UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

*9367560015*

9700/05

BIOLOGY
Paper 5 Planning, Analysis and Evaluation

October/November 2007
1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiners Use

1
2
3
Total

This document consists of 7 printed pages and 1 blank page.

SP SJF4461 T50042/4 (R)
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1

The procedure below was used to immobilise a culture of unicellular algae in alginate
beads.

A concentrated culture of algae was mixed with sodium alginate solution.

A syringe without a plunger was clamped above a beaker of calcium chloride solution.
The mixture of algae and sodium alginate was poured into the barrel of the syringe and
allowed to drip into calcium chloride solution.
The calcium chloride solution was swirled gently so balls were formed.
After 15 minutes the balls of immobilised algae were washed in distilled water.

(a) These balls of immobilised algae and hydrogen carbonate indicator solution were used
to test the hypothesis:
The rate of photosynthesis varies with the intensity of light.
(i)

Sketch a graph of the results that you would expect from this investigation.

[2]
(ii)

Suggest three ways in which the independent variable might be varied.

1. ...............................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................
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3. ...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [3]

(iii)

State one reason why the algal balls were washed in distilled water.
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]

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(b) Hydrogen carbonate indicator is sensitive to pH changes.

For
Examiners
Use

Fig. 1.1 shows the range of colours.

atmospheric carbon dioxide (0.03%)

yellow

orange

red

increasing carbon dioxide

concentration in indicator solution

magenta

purple

decreasing carbon dioxide

concentration in indicator solution

Fig. 1.1
(i)

Describe how hydrogen carbonate indicator could be used to measure the

dependent variable.
..................................................................................................................................
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............................................................................................................................. [3]

(ii)

State how
reliability of measurement can be achieved,
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
accuracy of measurement can be achieved.
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............................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 12]

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2

Students were asked to drink coffee to test the hypothesis that caffeine decreases reaction
time.
The coffee was made by dissolving 2 g of instant coffee in 200 cm3 of hot water.
A computer programme was used to measure their reaction time before and after drinking
the coffee.
Table 2.1 shows the results of this investigation.
Table 2.1

(a) (i)

subject

age

sex

15

reaction time / ms
before coffee

after coffee

male

0.17

0.16

17

female

0.15

0.17

19

female

0.18

0.15

16

male

0.19

0.17

17

male

0.14

0.12

20

male

0.17

0.14

18

male

0.21

0.15

16

female

0.17

0.16

Calculate, to the nearest whole number, the percentage difference in the mean
reaction time due to coffee intake.

............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)

Identify the dependent and independent variable in this investigation.

dependent ................................................................................................................
independent ........................................................................................................ [2]

(iii)

Identify three uncontrolled variables in this investigation.

1. ...............................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................
3. .......................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Discuss the extent to which these results support the hypothesis.
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..................................................................................................................................... [4]
[Total: 8]

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3

(a) Grassland, grazed by goats, was compared to grassland ungrazed for varying amounts
of time. Moths were trapped, their numbers counted and then the moths were released.
The effect of grazing on a species of rare moth was investigated. A chi-squared ( 2)
test was used to test the significance of the results obtained.

(i)

State the null hypothesis.

............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Complete Table 3.1 to calculate the value of

2 = (O E E)

2 from the equation below.

O = Observed result
E = Expected result

Table 3.1
site

grazed for 2 years

36

ungrazed for 10 years

90

ungrazed for 30 years

114

(O E)2

(O E)2
E

2 = ............................................ [4]
Table 3.2 shows some chi-squared values.
Table 3.2

degrees of freedom

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probability greater than

0.10

0.05

0.01

0.001

2.71

3.84

6.64

10.83

4.60

5.99

9.21

13.82

6.25

7.82

11.34

16.27

7.78

9.49

13.28

18.46

10

15.99

18.31

23.21

29.59

20

28.40

31.41

37.57

45.31

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(b) (i)

State the number of degrees of freedom. ............................................................ [1]

2.

(ii)

State the probability of the value calculated for

(iii)

Explain the significance of these results and suggest the consequences to this
species of moth if grazing land is increased.

............................................ [1]

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............................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 10]

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