable material or finally disposes of it so
that it does not contaminate the environment.(LOPEZ, 2015) .
This study follows the methodology of the Spanish Standard UNE 150008: “Analysis and evaluation
of environmental risk” together with the experimental Spanish Standard UNE 150008 EX. It is a
methodology that allows determining the nature and degree of risk through the analysis of possible
threats and the evaluation of existing conditions of vulnerability that together could harm the urban
population of Ilo.

The study is focused on the analysis and evaluation of risks in the construction and demolition
waste landfill of the municipality of Ilo. For adequate management of construction and demolition
waste that will allow us to anticipate the risks or potential problems inherent to the uncertainty of a
project. (Cooper, Grey, Raymond, & Walker, 2005,).

Therefore, this work aims to develop a model to qualitatively analyze the risks of construction and
demolition waste for the installation project of the model educational service of the primary and
secondary level of the human settlement view of the sea in the populated center of La Pampa.
wireless of the Ilo district, Moquegua region, as is the case of educational institution constructions.
Likewise, we seek to create an effective Risk Response Plan that allows us to improve the estimation
and planning of future construction projects.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
2.2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK.

The management of solid waste is carried out in accordance with national environmental
regulations, which is mainly constituted by:
 General Environmental Law – Law No. 28611. Organizer of the legal regulatory
framework for environmental management in Peru. Environmental protection is in
charge of the National Environmental Management System, whose governing body is the
Ministry of the Environment (MINAM).
 Law 27972, organic law of municipalities. Local governments represent the
neighborhood, promote the adequate provision of local public services and the
comprehensive, sustainable and harmonious development of their constituency.
 Law that regulates the Land Transportation of Hazardous Materials and Waste -LAW Nº
28256. The purpose of the Law The purpose of this Law is to regulate the activities,
processes and operations of land transportation of hazardous materials and waste,
subject to the principles of prevention and protection of people, the environment and
property.
 National regulations for land transportation of hazardous materials and waste. The
purpose of this regulation is to establish the rules and procedures that regulate the
activities, processes and operations of land transportation of hazardous materials and
waste, subject to the principles of prevention and protection of people, the environment
and property.
 NTP: Peruvian Technical Standard: Color code for devices for waste storage devices (NTP
900.058-2019).
 Supreme Decree No. 019-2016-HOUSING. regulate the management and handling of
solid waste generated by construction and demolition activities and processes, in order
to minimize possible impacts on the environment.
 National Regulation for the Management and Handling of Waste Electrical and Electronic
Devices approved with Supreme Decree No. 090-2019- MINAM. Ensures the constant
maximization of efficiency in the management and handling of WEEE.
 Ministerial Resolution No. 174-2017-MINAM, decree that seeks to minimize the
generation of solid waste at source (homes, companies, industries, businesses, among
others)

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
2.3. AIM

2.3.1. General objective:

Develop a model to analyze the environmental risks of the construction and demolition
waste landfill of the project for “installation of the model educational service at the primary
and secondary level of the Ilo district”, which allows adequate risk management and the
implementation of a plan. of environmental risks.

2.3.2. Specific objectives:

• Identify, through information collected from various sources, the economic benefits
obtained by complying with the guidelines established for the proper management of
Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW).
• Estimate, through the data collected, the most relevant source being the District
Environment Secretary (SDA), the environmental benefits obtained by complying with
the guidelines established for the proper management of CDW.
• Identify a list of risks in the different phases of the project.
• Categorize risks according to the level of probability and impact.
• Carry out the qualitative analysis of the risks of the landfill.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
2.4. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY.

The environmental policy is aimed at complying with the environmental laws and regulations in
force in Peru. Comply with additional requirements of the company to which it is subject to carry
out the activities of the work, but focused on minimizing environmental impacts.
This policy is part of the company's pillars to achieve compliance with its stated vision and mission,
which we present below:
The Heads of Safety and Environment are responsible for supervising and monitoring compliance
with this plan, of their own personnel and/or third parties who carry out work.
Identify, evaluate and permanently control the significant environmental aspects and impacts
caused by the company's own activities to prevent and/or mitigate possible environmental
contamination in the use of water resources, the generation of debris, spills, effluents, gaseous
emissions. and potential fire.
It is the responsibility of all personnel whose activities generate waste to comply with the provisions
of this document.
The person responsible for the hazardous waste warehouse must maintain control, as indicated in
this procedure.
Civil works areas must carry out actions aimed at reducing and recycling waste.

2.5. DEFINITIONS.

Risk analysis: it is the systematic use of available information to determine the frequency with
which certain events may occur and the magnitude of their consequences.
Environmental Risk: is defined as “the result of a function that relates the probability of occurrence
of a certain accident scenario and its negative consequences on the natural, human and
socioeconomic environment.”
Pour glass: it is a waste treatment system. The landfills are located in large waterproofed
orographic holes and house the dumping of waste for many years. importance of the design and
construction of the waterproof barrier system of both the vessel and the final sealing when the
installation reaches the end of its service life, the drainage systems, leak control, etc.
Implement risk response: The process of implementing the risk response that occurs in the project
management execution process group, which consists of implementing the response strategies
chosen, agreed upon and designed in the previous process. planning the response to risks.
Benefit: It is a good that is made or received through the conservation and recovery of some
materials, it is also used as a synonym for utility or advantage.
Final disposition: It is the process of reception, collection and confinement of unusable construction
and/or demolition waste in technically located and conditioned sites, to avoid contamination and
damage or risks to human health and the environment.
RCD Generators: It is the natural or legal person that generates construction and/or demolition
waste in volumes greater than one (1) m3 per month and that additionally requires the issuance of
a construction license by the competent authority for this purpose.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
Recycling: Process carried out by special managers on the waste generated, whose objective is the
transformation, potentialization and reincorporation as raw material for the manufacture of new
products and inputs for the construction sector.
Revaluation: Management strategy aimed at the chemical characterization of waste, thus allowing
it to be integrated into the process through the repotentialization of its components.
Transporter: Natural or legal person that provides waste collection and transfer services from
generation points, assuming ownership thereof.
Hazardous waste: It is that which, due to its infectious, toxic, explosive, corrosive, flammable,
volatile, combustible, radioactive or reactive characteristics, generates risk to the population, the
environment, property and infrastructure.
Erosion : It is a process in which the material is transported, rolled and dragged by the force of
gravity, it is produced by wind and water (water erosion, by disintegration and transport of soil
particles by the action of water in movement, and wind erosion, erosion of the upper layer
increasing aridity and desertification)
Leachate control: Leachate in a CDW landfill is generated as a result of the constituent
solution/precipitation process. A characteristic of leachate is the fluctuation in both quantity and
composition, which makes its treatment difficult.
Security: it is the characteristic of something or someone that is or is safe. When this word is used
in an adjectival phrase ('safety') it means that a device or mechanism is designed to avoid risks or
ensure proper functioning. For example: 'seat belt'.
Waste from the scope of non-municipal management: These are waste generated in processes or
activities not included in the scope of municipal management.
Hazardous Waste: Those that, due to their characteristics or the handling to which they are or will
be subjected, represent a significant risk to health or the environment. Those that present at least
one of the following characteristics will be considered dangerous: self-combustibility, explosiveness,
corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, radioactivity or pathogenicity.
Industrial Waste: These are waste generated in the activities of various industrial branches, such as:
mining, chemical, energy, fishing and other similar manufacturing.
Solid Waste: Those substances, products or by-products in a solid or semi-solid state that the
generator has, or is obliged to dispose of, by virtue of the provisions of national regulations or the
risks they cause to health and the environment.
Reuse: Any activity that allows the good, article or element that constitutes solid waste to be
directly reused, in order for it to fulfill the same purpose for which it was originally produced.
Segregation: Action of grouping certain components or physical elements of solid waste to be
managed in a special way.
Storage: action of accumulating, gathering or collecting waste according to its hazardous or non-
hazardous characteristics, in an environment or collection.
Solid Waste Management Declaration: Administrative technical document in the nature of a sworn
declaration, signed by the generator, through which it declares how it has managed and will
manage during the following period the solid waste that is under its responsibility. Said declaration
describes the solid waste management system of the generating company or institution and
includes the characteristics of the waste in terms of quantity and danger; operations and processes
executed and to be executed; modality of execution thereof and the administrative aspects
determined in the corresponding forms.
Generator: natural or legal person who, due to their activities, generates solid waste, whether as a
producer, importer, distributor or user.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
Generation Source: area, unit or service of the clinic, which due to its activity generates waste.
Waste management: any administrative and operational activity that involves all stages in the
management of solid waste.
Special Waste: These are wastes with potentially dangerous physical and chemical properties
because they are corrosive, toxic, explosive and reactive.

2.6. Environmental risk assessment

The evaluation of environmental risks is a tool that allows the systematic use of the information
provided from the field and the laboratory so that the competent authority can decide the actions
to take.

The virtue of the application of different methodologies for risk assessment is to be able to
scientifically know the possible adverse effects that they can produce (damage), and thus separate
them from other criteria such as feasibility, costs, etc. That often condition the decision-making by
the authority.

Risk analysis:

Risk: is the probability of suffering harm from exposure to a hazard. Possibility that dangerous
events produce consequences.

Hazard: is the source of risk and refers to a substance or action that can cause harm. Potential
threat to people and/or property.

When the dangers that exposure to dangerous substances present in the environment can cause to
living beings began to be legally considered, the topic of risk analysis began to be delved deeper
into.

Risk analysis is an issue that must be resolved through different professions.

A toxic substance can cause irreversible damage to life and the environment, so the risk analysis
must focus on it to have decision-making elements for the competent authorities.

Risk analysis applies techniques when the answers are not obvious and the information is confusing
and doubtful.
Risk analysis does not solve the complex discussions between the actors who have the duty to
make decisions for their solution.
Risk analysis does improve the capacity of science in the identification, evaluation, control and
reduction of risks associated with anthropogenic activities.

Hazard Identification

To evaluate a risk, we must first know the danger; it is the process of determining if a chemical
compound is related to health problems.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
We must carry out specific studies on the background and on living beings to know the results (NAS
1983)

Comparative risk analysis

Comparative risk analysis provides a systematic method for addressing problems that can cause
different types and degrees of risks.
Specific comparisons refer to the simultaneous evaluation of the risks associated with the exposure
of some substances, products or activities (Resouces for the Future – ACS 1998).

Quick and inexpensive comparative risk analyzes can be performed using data from available
sources to identify the most significant issues.

So the results of the comparative analysis can be used to obtain priorities, taking into account costs,
technical feasibility and social perception.

Significance of the risk

This stage involves judgments and negotiations to resolve the question of what level of risk is
tolerable. 53 There are several techniques to provide answers including risk perception analysis,
cost-benefit analysis and decision analysis.

These techniques provide a better judgment of risks, but also generate hesitations.
However, the decision to consider a risk as acceptable generates discussion. You always have to
negotiate, gain acceptance and use other means to engage in the process of declaring a risk
tolerable. In risk management, the response to control, reduce or eliminate risks is designed using
the information produced by the evaluation and analysis, in the context of technical resources,
social, economic and political values. (NAS 1983).

The difference between risk assessment and risk management is not very clear. The controversy
centers on the degree to which evaluation can be kept free of the judgments and values that
typically correspond to management decisions. (ACS 1998)6.
Risk perceptions are important factors that influence both assessment and management.
Risks are perceived differently, depending on who is affected and how likely it is that damage will
occur.
Risk and uncertainties
The evaluation of uncertainties is a very important aspect in risk assessment.

Some of the sources of uncertainty can be quantified, the others are given a qualitative treatment,
but whenever they are analyzed it is advisable to know the possibilities that the uncertainties are
magnified throughout the evaluation process.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 3. DIAGNOSIS OF WASTE GENERATING ACTIVITIES AND AREAS.

Ilo is a city located in the department of Moquegua . It is located in the Southwest of the
country, on the shores of the Pacific Ocean south of the mouth of the Osmore River and north of
Coles Point . It is located 92 km from the city of Moquegua and had 66,118 inhabitants. according to
the 2017 Census.
For centuries its economy has revolved around olive production as well as fishing, which has been
developed since it was a fishing cove in 1818, but it was in the 1950s that the port's economic
activity had great economic growth. thanks to the rise of the fishing industry and the entry of
foreign capital from the company Southern Perú in the exploitation of mining deposits in the region.
It is one of the main ports in the south of Peru and the one that is most important to the
Government of Bolivia due to the large investments it wants to make due to its location on the
Pacific Ocean . The city of Ilo is considered the financial and commercial center of the Moquegua
region due to the presence of large mining and energy industries, run by the Engie company.
The average weather in Ilo:
In Ilo, the summers are hot, muggy, arid and mostly cloudy and the winters are long, cool, dry and
mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature generally varies from 11°C to 26°C and
rarely drops below 9°C or rises above 27°C.

Precipitation:
In Ilo, the frequency of wet days (those with more than 1 millimeter of liquid or liquid equivalent
precipitation) does not vary considerably by season. The frequency ranges from 0% to 4%, and the
average value is 1%.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that have only rain, only snow or a combination of
the two. Based on this categorization, the most common type of precipitation during the year is rain
only, with a maximum chance of 4% on February 16.

Humidity:
We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as this determines whether sweat will
evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. When dew points are lower it feels drier and
when they are higher it feels wetter. Unlike temperature, which generally varies considerably
between night and day, the dew point tends to change more slowly, so even though the
temperature drops at night, on a humid day the night is generally humid.

The wettest period of the year lasts for 6.3 months, from December 8 to June 19, during which time
the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or unbearable at least 29% of the time. The wettest day of
the year is February 23, with humidity 74% of the time.

The least humid day of the year is October 19, with wet conditions 14% of the time.
Pollution due to dumping of debris is one of the most frequent in the port city of Ilo.

Location of the construction and demolition waste landfill of the municipality of Ilo:

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 The debris has become a headache and increasingly narrows public spaces. Transporters look for
the easiest ways to dispose of debris, tells us the manager of Urban and Environmental
Development (DUA) of the Provincial Municipality of Ilo.
The situation derives from bad customs that have been proliferating in different parts of the port
city. He added that some cases are also due to ignorance of the municipal ordinance, but in relation
to those who carry out home work or extensions or remodeling in homes. According to the rule,
large construction projects must present a document to the Municipality requesting permission to
dump the debris. For the final disposal of debris from construction and earthworks, the DUA is
empowered to issue the respective authorizations. According to the ordinance, it indicates the
location of where construction waste must be deposited. This is located on the Binational Highway
behind the land terminal. There is a free space there to deposit construction waste.
The Ministry of the Environment has asked said management to make a diagnosis on the volume
and location of the contaminated spaces in Ilo.

Below, we present the location map of the construction and demolition waste landfill of the
municipality of Ilo. Which are located at the geographical coordinates to the east: 252258.02 m E
and the north: 8045551.70 m. with an area of 100488.m2 and a perimeter of 1733.49m.

Chart No. 01

Source: self made

3.1. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
The provincial municipalities in coordination with the district municipalities, according to the
restrictions established for the location of the waste dumps indicated in the DS 019-2016-HOUSING,
establish, publish and update the zoning in which said facility can be located.

The provincial municipalities, in coordination with the district municipalities, the Health Authority
of the corresponding jurisdiction and other competent sectoral authorities, evaluate and identify
the geographical spaces in their jurisdiction that can be used for the location of infrastructures for
the final disposal of solid waste of origin. of construction and demolition activities.

Solid waste is collected from the construction site, generation area, collection center or temporary
storage containers, for reuse by another generator, marketing or final disposal, as appropriate. "For
the transportation of solid waste, the schedule and routes established by the corresponding local
government must be respected."

Construction and demolition solid waste generators comply with the following obligations:

 Obtain the authorizations, permits, licenses and certifications necessary to carry out your
activities.
 Obtain the corresponding Environmental Certification according to current regulations,
approved by the competent authority.
 Submit to the corresponding authority the Annual Solid Waste Management Declaration
and the Hazardous Solid Waste Management Manifesto, as appropriate.
 Hire an EPS - RS registered with DIGESA that has the corresponding authorizations to
provide services. collection, transportation, treatment and final disposal, depending on the
service required, and/or to an EC - RS when the commercialization of the solid waste
generated is foreseen, with the exception of 16 established in section 1, article 26 of this
Regulation.
 Provide the necessary facilities to the local government, health and sector authorities to
fulfill their supervision and oversight functions according to this Regulation.
 Assume the cost generated by the management of solid waste from minor works, "<
(through the collection system implemented by the local government, as appropriate.

The EPS - RS or Provincial Municipality responsible for operating a waste dump

complies with the following obligations:

 Current registration with DIGESA, when the operator is an EPS - RS.

 Have the approval of the environmental study and approval of the solid waste
infrastructure project for non-municipal management, issued by the competent authority,
as appropriate."
 Comply with the location, design and construction requirements of the waste dump in
accordance with the provisions of this Regulation:
Have the current operating authorization issued by the corresponding local government.

Requirements and restrictions to locate a waste dump

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
Any area or place planned to be used in the future for the location of the
waste dump meets the following requirements:

 Be compatible with the zoning assigned in urban development plans.

 In the case of implementation of waste dumps in areas of non-metallic extraction quarries,
the status of the concession, ownership of the land, declaration of mining environmental
liabilities, among others, is considered, as appropriate.
 Be located at a distance of no less than 500 m from a populated area, and a lesser or
greater distance may be established according to the environmental study.
 When the land has a slope greater than 30 degrees, its relevance must be technically
justified in the infrastructure project and in the corresponding environmental study.
 The direction of the winds should be opposite to the nearest populated area.
 The location of a waste dump must consider its location in relation to bodies of water,
catchments, springs and other water points.
 It must be located outside archaeological areas and reserved zones or protected natural
areas and their buffer zones.

3.2. THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DUMP

meet the following requirements according to the DS 003-2013.HOUSING:

 It must be designed or conditioned for cases of natural, anthropic or environmental

emergency disasters.
 Have a supply of electrical energy, through alternative means (generator sets, among
others).
 Waterproofing of the base and slopes of at least k<=1 x 10-7 and a minimum depth of
0.50, unless it has a natural geological barrier for said purposes, which is technically
supported.
 Perimetric channels for diversion, intersection and evacuation of wastewater
 Sanitary barrier or natural or artificial perimeter fence, effectively preventing the entry
of unauthorized people.
 Registration and weighing system.
 Prohibition, obligation, warning and information signs.
 Access routes and safe internal routes.
 Control booth, administrative office, warehouse, toilets and changing room.

"Water supply or other services and systems that are necessary for the development of activities
inside the waste dump."
3.3. CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE

Table: No. 01
Class Description Typical photograph(s)

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 Mix of:
concrete
Mineral waste bricks
and so
ceramics
masonry
earth and rocks
similar materials from construction and demolition
works.
Mix of:
glass (windows)
Other non-
hazardous

carton and paper

plastics (packaging, tubes) - metals
untreated wood
and similar materials from construction and demolition
works.
Construction and Demolition Waste (RCD)

Treated wood (painted, preserved, laminated, etc.)

from construction and demolition works, for example,
Treated
wood

window frames and beams.

Treated wood (painted, preserved, laminated, etc.)

dangerous

from construction and demolition works, for example,

Other

window frames and beams.

Waste generated in domestic activities carried out in

Domiciliary

homes, consisting of food remains, newspapers,

magazines, bottles, packaging in general, cans,
cardboard, disposable diapers, personal hygiene
remains and other similar items.
Set of non-hazardous solid waste that does not come
Non-Domiciliary

from homes or construction and demolition, for

example.
waste:
agricultural
commercial and special facilities or activities.

Set of hazardous waste that does not come from

construction and demolition, for example, hazardous
Dangerous

waste:
industrial
of health care facilities
and dangerous household items (batteries, motor oil,
batteries, etc.).

PI 2014: Construction and Demolition Waste

4. RISK ANALYSIS

According to UNE 150008:2008 Standard, environmental risk is defined as “the result of a function

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
that relates the probability of occurrence of a certain accident scenario and its negative
consequences on the natural, human and socioeconomic environment.”

Risk = Probability/Frequency x Consequences

According to the environmental risk assessment guide, environmental risk is defined as “the
probability of occurrence that a hazard directly or indirectly affects the environment and its
biodiversity, in a given place and time, which may be of natural or anthropogenic origin. .”

The objective is to define a framework of responsibility in order to guarantee the prevention and
repair of environmental damage, which may produce significant adverse effects on: protected
species and habitats, state of water and soil.

Among the different existing methodologies for risk analysis, the main difference is in the greater or
lesser precision of the techniques used, the necessary starting information and the level of detail of
the results. The UNE 150008:2008 standard shows the general scheme for risk analysis:
The evaluation process consists of the following main stages that stand out, as shown in Graph No.
01.

4.1. CRITERIA FOR THE OPTIMAL EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS

Chart No. 02
IRRIGATION ANALYSIS

Identification of causes and

dangers

Identification of initiating
events

Consequence estimation

Risk estimation (probability

frequency)

Source : Based on Standard UNE 150008-2008 - Environmental risk assessment.

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
The identification of causes and dangers are usually related to human failure, either at the level of the
organization of the facility under study or at the individual level of training, training, etc., activities and
facilities (storages, processes and production facilities , energy sources used, external elements).

Subsequently, an identification of the initiating events is carried out, “a physical fact that has been
identified from a casual analysis and that can generate an incident or accident depending on its evolution
in space-time.” Human error is often the origin of all these events, but external factors must also be taken
into account.

When the initiating events have already been identified, a probability must be assigned to each one. The
best-known technique is fault tree analysis, which has been used for this study.

Once the sources of danger and the initiating events have been identified, an estimate of the
consequences is made, that is, the sequence of events or possible alternatives through an event tree that
gives rise to the possible accident scenarios on which an estimate is also made. the potential
consequences.

Next, the UNE 150008:2008 Standard is applied to the construction and demolition waste landfill facilities
that are the subject of this study. Also to calculate the probability of occurrence I have used the UNE
150008:2000 EX Standard.

4.2. CAUSAL SCENARIOS

4.2.1. IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSES AND HAZARDS (SOURCES OF HAZARD)

Landfills have always been linked to multiple environmental problems, which affect the different
elements of the environment where they are located. In the case of this study I have focused on
the impact of a possible accident on the natural environment (surface water, groundwater, soil
and atmosphere), the human environment, the socioeconomic environment (the landfill is
located in a dangerous area a short distance distance from the urban population, close to a
railway line, close to important communication networks in the area).

The dangers existing in the environment where the landfill is located are:

Human factor: Mainly related to inadequate landfill management.

 Short staff
 Lack of awareness
 Poor staff training
 Insufficient individual security measures.
 Ground instability
 Active faults - Seismic movements - Tsunamis
 expansive soils
 Erosion
 Geotechnical risks

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 Activities and facilities
 Material unloading maneuvers
 Waste, although it is not dangerous, its management also carries a risk.
 Limited economic resources
 Lack of some security measures such as protective fencing

Elements external to the installation

 Cultivation area 1 km away.

 Population center located 500 m. to the north
 National road next to the landfill, 500m away. To the north, there is also a railway track that
passes next to the landfill.
 Seasonal light precipitation
 Strong ultraviolet radiation during summer
 W-SW component winds
These causes of accidents have also been taken into account when identifying the initiating
events shown below.

Stability issues due to:

 excessive slopes on slopes
 excessive soil slopes
 overflow of the mass of waste over the intended area
 saturation of the waste mass.
Poor management of the gases generated, which can lead to explosions.
Poor sizing of drainage systems .

4.2.2. IDENTIFICATION OF INITIATING EVENTS

In the case of the installations that are the subject of this study, I have considered the following
initiating events to be most relevant, which will subsequently be developed graphically in the
next point of the fault tree.

 Natural disaster:
They are those extreme phenomena of the physical environment that are harmful to man,
either because they constitute a danger to his physical integrity or because of the economic
damage they can generate. These risks can, in some cases, be accelerated or intensified by the
interaction between the uses of the territory and the natural system itself (González
Amuchástegui, 2002).

According to their origin, natural phenomena can be classified as: atmospheric, geological
(especially seismic and volcanic), hydrological, hydrogeological and biological. Hazardous
events can vary in magnitude or intensity, frequency, duration, extension, speed of
appearance, spatial and spatio-temporal dispersion.

 Landfill Overflow:

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 It is the place where piles built with the accumulation of rubble - the overburden or other
waste rock that is removed during the extraction of coal and minerals - are deposited.
These waste materials are typically composed of shale , as well as small amounts of
carboniferous sandstone and other residues. Rubble is distinct from tailings, which is the
processed material that remains after valuable components have been extracted from the
ore. Rubble dumps are not made of slag , but in some areas it is called a slag dump .
They can be defined as "derived from the operation of the productive apparatus, especially
those that refer to the use of dangerous substances and technical systems capable of causing,
through accidents, damage to the population or the environment." (Department of Public
Works and Transport, 1999).

 Seismic risks:

Earthquakes or earthquakes occur due to the movement of the Earth's interior plates, called
tectonic layers. When plates move, collide with each other or deform, they produce energy that
is released in the form of tremors. For this reason, these types of tremors are classified as
tectonic earthquakes.
Some earthquakes or earthquakes can be caused by volcanic processes. When a volcano releases
internal magma to the surface, it generates seismic shocks in the earth.

The Moquegua regions are one of the cities most prone to seismic activity, especially the city of
Ilo. Energy is released in the form of waves, causing the Earth's surface to shake.

 Particle emission:

Although fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil) are part of the main sources of energy, the emissions from
their combustion cause climate changes, since when they are burned, carbon dioxide is released
to the lower layers of the atmosphere where a barrier is formed that traps the heat released by
the earth, generating what is known
as a greenhouse effect. The suspended particles emitted by construction debris are largely the
winds or sea breezes, which cause the particles to rise and fall until a part of the urban
population is already approximately 500m away from the municipal landfill.

 Risk to the health of the population:

 Air quality, noise level, odor generation
 Physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, degree of erosion, soil stability,
modification of soil relief, change in land use.
 Plant cover, diversity (abundance and richness) of flora and fauna, commercial species of
flora and fauna, species under protection of flora and fauna, fauna distribution patterns.
 The greatest environmental effect of solid waste is the contamination of surface and
groundwater.
 Scenic quality of the landscape, microclimate.
 Archaeological and colonial cultural heritage, as well as customs of indigenous peoples
 Geological faults:
In the Moquegua region, as well as other regions of the country, active geological faults capable
of generating earthquakes of up to 7 MW have been recognized. One of these is the Chololo
fault, which crosses the city of Ilo. The Chololo fault was reactivated in 2001 and 2004, generating
earthquakes of moderate magnitude (<5Mw). The geological studies carried out in the area,
supported by tools such as geophysics, allow us to affirm the presence of the fault in the subsoil

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
 of the city of Ilo. On the other hand, models of attenuation of the acceleration of seismic waves
on the surface allow us to delimit the areas with the greatest danger. Finally, this report
concludes that the city of Ilo and its surroundings are exposed to high danger if a reactivation of
the Chololo fault occurs. However, this landfill is located close to this fault and it is possible to use
this information for the planning and elaboration of construction projects, landfills considering
the accelerations of seismic waves at the site.


4.3. CONSEQUENCE SCENARIOS

Once the initiating events have been identified, a possible sequence of events must be established,
a probability assigned to each of the possible alternatives and the damage to the landfill
environment for each of the possible consequences estimated. To analyze the possible
consequences and their probability I have used the “Event Tree” technique, which consists of
evaluating the consequences of possible accidents resulting from the specific failure of an initiating
event.

4.3.1. CONDITIONING FACTORS

Next, I go on to number the different conditioning factors, the conditions that can occur once the
initiating event has been triggered.

Human error, there are not enough personnel in the facilities, and they do not have
adequate training in case an accident occurs.
The management of the center is not the most ideal.
 Occurrence of an event during the day or night. The landfill has no schedule or personnel
to supervise the arrival of debris.
 Adverse meteorological conditions such as wind that raises debris particles. This factor is
of relevant importance due to its proximity to the urban population.

4.3.2. ACCIDENT SCENARIOS

The environment in which we find ourselves does not have an important ecological value.
The river that is located more than 2.5 km. of the landfill area, despite not having a considerable
constant flow, in the rainy months its capacity can more than double.
The population in the area is concentrated in a population center approximately 1000m away.
from the landfill area. The distance is not recommended, but since the prevailing winds in the
area are W-SW, the area may be affected by bad odors or particles suspended in the air.

4.3.3. event tree

The “Event Tree” is a complementary technique to the “Fault Tree”, in which a sequential
diagram is developed from the initiating events to find out everything that can happen and if
preventive measures are sufficient.
Next, in a graphic way to describe the possible accidents

RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
RISK EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT INSTALLATION OF THE MODEL EDUCATIONAL SERVICE OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL OF THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENT VISTA DEL MAR IN THE POPULATION CENTER OF LA PAMPA INALÁMBRICA OF THE DISTRICT OF ILO, MOQUEGUA REGION
4.3.4. Probability Assignment

Based on the methodology that appears in the UNE 150008:2000 EX Standard, I have made an estimate
of the probability, frequency and severity of possible accidents that may occur in the landfill.

The estimation of the consequences must be done for each of the possible accidents described
above and are applied to the natural environment, the human environment and the
socioeconomic environment with the following formulas:

Natural environment:

Quantity + 2 x danger + extension + quality of the environment = severity on the natural environment
Quantity = amount of substance emitted into the environment (concentration of the substance and
duration of the incident).
Dangerousness = intrinsic danger of the substance.
Extension = space of influence of the impact on the considered environment.
Quality of the environment = the affected area and the reversibility of the impact.

Human environment:

Quantity + 2 x danger + extension + affected population = severity on the human environment

Quantity = amount of substance emitted that affects people (concentration of substances and duration of
the incident)
Dangerousness = intrinsic danger of the substance that affects the people considered.
Extension = space of influence of the impact in relation to the population considered.
Affected population = estimated number of people affected. The population density of the affected area
must be taken into account depending on the extent of the impact.

Socioeconomic environment:

Quantity + 2 x danger + extension + assets and productive capital = severity on the socioeconomic
environment.
Quantity = amount of substance emitted into the environment (concentration of the substance and
duration of the incident).
Dangerousness = intrinsic danger of the substance.
Extension = space of influence of the impact on the considered environment.
Heritage and productive capital = valuation of the affected economic and social heritage based on the
extent of the impact.

With these formulas we obtain: Maximum value = 20

Minimum value = 5
 NATURAL DISASTER:

NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROU VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS S DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE POPULATIO VERY
POPULATION N POPULATION
POPULATION POPULATION (5-25 people) ELEVATED
ELEVATED
AFFECTED (5 or less (25-100
(more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGERO VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS US DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIV VERY
EXTENSIVE E EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL

Natural environment: 2+(2x2)+3+3 = 12

Human environment: 3+(2x2)+3+3 = 13
Socioeconomic environment: 3+(2x2)+3+
 LANDFILL OVERFLOW

NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROU VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS S DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE POPULATIO VERY
POPULATION N POPULATION
POPULATION POPULATION (5-25 people) ELEVATED
ELEVATED
AFFECTED (5 or less (25-100
(more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGERO VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS US DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIV VERY
EXTENSIVE E EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL

Natural environment: 3+(2x3)+3+2 = 14

Human environment: 3+(2x3)+3+4 = 16
Socioeconomic environment: 3+(2x3)+3+2 = 14
 SEISMIC RISKS
NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE POPULATION VERY
POPULATION POPULATION POPULATION ELEVATED POPULATION
(5-25 people) ELEVATED
AFFECTED (5 or less (25-100
(more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGERO VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS US DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIV VERY
EXTENSIVE E EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL

Natural environment: 1+(2x4)+2+2 = 13

Human environment: 1+(2x4)+2+2 = 13
Socioeconomic environment: 1+(2x4)+3+2 = 14
 PARTICLE EMISSION
NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROU VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS S DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE HIGH VERY HIGH
AFFECTED POPULATION POPULATION POPULATIO POPULATION
POPULATION (5 or less (5-25 people) N (25-100 (more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGERO VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS US DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIV VERY
EXTENSIVE E EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL

Natural environment: 3+(2x3)+3+2 = 14

Human environment: 4+(2x3)+4+2 = 16
Socioeconomic environment: 4+(2x3)+4+4 =
 RISK TO THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION:
NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROU VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS S DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE POPULATIO VERY
POPULATION N POPULATION
POPULATION POPULATION (5-25 people) ELEVATED
ELEVATED
AFFECTED (5 or less (25-100
(more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGERO VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS US DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIV VERY
EXTENSIVE E EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL

Natural environment: 2+(2x2)+2+2 = 10

Human environment: 3+(2x3)+2+2 = 13
Socioeconomic environment: 2+(2x3)+2+2 = 12
 GEOLOGICAL FAULTS
NATURAL ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY DANGEROUS
DANGEROU DANGEROUS
S
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
EXTENSIVE
MEDIA QUALITY LOW MEDIUM HIGH QUALITY VERY HIGH QUALITY
QUALITY QUALITY

HUMAN ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROU VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS S DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE VERY EXTENSIVE
LOW AVERAGE POPULATIO VERY
POPULATION N POPULATION
POPULATION POPULATION (5-25 people) ELEVATED
ELEVATED
AFFECTED (5 or less (25-100
(more than 100
people) people) people)

SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENT 1 2 3 4
AMOUNT VERY LITTLE LITTLE HIGH VERY HIGH
DANGER NOT LITTLE DANGEROUS VERY
DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS
EXTENSION PUNCTUAL LITTLE EXTENSIVE VERY
EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE
EQUITY AND
CAPITAL VERY LOW LOW HIGH VERY HIGH
PRODUCTIVE

Natural environment: 3+(2x3)+2+2 = 14

Human environment: 2+(2x3)+2+1 = 11
Socioeconomic environment: 3+(2x3)+2+
4.4. RISK ESTIMATION

Once the probability of each of the possible accidents and their consequences have been estimated,
always for the most unfavorable situation, a risk estimate is made.

Table with severity estimation values

ASSESSMENT ASSIGNED VALUE

CRITICAL 20-18 Gravity of 5

SERIOUS 17-15 Gravity 4

MODERATE 14-11 Gravity 3

MILD 10-8 Gravity 2

NOT RELEVANT 7-5 Gravity of 1

Table with the probability/frequency values of occurrence of a certain accident

PROBABILITY/FREQUENCY Assessment

Very likely < once a month 5

Once a month > highly probable > once a year 4

Once a year > probable > once every 10 years 3

Once every 10 years > possible > once every 50 years 2

Once every 50 years > unlikely …………… 1

Probability for each of the possible accidents:

 Gas Control: 3
 Landfill Overflow: 3
 Lack of Order and Cleanliness: 4
 Dam Break: 2
 Electrical Risk: 3
 Geological Faults: 2

Following the methodology of the UNE 150008:2000 EX Standard “the estimate consists, for each
scenario, of multiplying the probability (1-5) by the severity of the consequences (1-5), resulting in a value
between 1 and 25. , with 1 being the lowest risk and 25 being the highest risk”, the following values are
obtained:
  Gas Control: 9
 Landfill Overflow: 9 for the natural and socioeconomic environment and 12 for the human
environment.
 Lack of order and cleanliness: 12
 Breakage of Dams: 9 for the natural environment, 12 human environment and 16
socioeconomic environment
 Electrical Risk: 6 for the natural environment, 9 human environment and socioeconomic
environment
 Geological Faults: 6 for the natural environment, human environment and socioeconomic
environment

4.5. RISK ASSESSMENT

Following the methodology that appears in the UNE Standard: 150008:2000 EX, three double-entry tables
must be prepared, one for each environment, in which each of the previously estimated scenarios must
appear. The probability and frequency of each scenario and the consequences in each environment are
indicated in each table.

Below is the table that shows the probability and severity values of the consequences for the
environment in each of the scenarios.

SEVERITY SEVERITY SEVERITY

SCENERY PROBABILITY CONSEQUENCES CONSEQUENCES CONSEQUENCES
ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT
NATURAL HUMAN SOCIOECONOMIC
Gas Control
3 3 3 3

Landfill Overflow
(E2) 3 3 4 3

Lack of order
and cleanliness 3 3 3 3
(E3)

Dam Break
(E4) 2 3 4 5

Electric risk
(E5)
3 4 4 5
Geological faults
(E6) 2 2 3 3
Applying the formula Risk = Probability x severity of consequences , results in a table where risk values
are estimated for each of the scenarios.

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK HUMAN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

SCENERY NATURAL RISK SOCIOECONOMIC

E1 9 9 9
E2 9 12 9
E3 9 9 9
E4 6 8 10
E5 12 12 15
E6 4 6 6

As a result, the following tables are obtained:

VERY HIGH RISK (21-25)

HIGH RISK (16-20)
MEDIUM RISK (11-15)
MODERATE RISK (6-10)
LOW RISK (1-5)
NATURALENVIRONMENTRISK

GRAVITY
1 2 3 4 5
PROBABILI
TY

E6 E4
2

E5
3 E1 E3 E2

HUMANENVIRONMENTRISK

GRAVITY

1 2 3 4 5
PROBABILITY

E6 E4
2

E5
3 E1 E3
E2

5
SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT RISK

GRAVITY
1 2 3 4 5
PROBABILIT
Y

E6
2 E4

E5
3 E1 E E3
2

The landfill has a moderate-medium risk, it is between values 4-15, in general terms for all the scenarios
described. The probability of a serious accident occurring at the landfill that affects the environment is
low, but not unlikely.

The risk for the elements of the socioeconomic environment is greater; in the event of an accident, the
most affected area would be the population is located at a considerable distance so it would not be
greatly affected.

In the case of the natural environment, the most serious consequences would be traffic accidents that are
at a considerable distance from the probability.

It would be interesting to implement a series of preventive measures in the construction work, to

minimize the risks so that once the debris from excavation and demolition activities is generated, it must
be separated and classified in order to reuse the technically suitable material and the surplus. It will be
removed from the construction site to be transported to the authorized sites for final disposal.
 5. CONCLUSIONS

The D.S. 003-2013- HOUSING. Indicates that the provincial municipalities, in coordination with the district
municipalities, the Health Authority of the corresponding jurisdiction and other competent sectoral
authorities, evaluate and identify the geographical spaces in their jurisdiction that can be used for the
location of solid waste final disposal infrastructures. of origin of construction and demolition activities.

Solid waste is collected from the construction site, Asia the landfill. In the case of this study, I have not
made an economic assessment as the topic is too complex and I do not have enough information. I would
need a more in-depth study on the characteristics of the environment, a study of the plots and the uses
that are developed on them. and a greater appreciation of the natural species of the environment and
the fauna that inhabits it, etc.

Currently, the municipality does not have an Ordinance that approves the Management and Disposal of
Debris Resulting from the execution of Civil Works in the Ilo district, for the Application of Administrative
Sanctions and the Table of Municipal Administrative Infractions and Sanctions

According to the ordinance, it indicates the location of where construction waste must be deposited. This
is located on the Binational highway. There is a free space there to deposit construction waste.