Concept map of radioactivity

Prof. NATIVIDAD ORDOÑO ALCA

It has different applications

They may be
radioactivity
Property that the nuclei of certain atoms have of spontaneously disintegrating, emitting particles and
electromagnetic radiation. Natural phenomenon of certain atoms changing their structure. Antoine-Henri
Becquerel became the “father of nuclear energy” why he discovered radioactivity in the U the French couple
formed by Pierre and Marie deduced the element Po and Ra

It is generated by some radioactive They produce or emit three

atoms that produce nuclear reactions
types of different radiation
such as:
NATURAL ARTIFICIAL

GAMMA radiation (¥)

ALPHA (α) particles BETA (β) particles neutral charge
Positive charge (+2) Negative charge ( - 1) electromagnetic
It is produced by Mass = 1uma Mass = 0 amu Neutrons (Electromagnetic
It occurs naturally in the Helium Cores (ION) Electrons Radiation)
external agents No mass, no charge
nucleus of the atom Not very penetrating penetrating
Very penetrating

SOURCE OF ENERGY: In the nuclear power plant,

energy is obtained by taking advantage of the fission
Nuclear fission : splitting of a heavy nucleus into of radioactive isotopes. UY Pu Fuel
Nuclear fusion: union of two lighter nuclei into a
two lighter ones with higher binding energy by one
heavier one, with higher binding energy per
nucleon. Produces great release of energy
nucleon. Produces great release of energy Scientific investigations and experiments:
- to determine seniority C 14
Nuclear fission is the reaction in which the nucleus of a heavy atom, upon -In research they use them as trackers to know how
Nuclear fusion, which is the opposite of fission, is focused on the union of
capturing an incident neutron, splits into two or more nuclei of lighter atoms, chemical reactions occur in living organisms.
atomic nuclei of the same or different elements, to consequently obtain much
called fission products , emitting neutrons, gamma rays and large quantities in -forensic investigations to detect residues of monition or
heavier atoms. Although these synthetic atoms are often unstable and last for a
the process. of energy . other substances involved
fraction of a second

An example of the application of nuclear fission is present

in atomic bombs. An example of the applications of fusion is the constant obtaining of energy release,
MEDICAL TREATMENTS:
-Nuclear energy as is the case of the Sun, which due to its thermal and pressure conditions, - DIAGNOSING SOME DISEASES, radioisotopes
-Nuclear weapons facilitate fusion, and therefore the atoms of the elements present in the star. , fused are introduced into the organisms (drinking or
-Creation of radioisotopes that will be massically inferior, will release the difference in the sum of the previous injecting) of the patients.
-Thermonuclear Generators atoms as energy. - TO CURE CERTAIN TYPES OF CANCER by
administering radioisotopes