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Spring 2024 - BT302 - 2 Assignment Effort by ... Umar

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46 views

Spring 2024 - BT302 - 2 Assignment Effort by ... Umar

2024℅™®%©

Uploaded by

munirayesha810
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment No.

BT302 Spring 2024

Total Marks: 10
Due date: 24th-June-2024
Instructions:

 Make sure that you upload the solution before due date. No assignment will be
accepted through e-mail after the due date.

Formatting guidelines

 Use the font style “Times New Roman” and font size “12”.
 Use black and blue font colours only.
Solution guidelines

 To solve this assignment, you should have good command over lectures 83 to 92
 This is not a group assignment; it is an individual assignment so be careful and avoid
copying others’ work
 Give the answer according to question only and avoid irrelevant details.

Please note that your assignment will not be graded if:

 It is submitted after due date


 The file you uploaded is copied from someone else
 Cheating or copying of assignment is strictly prohibited. The cheated or copied assignment
will be marked ‘Zero’.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question. A new pathogen enters the human body, and the immune system is activated. B-
cells and T-cells must recognize this pathogen to mount an effective response. Which of the
following scenarios correctly describes how B-cell receptors (BCRs) and T-cell receptors
(TCRs) recognize antigens?

A. BCRs bind to antigen fragments indirectly, while TCRs bind directly to antigens on
the pathogen's surface.

B. BCRs bind directly to antigens on the pathogen's surface, while TCRs bind to
antigen fragments indirectly.

C. Both BCRs and TCRs bind directly to antigens on the pathogen's surface.

D. Only TCRs will bind the pathogen.

Choose the correct answer and justify your answer with explanation. Without
explanation, your answer will not be considered.

Solution:
The correct answer is:
B. BCRs bind directly to antigens on the pathogen's surface, while TCRs bind to antigen
fragments indirectly.

Explanation:

- **BCRs (B-cell receptors)**: BCRs are membrane-bound immunoglobulin molecules


(antibodies) on the surface of B-cells. They bind directly to antigens (typically proteins or
large molecules) on the surface of pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses.

- **TCRs (T-cell receptors)**: TCRs are found on the surface of T-cells. Unlike BCRs,
TCRs do not bind directly to intact antigens on the pathogen's surface. Instead, TCRs
recognize small peptide fragments of antigens that are displayed on the surface of infected or
antigen-presenting cells, bound to MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules.
This recognition is indirect because TCRs do not directly interact with the intact pathogen.

Therefore, option B accurately describes the roles of BCRs and TCRs in antigen recognition
during an immune response.

Effort by: Umar


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