Lamination Process
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ScribdTranslationsLamination Process
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ScribdTranslationsLAMINATION PROCESS
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Definition of Processes
Lamination, what is it?
The rolling process is a forming method by which steel is
subjected to average temperatures of 1160ºC in a furnace
for approximately two hours, subsequently undergoing
successive reductions in a continuous rolling mill, as a result
of passing through the boxes. composed of rolling cylinders,
the products are formed [
required, according to a specific design.
Types of Laminate
• Hot rolling
It is used for casting structures, commonly dendritic (metallic
crystal-shaped), which includes large and non-uniform grains,
which is why the structure is more fragile and contains porosities. It
must be carried out at a temperature higher than the
recrystallization temperature of the metal; allowing the cast
structure to be transformed into a laminated structure.
It is carried out for aluminum alloys and alloy steels. Temperatures
between 0.3 and 0.5 times the fusion temperature are handled.
The first hot rolled products are billet and slab.
• cold rolling
The cold rolling process is carried out at room
temperature.
Unlike the hot rolling process, it produces sheets and
strips with a better surface finish because there is no
presence of calamine.
In addition, there are better dimensional tolerances
and better mechanical properties due to strain
hardening.
Process description according to
phases
• Preheating
Rolling begins with heating the billet in the reheating oven at a
working temperature that varies between 1100ºC and 1200°C.
This generates a surface layer called “scale” which must be
removed with high-pressure water and start the lamination
process in roughing.
• Roughing train
Composed of continuous lamination boxes. These are
what make a major change in the dimensions of the
billet, reducing the
section of it, thus
forming the bars
and profiles,
according to the
type of finishing
roller that has been
placed, and
according to the
length that is
desired to obtain.
• Laminate
The transformation process is carried out hot,
which is why it is necessary to raise the
temperature of the slabs in a reheating oven
until the appropriate initial temperature is
achieved, which can range between 800 °C
and 1150 °C.
Depending on the heat treatment to which the
sheet metal is subjected during the lamination
process, two types of lamination are
distinguished: normal lamination and controlled
lamination.
• Cooled
Subsequently, the products go to a cooling table where
they naturally reduce their temperature to 200 °C. On
the cooling table, samples from the production batch
are taken for the quality laboratory.
• Packing and tying
At the end of the cooling table is the shear that cuts the
rods or profiles that are being rolled to commercial
size. These are tied and labeled to later store them in
the finished product warehouse and plan their
distribution in the market. , properly packaged and
labeled, with a barcode that allows knowing its
characteristics, thus avoiding errors in delivery and
guaranteeing total control of the quality of the product.
Applications
• Steel bars
Structural steel bars are pieces
of rolled steel, the cross section of which can be
circular, hexagonal or square in all sizes.
• Planks
Structural steel plates are hot-rolled flat steel products with
widths of 203 mm and 219 mm, and
thicknesses greater than 5.8 mm and
greater than 4.5 mm, respectively.
In profile rolling, the work material is
deformed and a contour is generated in
the cross section. Products made by
this procedure include construction
profiles such as I-profiles, L-profiles,
and U-channels;
rails for railway tracks and round and square bars, as well as rods.
The process is carried out by passing the work material through
rollers that have the reverse side printed in the desired shape.
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