Mathematics Practice Set Part I- Percentage

a) Note: If the value of a number is first increase

1. If x is 80% of y , what percent of x is y by x% and later decreased by x% , then net
;fn y dk 80% ] x gS] rks x dk fdruk izfr”kr y gS\ change is always a decrease which is equal to
a) 75% c) 100% x2
%
b) 80% d) 125% 100

(d) According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½] uksV% ;fn fdlh la[;k dk eku igys x% c<+k fn;k tkrk
gSA vkSj ckn esa fQj x% ?kVk fn;k tkrk gS] rks la[;k ds
80 4
x yx y x2
100 5 eku es ges”kk % ds cjkcj deh gksxhA
100
Re quired ¼vHkh’V½
y 5 100 Hence, Required change in salary ¼osru esa vHkh’V
% 100   125%
4 4 (20) 2
y ifjorZu½   4%decrease
5 100
2. If 120 is 20% of a number, then 120% of that
number will be: 4. X ' s income is 20% more than that of Y . What
fdlh la[;k dk 20% , 120 gS] rks ml la[;k dk 120% percent is Y ' s income less than X ?
fdruk gksxk\ x dh vk; y ls 20% vf/kd gS] rks y dh vk; ls x
a) 20 c) 480 fdrus izfr”kr de gS\
b) 120 d) 720 1 2
a) 83 % c) 83 %
3 3
(d) Let the number ¼ekuk fd la[;k½ 2 1
b) 16 % d) 16 %
According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½] 3 3

20 1
20% 
x  120 (b) 5
100
x  600 Income

Required answer ¼vfHk’V mŸkj½

120
 600   720
100
3. Salary of a person is first increased by 20% , then
it is decreased by 20% . Then the percentage 1 2
Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½  100  16 %
change in his salary is: 6 3
,d O;fDr dk osru igys 20% c<+k fn;k tkrk gS] fQj
Alternate ¼oSdfYid fof/k½%
20% ?kVk fn;k tkrk gS] rks mlds osru eas fdrus izfr”kr
dk ifjorZu gqvk\ 20 2
Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½  100  16 %
a) 4% decreased (100  20) 3
b) 8% decreased
c) 8% increased 1
5. 0.15% of 33 % of Rs.10000 is :
d) 20% increased 3
 1 240
# 10000 ds 33 dk 0.15% fdruk gksxk\  100  600
3 40
a) Rs.5 c) Rs.0.05
8. 30% of x is 72 . The value of x is:
b) Rs.150 d) Rs.105
x dk 30%, 72 gS rks x dk eku Kkr djsa\
(a) Required answer ¼vHkh’V mŸkj½ a) 216 c) 480
1 15 b) 240 d) 640
 Rs.10000    Rs.5
3 100 100
6. The sum of the number of boys and girls in a b)
30
school is 150 . If the number of boys is x , the  x  72
number of girls becomes x% of the total number 100
of students. The number of boys is: 72 100
,d fo|ky; esa yM+ds rFkk yM+fd;kas dk ;ksx 150 gSA ;fn x  240
30
yM+dks dh la[;k x gS] rks yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k yM+ds rFkk
yM+fd;ksa dh dqy la[;k dk x% gks tkrh gS] rks yM+dksa dh 9. If A exceeds B by 40% , B is less than C by
dqy la[;k Kkr djsa\ 20% then A : C is:
a) 90 c) 25 ;fn A, B ls 40% vf/kd gS vkSj B, C ls 20% de
b) 75 d) 60 gS] rks A : C D;k gksxk\
(d) Number of boys ¼yM+dkas dh la[;k½  x a) 28 : 25 c) 14 : 27
b) 26 : 25 d) 27 :14
Number of girls ¼yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k½  (150  x) 2 1
(a) 40%  , 20% 
According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½] 5 5
x Case (i ) A : B
 150   (150  x)
100 7: 5
 3x  300  2 x Case (ii) B : C
 5x  300 4: 5
 x  60 A: B  7: 5
Hence, the required number of boys ¼yM+dksa dh
vHkh’V la[;k½  60
7. In an examination a candidate must secure 40%
marks to pass. A candidate, who gets 220 marks, Hence, Required ratio ¼vfHk’V vuqikr½
fails by 20 marks. Find the maximum marks for A : C  28: 25
the examination?
,d ijh{kk eas mŸkh.kZ gksus ds fy, 40% vad vfuok;Z gSA 10. In a school 70% of the students are girls. The
,d izfr;ksxh dks 220 vad izkIr gksrs gS vkSj og 20 vadksa number of boys are 510 . Then the total number
ls vlQy gks tkrk gS] rks ijh{kk es vf/kdre vad fdrus Fks\ of students in the school is:
a) 1200 c) 600 ,d fo|ky; eas 70% fo|kFkhZ yM+fd;k¡ gSA yM+dksa dh
b) 300 d) 450 la[;k 510 gS] rks Ldwy eas dqy fdrus fo|kFkhZ gS\
a) 850 c) 1830
(c) According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½] b) 1700 d) 1900
Pass marks ¼mŸkh.kkZad½  (220  20)  240
(b) Girls’s % ¼yM+fd;ksa dk % ½  70%
40%  240 Boys’s % ¼yM+dkasa dk % ½  (100  70)%  30%
Maximum marks ¼vf/kdre vad½ (100%) According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½]
 30% of students ¼Nk=ksa dk 30% ½  510
Total number of students in school ¼fo|ky; esa Nk=ksa
510
dh la[;k½  100  1700
30
10 1
11. When 60 is subtracted from 60% of a number, Required % 100  11 %
90 9
the result is 60 . The number is:
fdlh la[;k ds 60% esa ls 60 ?kVkus ij ifj.kke vkrk gS] 1
13. If the income of Ram is 12 % more than that of
rks la[;k D;k gS\ 2
a) 120 c) 180 Shyam, the income of Shyam is less than that of
b) 150 d) 200 Ram by?
1
;fn jke dh vk;] “;ke ls 12 % vf/kd gS] rks “;ke dh
2
(d) Note: In percentage always assume date. vk; jke ls fdrus izfr”kr de gS\
Which make your Calculation easier. 1 1
a) 11 % c) 9 %
uksV% izfr”krrk eas ges”kk mUgha rF;ksa dks ekus tks vkidh 9 11
x.kuk dks vklku cukrs gksAa 1 1
b) 12 % d) 11 %
8 11
3
60% 
5 1 1 9 Ram ' sIncome
(a) 12 %  
Let the number ekuk fd la[;k  5x 2 8 8Shyam 's Income
According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½ According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½]
3 Ratio of Income
 5 x   60  60
5
120
x  40
3
Hence, Required number
 5x  5  40  200
1 1
12. The price of an article is decreased by 10% . To Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½  100  11 %
restore its former value the new price must be 9 9
increased by: 14. Two number are respectively 25% and 20% less
fdlh oLrq ds ewY; eas 10% dh deh vk tkrh gS] rks igys than a third number. What percent is the first
ds ewY; dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, u;s ewY; esa fdrus izfr”kr number of the second?
dh o`f) djuh gksxh\
nks la[;k,¡ rhljh la[;k ls Øe”k% 25% rFkk 20% de
1
a) 10% c) 11 % gS] rks igyh la[;k] nwljh la[;k dk fdruk izfr”kr gS\
8 3 2
1 a) 83 % c) 80 %
b) 11% d) 11 % 4 3
9 4 3
10 b) 92 % d) 93 %
(d) Required % ¼vfHk’V % ½  100 5 4
(100  10) (d) Let the third number is 100
10 1 ekuk fd rhljh la[;k 100
 100  11 %
90 9
According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½
Alternate:
  x  160
17. A number is increased by 20% and then it is
decreased by 10% . Find the net increase or
75 3 decrease percent.
Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½  100  93 % ,d la[;k dks igys 20% c<+k;k tkrk gSA vkSj fQj 10%
80 4
?kVk;k tkrk gS] rks izfr”kr deh ;k o`f) Kkr djsa\
15. If food prices go up by 10% , by how much a) 10% increase c) 8% increase
should a man reduce his consumption so as not to b) 10% decrease d) 8% decrease
increase his expenditure?
;fn Hkkstu ds ewY; esa o`f) gks tkrh gS] rks ,d O;fDr viuh
[kir eas fdrus izfr”kr dh dVkSrh djs fd [kpZ u c<+s\ (c) Note: In such type of questions to save your
1 valuable time you can use below given formula.
a) 9 % uksV% bl rjg ds iz”uksa esa vius le; dh cpr ds fy, vki
11
uhps fn, bls fu;e dks viuk ldrs gSA
1
b) 11 %
9
c) 10%
XY
d) the data is not sufficient Net effect %  X  Y 
100
Always use +ve sign for increment –ve sign
(a) Required answer ¼vHkh’V mŸkj½]
for decrement
10 100 1
 100  %9 % Required answer
(100  10) 11 11 20 10
 20  10   10  2  8%
16. If 80% of A  50% of B and B  x% of A , then 100
the value of x is : Hence, Net q% Increment  8%
;fn A dk 80%  B dk 50% gS vkSj B  A dk x% gS]
rks x dk eku Kkr djsAa 18. If a number x is 10% less than another number y
a) 400 c) 160 and y is 10% more than 125 , then x is equal to :
b) 300 d) 150 ;fn ,d la[;k x, nwljh la[;k y ls 10% de gS vkSj
y, 125 ls 10% vf/kd gS] rks x fdlds cjkcj gS\
(c) 80% of A  50% of B a) 150 c) 140.55
b) 143 d) 123.75
80 50
 A B
100 100
 8 A  5B (d) According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½]

 A B
5 125 10
8 y  125   137.5
100
Put value of A in given equation, fn, x, 137.5 10
lehdj.k eas A dk eku j[kus ij] x  137.5 
100
 B  x% of A
x  137.5  13.75
x 5
B  B x  123.75
100 8
100  8 19. If 50% of ( x  y)  30% of ( x  y) , then what
x
5 percent of x is y ?
 ;fn ( x  y) dk 50%  ( x  y) dk 30% gS] y, x u;s ctV eas dSjkslhu rsy dk ewY; 25% c<+ tkrk gSA ,d
dk fdruk izfr”kr gS\ O;fDr dks viuh [kir esa fdrus izfr”kr dh dVkSrh djuh
gksxh fd dsjkslhu ij dqy [kpZ vifjofrZr jgs\
a) 25% c) 40%
a) 20% c) 50%
1
b) 33 % d) 400% b) 25% d) 40%
3
(a) 50( x  y)  30( x  y) (a) Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½
25
 5 x  5 y  3x  3 y  100  20%
(100  25)
 2x  8 y
22. The ratio of the number of boys and girls in a
x  4y
college is 3: 2 . If 20% of boys and 25% of girls
y 1 are adults, the percentage of those students who
Required % (vfHk’V) = 100  100  25% are not adults is:
x 4
,d dkWyst eas yM+ds rFkk yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k dk vuqikr
20. If 60% of the students in a school are boys and 3: 2 gSA ;fn 20% yM+ds rFkk 25% yM+fd;k¡ o;Ld gS]
the number of girls is 972 , how many boys are rks fdrus izfr”kr Nk= o;Ld ugha gS\
there in the school? a) 58% c) 78%
;fn fo|ky; esa 60% Nk= yM+ds gS rFkk yM+fd;kas dh b) 67.5% d) 82.5%
la[;k 972 gS] rks fo|ky; eas fdrus yM+ds gS\
c) Note: In such type of questions assume the
a) 1258 c) 1324
values of ratio as per your need or which
b) 1458 d) 1624
make your calculation easier, but the ratio of
values should not be changed.
(b) Required number of the Boys uksV% bl rjg ds iz”uksa eas vuqikr dk eku viuh t:jr
972 972 ds eqrkfcd ekus ;k tks eku vkidh x.kuk dks vklku
  60   60  1458
(100  60) 40 cukrs gks] mUgsa ekusA ysfdu /;ku j[ks fd vuqikr ds eku
es dksbZ cnyko u gksA
Required number of boys  1458 Let number of boys ¼yM+dks dh la[;k½
Alternate:¼oSdfYid fof/k½%  300
Number of girls ¼yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k½
Ratio of No. Boys and Girls  200

Girls (100%  60%)

Ratio of Boys and girls
Boys
60% 40%
3 2
Girls  2 unit 972

972 Not adults

1 unit  486
2 ¼O;Lr ugha½

Boys  3 unit 3  486  1458

21. In the new budget, the price of kerosene oil rose

by 25% . By how much percent must a person
reduce his consumption of kerosene oil so that his
expenditure on it does not increase?
 390 Note: In such type of questions to make your
Required % ¼vHkh’V % ½  100  78%
(300  200) calculation easier assume number which is
multiple of 5.
23. In a class 60% of the students pass in Hindi and bl rjg ds iz”uksa es viuh x.kuk dks vklku cukus ds
45% pass in Sanskrit. If 25% of them pass in fy, ogh la[;k ekus tks 5 dk xq.kt gksA
both subjects, what percentage of the students Let the number ¼ekuk dh la[;k½  5x
fails in both the subjects? According to the question ¼iz”ukuqlkj½
,d d{kk eas Nk= 60% fganh eas lQy rFkk 45% Nk=  80 
lald`r eas lQy gksrs gSA ;fn muesa ls 25% Nk= nksuksa 5 x  100  4 x 
fo’k;kas esa lQy gksrs gS] rks nksukas fo’k;ksa esa fdus izfr”kr Nk= 4 x  80  5x
vlQy gq,\
x  80
a) 80% c) 20%
b) 75% d) 25% Required number ¼vfHk’V la[;k½
 5x  80  5  400
(c) Percentage of students passed in Hindi 25. Price of sugar rises by 20% . By how much
 60% percent should the consumption of sugar be
reduced so that the expenditure does not change?
fgUnh esa mŸkh.kZ Nk=ksa dk %  60%
phuh ds ewY;ksa eas 20% dh o`f) gks tkrh gS] rks phuh ds
Percentage of passed in Sanskrit  45% [kir dks fdruk izfr”kr de djuk gksxk rkfd phuh ij [kpZ
vifjofrZr jgs\
laLd`r esa mŸkh.kZ Nk=ksa dk %  45% 2
a) 20% c) 16 %
Percentage of students passed in both 3
subjects  25% b) 10% d) 15%

nksuksa fo’k;ksa esa mŸkh.kZ Nk=ksa dk %  25% 1 IncreaseIn Pr ice

20 
(c) 5 Initial Pr ice

Initial Price Final Price

¼vkjafEHkd ewY;½ ¼vkf[kjh ewY;½
5 6
-1
Hence, Required reduction
Percentage of failed students ¼vuqŸkh.kZ
1  2
Nk=ksa dk izfr”kr % ½   100   16 %
 100  (35  25  20) 6  3
1  2
vr% vHkh’V dVkSrh   100   16 %
 100  80  20% 6  3

24. If 80% of a number added to 80 gives the result ;fn fpuh dk ewY; 20% c<+ x;k gks rFkk [kpkZ
as the number itself, than the number is: vifjofrZr jgs rks ekuk fpuh dk vkjafHkd ewY; 5 : gS
;fn fdlh la[;k ds 80% esa 80 tksM+k tkrk gS] rks izkIr rks u;k ewY; 6: gks x;k rks ge mldk dqy [kpZ eku
ifj.kke la[;k ds cjkcj gS] rks la[;k D;k gS\ ysrs gS tks 5 o 6 nksuksa ls Hkkx gks tk, vFkkZr~ 5 o 6 dk
a) 200 c) 400 LCM = 30
b) 300 d) 500
4
80% 
(c) 5
 (ii) ;fn izFke eku] nwljs eku ls r% vf/kd gks] rks
 r 
blwjk eku] igys eku ls  100 % de
100  r 
gksx
s kA
Required answer ¼vHkh’V mŸkj½
20 2
 100  16 %
100  20  3
vr% ;fn [kpkZ leku j[kuk gksd rks ftl vuqikr esa
ewY; eas ifjorZu gksxk mlds myVs vuqikr esa [kir eas
ifjorZu gksxkA
vr% bl izdkj ds iz”uks dks djus dk lcls rjhdk ;g gS
fd vkjafHkd ewY; (initial price) eas 100: eku ys rFkk
ewy [kir (original consumption) 1 fdyksxzke
eklu ysa rks bl izdkj ewy [kpZ (original
expenditure) 100 : gks tk,xk rFkk bl izdkj tks
ifjorZu ewY; eas gksxk ogha ifjorZu [kpZ eas gh gksxkA
D;kafs d [kir dks rk geus 1 fdyksxzke gh ekukA
vr% ewy [kpZ

20 2
100  16 %
120 3
Note: (i) if the price of a commodity decrease
by r%, then increase in consumption, so as
not to decrease expenditure on this item is.
(ii) If first value is r% more than the second
 r 
value, then the second is  100 %
100  r 
less than the first value.
uksV % (i) ;fn fdlh dk ewY; r% dh deh gksrh gS] rks
[kpZ eas dksbZ deh u gks blds fy, miHkksx
 r 
100  r 100 % dks c<+kuk gksxkA