M.M.

ENGINEERING COLLEGE
w.e.f. July 2019 (Batches 2018 onwards)
Branch/Course: Biotechnology
B.Tech. 3rd Semester (Biotechnology)
Course Type Course Title Teaching Schedule
Sr. Code L T P Total Credits
No. contac
t
Hrs.
1. BBIO- 502 Core Fundamentals of Microbiology 2 1 - 3 3

2. BBIO -503 Core Biochemistry 2 1 - 3 3

3. BBIO -504 Core Cell Biology 2 1 - 3 3

4. BBIO- 505 Core Genetics 2 1 - 3 3

5. BBIO-506 Core Microbiology Practical - - 2 2 1

6. BBIO-507 Core Bio-Chemistry Practical - - 2 2 1

7. BBIO-508 Core Cell Biology Practical - - 2 2 1

8. BBIO-509 Core Genetics Practical - - 2 2 1

9. BBIO-510 Core Fermentation Technology (P) - - 2 2 1

10. BBIO-511 Foundat Introduction to Biotechnology 2 1 - 3 3

ion
11. BBIO-512 General Industrial Training -I - - 2 2 2

Total 10 5 12 27 22

*One course of three credits (SWAYAM)

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 Syllabus of B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.

Fundamentals of Microbiology

BBIO- 502

3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theor Practic L T P Cr
y al 2 1 - 3
Total Marks 100 -
End Semester 60 -
Exam
Sessionals 40 -
Credits 3 -

Note: Question paper is divided in to four sections A, B, C and D. Section A is

compulsory and comprises of 12 questions of one mark each, 3 from each unit. The
questions should not be direct having one word answer, fill in the blanks or multiple
choice questions. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks each, one from each
unit. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 4 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Section D comprises of 4 questions of 6 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Duration of exam shall be 3 hours and maximum marks shall be 60.
Course Objectives:

1. The physiology, biochemistry, and genetics of microorganisms, including topics

such as structure, function, diversity, metabolism, and the genetics of metabolic
regulation;
2. The immune response and disease-causing microorganisms, including aspects
of the humoral, cell-mediated and non-specific immune responses, as well as
the molecular basis for pathogenesis;
3. The taxonomic, ecological, and genetic relationships among microorganisms,
including such topics as nutrient cycling, microbial diversity, and the

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 biotechnological application of microorganisms to solve environmental
problems.
4. Provide detailed information on the most up to date methods for the study of
microbial communities.

UNIT I
General Introduction to Microbiological terms. History of Microbiology and its
development. Description of Different Branches of Microbiology and their applications.
Classification in Microbiology: Taxonomy, Parameters used for classification.
Methods to identify microbes and help in their classification including modern
molecular probes and techniques.

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 UNIT II

Microbial Diversity; Basic Difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Structural

and Morphological differences between major classes: Bacteria, Fungus, Algae,
Protozoa and Viruses. Cultivation, maintenance and isolation of
microorganisms-methods used to culture, isolate and preserve pure cultures.
Sterilization techniques theory and equipment used.
UNIT III
Microbial Growth Kinetics and Metabolic Pathways: Studies on growth and kinetics.
Different Metabolic Pathways (Catabolic, Anabolic and Amphibolic). Types of
fermentation reactions. Microbial Reproduction: Asexual and Sexual reproduction
methods. Other methods of DNA transfer such as recombination, transformation,
transduction, and conjugation. Formation of endospores and mechanism of
sporulation.
UNIT IV
Environmental microbiology: Contamination in soil, water, air. Normal resident micro
flora in different niches. Major soil, water, air borne diseases.
Food Microbiology: Definition, Fermentation in Food Processing industry, Factors
affecting spoilage of food. Food preservation, methods to study food preservation and
use of modern molecular diagnostic tools.

Course outcomes:
1. Students are able to understand the core concepts of Microbiology.
2. They have an idea of how microorganisms are used as model systems in
Food Microbiology, Industry and genetic engineering.

Prescribed Text Book: Microbiology, Pelczar Jr. MJ: Tata Mcgraw Hill, New Delhi.
Alternate text Books:
1) Food Microbiology Adam MR and Moss, Panima Publications, New Delhi
2) Microbiology Prescott LM, Harley JP and Klein DA (2003); Mcgraw Hill

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 Syllabus B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 Onwards
Biochemistry BBIO-503
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theor Practica
L T P Cr
y l
2 1 - 3
Total Marks 100 -
End Semester 60 -
Exam
Sessional 40 -
Credits 3 - Note: Question paper is divided in to four
sections A, B, C and D. Section A is compulsory and comprises of 12 questions of one
mark each, 3 from each unit. The questions should not be direct having one word
answer, fill in the blanks or multiple choice questions. Section B comprises of 4
questions of 2 marks each, one from each unit. Section C comprises of 4 questions of
4 marks each, one from each unit (Each question shall have two alternatives, out of
which student will be required to attempt one). Section D comprises of 4 questions of
6 marks each, one from each unit (Each question shall have two alternatives, out of
which student will be required to attempt one). Duration of exam shall be 3 hours and
maximum marks shall be 60.
Course Objectives:
1. The course aims is to provide the basic understanding of Biochemistry in living
system to the students.
2. To provide an advanced understanding of the core principles and topics of
biochemistry and their experimental basis, and to enable students to acquire a
specialized knowledge and understanding of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and
vitamin metabolism.

UNIT I

Introduction to Biochemistry: Provide a historical perspective to Biochemistry and its

use in Biotechnology. Carbohydrates: Definition classification, Basic structure,
properties and functions of monosaccharides and related compounds, di-saccharides
and poly-saccacharides. Structural polysaccharides-cellulose and chitin, storage
polysaccharides-starch, glycogen,peptidoglycan and glycosminoglycans,
proteoglycans and glycoproteins
Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, kreb’ s cycle. Pentose phosphate pathway,
glyoxylate cycle, glycogenolysis and glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis. Pyruvate
Dehydrogenase and its regulation. TCA cycle: reactions regulation and Amphibolic
nature, glyoxalate cycle, Electron Transport Chain, inhibitors and uncouplers of
oxidative phosphorylation.

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 UNIT II

Lipids: Classification of lipids and fatty acids. General Structure and function of major
lipid subclasses, acylglycerols, phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids
and terpenses, sterols, steroids
Lipid metabolism: Biosynthesis of odd and even carbon saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids, formation of ketone bodies, biosynthesis of triacylglycerols, membrane
phospholipids, cholesterol and steroids

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 UNIT III

Amino acids and Proteins: Structure, properties, classification and functions of amino
acids, structure and function of proteins. Protein denaturation and renaturation,
folding pathways, folding accessory proteins, proteins purification procedures
Protein metabolism: metabolic fate of amino group, transamination and deamination,
decarboxylation and oxidative degradation of amino acids, Nitrogen excretion and
urea
cycle
UNIT IV

Nucleic Acids- Structure and functions: Structure and properties of purine and
pyrimidine bases. Nucleosides and nucleotides. Biologically important nucleotides
Nucleic acid metabolism: Biosynthesis and break down of purine & pyrimidine
nucleotide by de-novo and salvage pathway Vitamins and Hormones: their structure,
properties and biological functions.

Course outcomes: At the end of the course, the students will be able
1. To understand the major types of biochemical molecules, including small, large
and super molecular components found in cells.
2. To immediately recognize the different types of biochemical molecules and
know their essential chemical characteristics that make them indispensable for
life and catabolic and anabolic reactions of biochemical molecules.

Prescribed Text book:

1) Biochemistry by Donald and Judith Voet: John Willey and Sons, Indian Edition.

Alternative Text books

1) Biochemistry 5th Edition Stryer Lubert (1995) or later WH Freeman & Co New York.
USA.

2) Principles of Biochemistry, 3rd edition David Nelson , MM CO (2000) Maxmillan/

Worth publishers

3) Principals of Practical Biochemistry Wilson K and Walker J; (1994) Cambridge

University press, Cambridge, UK.

4) Physical Biochemistry 2nd Edition and Upwards David Freifelder (1983) W. H.

Freeman & Co. USA

5) Biophysical Chemistry parts I through III (3 Book Series) by Charles Cantor and Paul
R. Schimmel. W. H. Freeman and Co, New York City. NY, USA

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8
 Syllabus B.Tech BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July, 2019 Onwards

Cell Biology
BBIO-504
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theor Practica
L T P Cr
y l
2 1 - 3
Total Marks 100 -
End Semester 60 -
Exam
Sessionals 40 -
Credits 3 -
Note: Question paper is divided in to four sections A, B, C and D. Section A is
compulsory and comprises of 12 questions of one mark each, 3 from each unit. The
questions should not be direct having one word answer, fill in the blanks or multiple
choice questions. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks each, one from each
unit. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 4 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Section D comprises of 4 questions of 6 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Duration of exam shall be 3 hours and maximum marks shall be 60.
Course Objectives: Students will understand
1. The structures and purposes of basic components of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells, especially macromolecules, membranes, and organelles.
2. They will understand how these cellular components are used to generate and
utilize energy in cells. They will understand the cellular components underlying
mitotic cell division.
3. They will apply their knowledge of cell biology to selected examples of changes
or losses in cell function. These can include responses to environmental or
physiological changes, or alterations of cell function brought about by mutation.

UNIT I
Basic Cell structure: Description of various cell organelles. Classification of
organisms by cell structure. Description of Different cell fractionation techniques and
procedures. Role of Molecular markers in cell fractionation. Basics of Protein
synthesis and trafficking.
Cell membrane and permeability: Chemical components of biological membranes,
Fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane. Transport phenomenon across membranes.
Cell signaling and cell recognition and membrane transport.
UNIT II

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Cytoskeleton and cell motility: Structure and function of Microtubules, microfilaments
and intermediate filaments. Structure and function of flagella and pili.
Structure and function of cellular organelles: Ribosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
complex, lysosomes, vacuoles etc. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic
counterparts.

UNIT III
Mechanism and control of cell division in Eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Role of the
nucleus in this process. Role of the extracellular matrix in disease and its role in
general cell physiology. Basics of Developmental biology and introduction to concepts
to morphogen gradients. Receptor ligand interaction, secondary messengers &
Protein kinases.

UNIT IV
Introduction to different organ systems: Such as nervous system, muscle system, skin,
digestive and circulatory and excretory system. Description of nerve impulse
transmission. Role of neurotransmitters and analogs.

Course outcomes: The students will be able to understand:

1. The basic energy metabolism of cells
2. Identifying some of common reaction mechanisms in biochemical processes
(catabolic and anabolic reactions of biochemical molecules)

Prescribed Textbook: Cell and Molecular Biology de Robertis and de Robertis (2002)
Lippincott and Williams and Wilkins Pvt Ltd. (International Student Edition).
Philadelphia.
Alternative Text Book:
Molecular Cell biology by Harvey Lodish and David Baltimore.

10
 B. Tech BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.

Genetics BBIO-505
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practica L T P Cr
l 2 1 - 3
Total Marks 100 -
End Semester 60 -
Exam
Sessionals 40 -
Credits 3 -

Note: Question paper is divided in to four sections A, B, C and D. Section A is

compulsory and comprises of 12 questions of one mark each, 3 from each unit. The
questions should not be direct having one word answer, fill in the blanks or multiple
choice questions. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks each, one from each
unit. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 4 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Section D comprises of 4 questions of 6 marks each, one from each unit (Each
question shall have two alternatives, out of which student will be required to attempt
one). Duration of exam shall be 3 hours and maximum marks shall be 60.
Course Objectives:
1. This course covers genetics, the science of heredity, from its basic principles to
the most recent advances in the field.
2. Students will be able to describe cellular and chromosomal events that occur
during eukaryotic cell cycle and gamete formation and compare the effect of
linkage and independent assortment on genetic outcomes and assess data to
determine if genes are linked or on a separate chromosomes.

UNIT I
Mendelism: Mendel’ s law of inheritance, genetics and his experiments, Concept of
monohybrid cross and incomplete dominance and co-dominance, Dihybrid crosses,
multiple alleles (blood group systems), epistasis. Penetrance and Expressivity.
Cell division: Cell division and sexual and asexual reproduction. Discuss Chromosome
theory of inheritance, General Structure of Chromosome, types of chromosomes, Sex
determination, Sex linked inheritance.

UNIT II
Molecular genetics: DNA as the genetic material, structure, functions and types of
DNA and RNA, transposable elements, genome complexity, packaging of DNA in
chromosomes, histone modification, heterochromatin and euchromatin, polytene

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chromosomes and lampbrush chromosomes, DNA replication, Transcription and Post
transcriptional modification processes.

UNIT III

Mutation: Mutagen, types of mutation, fluctuation test, complementary test.

Applications of induced mutations and detection of mutations, Site directed
mutagenesis, Linkage and recombination of genes on the chromosome crossing over
and genetic mapping. Mapping of genes using linkage analysis in eukaryotes and
prokaryotes.

UNIT IV
Quantitative inheritance: quantitative trait locus analysis, heritability, extranuclear
inheritance and maternal effect. Cytogenetics (Human karyotyping, chromosome
banding, variation in chromosome number, position effects).
Course outcomes:
1. Students will be able to analyze and solve genetics problems and they will have
a good understanding of most of the laboratory techniques employed in
modern molecular genetics labs
2. Along with this, students can explain transcription, translation in prokaryotes
and eukaryotes.
3. Students will have the knowledge of quantitative inheritance and cytogenetics.

Prescribed Text Book:

1) Basic Genetics: Miglani G.S. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi. India
2) Genomes 2nd Edition Brown TA (2002) John Wiley and Sons, Oxford.
3) Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th Edition, Bruce Alberts et al (2002) Garland
Publishing New York, USA
4) Molecular Cell Biology 4th edition or Higher Harvey Lodish and Baltimore David
(2000) WH Freeman and Co, NY, USA.
5) Cell and Molecular Biology 8th Edn Robertis EDP De and Robertis EMF De (2002)
Lippincott Williams and Willkins international Students edition, Philadelphia. USA.
5) Genes VIII, Benjamin Lewin Benjamin Cummins Pub Co December 2003 a New
Version Genes IX also exists (2007).

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 Syllabus of B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.
Microbiology Practical
BBIO-506
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practical L T P Cr
Total Marks - 100 - - 2 1
End Semester - 40
Exam
Sessionals - 60
Credits - 1

Course Objectives:

1. This course will impart practical knowledge of microorganisms and methods

for their study.

2. Introduce microbial processes of environmental significance. Provide detailed

information on the most up to date methods for the study of microbial

communities.

Suggested Practicals:

1) Introduction to Microscopy: Use of Microscopes and examination (1lab)

2) Micrometry measurement of Microorganisms through a microscope. (2 labs)

3) Stain methods: Example Gram stain. (1 lab)

4) Introduction to Preparation of culture media and its sterilization (2 labs)

5) Isolate and catalog different microorganisms. Different sources will be used. (2

labs)

6) Preparation of Pure cultures through Streak plate, pour plate and spread plate. (2

labs)

7) Growth Kinetic measurements. Effects of various factors on growth (pH,

Temperature, humidity, salt, UV rays.) (2 Labs)

8) Milk Microbiology Use sterilization procedures and enumerate microbiological

fauna in Milk. (2 Labs)

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Course outcomes:

1. Students will be aware of basic methods of bacterial isolation in

microbiology, their characterization and importance in the field of

microbiology.

2. Students have exposure in growth kinetics of Bacteria, Bacterial

characterization and economic importance.

Reference text for Practical sessions: Microbiology A laboratory manual. 4th edition

Cappuccino and Sheeman N. Addison Wesley California. USA.

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 Syllabus B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 Onwards
Bio-chemistry Practical
BBIO-507
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practical
L T P Cr
Total Marks - 100
- - 2 1
End Semester - 40
Exam
Sessional - 60
Credits - 1

Course Objectives:
1. The practical course aims to provide students with a basic understanding of
Molecular Biochemistry with experimental studies.
2. The students are able to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively studies using
spectroscopy and other techniques to determine the structure of compounds
and the fundamental properties of biomolecules.

Suggested Practical Experiments:

1) Introduction to Biochemistry: Preparation of media and buffers for Biochemistry

and Molecular Biology (2 labs)

2) Qualitative tests for amino acids, carbohydrates and proteins. (2 labs)

3) Quantitative estimation of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates (2 Labs)

4) Assay a common enzyme for its activity and effect of pH, salt, temperature on its

activity. (2 Labs)

5) Biochemical analysis of Blood and/or urine for proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.

(2 Labs)

6) Biochemical Experiments to determine extinct coefficient of nucleotides (1Lab).

7) Introduction to Gel electrophoresis and other separation technologies. (2 labs)

8) Introduction to modern spectroscopic and other separation technologies (theory

only) (2Labs)

Course outcomes:

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 1. The students are familiar with techniques of protein purification and protein
characterization and determination of enzyme kinetic parameters.
2. They will be exposed to Agarose Gel Electrophoresis to differentiate the
biomolecules based on their polarity.
Reference Books:

Practical Biochemistry by S. K. Sawhney and Randhir Singh. Narosa Publishing House,

New Delhi (2000).

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 Syllabus B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July, 2019 Onwards

Cell Biology Practical

BBIO-508

3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practical
L T P Cr
Total Marks - 100
- - 2 1
End Semester - 40
Exam
Sessionals - 60
Credits - 1

Course Objectives:
1. Students will understand the structures and purposes of basic components of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, especially macromolecules, membranes, and
organelles
2. Students will understand how these cellular components are used to generate
and utilize energy in cells
3. Students will understand the cellular components underlying mitotic cell
division.
4. Students will apply their knowledge of cell biology to selected examples of
changes or losses in cell function. These can include responses to
environmental or physiological changes, or alterations of cell function brought
about by mutation.

Suggested Practical Experiments:

1) Evaluate different organ systems using permanent slides. For Instance cross

sections of Digestive tract, Kidney, Liver, and skin. (2 labs)

2) Learn Fixation and Microtomy of tissues.(2 labs)

3) Evaluate Blood smear slides and enumerate different types of cells present. (1 lab)

4) Prepare slide of squamous epithelia using inner cheek cells.(1 lab)

5) Isolation of microbial DNA and its study by gel electrophoresis and by

spectrophotometric analysis. (2 labs)

17
6) Fractionation studies using mouse liver and preparation of different cell profiles by

gel electrophoresis. (2-3 labs).

Course outcomes:

1. Students will be able to differentiate the cells of various living organisms and
get awareness of physiological processes of cell e.g. cell divisions.
2. Students will be able to observe and correctly identify different cell types,
cellular structures using different microscopic techniques.
Suggested Reading Material:

Basic Genetics: Miglani G.S. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi. India

Syllabus of B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.

Genetics Practical
BBIO-509
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practical L T P Cr
Total Marks - 100 - - 2 1
End Semester - 40
Exam
Sessionals - 60
Credits - 1

Course Objectives: This practical course aims:

1. To differentiate various stages of the cell cycle (mitosis and meiosis)
2. Examination of permanent slides with chromosomal aberrations
3. Cell Fractionation studies.

Suggested Practical Experiments:

1) Examine permanent slides displaying different chromosomal aberrations. Such as

addition of segments or increase in chromosomal number. (2 labs)

2) Evaluate mitosis in onion root tip by light microscopy. (2 labs)

3) Evaluate meiosis by evaluating cell smears from insect gonads ( 2 labs)

4) Cell fractionation and isolation of cell material and evaluation by gel

electrophoresis (2 labs).

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5) Evaluate effect of ionizing radiation on microbial growth (Use UV rays as a case

study example) (2 Labs).

6) Generation of auxotrophic mutants by UV induction or a chemical mutagen. (2

labs)

Course outcomes:

1. Students will understand how to prepare temporary and permanent slides.

2. In addition, they also aware the procedure of isolation of different cell

organelles by using centrifugation on the basis of their density gradient

3. Students able to understand how UV rays cause mutation in microbial culture.

Reference books:

Microbiology A laboratory Manual. 4th edition Cappuccino and Sheeman N. Addison

Wesley California. USA.

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 Syllabus of B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.
Fermentation Technology (P)
Code- BBIO-510
3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theory Practical L T P Cr
Total Marks --- 100 - - 2 1
End Semester --- 40
Exam
Sessionals --- 60
Credits 1

Course Objectives:
1. The students are able to understand the basic concepts of fermentation;
aerobic and anaerobic fermentation, alcoholic fermentation resulting in the
production of bread, beer, wine and vinegar.
2. Students have basic understanding of fermenter designing, Growth kinetics,
Solid and Sub-merged fermentation etc.

Practicals on Fermentation Technology

1. Submerged Fermentation
2. Solid Substrate Fermentation
3. Production of industrial important compounds (ethanol, vinegar, wine etc.)
4. Demonstration of batch fermentation
5. Demonstration of continuous fermentation
6. Growth Kinetics
7. Designing of fermenter
8. Bioconversion of wastes
Course outcomes:
1. The students are able to understand various concepts of fermentation. They
know the differences between aerobic and anaerobic fermentation and the
classification of microorganisms based on their respiratory action.
2. In addition, they have an exposure on growth of microorganism and their role in
producing foods and drinks, cheese, butter, yoghurt (resulting from acidic
fermentation) and design a simple containment system (Bioreactor/Fermentor).

Prescribed Text Book: Microbiology, Pelczar Jr. MJ: Tata Mcgraw Hill, New
Principal of fermemtation technology, Stanburry whittakar, Delhi.
Alternate text Books:

1) Food Microbiology Adam MR and Moss, Panima Publications, New Delhi

2) Microbiology Prescott LM, Harley JP and Klein DA (2003); Mcgraw Hil

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 Syllabus of B.Tech. BIOTECHNOLOGY Year July 2019 onwards.

INTRODUCTION TO BIOTECHNOLOGY
Code- BBIO-511

3rd Semester, 2nd Year of the Four – Year Degree Program

Theor Practica L T P Cr
2 1 - 3
y l

Total Marks 100 -

End Semester 60 -
Exam
Sessionals 40 -
Credits 3 -
Note: Question paper is divided in to four
sections A, B, C and D. Section A is compulsory and comprises of 12 questions of one
mark each, 3 from each unit. The questions should not be direct having one word
answer, fill in the blanks or multiple choice questions. Section B comprises of 4
questions of 2 marks each, one from each unit. Section C comprises of 4 questions of
4 marks each, one from each unit (Each question shall have two alternatives, out of
which student will be required to attempt one). Section D comprises of 4 questions of
6 marks each, one from each unit (Each question shall have two alternatives, out of
which student will be required to attempt one). Duration of exam shall be 3 hours and
maximum marks shall be 60.
Course Objectives:
1. This course allows the basic understanding of genetic manipulation of
organisms by incorporating DNA sequences from different sources. They may
differentiate the recombinant to non-recombinant on the basis of blue-white
screening.
2. Students will understand the revolutionary technology of several applications in
plant genomics and clinical research.

UNIT I
Biotechnology: An overview-definition, scope and importance. History of
biotechnology. Applications of biotechnology: Biotechnology in medicine, Vaccines,
Diagnostic, Forensic, Gene therapy.
UNIT II
Microbial Biotechnology: A brief account of microbes in industry and agriculture. Role
of biotechnology in pollution control, Sewage treatment, Bioremediation. Introduction
to biofertilizers, bio films, biofuels, biodegradable plastics.

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 UNIT III
Plant & Animal Biotechnology: Introduction to plant tissue culture and its applications,
Gene transfer methods in plants, Transgenic plants (A brief introduction),
fertilization and embryo transfer in humans and livestock, Transfection techniques and
transgenic animals (A brief introduction).
UNIT IV
Bioinformatics: (A brief account) Importance, Scope of Bioinformatics, world wide
web as a tool, Bioinformatics institutes and databases, Bioinformatics training &
limitations.

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Course Outcome:
1. Students will be able to understand the scope and various application in the
field of Biotechnology.
2. They have the idea of forensic sciences and basic knowledge of microbial and
transgenic technology.
3. They understand about the Data Retrieval tools and its utilization in the field of
Bioinformatics in drug designing and Drug Discovery.

Recommended Books:
1. Gupta P.K. (2003), Biotechnology and Genomics, Rastogi Publications Meerut.
2. Das H.K. (2004), Textbook of Biotechnology, Willly Dreamtech. Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi.
3. Singh B.D. (1998), Biotechnology, Kalyani Publication.

Alternate text Books:

1. Natesh S., Chopra V.L. and Ramachandran S. (1987), Biotechnology in
Agriculture Oxford & IBH, New Delhi.
2. Kumar H.D. (2004), A Text Book of Biotechnology, Eastern Willey Press, New
Delhi.

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