Report
Uploaded by
leadmethewayReport
Uploaded by
leadmethewayDEDICATED FREIGHT CORRIDOR CORPORATION OF INDIA
Client:
LIMITED
WESTERN DEDICATED FREIGHT CORRIDOR (PACKAGE CTP-11–JNPT TO
Project Name:
VAITARANA)
Contractor: Express Freight Railway Consortium
Report Title: Design of retaining wall from chainage 82+000 to 92+000
Report No. DOC-CTP 11-CVL-DGN-EW -0052
PREPARATION, REVIEW AND AUTHORISATION
Revision # Date Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By
B 29-08-2020 Justin Johnson Syamkumar N Punit S.H.
ISSUE REGISTER
Distribution List Date Issued Number of Copies
EXPRESS FREIGHT RAILWAY CONSORTIUM 29-08-2020 2
Office Library (SMEC office location):
H:\ Projects\7061466
SMEC COMPANY DETAILS
SMEC India Pvt., Ltd.,
1st Floor, Novus Tower, West Wing,
Plot No. 18, Sector - 18
Haryana, India-122015
T +91-124-4501100 | F +91-124-4501143
[email protected]
www.smec.com
The information within this document is and shall remain the property of SMEC
INDEX
Sl. DESCRIPTION Page
No. No.
1 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW4 1
2 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW5 62
3 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW6 123
3 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW66 184
4 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW67 248
5 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW68 312
6 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW69 373
7 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW70 434
8 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW71 495
9 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE – RW72 559
ANNEXURE-A
Drawings
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4
1
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 8.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 2.900 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 5.800 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 9.730 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.200 m
Toe Slab Length = 0.800 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.800 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.900 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.500 m
Total Base width = 6.800 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 2.900 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 9.73 W6
3.930 Formation Level
5.800
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 2.900
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
8.000
W3
H' = 7.600 9.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.500 0.000 1.900 W2 0.300
B C D A
0.800 1.200 4.800
0.000
6.800
2
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 7.50°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.866
0.983 x 0.955 x 1.37
Kα = 0.67 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.028
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.028
Ca for stem Design = 1.028
3
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 1.9 + 7.6 + 2.9 = 12.40 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 12.4 ^2 )/2
= 47.358 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 47.358x Cos (29) = 41.420 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 47.358x sin (29) = 22.960 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (12.4/3)
= 4.133 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 171.203 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 12.400 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 12.4 ^2 )/2
= 59.044 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 51.64 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 28.63 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 10.22 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 5.67 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (12.4/2)
= 6.200 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 63.364 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
4
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.230 m
h1 for stability = 9.970 m
h1 for design = 3.270 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 9.97 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 6.368 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 5.57 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.09 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.985 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 5.57 x 4.985
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 27.766 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 3.09 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x7.23))
= 17.460 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 3.27 x 0.673) / (17.46)
= 2.055 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.635 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.210 T.m
5
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.028
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 3.970 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.580 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 6.5802
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.646 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 2.158 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.490 m
h1 for stability = 10.710 m
h1 for design = 4.010 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 10.71 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 2.219 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.94 T
6
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.08 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.355 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 1.94 x 5.355
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 10.389 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.08 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x6.49))
= 17.460 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 4.01 x 0.673) / (17.46)
= 0.817 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 2.005 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.565 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.028
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 2.767 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.548 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.48 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.27 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.069 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.48 x 7.0686
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 3.393 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.27 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.310 T
Dynamic increment = 0.493 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.647 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.304 T.m
7
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.33 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.2 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.6 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.8 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
Total ΣW = 33.000 ΣM = 149.586 ΣM' = 74.814
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
2.267 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.133 m
b/6 =
1.133 m
& Unsafe.
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.33 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.2 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.6 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.8 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 156.128
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 1.0 1.933 32.519 4.867 81.857
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 41.420 1.0 171.203 -171.203
Total ΣW = 162.780 ΣM = 590.998 ΣM' = 515.906
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.169 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.231 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
8
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 687.110 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 171.203 T.m
Factor of Safety = 687.11/171.203
= 4.013 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 41.420 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 162.780 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 81.390 T
Factor of Safety = 81.39/41.42
= 1.965 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (81.39+8.77)/41.42
= 2.18 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 41.420 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 162.780 T
μxW = 81.39 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.177 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 162.780 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.231 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (162.78/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.231/6.8))
= 28.817 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (162.78/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.231/6.8))
2
= 19.059 T/m
9
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 28.3 Stem 23.346 Heel σmin
28.817 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 19.059
27.67 25.947
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 156.128
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.670 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 38.556
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 1.0 1.933 32.519 4.867 81.857
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 41.420 1.0 171.203 -171.203
Fx' 10.220
Dynamic increment 1.0 63.364 -63.364
W1 Seismic Mass 0.380 1.0 5.7 2.166 -2.166
W1' Seismic Mass 0.950 1.0 4.43 4.209 -4.209
W3 Seismic Mass 7.300 1.0 5.7 41.610 -41.610
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.760 1.0 6.97 5.297 -5.297
Total ΣW = 168.450 ΣM = 707.644 ΣM' = 437.816
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.599 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.801 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
10
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 725.660 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 287.850 T.m
Factor of Safety = 725.66/287.85
= 2.521 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 61.030 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 168.450 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 84.225 T
Factor of Safety = 84.225/61.03
= 1.380 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (84.225+8.77+-0.66)/61.03
= 1.51 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 61.030 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 168.450 T
μxW = 84.225 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.513 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 168.450 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.801 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (168.45/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.801/6.8))
= 42.280 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (168.45/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.801/6.8))
= 7.264 T/m2
11
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 40.3 Stem 22.648 Heel σmin
42.280 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 7.264
38.16 31.981
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 156.128
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 1.0 1.933 32.519 4.867 81.857
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
W6 LL Surcharge 4.481 1.0 2.400 10.755 4.400 19.717
DL Surcharge 1.454 1.0 2.400 3.489 4.400 6.396
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.090 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 21.012
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.080 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 7.344
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 41.420 1.0 171.203 -171.203
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 5.570 1.0 4.985 27.766 -27.766
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.940 1.0 5.355 10.389 -10.389
Total ΣW = 172.885 ΣM = 643.397 ΣM' = 532.220
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.078 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.322 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
12
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 741.580 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 209.360 T.m
Factor of Safety = 741.58/209.36
= 3.542 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 48.930 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 172.885 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 86.443 T
Factor of Safety = 86.443/48.93
= 1.767 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (86.443+8.77)/48.93
= 1.95 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 48.930 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 172.885 T
μxW = 86.4425 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.946 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 172.885 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.322 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (172.885/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.322/6.8))
2
= 32.648 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (172.885/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.322/6.8))
2
= 18.201 T/m
13
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 31.8 Stem 24.548 Heel σmin
32.648 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 18.201
30.95 28.399
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 156.128
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.670 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 38.556
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 1.0 1.933 32.519 4.867 81.857
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.760 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
W6 LL Surcharge 4.481 1.0 2.400 10.755 4.400 19.717
DL Surcharge 1.454 1.0 2.400 3.489 4.400 6.396
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.090 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 21.012
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.080 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 7.344
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 1.836
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 41.420 1.0 171.203 -171.203
Fx' Dynamic increment 10.220 1.0 63.364 -63.364
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 5.570 1.0 4.985 27.766 -27.766
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 6.580 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.940 1.0 5.355 10.389 -10.389
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.480 1.0 7.069 3.393 -3.393
W1 Seismic Mass 0.38 1.0 2.166 -2.166
W1' Seismic Mass 0.95 1.0 4.2085 -4.209
W3 Seismic Mass 7.3 1.0 41.61 -41.610
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.76 1.0 5.2972 -5.297
Total ΣW = 178.825 ΣM = 763.436 ΣM' = 452.573
14
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.531 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.869 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 781.970 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 329.400 T.m
Factor of Safety = 781.97/329.4
= 2.374 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 69.020 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 178.825 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 89.413 T
Factor of Safety = 89.413/69.02
= 1.295 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (89.413+8.77+-0.66)/69.02
= 1.412967 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 69.020 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 178.825 T
μxW = 89.4125 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.413 > 1.25, Hence Safe
15
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 178.825 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.869 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (178.825/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.869/6.8))
= 46.462 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (178.825/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.869/6.8))
= 6.134 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 44.2 Stem 23.852 Heel σmin
46.462 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 6.134
41.72 34.601
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
16
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.25 5.900 4.750 0.900 4.275
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.25 5.467 11.875 1.333 15.833
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.25 3.400 6.375 3.400 21.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.25 6.267 0.250 0.533 0.133
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.25 3.200 12.000 3.600 43.200
W2'''2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.25 5.400 6.000 1.400 8.400
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.70 2.400 124.032 4.400 545.741
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.70 1.600 13.056 5.200 67.891
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.70 5.133 12.920 1.667 21.533
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.70 0.000 39.032 6.800 265.418
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.670 1.25 0.000 7.088 6.800 48.195
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 1.70 1.933 28.594 4.867 139.157
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.
W5 0 1.760 1.70 6.412 2.992 0.388 1.161
W6 LL Surcharge 4.481 1.70 2.400 7.618 4.400 33.519
DL Surcharge 1.454 1.70 2.400 2.471 4.400 10.874
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 3.090 1.70 0.000 5.253 6.800 35.720
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.080 1.70 0.000 1.836 6.800 12.485
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.270 1.25 0.000 0.338 6.800 2.295
IRC loading 1.920 1.70 6.400 3.264 0.400 1.306
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 41.420
Fx pressure 1.70 70.414 -291.045
Fx' Dynamic increment 10.220 1.25 12.775 -79.205
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 5.570 1.70 4.985 9.469 -47.203
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 6.580 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.940 1.70 5.355 3.298 -17.661
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.480 1.25 7.069 0.600 -4.241
W1 Seismic Mass 0.380 1.25 0.475 -2.708
W1' Seismic Mass 0.950 1.25 1.188 -5.261
W3 Seismic Mass 7.300 1.25 9.125 -52.013
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.760 1.25 0.950 -6.622
ΣW 289.743 ΣM' 772.854
Vertical load on heel = 245.82 T
Vertical load on toe = 7.26 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.667 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.733 m
17
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 289.743 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.733 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (289.743237113402/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.733/6.8))
= 70.167 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (289.743237113402/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.733/6.8))
= 15.051 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.25 5.900 4.750 0.900 4.275
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.25 5.467 11.875 1.333 15.833
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.25 3.400 6.375 3.400 21.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.25 6.267 0.250 0.533 0.133
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.25 3.200 12.000 3.600 43.200
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.25 5.400 6.000 1.400 8.400
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.70 2.400 124.032 4.400 545.741
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.70 1.600 13.056 5.200 67.891
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.70 5.133 12.920 1.667 21.533
Fy Earth pressure 22.960 1.70 0.000 39.032 6.800 265.418
2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 16.820
W4 1 1.70 1.933 28.594 4.867 139.157
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.
1.760
W5 0 1.70 6.412 2.992 0.388 1.161
W6 LL Surcharge 4.481 1.70 2.400 7.618 4.400 33.519
DL Surcharge 1.454 1.70 2.400 2.471 4.400 10.874
Lat. Earth pressure
3.090 1.70 35.720
(LL) 0.000 5.253 6.800
Lat. Earth pressure
1.080
(DL) 1.70 0.000 1.836 6.800 12.485
IRC loading 1.920 1.700 6.400 3.264 0.400 1.306
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 41.420 1.70 70.414 -291.045
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 5.570 1.70 4.985 9.469 -47.203
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.940 1.70 5.355 3.298 -17.661
ΣW 282.318 ΣM' 872.412
Vertical load on heel = 237.89 T
Vertical load on toe = 7.26 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.090 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.31 m
18
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 282.320 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.310 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (282.32/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.31/6.8))
= 52.874 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (282.32/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.31/6.8))
= 30.161 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 70.167 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 67 Stem 39.266 Heel σmin
70.167 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 15.051
63.68 53.956
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.600 m
Ka (stem) = 0.673
Ca (stem) = 1.028
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.673x7.6 ^2 )/2 = 38.87 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 38.87248x Cos (17.17) = 37.14 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.53 m
Moment due to Fx = 94.09 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 20.50 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 20.5048x Cos (17.17) = 19.59 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.02 m
Moment due to Fx' = 98.27 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 192.36 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 94.09 + 1.25 x 98.27
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 282.79 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 3.21 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
19
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 1.57 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.30 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 9.75 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.200 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.38x3.8 + 0.95x2.53 + 7.3x3.8 + 0.76x5.07
= 35.441 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 44.300 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 282.7905 + 9.74773863828026 + 44.3
= 336.84 T.m
= 3304.383 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (3304.383/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 793 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1134 mm > 793 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 993.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 993.577 1077.300 lesser
Ast = 7645 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1134
= 2268 mm²
Hence Ast required = 7645 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1134
= 1361 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1436 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
20
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1900 mm
h = 5.70 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 389.39 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 308.10 kNm h1= 5.70
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 5.53 kNm 7.6
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 4.25 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.90
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 3.38 kNm
force on stem = 19.05 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1091.75 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3564.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.950 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1091.75/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 456.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 884.000 mm > 456 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 813.789 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 813.789 839.8 lesser
Ast = 3084.057 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 884
= 1768.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3084.057 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1134
= 1361 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1361 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 140 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1436 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
21
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.134 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.051 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 26.884 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 14.181 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.283 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.560 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.338 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.768 T
shear force at the section = 51.013 T
Factored shear force at the section = 76.69 T
= 752.35 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 0.985 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.76 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.68 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.58 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 227.45 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
22
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.90 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.818 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 14.204 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 7.492 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.222 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.216
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.130
Seismic force on stem = 5.401 T
shear force at the section = 27.666 T
Factored shear force at the section = 41.17 T
= 403.89 kN
H = 4.70
effective depth considered = 0.75 m
v = 0.54 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.90 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.75 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.68 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 2.400 175.104 1.7 297.68
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 3.200 24.576 1.7 41.78
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.8 x 2.9 x 1 16.820 2.867 48.217 1.7 81.97
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.9 x 1 0.000 4.800 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 22.960 4.800 110.208 1.7 187.35
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.670 4.800 27.216 1.25 34.02
2.5 x 4.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.600 2.400 8.640 1.25 10.80
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.8 x 1.6 x 1.25 19.20
1.0 9.600 1.600 15.360
15.051 x 4.8 x 1.0 72.245 2.400 173.388 - -173.39
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 38.91 x 4.8 x
- -149.40
1.0 93.372 1.600 149.395
W6 LL Surcharge 4.481 2.400 10.755 1.7 18.28
DL Surcharge 1.454 2.400 3.489 1.7 5.93
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 25.21
(LL) 3.090 4.800 14.832
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 8.81
(DL) 1.080 4.800 5.184
Dynamic increment
1.25 1.62
(DL) 0.270 4.800 1.296
Total for Ka=0.308 409.878
= 409.878 T.m
= 4020.898 kN.m
23
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4020.898/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 875 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1813 mm > 875 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1699.436 (or) 1721.875 whichever is
= 1699.436 lesser
Ast = 5439 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1813
= 3625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5439 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1813
= 2175 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2244 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1813
= 2175 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2244 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
24
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.8125 m
shear force at the section = 71.86 T
= 704.941 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2048 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.59 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.59 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 196.803
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.6000 m
effective depth considered = 0.609 m
Shear force at the section considered = 37.557 T
= 368.439 kN
v = 0.605 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.747 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.711 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
25
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.760 0.39 0.683 1.7 1.1611
IRC 1.920 0.40 0.768 1.7 1.3056
Self 2.5 x 0.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.600 0.40 0.240 1.25 0.3
Weight 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 0.27 0.053 1.25 0.066
σ- 63.683 x 0.8 50.946 0.40 20.379 - -20.379
Upward 0.5 x 6.48 x 0.8 2.594 0.53 1.382 - -1.382
ΣM = -18.928
Factored Moment, Mu = 18.928 T.m
= 185.684 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (185.684/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 188 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 413 mm > 188 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 369.647 (or) 391.875 whichever is
= 369.647 lesser
Ast = 1155 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 413
= 825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1155 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 413
= 495 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 10 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 561 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 413
= 495 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 10 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 561 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
26
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.413 m
shear force at the section = 23.067 T
= 226.283 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.309 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.73 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.13 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.68 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.76 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 0 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 309.375 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 0
Reinforcement Provided = 0.00
Provide 0 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.413
face m
effective depth considered = 0.309 m
Shear force at the section considered = 23.067 T
= 226.283 kN
v = 0.731 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.13
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.677 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.764 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
27
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 8.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.200 m
Toe Slab Length = 0.800 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.800 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.900 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.500 m
Total Base width = 6.800 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
8.000
W3
H' = 7.600 9.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.500 0.000 1.900 W2 0.300
B C D A
0.800 1.200 4.800
0.000
6.800
28
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 7.50°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.866
0.983 x 0.955 x 2.452
Kα = 0.38 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.445
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.445
Ca for stem Design = 0.445
29
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 1.9 + 7.6 + 0 = 9.50 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 9.5 ^2 )/2
= 27.797 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 27.797x Cos (29) = 24.310 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 27.797x sin (29) = 13.480 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (9.5/3)
= 3.167 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 76.982 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 9.500 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 9.5 ^2 )/2
= 34.656 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 30.31 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 16.80 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 6.00 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 3.32 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (9.5/2)
= 4.750 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 28.500 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
30
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 1.430 m
h1 for stability = 9.500 m
h1 for design = 6.170 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 9.5 x 0.308) / (3)
= 15.898 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 13.9 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.71 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 13.9 x 4.75
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 66.025 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 7.71 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x1.43))
= 5.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 6.17 x 0.376) / (5.86)
= 6.453 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.085 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 19.020 T.m
31
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.445
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 9.910 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.270 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 6.27
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 3.819 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 4.072 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.690 m
h1 for stability = 9.500 m
h1 for design = 6.910 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 9.5 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 3.454 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 3.02 T
32
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.67 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 3.02 x 4.75
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 14.345 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.67 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0.69))
= 5.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 6.91 x 0.376) / (5.86)
= 2.345 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.455 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 7.741 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.445
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 4.306 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.852 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.75 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.41 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.270 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.75 x 6.27
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 4.703 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.41 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 2.775 T
Dynamic increment = 0.430 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.17°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.561 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.960 T.m
33
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.33 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.2 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.6 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.8 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
Total ΣW = 33.000 ΣM = 149.586 ΣM' = 74.814
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW=
=
2.267 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.133 m
b/6 =
1.133 m
& Unsafe.
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.33 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.2 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.6 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.8 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 91.664
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 24.310 1.0 76.982 -76.982
Total ΣW = 136.480 ΣM = 464.258 ΣM' = 463.806
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.398 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.002 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
34
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 540.790 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 76.982 T.m
Factor of Safety = 540.79/76.982
= 7.025 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 24.310 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 136.480 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 68.240 T
Factor of Safety = 68.24/24.31
= 2.807 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (68.24+8.77)/24.31
= 3.17 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 24.310 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 136.480 T
μxW = 68.24 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.168 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 136.480 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.002 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (136.48/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.002/6.8))
= 20.106 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (136.48/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.002/6.8))
2
= 20.035 T/m
35
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 20.1 Stem 20.066 Heel σmin
20.106 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.035
20.10 20.085
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 91.664
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.320 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 22.576
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 24.310 1.0 76.982 -76.982
Fx' 6.000
Dynamic increment 1.0 28.500 -28.500
W1 Seismic Mass 0.380 1.0 5.7 2.166 -2.166
W1' Seismic Mass 0.950 1.0 4.43 4.209 -4.209
W3 Seismic Mass 7.300 1.0 5.7 41.610 -41.610
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.760 1.0 6.97 5.297 -5.297
Total ΣW = 139.800 ΣM = 546.040 ΣM' = 404.600
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.894 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.506 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
36
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 563.360 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 158.760 T.m
Factor of Safety = 563.36/158.76
= 3.549 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 39.700 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 139.800 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 69.900 T
Factor of Safety = 69.9/39.7
= 1.761 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (69.9+8.77+-0.66)/39.7
= 1.96 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 39.700 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 139.800 T
μxW = 69.9 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.965 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 139.800 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.506 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (139.8/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.506/6.8))
= 29.738 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (139.8/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.506/6.8))
= 11.380 T/m2
37
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 28.7 Stem 19.445 Heel σmin
29.738 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.380
27.58 24.339
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 91.664
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
1.760
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
W6 LL Surcharge 13.352 1.0 2.400 32.044 4.400 58.747
DL Surcharge 4.331 1.0 2.400 10.396 4.400 19.058
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.710 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 52.428
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.670 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 11.356
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 24.310 1.0 76.982 -76.982
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 13.900 1.0 4.750 66.025 -66.025
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.020 1.0 4.750 14.345 -14.345
Total ΣW = 163.543 ΣM = 587.068 ΣM' = 525.025
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.210 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.19 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
38
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 682.380 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 157.350 T.m
Factor of Safety = 682.38/157.35
= 4.337 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 41.230 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 163.543 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 81.772 T
Factor of Safety = 81.772/41.23
= 1.983 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (81.772+8.77)/41.23
= 2.2 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 41.230 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 163.543 T
μxW = 81.7715 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.196 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 163.543 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.190 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (163.543/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.19/6.8))
2
= 28.082 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (163.543/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.19/6.8))
2
= 20.018 T/m
39
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 27.6 Stem 23.561 Heel σmin
28.082 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.018
27.13 25.710
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.0 5.900 22.420 0.900 3.420
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.0 5.467 51.933 1.333 12.667
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.0 3.400 17.340 3.400 17.340
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.0 6.267 1.253 0.533 0.107
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.0 3.200 30.720 3.600 34.560
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.0 5.400 25.920 1.400 6.720
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.0 2.400 175.104 4.400 321.024
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.0 1.600 12.288 5.200 39.936
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.0 5.133 39.013 1.667 12.667
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 91.664
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.320 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 22.576
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.760 1.0 6.412 11.285 0.388 0.683
W6 LL Surcharge 13.352 1.0 2.400 32.044 4.400 58.747
DL Surcharge 4.331 1.0 2.400 10.396 4.400 19.058
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.710 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 52.428
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.670 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 11.356
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.410 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.800 2.788
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 24.310 1.0 76.982 -76.982
Fx' Dynamic increment 6.000 1.0 28.500 -28.500
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 13.900 1.0 4.750 66.025 -66.025
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 6.270 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.020 1.0 4.750 14.345 -14.345
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.750 1.0 6.270 4.703 -4.703
W1 Seismic Mass 0.38 1.0 2.166 -2.166
W1' Seismic Mass 0.95 1.0 4.2085 -4.209
W3 Seismic Mass 7.3 1.0 41.61 -41.610
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.76 1.0 5.2972 -5.297
Total ΣW = 167.273 ΣM = 673.553 ΣM' = 463.904
40
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.773 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.627 m
b/6 = 1.133 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 707.740 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 243.840 T.m
Factor of Safety = 707.74/243.84
= 2.902 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 57.370 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 167.273 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 83.637 T
Factor of Safety = 83.637/57.37
= 1.458 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (83.637+8.77+-0.66)/57.37
= 1.599216 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 57.370 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 167.273 T
μxW = 83.6365 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.599 > 1.25, Hence Safe
41
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 167.273 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.627 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (167.273/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.627/6.8))
= 38.208 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (167.273/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.627/6.8))
= 10.990 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 36.7 Stem 22.948 Heel σmin
38.208 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 10.990
35.01 30.203
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
42
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.25 5.900 4.750 0.900 4.275
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.25 5.467 11.875 1.333 15.833
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.25 3.400 6.375 3.400 21.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.25 6.267 0.250 0.533 0.133
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.25 3.200 12.000 3.600 43.200
W2'''2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.25 5.400 6.000 1.400 8.400
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.70 2.400 124.032 4.400 545.741
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.70 1.600 13.056 5.200 67.891
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.70 5.133 12.920 1.667 21.533
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.70 0.000 22.916 6.800 155.829
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.320 1.25 0.000 4.150 6.800 28.220
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.
W5 0 1.760 1.70 6.412 2.992 0.388 1.161
W6 LL Surcharge 13.352 1.70 2.400 22.698 4.400 99.869
DL Surcharge 4.331 1.70 2.400 7.363 4.400 32.399
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.710 1.70 0.000 13.107 6.800 89.128
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 6.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.670 1.70 0.000 2.839 6.800 19.305
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.410 1.25 0.000 0.513 6.800 3.485
IRC loading 1.920 1.70 6.400 3.264 0.400 1.306
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 24.310
Fx pressure 1.70 41.327 -130.869
Fx' Dynamic increment 6.000 1.25 7.500 -35.625
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 13.900 1.70 4.750 23.630 -112.243
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 6.270 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.020 1.70 4.750 5.134 -24.387
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.750 1.25 6.270 0.938 -5.878
W1 Seismic Mass 0.380 1.25 0.475 -2.708
W1' Seismic Mass 0.950 1.25 1.188 -5.261
W3 Seismic Mass 7.300 1.25 9.125 -52.013
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.760 1.25 0.950 -6.622
ΣW 271.100 ΣM' 783.780
Vertical load on heel = 227.17 T
Vertical load on toe = 7.26 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.891 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.509 m
43
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 271.100 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.509 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (271.099605802048/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.509/6.8))
= 57.773 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (271.099605802048/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.509/6.8))
= 21.962 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.6 x 1.0 3.800 1.25 5.900 4.750 0.900 4.275
W1' 2.5 x 1 x 7.6 x 1.0x0.5 9.500 1.25 5.467 11.875 1.333 15.833
W2 2.5 x 6.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.100 1.25 3.400 6.375 3.400 21.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 1.25 6.267 0.250 0.533 0.133
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.8x1.6 9.600 1.25 3.200 12.000 3.600 43.200
W2''' 2.5x1.2x1x1.6 4.800 1.25 5.400 6.000 1.400 8.400
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 1.70 2.400 124.032 4.400 545.741
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 1.70 1.600 13.056 5.200 67.891
W3'' 2x0.5x1x7.5 7.600 1.70 5.133 12.920 1.667 21.533
Fy Earth pressure 13.480 1.70 0.000 22.916 6.800 155.829
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 5.800 0.000 1.000 0.000
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 2.900 0.000 3.900 0.000
2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.
1.760
W5 0 1.70 6.412 2.992 0.388 1.161
W6 LL Surcharge 13.352 1.70 2.400 22.698 4.400 99.869
DL Surcharge 4.331 1.70 2.400 7.363 4.400 32.399
Lat. Earth pressure
7.710 1.70 89.128
(LL) 0.000 13.107 6.800
Lat. Earth pressure
1.670
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.839 6.800 19.305
IRC loading 1.920 1.700 6.400 3.264 0.400 1.306
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 24.310 1.70 41.327 -130.869
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 13.900 1.70 4.750 23.630 -112.243
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.020 1.70 4.750 5.134 -24.387
ΣW 266.437 ΣM' 860.180
Vertical load on heel = 222.01 T
Vertical load on toe = 7.26 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.228 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.172 m
44
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 266.440 T
Base Width, b = 6.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.172 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (266.44/6.8) x (1+(6 x 0.172/6.8))
= 45.129 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (266.44/6.8) x (1-(6 x 0.172/6.8))
= 33.236 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 57.773 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
6.80
0.80 1.20 4.80
σmax Toe 55.7 Stem 37.695 Heel σmin
57.773 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 21.962
53.56 47.240
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.600 m
Ka (stem) = 0.376
Ca (stem) = 0.445
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.376x7.6 ^2 )/2 = 21.72 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 21.71776x Cos (17.17) = 20.75 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.53 m
Moment due to Fx = 52.57 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 3.99 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 3.98544x Cos (17.17) = 3.81 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.02 m
Moment due to Fx' = 19.10 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 71.67 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 52.57 + 1.25 x 19.1
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 113.24 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 19.02 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
45
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 7.74 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.96 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 47.94 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.200 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.38x3.8 + 0.95x2.53 + 7.3x3.8 + 0.76x5.07
= 35.441 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 44.300 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 113.244 + 47.9442013272543 + 44.3
= 205.49 T.m
= 2015.839 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2015.839/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 620 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1134 mm > 620 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 993.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 993.577 1077.300 lesser
Ast = 4664 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1134
= 2268 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4664 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1134
= 1361 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1436 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
46
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1900 mm
h = 5.70 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 217.55 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 59.88 kNm h1= 5.70
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 89.37 kNm 7.6
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 39.91 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.90
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 9.67 kNm
force on stem = 19.05 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 700.36 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3564.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.950 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (700.36/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 365.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 884.000 mm > 365 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 813.789 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 813.789 839.8 lesser
Ast = 1978.429 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 884
= 1768.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1978.429 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1134
= 1361 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1361 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 140 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1436 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
47
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.134 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.051 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 15.020 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 2.756 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 5.032 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.873 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.343 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.768 T
shear force at the section = 32.793 T
Factored shear force at the section = 50.86 T
= 498.91 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 0.985 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.51 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.68 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.58 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 127.65 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
48
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.90 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.818 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 7.936 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 1.456 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 3.268 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.300
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.238
Seismic force on stem = 5.401 T
shear force at the section = 19.599 T
Factored shear force at the section = 30.13 T
= 295.53 kN
H = 4.70
effective depth considered = 0.75 m
v = 0.39 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.90 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.75 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.68 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.8 x 7.5 x 1.0 72.960 2.400 175.104 1.7 297.68
W3' 2x0.5x4.8x1.6 7.680 3.200 24.576 1.7 41.78
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -1.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2 x 5.8 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.900 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 13.480 4.800 64.704 1.7 110.00
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.320 4.800 15.936 1.25 19.92
2.5 x 4.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.600 2.400 8.640 1.25 10.80
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.8 x 1.6 x 1.25 19.20
1.0 9.600 1.600 15.360
21.962 x 4.8 x 1.0 105.418 2.400 253.003 - -253.00
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 25.28 x 4.8 x
- -97.07
1.0 60.667 1.600 97.067
W6 LL Surcharge 13.352 2.400 32.044 1.7 54.47
DL Surcharge 4.331 2.400 10.396 1.7 17.67
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 62.91
(LL) 7.710 4.800 37.008
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 13.63
(DL) 1.670 4.800 8.016
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.46
(DL) 0.410 4.800 1.968
Total for Ka=0.308 300.452
= 300.452 T.m
= 2947.430 kN.m
49
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2947.43/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 749 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1813 mm > 749 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1699.436 (or) 1721.875 whichever is
= 1699.436 lesser
Ast = 3987 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1813
= 3625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3987 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1813
= 2175 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2244 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1813
= 2175 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2244 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
50
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.8125 m
shear force at the section = 52.28 T
= 512.862 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2048 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.43 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.59 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 134.9852
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.6000 m
effective depth considered = 0.609 m
Shear force at the section considered = 26.647 T
= 261.408 kN
v = 0.429 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.747 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.711 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
51
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x0.8x(1.2+1)x0.5x1.0 1.760 0.39 0.683 1.7 1.1611
IRC 1.920 0.40 0.768 1.7 1.3056
Self 2.5 x 0.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.600 0.40 0.240 1.25 0.3
Weight 2.5x0.5x0.8x0.2 0.200 0.27 0.053 1.25 0.066
σ- 53.56 x 0.8 42.848 0.40 17.139 - -17.139
Upward 0.5 x 4.21 x 0.8 1.685 0.53 0.898 - -0.898
ΣM = -15.204
Factored Moment, Mu = 15.204 T.m
= 149.152 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (149.152/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 169 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 413 mm > 169 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 369.647 (or) 391.875 whichever is
= 369.647 lesser
Ast = 928 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 413
= 825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 928 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 413
= 495 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 10 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 561 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 413
= 495 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 10 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 561 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
52
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.413 m
shear force at the section = 18.477 T
= 181.259 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.309 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.59 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.13 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.68 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.76 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 0 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 309.375 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 0
Reinforcement Provided = 0.00
Provide 0 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.413
face m
effective depth considered = 0.309 m
Shear force at the section considered = 18.477 T
= 181.259 kN
v = 0.586 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.13
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.677 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.764 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
53
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 37.14 2.53 94.09 1.0 94.09
Fx' 19.59 5.02 98.27 1.0 98.27
Lat. Earth pressure
3.210 1.0 3.21
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
1.565 1.2 1.88
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
1.304 1.2 1.56
incr)
Seismic force 35.44 1.0 35.44
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 972.92 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2300.0
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 941.43 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2268.5
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 972.92 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2300.0
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 972.92 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2300.0
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 972.92 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2300.0
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 941.43 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2268.5
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 941.43 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2268.5
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 972.92 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 2299.95 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 972.9206 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
54
Depth of section, D = 1200 mm
Effective depth, d = 1134.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 972.92 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0075
ρm = 0.0075 x 8 = 0.06
k = 0.292
x = 331.13 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×331.13^3)/3)+((8×8936×(1134-331.13)^2)) = 6E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 254 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 13.09 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 107 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 5.54
ε1 = =
((1200-331.13)/(1134-331.13))×(107.4018056/200000) 0.00059 mm
εs = 0.0006×((1134-331.13)/(1200-331.13)) = 0.00055 mm
εm = 0.0006-((((3.8×1000×1200×(1200- = -0.000346 mm
331.13)))/(0.0005×8936×(1200-331.13)))×(1- εm = -0.00035 mm
(0.0010/972.9206))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×0.000)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(1200-331.13)) = -0.065 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
55
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.60 2.40 8.640 1.0 8.64
slab
9.60 1.60 15.36 1.0 15.36
W3 72.96 2.40 175.1 1.0 175.10
W3' 7.68 3.20 24.58 1.0 24.58
W4 16.82 2.87 48.22 1.0 48.22
W4' 0.00 4.80 0.00 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 4.48 2.40 10.75 1.0 10.75
Surcharge
DL
1.45 2.40 3.489 1.0 3.49
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
3.09 4.80 14.83 1.0 14.83
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.80 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.08 4.80 5.184 1.0 5.18
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.27 4.80 1.296 1.0 1.30
increment (DL)
Fy 22.96 4.80 110.2 1.0 110.21
Fy' 5.67 4.80 27.22 1.0 27.22
σ 29.44 2.40 70.66 1.0 70.66
68.32 1.60 109.3 1.0 109.31
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2598.67
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2598.67
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2598.67
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2598.67
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2598.67
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2598.67
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2598.67
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 2598.67 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 2598.670 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
56
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1900 mm
Effective depth, d = 1812.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 2598.67 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0038
ρm = 0.0038 x 8 = 0.0304
k = 0.219
x = 396.94 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×396.94^3)/3)+((8×7195×(1812.5-396.94)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 216 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 7.57 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((1900-396.94)/(1812.5-396.94))×(216.089892/200000) = 0.00115 mm
εs = 0.0012×((1812.5-396.94)/(1900-396.94)) = 0.00108 mm
εm = 0.0012-((((3.8×1000×1900×(1900- = 0.0002235 mm
396.94)))/(0.0011×7195×(1900-396.94)))×(1- εm = 0.00022 mm
(0.0010/2598.6700))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×0.000)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(1900-396.94)) = 0.057 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
57
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
0.60 0.40 0.240 1.0 0.24
slab
0.20 0.27 0.053 1.0 0.05
W5 1.76 0.39 0.683 1.0 0.68
IRC 1.92 0.40 0.768 1.0 0.77
σ 33.37 0.40 13.35 1.0 -13.35
1.90 0.53 1.012 1.0 -1.01
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -123.78
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -123.78
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -123.78
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -123.78
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -123.78
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -123.78
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -123.78
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 123.78 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 123.7807 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1900 mm
Effective depth, d = 412.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 123.78 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0015
ρm = 0.0015 x 8 = 0.012
k = 0.144
x = 59.4 mm
58
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×59.40^3)/3)+((8×2727×(412.5-59.40)^2)) = 3E+09 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 125 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 2.64 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((1900-59.40)/(412.5-59.40))×(125.3304352/200000) = 0.00327 mm
εs = 0.0033×((412.5-59.40)/(1900-59.40)) = 0.00063 mm
εm = 0.0033-((((3.8×1000×1900×(1900- = -0.00095 mm
59.40)))/(0.0006×2727×(1900-59.40)))×(1- εm = -0.00095 mm
(0.0010/123.7807))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×-0.001)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(1900-59.40)) = -0.32 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
59
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW4 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 729.70 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 729.7004 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 950 mm
Effective depth, d = 884.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 729.70 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0048
ρm = 0.0048 x 8 = 0.0384
k = 0.242
x = 213.93 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×213.93^3)/3)+((8×4468×(884-213.93)^2)) = 2E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 203 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.08 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((950-213.93)/(884-213.93))×(202.5434617/200000) = 0.00112 mm
εs = 0.0011×((884-213.93)/(950-213.93)) = 0.00102 mm
εm = 0.0011-((((3.8×1000×950×(950- = 0.0003275 mm
213.93)))/(0.0010×4468×(950-213.93)))×(1- εm = 0.00033 mm
(0.0010/729.7004))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×0.000)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(950-213.93)) = 0.089 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 1.9 m from top of base slab
60
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1200 mm
height above the base
H= 7600 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1200 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 7600 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 2.24327E+12 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.00886396 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 7600 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.156188969 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000318329 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 30.4 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
61
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5
62
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 9.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.500 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 7.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 10.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.500 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.000 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.700 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.200 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.600 m
Total Base width = 8.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.500 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 10.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
7.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.500
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
9.000
W3
H' = 8.300 10.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.600 0.000 2.200 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.000 1.500 5.700
0.000
8.200
63
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 8.90°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.882
0.976 x 0.948 x 1.37
Kα = 0.7 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.060
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.060
Ca for stem Design = 1.060
64
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.2 + 8.3 + 3.5 = 14.00 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 14 ^2 )/2
= 60.368 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 60.368x Cos (29) = 52.800 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 60.368x sin (29) = 29.270 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (14/3)
= 4.667 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 246.400 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 14.000 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 14 ^2 )/2
= 75.264 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 65.83 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 36.49 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 13.03 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 7.22 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (14/2)
= 7.000 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 91.210 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
65
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 8.130 m
h1 for stability = 11.570 m
h1 for design = 3.670 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 11.57 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 7.390 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 6.46 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.58 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.785 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 6.46 x 5.785
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 37.371 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 3.58 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x8.13))
= 19.260 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 3.67 x 0.696) / (19.26)
= 2.162 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.835 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.761 T.m
66
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.060
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 4.607 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.636 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 7.6362
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.707 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 2.422 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.390 m
h1 for stability = 12.310 m
h1 for design = 4.410 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 12.31 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 2.551 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.23 T
67
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.24 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.155 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.23 x 6.155
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 13.726 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.24 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x7.39))
= 19.260 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 4.41 x 0.696) / (19.26)
= 0.843 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 2.205 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.762 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.060
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.180 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.629 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.55 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.31 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.125 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.55 x 8.1246
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 4.469 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.31 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.331 T
Dynamic increment = 0.488 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.911 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.420 T.m
68
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.63 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.5375 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
Total ΣW = 44.825 ΣM = 243.472 ΣM' = 124.094
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW =
=
2.768 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.332 m
b/6 =
1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.63 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.5375 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 240.014
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.867 143.733
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 52.800 1.0 246.400 -246.400
Total ΣW = 216.935 ΣM = 919.682 ΣM' = 859.186
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.961 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.139 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
69
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1105.590 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 246.400 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1105.59/246.4
= 4.487 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 52.800 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.935 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 108.468 T
Factor of Safety = 108.468/52.8
= 2.054 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (108.468+8.77)/52.8
= 2.22 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 52.800 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.935 T
μxW = 108.4675 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.22 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.935 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.139 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (216.935/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.139/8.2))
= 29.146 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (216.935/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.139/8.2))
2
= 23.765 T/m
70
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 28.8 Stem 26.119 Heel σmin
29.146 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.765
28.49 27.505
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 240.014
Fy' Dynamic increment 7.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 59.204
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.867 143.733
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 52.800 1.0 246.400 -246.400
Fx' 13.030
Dynamic increment 1.0 91.210 -91.210
W1 Seismic Mass 0.420 1.0 6.35 2.667 -2.667
W1' Seismic Mass 1.350 1.0 4.97 6.710 -6.710
W3 Seismic Mass 9.460 1.0 6.35 60.071 -60.071
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.080 1.0 7.73 8.348 -8.348
Total ΣW = 224.155 ΣM = 1088.688 ΣM' = 749.384
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.343 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.757 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
71
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1164.790 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 415.410 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1164.79/415.41
= 2.804 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 78.140 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 224.155 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 112.078 T
Factor of Safety = 112.078/78.14
= 1.434 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (112.078+8.77+-0.66)/78.14
= 1.54 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 78.140 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 224.155 T
μxW = 112.0775 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.538 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 224.155 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.757 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (224.155/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.757/8.2))
= 42.477 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (224.155/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.757/8.2))
= 12.195 T/m2
72
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 40.7 Stem 25.443 Heel σmin
42.477 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 12.195
38.78 33.245
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 240.014
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.867 143.733
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
W6 LL Surcharge 4.824 1.0 2.850 13.748 5.350 25.808
DL Surcharge 1.565 1.0 2.850 4.460 5.350 8.373
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.580 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 29.356
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.240 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 10.168
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 52.800 1.0 246.400 -246.400
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 6.460 1.0 5.785 37.371 -37.371
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.230 1.0 6.155 13.726 -13.726
Total ΣW = 228.144 ΣM = 988.987 ΣM' = 881.795
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.865 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.235 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
73
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1179.290 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 297.500 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1179.29/297.5
= 3.964 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 61.490 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 228.144 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 114.072 T
Factor of Safety = 114.072/61.49
= 1.855 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (114.072+8.77)/61.49
= 2 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 61.490 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 228.144 T
μxW = 114.072 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.998 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 228.144 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.235 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (228.144/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.235/8.2))
2
= 32.607 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (228.144/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.235/8.2))
2
= 23.038 T/m
74
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 32 Stem 27.224 Heel σmin
32.607 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.038
31.44 29.690
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 240.014
Fy' Dynamic increment 7.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 59.204
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.867 143.733
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 2.100 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
W6 LL Surcharge 4.824 1.0 2.850 13.748 5.350 25.808
DL Surcharge 1.565 1.0 2.850 4.460 5.350 8.373
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.580 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 29.356
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.240 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 10.168
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.310 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 2.542
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 52.800 1.0 246.400 -246.400
Fx' Dynamic increment 13.030 1.0 91.210 -91.210
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 6.460 1.0 5.785 37.371 -37.371
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 7.636 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.230 1.0 6.155 13.726 -13.726
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.550 1.0 8.125 4.469 -4.469
W1 Seismic Mass 0.42 1.0 2.667 -2.667
W1' Seismic Mass 1.35 1.0 6.7095 -6.710
W3 Seismic Mass 9.46 1.0 60.071 -60.071
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.08 1.0 8.3484 -8.348
Total ΣW = 235.674 ΣM = 1162.461 ΣM' = 770.066
75
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.268 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.832 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1241.040 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 470.970 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1241.04/470.97
= 2.635 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 87.380 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.674 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 117.837 T
Factor of Safety = 117.837/87.38
= 1.349 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (117.837+8.77+-0.66)/87.38
= 1.441371 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 87.380 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.674 T
μxW = 117.837 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.441 > 1.25, Hence Safe
76
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.674 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.832 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (235.674/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.832/8.2))
= 46.238 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (235.674/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.832/8.2))
= 11.244 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 44.2 Stem 26.554 Heel σmin
46.238 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.244
41.97 35.569
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
77
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.25 7.100 5.188 1.100 5.706
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.25 6.567 16.859 1.633 27.537
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.25 4.100 7.688 4.100 31.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.25 7.533 0.469 0.667 0.313
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.25 3.800 16.922 4.400 74.456
W2'''2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.25 6.450 8.906 1.750 15.586
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.70 2.850 160.854 5.350 860.569
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.70 1.900 18.411 6.300 115.989
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.70 6.133 18.343 2.067 37.909
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.70 0.000 49.759 8.200 408.024
Fy' Dynamic increment 7.220 1.25 0.000 9.025 8.200 74.005
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.70 2.333 41.650 5.867 244.347
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.
W5 0 2.100 1.70 7.724 3.570 0.476 1.700
W6 LL Surcharge 4.824 1.70 2.850 8.201 5.350 43.874
DL Surcharge 1.565 1.70 2.850 2.660 5.350 14.234
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 3.580 1.70 0.000 6.086 8.200 49.905
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.240 1.70 0.000 2.108 8.200 17.286
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.310 1.25 0.000 0.388 8.200 3.178
IRC loading 2.400 1.70 7.700 4.080 0.500 2.040
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 52.800
Fx pressure 1.70 89.760 -418.880
Fx' Dynamic increment 13.030 1.25 16.288 -114.013
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 6.460 1.70 5.785 10.982 -63.531
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 7.636 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.230 1.70 6.155 3.791 -23.334
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.550 1.25 8.125 0.688 -5.586
W1 Seismic Mass 0.420 1.25 0.525 -3.334
W1' Seismic Mass 1.350 1.25 1.688 -8.387
W3 Seismic Mass 9.460 1.25 11.825 -75.089
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.080 1.25 1.350 -10.436
ΣW 381.166 ΣM' 1305.588
Vertical load on heel = 321.41 T
Vertical load on toe = 9.06 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.425 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.675 m
78
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 381.166 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.675 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (381.166002336449/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.675/8.2))
= 69.442 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (381.166002336449/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.675/8.2))
= 23.525 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.25 7.100 5.188 1.100 5.706
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.25 6.567 16.859 1.633 27.537
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.25 4.100 7.688 4.100 31.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.25 7.533 0.469 0.667 0.313
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.25 3.800 16.922 4.400 74.456
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.25 6.450 8.906 1.750 15.586
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.70 2.850 160.854 5.350 860.569
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.70 1.900 18.411 6.300 115.989
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.70 6.133 18.343 2.067 37.909
Fy Earth pressure 29.270 1.70 0.000 49.759 8.200 408.024
24.500
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 1.70 2.333 41.650 5.867 244.347
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.
2.100
W5 0 1.70 7.724 3.570 0.476 1.700
W6 LL Surcharge 4.824 1.70 2.850 8.201 5.350 43.874
DL Surcharge 1.565 1.70 2.850 2.660 5.350 14.234
Lat. Earth pressure
3.580 1.70 49.905
(LL) 0.000 6.086 8.200
Lat. Earth pressure
1.240
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.108 8.200 17.286
IRC loading 2.400 1.700 7.700 4.080 0.500 2.040
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 52.800 1.70 89.760 -418.880
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 6.460 1.70 5.785 10.982 -63.531
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.230 1.70 6.155 3.791 -23.334
ΣW 371.754 ΣM' 1445.248
Vertical load on heel = 311.15 T
Vertical load on toe = 9.06 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.888 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.212 m
79
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 371.750 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.212 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (371.75/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.212/8.2))
= 52.368 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (371.75/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.212/8.2))
= 38.303 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 69.442 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 66.7 Stem 43.614 Heel σmin
69.442 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.525
63.84 55.443
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 8.300 m
Ka (stem) = 0.696
Ca (stem) = 1.060
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.696x8.3 ^2 )/2 = 47.95 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 47.94744x Cos (18.57) = 45.45 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.77 m
Moment due to Fx = 125.75 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 25.08 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 25.07596x Cos (18.57) = 23.77 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.48 m
Moment due to Fx' = 130.21 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 255.96 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 125.75 + 1.25 x 130.21
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 376.54 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 3.76 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
80
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 1.76 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.42 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 11.16 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.500 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.42x4.15 + 1.35x2.77 + 9.46x4.15 + 1.08x5.53
= 50.714 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 63.390 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 376.5375 + 11.1632272414148 + 63.39
= 451.09 T.m
= 4425.200 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4425.2/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 918 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1434 mm > 918 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1293.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1293.577 1362.300 lesser
Ast = 7864 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1434
= 2868 mm²
Hence Ast required = 7864 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1434
= 1721 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
81
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1800 mm
h = 6.50 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 592.48 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 464.79 kNm h1= 6.50
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 9.58 kNm 8.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 6.05 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.80
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 4.63 kNm
force on stem = 29.80 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1657.81 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3464.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.218 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1657.81/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 562.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1152.072 mm > 562 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1081.861 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1081.861 1094.468675 lesser
Ast = 3522.687 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1152
= 2304.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3522.687 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1434
= 1721 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1721 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
82
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.434 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.275 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 31.103 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 16.266 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.249 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.539 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.312 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.832 T
shear force at the section = 59.301 T
Factored shear force at the section = 88.93 T
= 872.37 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.209 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.72 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 303.68 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33 mm
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
83
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.40 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.967 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 15.841 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 8.285 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.151 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.183
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.106
Seismic force on stem = 6.677 T
shear force at the section = 31.242 T
Factored shear force at the section = 46.33 T
= 454.51 kN
H = 4.90
effective depth considered = 0.90 m
v = 0.50 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.86 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.70 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.61 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 2.850 269.667 1.7 458.43
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 3.800 41.154 1.7 69.96
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 3.367 82.483 1.7 140.22
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 5.700 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 29.270 5.700 166.839 1.7 283.63
Fy' Dynamic increment 7.220 5.700 41.154 1.25 51.44
2.5 x 5.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 4.275 2.850 12.184 1.25 15.23
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.7 x 1.9 x 1.25 32.15
1.0 13.538 1.900 25.721
23.525 x 5.7 x 1.0 134.093 2.850 382.165 - -382.17
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 31.92 x 5.7 x
- -172.84
1.0 90.966 1.900 172.835
W6 LL Surcharge 4.824 2.850 13.748 1.7 23.37
DL Surcharge 1.565 2.850 4.460 1.7 7.58
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 34.69
(LL) 3.580 5.700 20.406
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 12.02
(DL) 1.240 5.700 7.068
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.21
(DL) 0.310 5.700 1.767
Total for Ka=0.308 575.935
= 575.935 T.m
= 5649.925 kN.m
84
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (5649.925/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1037 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2113 mm > 1037 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1999.436 (or) 2006.875 whichever is
= 1999.436 lesser
Ast = 6496 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2113
= 4225 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6496 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
85
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.1125 m
shear force at the section = 81.86 T
= 803.032 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4048 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.57 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.44 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 177.8113
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.1000 m
effective depth considered = 0.742333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 45.412 T
= 445.495 kN
v = 0.600 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.91
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.699 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.633 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
86
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 2.100 0.48 1.000 1.7 1.7
IRC 2.400 0.50 1.200 1.7 2.04
Self 2.5 x 1 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.750 0.50 0.375 1.25 0.46875
Weight 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 0.33 0.125 1.25 0.156
σ- 63.842 x 1 63.842 0.50 31.921 - -31.921
Upward 0.5 x 5.6 x 1 2.800 0.67 1.868 - -1.868
ΣM = -29.424
Factored Moment, Mu = 29.424 T.m
= 288.649 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (288.649/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 234 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 513 mm > 234 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 469.647 (or) 486.875 whichever is
= 469.647 lesser
Ast = 1413 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 513
= 1025 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1413 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 513
= 615 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 10 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 654 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 513
= 615 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 10 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 654 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
87
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.513 m
shear force at the section = 28.773 T
= 282.259 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.359 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.79 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.09 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.70 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 384.375 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 161.5821
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.600
face m
effective depth considered = 0.333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 23.706 T
= 232.559 kN
v = 0.699 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.11
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.661 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.732 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
88
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 9.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.500 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.000 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.700 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.200 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.600 m
Total Base width = 8.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
9.000
W3
H' = 8.300 10.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.600 0.000 2.200 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.000 1.500 5.700
0.000
8.200
89
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 8.90°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.882
0.976 x 0.948 x 2.461
Kα = 0.39 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.456
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.456
Ca for stem Design = 0.456
90
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.2 + 8.3 + 0 = 10.50 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 10.5 ^2 )/2
= 33.957 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 33.957x Cos (29) = 29.700 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 33.957x sin (29) = 16.460 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10.5/3)
= 3.500 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 103.950 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 10.500 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 10.5 ^2 )/2
= 42.336 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 37.03 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 20.52 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 7.33 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 4.06 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10.5/2)
= 5.250 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 38.483 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
91
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 1.130 m
h1 for stability = 10.500 m
h1 for design = 7.170 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 10.5 x 0.308) / (3)
= 17.571 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 15.37 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 8.52 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 15.37 x 5.25
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 80.693 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 8.52 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x1.13))
= 5.260 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 7.17 x 0.387) / (5.26)
= 8.599 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.585 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 29.222 T.m
92
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.456
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 10.954 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.930 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 6.93
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 5.066 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 4.732 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.390 m
h1 for stability = 10.500 m
h1 for design = 7.910 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 10.5 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 3.817 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 3.34 T
93
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.85 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 3.34 x 5.25
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 17.535 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.85 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0.39))
= 5.260 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 7.91 x 0.387) / (5.26)
= 3.077 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.955 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 11.536 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.456
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 4.759 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.942 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.82 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.46 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.930 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.82 x 6.93
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 5.683 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.46 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 3.626 T
Dynamic increment = 0.549 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 18.57°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.221 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 2.867 T.m
94
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.63 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.5375 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
Total ΣW = 44.825 ΣM = 243.472 ΣM' = 124.094
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW =
=
2.768 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.332 m
b/6 =
1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.63 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.5375 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 134.972
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 29.700 1.0 103.950 -103.950
Total ΣW = 179.625 ΣM = 720.065 ΣM' = 752.861
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.191 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.091 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
95
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 856.810 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 103.950 T.m
Factor of Safety = 856.81/103.95
= 8.243 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 29.700 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 179.625 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 89.813 T
Factor of Safety = 89.813/29.7
= 3.024 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (89.813+8.77)/29.7
= 3.32 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 29.700 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 179.625 T
μxW = 89.8125 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.319 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 179.625 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.091 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (179.625/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.091/8.2))
= 23.364 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (179.625/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.091/8.2))
2
= 20.447 T/m
96
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 23.2 Stem 21.723 Heel σmin
23.364 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.447
23.01 22.475
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 134.972
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.060 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 33.292
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 29.700 1.0 103.950 -103.950
Fx' 7.330
Dynamic increment 1.0 38.483 -38.483
W1 Seismic Mass 0.420 1.0 6.35 2.667 -2.667
W1' Seismic Mass 1.350 1.0 4.97 6.710 -6.710
W3 Seismic Mass 9.460 1.0 6.35 60.071 -60.071
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.080 1.0 7.73 8.348 -8.348
Total ΣW = 183.685 ΣM = 836.344 ΣM' = 669.874
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.647 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.453 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
97
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 890.100 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 220.230 T.m
Factor of Safety = 890.1/220.23
= 4.042 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 49.340 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 183.685 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 91.843 T
Factor of Safety = 91.843/49.34
= 1.861 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (91.843+8.77+-0.66)/49.34
= 2.03 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 49.340 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 183.685 T
μxW = 91.8425 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.026 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 183.685 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.453 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (183.685/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.453/8.2))
= 29.826 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (183.685/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.453/8.2))
= 14.976 T/m2
98
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 28.9 Stem 21.473 Heel σmin
29.826 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 14.976
28.02 25.299
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 134.972
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.100
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
W6 LL Surcharge 17.663 1.0 2.850 50.341 5.350 94.500
DL Surcharge 5.730 1.0 2.850 16.331 5.350 30.657
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 8.520 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 69.864
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.850 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 15.170
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 29.700 1.0 103.950 -103.950
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 15.370 1.0 5.250 80.693 -80.693
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.340 1.0 5.250 17.535 -17.535
Total ΣW = 213.389 ΣM = 884.964 ΣM' = 864.825
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.053 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.047 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
99
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1067.000 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 202.180 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1067/202.18
= 5.277 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 48.410 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.389 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 106.695 T
Factor of Safety = 106.695/48.41
= 2.204 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (106.695+8.77)/48.41
= 2.39 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 48.410 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.389 T
μxW = 106.6945 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.385 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.389 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.047 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (213.389/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.047/8.2))
2
= 26.918 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (213.389/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.047/8.2))
2
= 25.128 T/m
100
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 26.8 Stem 25.911 Heel σmin
26.918 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 25.128
26.70 26.372
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.0 7.100 29.465 1.100 4.565
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.5 13.488 1.0 6.567 88.568 1.633 22.030
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.0 4.100 25.215 4.100 25.215
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.0 7.533 2.825 0.667 0.250
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.0 3.800 51.443 4.400 59.565
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.0 6.450 45.956 1.750 12.469
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.0 2.850 269.667 5.350 506.217
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.0 1.900 20.577 6.300 68.229
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.0 6.133 66.179 2.067 22.299
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 134.972
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.060 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 33.292
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 2.100 1.0 7.724 16.220 0.476 1.000
W6 LL Surcharge 17.663 1.0 2.850 50.341 5.350 94.500
DL Surcharge 5.730 1.0 2.850 16.331 5.350 30.657
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 8.520 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 69.864
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.850 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 15.170
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.200 3.772
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 29.700 1.0 103.950 -103.950
Fx' Dynamic increment 7.330 1.0 38.483 -38.483
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 15.370 1.0 5.250 80.693 -80.693
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 6.930 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.340 1.0 5.250 17.535 -17.535
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.820 1.0 6.930 5.683 -5.683
W1 Seismic Mass 0.42 1.0 2.667 -2.667
W1' Seismic Mass 1.35 1.0 6.7095 -6.710
W3 Seismic Mass 9.46 1.0 60.071 -60.071
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.08 1.0 8.3484 -8.348
Total ΣW = 217.909 ΣM = 1006.926 ΣM' = 779.927
101
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.579 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.521 m
b/6 = 1.367 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1104.070 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 324.140 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1104.07/324.14
= 3.406 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 68.870 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 217.909 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 108.955 T
Factor of Safety = 108.955/68.87
= 1.582 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (108.955+8.77+-0.66)/68.87
= 1.699797 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 68.870 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 217.909 T
μxW = 108.9545 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.7 > 1.25, Hence Safe
102
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 217.909 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.521 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (217.909/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.521/8.2))
= 36.705 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (217.909/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.521/8.2))
= 16.444 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 35.5 Stem 25.308 Heel σmin
36.705 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 16.444
34.23 30.528
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
103
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.25 7.100 5.188 1.100 5.706
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.25 6.567 16.859 1.633 27.537
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.25 4.100 7.688 4.100 31.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.25 7.533 0.469 0.667 0.313
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.25 3.800 16.922 4.400 74.456
W2'''2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.25 6.450 8.906 1.750 15.586
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.70 2.850 160.854 5.350 860.569
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.70 1.900 18.411 6.300 115.989
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.70 6.133 18.343 2.067 37.909
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.70 0.000 27.982 8.200 229.452
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.060 1.25 0.000 5.075 8.200 41.615
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.70 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.
W5 0 2.100 1.70 7.724 3.570 0.476 1.700
W6 LL Surcharge 17.663 1.70 2.850 30.028 5.350 160.650
DL Surcharge 5.730 1.70 2.850 9.742 5.350 52.117
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.520 1.70 0.000 14.484 8.200 118.769
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.850 1.70 0.000 3.145 8.200 25.789
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.460 1.25 0.000 0.575 8.200 4.715
IRC loading 2.400 1.70 7.700 4.080 0.500 2.040
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 29.700
Fx pressure 1.70 50.490 -176.715
Fx' Dynamic increment 7.330 1.25 9.163 -48.104
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 15.370 1.70 5.250 26.129 -137.177
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 6.930 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.340 1.70 5.250 5.678 -29.810
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.820 1.25 6.930 1.025 -7.103
W1 Seismic Mass 0.420 1.25 0.525 -3.334
W1' Seismic Mass 1.350 1.25 1.688 -8.387
W3 Seismic Mass 9.460 1.25 11.825 -75.089
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.080 1.25 1.350 -10.436
ΣW 352.320 ΣM' 1310.277
Vertical load on heel = 292.56 T
Vertical load on toe = 9.06 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.719 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.381 m
104
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 352.320 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.381 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (352.31977851711/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.381/8.2))
= 54.944 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (352.31977851711/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.381/8.2))
= 30.988 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.3 x 1.0 4.150 1.25 7.100 5.188 1.100 5.706
W1' 2.5 x 1.3 x 8.3 x 1.0x0.513.488 1.25 6.567 16.859 1.633 27.537
W2 2.5 x 8.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.150 1.25 4.100 7.688 4.100 31.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 1.25 7.533 0.469 0.667 0.313
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.7x1.9 13.538 1.25 3.800 16.922 4.400 74.456
W2''' 2.5x1.5x1x1.9 7.125 1.25 6.450 8.906 1.750 15.586
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 1.70 2.850 160.854 5.350 860.569
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 1.70 1.900 18.411 6.300 115.989
W3'' 2x0.5x1.3x8.2 10.790 1.70 6.133 18.343 2.067 37.909
Fy Earth pressure 16.460 1.70 0.000 27.982 8.200 229.452
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 7.000 0.000 1.200 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.70 3.500 0.000 4.700 0.000
2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.
2.100
W5 0 1.70 7.724 3.570 0.476 1.700
W6 LL Surcharge 17.663 1.70 2.850 30.028 5.350 160.650
DL Surcharge 5.730 1.70 2.850 9.742 5.350 52.117
Lat. Earth pressure
8.520 1.70 118.769
(LL) 0.000 14.484 8.200
Lat. Earth pressure
1.850
(DL) 1.70 0.000 3.145 8.200 25.789
IRC loading 2.400 1.700 7.700 4.080 0.500 2.040
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 29.700 1.70 50.490 -176.715
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 15.370 1.70 5.250 26.129 -137.177
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.340 1.70 5.250 5.678 -29.810
ΣW 346.670 ΣM' 1416.399
Vertical load on heel = 286.07 T
Vertical load on toe = 9.06 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.086 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.014 m
105
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 346.670 T
Base Width, b = 8.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.014 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (346.67/8.2) x (1+(6 x 0.014/8.2))
= 42.710 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (346.67/8.2) x (1-(6 x 0.014/8.2))
= 41.844 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 54.944 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.20
1.00 1.50 5.70
σmax Toe 53.5 Stem 41.469 Heel σmin
54.944 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 30.988
52.02 47.640
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 8.300 m
Ka (stem) = 0.387
Ca (stem) = 0.456
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.387x8.3 ^2 )/2 = 26.66 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 26.66043x Cos (18.57) = 25.27 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.77 m
Moment due to Fx = 69.92 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 4.75 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 4.75341x Cos (18.57) = 4.51 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.48 m
Moment due to Fx' = 24.68 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 94.60 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 69.92 + 1.25 x 24.68
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 149.71 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 29.22 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
106
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 11.54 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 2.87 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 72.87 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.500 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.42x4.15 + 1.35x2.77 + 9.46x4.15 + 1.08x5.53
= 50.714 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 63.390 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 149.714 + 72.872838862755 + 63.39
= 285.98 T.m
= 2805.433 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2805.433/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 731 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1434 mm > 731 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1293.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1293.577 1362.300 lesser
Ast = 4986 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1434
= 2868 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4986 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1434
= 1721 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
107
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1800 mm
h = 6.50 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 329.44 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 88.11 kNm h1= 6.50
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 160.80 kNm 8.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 67.53 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.80
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 15.89 kNm
force on stem = 29.80 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1115.46 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3464.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.218 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1115.46/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 461.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1152.072 mm > 461 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1081.861 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1081.861 1094.468675 lesser
Ast = 2370.246 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1152
= 2304.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2370.246 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1434
= 1721 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1721 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
108
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.434 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.275 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 17.294 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 3.083 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 6.521 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 2.388 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.426 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.832 T
shear force at the section = 39.545 T
Factored shear force at the section = 61.22 T
= 600.59 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.209 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.50 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 191.65 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33 mm
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
109
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.40 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.967 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 8.808 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 1.570 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 4.286 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.663
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.297
Seismic force on stem = 6.677 T
shear force at the section = 23.301 T
Factored shear force at the section = 35.77 T
= 350.88 kN
H = 4.90
effective depth considered = 0.90 m
v = 0.39 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.86 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.70 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.61 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.7 x 8.2 x 1.0 94.620 2.850 269.667 1.7 458.43
W3' 2x0.5x5.7x1.9 10.830 3.800 41.154 1.7 69.96
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -1.300 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 2.200 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 16.460 5.700 93.822 1.7 159.50
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.060 5.700 23.142 1.25 28.93
2.5 x 5.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 4.275 2.850 12.184 1.25 15.23
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.7 x 1.9 x 1.25 32.15
1.0 13.538 1.900 25.721
30.988 x 5.7 x 1.0 176.632 2.850 503.401 - -503.40
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 16.65 x 5.7 x
- -90.17
1.0 47.458 1.900 90.170
W6 LL Surcharge 17.663 2.850 50.341 1.7 85.58
DL Surcharge 5.730 2.850 16.331 1.7 27.76
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 82.56
(LL) 8.520 5.700 48.564
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 17.93
(DL) 1.850 5.700 10.545
Dynamic increment
1.25 3.28
(DL) 0.460 5.700 2.622
Total for Ka=0.308 387.736
= 387.736 T.m
= 3803.694 kN.m
110
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (3803.694/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 851 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2113 mm > 851 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1999.436 (or) 2006.875 whichever is
= 1999.436 lesser
Ast = 4373 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2113
= 4225 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4373 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
111
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.1125 m
shear force at the section = 54.16 T
= 531.349 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4048 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.38 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.44 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 113.5349
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.1000 m
effective depth considered = 0.742333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 28.802 T
= 282.551 kN
v = 0.381 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.91
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.699 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.633 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
112
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 2.100 0.48 1.000 1.7 1.7
IRC 2.400 0.50 1.200 1.7 2.04
Self 2.5 x 1 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.750 0.50 0.375 1.25 0.46875
Weight 2.5x0.5x1x0.3 0.375 0.33 0.125 1.25 0.156
σ- 52.023 x 1 52.023 0.50 26.012 - -26.012
Upward 0.5 x 2.92 x 1 1.461 0.67 0.974 - -0.974
ΣM = -22.621
Factored Moment, Mu = 22.621 T.m
= 221.912 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (221.912/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 206 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 513 mm > 206 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 469.647 (or) 486.875 whichever is
= 469.647 lesser
Ast = 1086 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 513
= 1025 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1086 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 513
= 615 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 10 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 654 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 513
= 615 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 10 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 654 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
113
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.513 m
shear force at the section = 22.023 T
= 216.047 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.359 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.60 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.09 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.70 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 384.375 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 100.24
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.600
face m
effective depth considered = 0.333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 18.121 T
= 177.770 kN
v = 0.535 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.11
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.661 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.732 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
114
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 45.45 2.77 125.7 1.0 125.75
Fx' 23.77 5.48 130.2 1.0 130.21
Lat. Earth pressure
3.761 1.0 3.76
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
1.762 1.2 2.11
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
1.420 1.2 1.70
incr)
Seismic force 50.71 1.0 50.71
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 1291.2 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3082.8
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 1254.3 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3045.9
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 1291.2 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3082.8
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 1291.2 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3082.8
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 1291.2 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3082.8
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 1254.3 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3045.9
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 1254.3 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3045.9
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 1291.22 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 3082.84 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1291.223 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
115
Depth of section, D = 1500 mm
Effective depth, d = 1434.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1291.22 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.006
ρm = 0.006 x 8 = 0.048
k = 0.266
x = 381.45 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×381.45^3)/3)+((8×8936×(1434-381.45)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 266 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 12.04 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 111 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 5.04
ε1 = =
((1500-381.45)/(1434-381.45))×(111.2860952/200000) 0.0006 mm
εs = 0.0006×((1434-381.45)/(1500-381.45)) = 0.00056 mm
εm = 0.0006-((((3.8×1000×1500×(1500- = -0.00053 mm
381.45)))/(0.0006×8936×(1500-381.45)))×(1- εm = -0.00053 mm
(0.0010/1291.2228))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×-0.001)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(1500-381.45)) = -0.1 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
116
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
4.28 2.85 12.18 1.0 12.18
slab
13.54 1.90 25.72 1.0 25.72
W3 94.62 2.85 269.7 1.0 269.67
W3' 10.83 3.80 41.15 1.0 41.15
W4 24.50 3.37 82.48 1.0 82.48
W4' 0.00 5.70 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 4.82 2.85 13.75 1.0 13.75
Surcharge
DL
1.56 2.85 4.460 1.0 4.46
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
3.58 5.70 20.41 1.0 20.41
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 5.70 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.24 5.70 7.068 1.0 7.07
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.31 5.70 1.767 1.0 1.77
increment (DL)
Fy 29.27 5.70 166.8 1.0 166.84
Fy' 7.22 5.70 41.15 1.0 41.15
σ 64.09 2.85 182.7 1.0 182.66
69.33 1.90 131.7 1.0 131.72
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3652
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3652
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3652
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3652
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3652
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3652
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3652
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 3652.00 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 3652.000 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
117
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2200 mm
Effective depth, d = 2112.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 3652.00 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0033
ρm = 0.0033 x 8 = 0.0264
k = 0.205
x = 433.07 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×433.07^3)/3)+((8×7195×(2112.5-433.07)^2)) = 2E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 259 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.35 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((2200-433.07)/(2112.5-433.07))×(259.0324452/200000) = 0.00137 mm
εs = 0.0014×((2112.5-433.07)/(2200-433.07)) = 0.00130 mm
εm = 0.0014-((((3.8×1000×2200×(2200- = 0.0004777 mm
433.07)))/(0.0013×7195×(2200-433.07)))×(1- εm = 0.00048 mm
(0.0010/3652.0000))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×0.000)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(2200-433.07)) = 0.122 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
118
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
0.75 0.50 0.375 1.0 0.38
slab
0.38 0.33 0.125 1.0 0.13
W5 2.10 0.48 1.000 1.0 1.00
IRC 2.40 0.50 1.200 1.0 1.20
σ 41.97 0.50 20.99 1.0 -20.99
2.13 0.67 1.423 1.0 -1.42
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -193.33
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -193.33
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -193.33
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -193.33
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -193.33
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -193.33
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -193.33
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 193.33 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 193.3322 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2200 mm
Effective depth, d = 512.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 193.33 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0013
ρm = 0.0013 x 8 = 0.0104
k = 0.135
x = 69.19 mm
119
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×69.19^3)/3)+((8×2727×(512.5-69.19)^2)) = 4E+09 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 156 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 3.04 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((2200-69.19)/(512.5-69.19))×(155.9082104/200000) = 0.00375 mm
εs = 0.0038×((512.5-69.19)/(2200-69.19)) = 0.00078 mm
εm = 0.0038-((((3.8×1000×2200×(2200- = -0.000179 mm
69.19)))/(0.0008×2727×(2200-69.19)))×(1- εm = -0.00018 mm
(0.0010/193.3322))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×0.000)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(2200-69.19)) = -0.061 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
120
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW5 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 1107.33 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1107.331 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1218 mm
Effective depth, d = 1152.07 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1107.33 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0037
ρm = 0.0037 x 8 = 0.0296
k = 0.216
x = 248.85 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×248.85^3)/3)+((8×4468×(1152.072289-248.85)^2))= 3E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 233 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.03 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((1218.072289-248.85)/(1152.072289-248.85))×(233.2943829/200000) = 0.00126 mm
εs = 0.0013×((1152.072289-248.85)/(1218.072289-248.85)) = 0.00117 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×1218.072289×(1218.072289- = 0.0003777 mm
248.85)))/(0.0012×4468×(1218.072289-248.85)))×(1- εm = 0.00038 mm
(0.0010/1107.3306))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×0.000)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(1218.072289-248.85)) = 0.106 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 1.8 m from top of base slab
121
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1500 mm
height above the base
H= 8300 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1500 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 8300 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 4.6416E+12 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.009381964 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 8300 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.175925276 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000243896 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 33.2 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
122
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6
123
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 10.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.500 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 7.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 10.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.700 m
Toe Slab Length = 0.700 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.500 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.400 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.600 m
Total Base width = 7.900 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.500 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 10.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
7.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.500
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
10.000
W3
H' = 8.100 11.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.600 0.000 3.400 W2 0.300
B C D A
0.700 1.700 5.500
0.000
7.900
124
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 10.49°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.899
0.967 x 0.939 x 1.37
Kα = 0.72 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.099
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.099
Ca for stem Design = 1.099
125
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3.4 + 8.1 + 3.5 = 15.00 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 15 ^2 )/2
= 69.300 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 69.3x Cos (29) = 60.610 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 69.3x sin (29) = 33.600 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15/3)
= 5.000 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 303.050 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 15.000 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 15 ^2 )/2
= 86.400 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 75.57 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 41.89 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 14.96 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 8.29 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15/2)
= 7.500 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 112.200 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
126
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.930 m
h1 for stability = 12.570 m
h1 for design = 3.670 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 12.57 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 8.029 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.02 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.89 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.285 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 7.02 x 6.285
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 44.121 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 3.89 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x7.93))
= 18.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 3.67 x 0.723) / (18.86)
= 2.293 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.835 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.950 T.m
127
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.099
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 5.005 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.296 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 8.2962
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.784 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 2.422 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.190 m
h1 for stability = 13.310 m
h1 for design = 4.410 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 13.31 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 2.758 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.41 T
128
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.34 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.655 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.41 x 6.655
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 16.039 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.34 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x7.19))
= 18.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 4.41 x 0.723) / (18.86)
= 0.894 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 2.205 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.850 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.099
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.439 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.681 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.6 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.33 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.785 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.6 x 8.7846
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 5.271 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.33 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.391 T
Dynamic increment = 0.497 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.911 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.445 T.m
129
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.40 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.2625 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.3125 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
Total ΣW = 59.913 ΣM = 314.636 ΣM' = 158.674
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW=
=
2.648 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.302 m
b/6 =
1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.40 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.2625 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.3125 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 265.440
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.567 136.383
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 60.610 1.0 303.050 -303.050
Total ΣW = 237.783 ΣM = 1035.160 ΣM' = 843.324
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.547 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.403 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
130
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1146.370 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 303.050 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1146.37/303.05
= 3.783 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 60.610 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 237.783 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 118.892 T
Factor of Safety = 118.892/60.61
= 1.962 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (118.892+8.77)/60.61
= 2.11 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 60.610 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 237.783 T
μxW = 118.8915 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.106 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 237.783 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.403 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (237.783/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.403/7.9))
= 39.312 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (237.783/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.403/7.9))
2
= 20.886 T/m
131
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 38.9 Stem 25.988 Heel σmin
39.312 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.886
37.68 33.714
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 265.440
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.290 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 65.491
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.567 136.383
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 60.610 1.0 303.050 -303.050
Fx' 14.960
Dynamic increment 1.0 112.200 -112.200
W1 Seismic Mass 0.410 1.0 7.45 3.055 -3.055
W1' Seismic Mass 1.520 1.0 6.1 9.272 -9.272
W3 Seismic Mass 8.910 1.0 7.45 66.380 -66.380
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.220 1.0 8.8 10.736 -10.736
Total ΣW = 246.073 ΣM = 1236.802 ΣM' = 707.173
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.874 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.076 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
132
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1211.860 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 504.690 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1211.86/504.69
= 2.401 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 87.630 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.073 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 123.037 T
Factor of Safety = 123.037/87.63
= 1.404 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (123.037+8.77+-0.66)/87.63
= 1.50 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 87.630 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.073 T
μxW = 123.0365 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.497 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.073 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.076 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (246.073/7.9) x (1+(6 x 1.076/7.9))
= 56.603 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (246.073/7.9) x (1-(6 x 1.076/7.9))
= 5.693 T/m2
133
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 55.4 Stem 19.79 Heel σmin
56.603 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 5.693
52.09 41.137
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 265.440
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.567 136.383
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
W6 LL Surcharge 4.753 1.0 2.750 13.072 5.150 24.480
DL Surcharge 1.542 1.0 2.750 4.241 5.150 7.942
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.890 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 30.731
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 10.586
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 60.610 1.0 303.050 -303.050
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.020 1.0 6.285 44.121 -44.121
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.410 1.0 6.655 16.039 -16.039
Total ΣW = 249.308 ΣM = 1112.632 ΣM' = 856.903
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.437 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.513 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
134
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1220.110 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 363.210 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1220.11/363.21
= 3.359 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 70.040 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.308 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 124.654 T
Factor of Safety = 124.654/70.04
= 1.780 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (124.654+8.77)/70.04
= 1.9 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 70.040 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.308 T
μxW = 124.654 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.905 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.308 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.513 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (249.308/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.513/7.9))
2
= 43.854 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (249.308/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.513/7.9))
2
= 19.262 T/m
135
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 43.3 Stem 26.071 Heel σmin
43.854 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 19.262
41.68 36.383
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 265.440
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.290 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 65.491
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.0 2.333 57.167 5.567 136.383
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.470 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
W6 LL Surcharge 4.753 1.0 2.750 13.072 5.150 24.480
DL Surcharge 1.542 1.0 2.750 4.241 5.150 7.942
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.890 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 30.731
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 10.586
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 2.607
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 60.610 1.0 303.050 -303.050
Fx' Dynamic increment 14.960 1.0 112.200 -112.200
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.020 1.0 6.285 44.121 -44.121
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 8.296 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.410 1.0 6.655 16.039 -16.039
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.600 1.0 8.785 5.271 -5.271
W1 Seismic Mass 0.41 1.0 3.0545 -3.055
W1' Seismic Mass 1.52 1.0 9.272 -9.272
W3 Seismic Mass 8.91 1.0 66.3795 -66.380
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.22 1.0 10.736 -10.736
Total ΣW = 257.928 ΣM = 1319.545 ΣM' = 718.088
136
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.784 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.166 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1288.210 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 570.120 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1288.21/570.12
= 2.260 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 97.660 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.928 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 128.964 T
Factor of Safety = 128.964/97.66
= 1.321 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (128.964+8.77+-0.66)/97.66
= 1.403584 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 97.660 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.928 T
μxW = 128.964 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.404 > 1.25, Hence Safe
137
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.928 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.166 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (257.928/7.9) x (1+(6 x 1.166/7.9))
= 61.562 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (257.928/7.9) x (1-(6 x 1.166/7.9))
= 3.736 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 60.2 Stem 19.748 Heel σmin
61.562 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 3.736
56.44 43.995
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
138
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.25 7.100 5.063 0.800 4.050
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.25 6.500 18.984 1.400 26.578
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.25 3.950 7.406 3.950 29.255
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.25 7.433 0.328 0.467 0.153
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.25 3.667 26.641 4.233 112.779
W2'''2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.25 6.350 16.469 1.550 25.527
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.70 2.750 151.470 5.150 780.071
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.70 1.833 28.985 6.067 175.842
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.70 6.000 20.655 1.900 39.245
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.70 0.000 57.120 7.900 451.248
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.290 1.25 0.000 10.363 7.900 81.864
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 1.70 2.333 41.650 5.567 231.852
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x
W5 1.0 1.470 1.70 7.567 2.499 0.333 0.833
W6 LL Surcharge 4.753 1.70 2.750 8.081 5.150 41.616
DL Surcharge 1.542 1.70 2.750 2.622 5.150 13.501
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 3.890 1.70 0.000 6.613 7.900 52.243
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.340 1.70 0.000 2.278 7.900 17.996
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.330 1.25 0.000 0.413 7.900 3.259
IRC loading 1.680 1.70 7.550 2.856 0.350 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 60.610
Fx pressure 1.70 103.037 -515.185
Fx' Dynamic increment 14.960 1.25 18.700 -140.250
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.020 1.70 6.285 11.934 -75.005
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 8.296 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.410 1.70 6.655 4.097 -27.266
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.600 1.25 8.785 0.750 -6.588
W1 Seismic Mass 0.410 1.25 0.513 -3.818
W1' Seismic Mass 1.520 1.25 1.900 -11.590
W3 Seismic Mass 8.910 1.25 11.138 -82.974
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.220 1.25 1.525 -13.420
ΣW 410.494 ΣM' 1212.813
Vertical load on heel = 341.39 T
Vertical load on toe = 6.34 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.955 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.995 m
139
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 410.494 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.995 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (410.494053419936/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.995/7.9))
= 91.228 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (410.494053419936/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.995/7.9))
= 12.694 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.25 7.100 5.063 0.800 4.050
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.25 6.500 18.984 1.400 26.578
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.25 3.950 7.406 3.950 29.255
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.25 7.433 0.328 0.467 0.153
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.25 3.667 26.641 4.233 112.779
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.25 6.350 16.469 1.550 25.527
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.70 2.750 151.470 5.150 780.071
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.70 1.833 28.985 6.067 175.842
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.70 6.000 20.655 1.900 39.245
Fy Earth pressure 33.600 1.70 0.000 57.120 7.900 451.248
24.500
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 1.70 2.333 41.650 5.567 231.852
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x
1.470
W5 1.0 1.70 7.567 2.499 0.333 0.833
W6 LL Surcharge 4.753 1.70 2.750 8.081 5.150 41.616
DL Surcharge 1.542 1.70 2.750 2.622 5.150 13.501
Lat. Earth pressure
3.890 1.70 52.243
(LL) 0.000 6.613 7.900
Lat. Earth pressure
1.340
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.278 7.900 17.996
IRC loading 1.680 1.700 7.550 2.856 0.350 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 60.610 1.70 103.037 -515.185
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.020 1.70 6.285 11.934 -75.005
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.410 1.70 6.655 4.097 -27.266
ΣW 399.719 ΣM' 1386.331
Vertical load on heel = 329.49 T
Vertical load on toe = 6.34 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.468 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.482 m
140
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Total Vertical load, ΣW = 399.720 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.482 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (399.72/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.482/7.9))
= 69.120 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (399.72/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.482/7.9))
= 32.075 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 91.228 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 89.3 Stem 34.44 Heel σmin
91.228 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 12.694
84.27 67.370
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 8.100 m
Ka (stem) = 0.723
Ca (stem) = 1.099
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.723x8.1 ^2 )/2 = 47.44 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 47.43603x Cos (20.16) = 44.53 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.70 m
Moment due to Fx = 120.23 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 24.67 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 24.66936x Cos (20.16) = 23.16 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.35 m
Moment due to Fx' = 123.80 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 244.03 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 120.23 + 1.25 x 123.8
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 359.14 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 3.95 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
141
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Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 1.85 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.45 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 11.67 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.700 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.41x4.05 + 1.52x2.7 + 8.91x4.05 + 1.22x5.4
= 48.438 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 60.550 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 359.141 + 11.6672127012949 + 60.55
= 431.36 T.m
= 4231.624 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4231.624/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 898 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1638 mm > 898 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1524.436 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1524.436 1555.625 lesser
Ast = 6381 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1638
= 3275 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6381 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1638
= 1965 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided =2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
142
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Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2500 mm
h = 5.60 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 389.76 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 304.04 kNm h1= 5.60
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 3.94 kNm 8.1
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 3.41 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.50
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 2.50 kNm
force on stem = 21.56 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1085.19 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 4164.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.237 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1085.19/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 455.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1174.537 mm > 455 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1131.684 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1115.810 1115.810185 lesser
Ast = 2235.765 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1175
= 2349.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2349.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1638
= 1965 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1965 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
143
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
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Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.638 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.397 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 28.345 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 14.741 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.192 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.528 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.293 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.172 T
shear force at the section = 54.271 T
Factored shear force at the section = 81.37 T
= 798.22 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.331 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.60 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.78 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.45 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 228.16 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 335.10 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
144
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.30 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.089 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 15.637 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 8.132 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.217 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.211
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.117
Seismic force on stem = 6.480 T
shear force at the section = 30.795 T
Factored shear force at the section = 45.72 T
= 448.55 kN
H = 4.80
effective depth considered = 1.02 m
v = 0.44 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.63 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.53 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 2.750 245.025 1.7 416.54
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 3.667 62.517 1.7 106.28
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7 x 3.5 x 1 24.500 3.167 77.583 1.7 131.89
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.5 x 1 0.000 5.500 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 33.600 5.500 184.800 1.7 314.16
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.290 5.500 45.595 1.25 56.99
2.5 x 5.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 4.125 2.750 11.344 1.25 14.18
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.5 x 3.1 x 1.25 48.84
1.0 21.313 1.833 39.073
12.694 x 5.5 x 1.0 69.817 2.750 191.997 - -192.00
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 54.68 x 5.5 x
- -275.61
1.0 150.359 1.833 275.608
W6 LL Surcharge 4.753 2.750 13.072 1.7 22.22
DL Surcharge 1.542 2.750 4.241 1.7 7.21
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 36.37
(LL) 3.890 5.500 21.395
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.500 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 12.53
(DL) 1.340 5.500 7.370
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.27
(DL) 0.330 5.500 1.815
Total for Ka=0.308 701.884
= 701.884 T.m
= 6885.480 kN.m
145
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (6885.48/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1145 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 3313 mm > 1145 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 3199.436 (or) 3146.875 whichever is
= 3146.875 lesser
Ast = 5030 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3313
= 6625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6625 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3313
= 3975 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4021 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3313
= 3975 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4021 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
146
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.3125 m
shear force at the section = 84.23 T
= 826.270 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4420 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.57 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.43 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 300.7795
Reinforcement Provided = 392.70
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.829 m
Shear force at the section considered = 48.300 T
= 473.826 kN
v = 0.572 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.88
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.674 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.594 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
147
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.470 0.33 0.490 1.7 0.833
IRC 1.680 0.35 0.588 1.7 0.9996
Self 2.5 x 0.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.525 0.35 0.184 1.25 0.23
Weight 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 0.23 0.061 1.25 0.076
σ- 84.269 x 0.7 58.988 0.35 20.646 - -20.646
Upward 0.5 x 6.96 x 0.7 2.436 0.47 1.137 - -1.137
ΣM = -19.644
Factored Moment, Mu = 19.644 T.m
= 192.709 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (192.709/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 192 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 509 mm > 192 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 438.789 (or) 483.550 whichever is
= 438.789 lesser
Ast = 1010 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 509
= 1018 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1018 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 509
= 611 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 12 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 628 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 509
= 611 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 12 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 628 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
148
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.509 m
shear force at the section = 15.513 T
= 152.187 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.291 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.52 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.15 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.82 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.93 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 0 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 381.75 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 0
Reinforcement Provided = 0.00
Provide 0 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.509
face m
effective depth considered = 0.291 m
Shear force at the section considered = 15.513 T
= 152.187 kN
v = 0.523 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.15
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.815 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.933 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
149
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Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 10.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.700 m
Toe Slab Length = 0.700 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.500 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.400 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.600 m
Total Base width = 7.900 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
10.000
W3
H' = 8.100 11.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.600 0.000 3.400 W2 0.300
B C D A
0.700 1.700 5.500
0.000
7.900
150
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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7061466
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 10.49°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.899
0.967 x 0.939 x 2.475
Kα = 0.4 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.470
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.470
Ca for stem Design = 0.470
151
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3.4 + 8.1 + 0 = 11.50 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 11.5 ^2 )/2
= 40.733 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 40.733x Cos (29) = 35.630 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 40.733x sin (29) = 19.750 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.5/3)
= 3.833 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 136.582 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 11.500 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 11.5 ^2 )/2
= 50.784 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 44.42 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 24.62 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 8.79 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 4.87 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.5/2)
= 5.750 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 50.543 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
152
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.930 m
h1 for stability = 11.500 m
h1 for design = 7.170 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 11.5 x 0.308) / (3)
= 19.245 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 16.83 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 9.33 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 16.83 x 5.75
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 96.773 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 9.33 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0.93))
= 4.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 7.17 x 0.4) / (4.86)
= 9.619 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.585 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 32.371 T.m
153
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Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.470
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 11.997 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.590 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 7.59
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 5.651 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 4.732 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.190 m
h1 for stability = 11.500 m
h1 for design = 7.910 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 11.5 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 4.181 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 3.66 T
154
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Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.03 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 3.66 x 5.75
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 21.045 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.03 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0.19))
= 4.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 7.91 x 0.4) / (4.86)
= 3.443 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.955 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 12.783 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.470
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 5.212 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 1.031 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.9 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.5 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.590 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.9 x 7.59
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 6.831 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.5 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 4.045 T
Dynamic increment = 0.602 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 20.16°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.221 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 3.143 T.m
155
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
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(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.40 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.2625 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.3125 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
Total ΣW = 59.913 ΣM = 314.636 ΣM' = 158.674
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
2.648 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.302 m
b/6 =
1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.40 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.2625 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.3125 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 156.025
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 35.630 1.0 136.582 -136.582
Total ΣW = 199.433 ΣM = 811.525 ΣM' = 763.994
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.831 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.119 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
156
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 900.580 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 136.582 T.m
Factor of Safety = 900.58/136.582
= 6.594 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 35.630 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 199.433 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 99.717 T
Factor of Safety = 99.717/35.63
= 2.799 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (99.717+8.77)/35.63
= 3.04 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 35.630 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 199.433 T
μxW = 99.7165 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.045 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 199.433 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.119 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (199.433/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.119/7.9))
= 27.526 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (199.433/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.119/7.9))
2
= 22.963 T/m
157
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 27.4 Stem 24.226 Heel σmin
27.526 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 22.963
27.12 26.140
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 156.025
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.870 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 38.473
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 35.630 1.0 136.582 -136.582
Fx' 8.790
Dynamic increment 1.0 50.543 -50.543
W1 Seismic Mass 0.410 1.0 7.45 3.055 -3.055
W1' Seismic Mass 1.520 1.0 6.1 9.272 -9.272
W3 Seismic Mass 8.910 1.0 7.45 66.380 -66.380
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.220 1.0 8.8 10.736 -10.736
Total ΣW = 204.303 ΣM = 951.510 ΣM' = 662.482
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.243 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.707 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
158
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 939.050 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 276.570 T.m
Factor of Safety = 939.05/276.57
= 3.395 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 56.480 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 204.303 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 102.152 T
Factor of Safety = 102.152/56.48
= 1.809 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (102.152+8.77+-0.66)/56.48
= 1.95 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 56.480 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 204.303 T
μxW = 102.1515 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.952 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 204.303 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.707 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (204.303/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.707/7.9))
= 39.748 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (204.303/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.707/7.9))
= 11.975 T/m2
159
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
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(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 39.1 Stem 19.665 Heel σmin
39.748 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.975
37.29 31.311
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 156.025
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
1.470
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
W6 LL Surcharge 18.447 1.0 2.750 50.728 5.150 94.999
DL Surcharge 5.984 1.0 2.750 16.457 5.150 30.819
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 9.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 73.707
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.030 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 16.037
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 35.630 1.0 136.582 -136.582
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 16.830 1.0 5.750 96.773 -96.773
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.660 1.0 5.750 21.045 -21.045
Total ΣW = 235.223 ΣM = 996.527 ΣM' = 861.738
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.663 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.287 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
160
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1116.140 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 254.400 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1116.14/254.4
= 4.387 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 56.120 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.223 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 117.612 T
Factor of Safety = 117.612/56.12
= 2.096 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (117.612+8.77)/56.12
= 2.25 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 56.120 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.223 T
μxW = 117.6115 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.252 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 235.223 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.287 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (235.223/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.287/7.9))
2
= 36.265 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (235.223/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.287/7.9))
2
= 23.285 T/m
161
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(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 36 Stem 26.879 Heel σmin
36.265 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.285
35.12 32.322
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.0 7.100 28.755 0.800 3.240
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.5 15.188 1.0 6.500 98.719 1.400 21.263
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.0 3.950 23.404 3.950 23.404
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.0 7.433 1.951 0.467 0.123
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.0 3.667 78.146 4.233 90.223
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.0 6.350 83.661 1.550 20.421
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.0 2.750 245.025 5.150 458.865
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.0 1.833 31.258 6.067 103.437
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.0 6.000 72.900 1.900 23.085
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 156.025
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.870 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 38.473
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.0 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.470 1.0 7.567 11.123 0.333 0.490
W6 LL Surcharge 18.447 1.0 2.750 50.728 5.150 94.999
DL Surcharge 5.984 1.0 2.750 16.457 5.150 30.819
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 9.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 73.707
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.030 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 16.037
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.500 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.900 3.950
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 35.630 1.0 136.582 -136.582
Fx' Dynamic increment 8.790 1.0 50.543 -50.543
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 16.830 1.0 5.750 96.773 -96.773
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 7.590 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.660 1.0 5.750 21.045 -21.045
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.900 1.0 7.590 6.831 -6.831
W1 Seismic Mass 0.41 1.0 3.0545 -3.055
W1' Seismic Mass 1.52 1.0 9.272 -9.272
W3 Seismic Mass 8.91 1.0 66.3795 -66.380
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.22 1.0 10.736 -10.736
Total ΣW = 240.593 ΣM = 1143.344 ΣM' = 757.345
162
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Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.148 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.802 m
b/6 = 1.317 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1158.560 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 401.220 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1158.56/401.22
= 2.888 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 77.870 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 240.593 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 120.297 T
Factor of Safety = 120.297/77.87
= 1.545 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (120.297+8.77+-0.66)/77.87
= 1.648992 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 77.870 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 240.593 T
μxW = 120.2965 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.649 > 1.25, Hence Safe
163
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 240.593 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.802 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (240.593/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.802/7.9))
= 49.005 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (240.593/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.802/7.9))
= 11.904 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 48.1 Stem 22.177 Heel σmin
49.005 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.904
45.72 37.734
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
164
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(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.25 7.100 5.063 0.800 4.050
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.25 6.500 18.984 1.400 26.578
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.25 3.950 7.406 3.950 29.255
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.25 7.433 0.328 0.467 0.153
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.25 3.667 26.641 4.233 112.779
W2'''2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.25 6.350 16.469 1.550 25.527
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.70 2.750 151.470 5.150 780.071
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.70 1.833 28.985 6.067 175.842
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.70 6.000 20.655 1.900 39.245
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.70 0.000 33.575 7.900 265.243
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.870 1.25 0.000 6.088 7.900 48.091
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.70 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x
W5 1.0 1.470 1.70 7.567 2.499 0.333 0.833
W6 LL Surcharge 18.447 1.70 2.750 31.359 5.150 161.499
DL Surcharge 5.984 1.70 2.750 10.173 5.150 52.393
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 9.330 1.70 0.000 15.861 7.900 125.302
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 7.900 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.030 1.70 0.000 3.451 7.900 27.263
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.500 1.25 0.000 0.625 7.900 4.938
IRC loading 1.680 1.70 7.550 2.856 0.350 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 35.630
Fx pressure 1.70 60.571 -232.189
Fx' Dynamic increment 8.790 1.25 10.988 -63.179
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 16.830 1.70 5.750 28.611 -164.513
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 7.590 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.660 1.70 5.750 6.222 -35.777
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.900 1.25 7.590 1.125 -8.539
W1 Seismic Mass 0.410 1.25 0.513 -3.818
W1' Seismic Mass 1.520 1.25 1.900 -11.590
W3 Seismic Mass 8.910 1.25 11.138 -82.974
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.220 1.25 1.525 -13.420
ΣW 382.488 ΣM' 1264.060
Vertical load on heel = 313.38 T
Vertical load on toe = 6.34 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.305 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.645 m
165
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Total Vertical load, ΣW = 382.488 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.645 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (382.487594135802/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.645/7.9))
= 72.134 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (382.487594135802/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.645/7.9))
= 24.698 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 8.1 x 1.0 4.050 1.25 7.100 5.063 0.800 4.050
W1' 2.5 x 1.5 x 8.1 x 1.0x0.515.188 1.25 6.500 18.984 1.400 26.578
W2 2.5 x 7.9 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.925 1.25 3.950 7.406 3.950 29.255
W2' 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 1.25 7.433 0.328 0.467 0.153
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.5x3.1 21.313 1.25 3.667 26.641 4.233 112.779
W2''' 2.5x1.7x1x3.1 13.175 1.25 6.350 16.469 1.550 25.527
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 1.70 2.750 151.470 5.150 780.071
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 1.70 1.833 28.985 6.067 175.842
W3'' 2x0.5x1.5x8 12.150 1.70 6.000 20.655 1.900 39.245
Fy Earth pressure 19.750 1.70 0.000 33.575 7.900 265.243
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 7.000 0.000 0.900 0.000
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 1.70 3.500 0.000 4.400 0.000
2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x
1.470
W5 1.0 1.70 7.567 2.499 0.333 0.833
W6 LL Surcharge 18.447 1.70 2.750 31.359 5.150 161.499
DL Surcharge 5.984 1.70 2.750 10.173 5.150 52.393
Lat. Earth pressure
9.330 1.70 125.302
(LL) 0.000 15.861 7.900
Lat. Earth pressure
2.030
(DL) 1.70 0.000 3.451 7.900 27.263
IRC loading 1.680 1.700 7.550 2.856 0.350 1.000
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 35.630 1.70 60.571 -232.189
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 16.830 1.70 5.750 28.611 -164.513
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.660 1.70 5.750 6.222 -35.777
ΣW 375.775 ΣM' 1394.551
Vertical load on heel = 305.55 T
Vertical load on toe = 6.34 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.711 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.239 m
166
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 375.780 T
Base Width, b = 7.900 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.239 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (375.78/7.9) x (1+(6 x 0.239/7.9))
= 56.201 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (375.78/7.9) x (1-(6 x 0.239/7.9))
= 38.933 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 72.134 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
7.90
0.70 1.70 5.50
σmax Toe 71 Stem 37.833 Heel σmin
72.134 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 24.698
67.93 57.723
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 8.100 m
Ka (stem) = 0.400
Ca (stem) = 0.470
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.4x8.1 ^2 )/2 = 26.24 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 26.244x Cos (20.16) = 24.64 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.70 m
Moment due to Fx = 66.52 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 4.59 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 4.5927x Cos (20.16) = 4.31 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.35 m
Moment due to Fx' = 23.05 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 89.57 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 66.52 + 1.25 x 23.05
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 141.90 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 32.37 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
167
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 12.78 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 3.14 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 80.69 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.700 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.41x4.05 + 1.52x2.7 + 8.91x4.05 + 1.22x5.4
= 48.438 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 60.550 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 141.8965 + 80.6913202913399 + 60.55
= 283.14 T.m
= 2777.582 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2777.582/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 727 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1638 mm > 727 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1524.436 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1524.436 1555.625 lesser
Ast = 4189 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1638
= 3275 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4189 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1638
= 1965 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided =2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
168
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
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Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2500 mm
h = 5.60 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 215.63 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 56.60 kNm h1= 5.60
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 134.72 kNm 8.1
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 58.65 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.50
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 13.55 kNm
force on stem = 21.56 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 809.94 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 4164.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.237 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (809.94/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 393.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1174.537 mm > 393 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1131.684 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1115.810 1115.810185 lesser
Ast = 1668.681 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1175
= 2349.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2349.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1638
= 1965 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1965 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
169
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.638 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.397 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 15.682 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 2.744 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 6.967 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 2.563 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.448 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.172 T
shear force at the section = 37.577 T
Factored shear force at the section = 58.32 T
= 572.09 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.331 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.43 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.78 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.45 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 157.56 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 335.10 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
170
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.30 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.089 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 8.651 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 1.514 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 4.874 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.884
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.329
Seismic force on stem = 6.480 T
shear force at the section = 23.732 T
Factored shear force at the section = 36.60 T
= 359.04 kN
H = 4.80
effective depth considered = 1.02 m
v = 0.35 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.63 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.53 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.5 x 8 x 1.0 89.100 2.750 245.025 1.7 416.54
W3' 2x0.5x5.5x3.1 17.050 3.667 62.517 1.7 106.28
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -1.500 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2x7x0x1 0.000 2.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 19.750 5.500 108.625 1.7 184.66
Fy' Dynamic increment 4.870 5.500 26.785 1.25 33.48
2.5 x 5.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 4.125 2.750 11.344 1.25 14.18
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.5 x 3.1 x 1.25 48.84
1.0 21.313 1.833 39.073
24.698 x 5.5 x 1.0 135.839 2.750 373.557 - -373.56
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 33.03 x 5.5 x
- -166.47
1.0 90.819 1.833 166.471
W6 LL Surcharge 18.447 2.750 50.728 1.7 86.24
DL Surcharge 5.984 2.750 16.457 1.7 27.98
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 87.24
(LL) 9.330 5.500 51.315
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.500 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 18.98
(DL) 2.030 5.500 11.165
Dynamic increment
1.25 3.44
(DL) 0.500 5.500 2.750
Total for Ka=0.308 487.826
= 487.826 T.m
= 4785.576 kN.m
171
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4785.576/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 955 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 3313 mm > 955 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 3199.436 (or) 3146.875 whichever is
= 3146.875 lesser
Ast = 3496 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3313
= 6625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6625 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3313
= 3975 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4021 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3313
= 3975 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4021 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
172
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.3125 m
shear force at the section = 56.25 T
= 551.794 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4420 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.38 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.43 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 195.3371
Reinforcement Provided = 392.70
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.829 m
Shear force at the section considered = 31.876 T
= 312.706 kN
v = 0.377 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.88
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.674 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.594 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
173
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x0.7x(1.2+0.9)x0.5x1.0 1.470 0.33 0.490 1.7 0.833
IRC 1.680 0.35 0.588 1.7 0.9996
Self 2.5 x 0.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.525 0.35 0.184 1.25 0.23
Weight 2.5x0.5x0.7x0.3 0.263 0.23 0.061 1.25 0.076
σ- 67.931 x 0.7 47.552 0.35 16.643 - -16.643
Upward 0.5 x 4.2 x 0.7 1.471 0.47 0.687 - -0.687
ΣM = -15.191
Factored Moment, Mu = 15.191 T.m
= 149.025 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (149.025/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 168 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 509 mm > 168 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 438.789 (or) 483.550 whichever is
= 438.789 lesser
Ast = 781 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 509
= 1018 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1018 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 509
= 611 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 12 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 628 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 509
= 611 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 12 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 628 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
174
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.509 m
shear force at the section = 11.938 T
= 117.115 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.291 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.40 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.15 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.82 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.93 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 0 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 381.75 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 0
Reinforcement Provided = 0.00
Provide 0 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.509
face m
effective depth considered = 0.291 m
Shear force at the section considered = 11.938 T
= 117.115 kN
v = 0.403 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.15
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.815 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.933 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
175
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 44.53 2.70 120.2 1.0 120.23
Fx' 23.16 5.35 123.8 1.0 123.80
Lat. Earth pressure
3.950 1.0 3.95
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
1.850 1.2 2.22
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
1.445 1.2 1.73
incr)
Seismic force 48.44 1.0 48.44
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 1240.0 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2946.7
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 1201.2 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2907.9
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 1240.0 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2946.7
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 1240.0 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2946.7
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 1240.0 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2946.7
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 1201.2 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2907.9
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 1201.2 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2907.9
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 1239.99 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 2946.69 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1239.993 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
176
Depth of section, D = 1700 mm
Effective depth, d = 1634.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1239.99 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0043
ρm = 0.0043 x 8 = 0.0344
k = 0.231
x = 377.46 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×377.46^3)/3)+((8×7195×(1634-377.46)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 272 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 10.22 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 115 acr = 64.515 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 4.30
ε1 = =
((1700-377.46)/(1634-377.46))×(114.5584646/200000) 0.00061 mm
εs = 0.0006×((1634-377.46)/(1700-377.46)) = 0.00058 mm
εm = 0.0006-((((3.8×1000×1700×(1700- = -0.000939 mm
377.46)))/(0.0006×7195×(1700-377.46)))×(1- εm = -0.00094 mm
(0.0010/1239.9933))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×64.52×-0.001)/(1+2×(64.52-50)/(1700-377.46)) = -0.178 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
177
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
4.13 2.75 11.34 1.0 11.34
slab
21.31 1.83 39.07 1.0 39.07
W3 89.10 2.75 245.0 1.0 245.03
W3' 17.05 3.67 62.52 1.0 62.52
W4 24.50 3.17 77.58 1.0 77.58
W4' 0.00 5.50 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 4.75 2.75 13.07 1.0 13.07
Surcharge
DL
1.54 2.75 4.241 1.0 4.24
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
3.89 5.50 21.40 1.0 21.40
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 5.50 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.34 5.50 7.370 1.0 7.37
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.33 5.50 1.815 1.0 1.82
increment (DL)
Fy 33.60 5.50 184.8 1.0 184.80
Fy' 8.29 5.50 45.60 1.0 45.60
σ 20.55 2.75 56.5 1.0 56.51
110.71 1.83 203.0 1.0 202.97
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 4457.17
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 4457.17
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 4457.17
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 4457.17
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 4457.17
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 4457.17
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 4457.17
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 4457.17 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 4457.170 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
178
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3400 mm
Effective depth, d = 3312.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 4457.17 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0022
ρm = 0.0022 x 8 = 0.0176
k = 0.171
x = 566.44 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×566.44^3)/3)+((8×7195×(3312.5-566.44)^2)) = 5E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 198 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 5.10 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((3400-566.44)/(3312.5-566.44))×(197.9595429/200000) = 0.00103 mm
εs = 0.0010×((3312.5-566.44)/(3400-566.44)) = 0.00100 mm
εm = 0.0010-((((3.8×1000×3400×(3400- = -0.000769 mm
566.44)))/(0.0010×7195×(3400-566.44)))×(1- εm = -0.00077 mm
(0.0010/4457.1700))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×-0.001)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(3400-566.44)) = -0.197 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
179
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
0.53 0.35 0.184 1.0 0.18
slab
0.26 0.23 0.061 1.0 0.06
W5 1.47 0.33 0.490 1.0 0.49
IRC 1.68 0.35 0.588 1.0 0.59
σ 39.51 0.35 13.83 1.0 -13.83
1.79 0.47 0.837 1.0 -0.84
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -130.88
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -130.88
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -130.88
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -130.88
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -130.88
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -130.88
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -130.88
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 130.88 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 130.8775 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3400 mm
Effective depth, d = 509.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 130.88 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0014
ρm = 0.0014 x 8 = 0.0112
k = 0.139
x = 70.76 mm
180
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×70.76^3)/3)+((8×4468×(509-70.76)^2)) = 7E+09 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 66 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 1.33 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((3400-70.76)/(509-70.76))×(65.710063/200000) = 0.0025 mm
εs = 0.0025×((509-70.76)/(3400-70.76)) = 0.00033 mm
εm = 0.0025-((((3.8×1000×3400×(3400- = -0.006287 mm
70.76)))/(0.0003×4468×(3400-70.76)))×(1- εm = -0.00629 mm
(0.0010/130.8775))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×-0.006)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(3400-70.76)) = -2.156 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
181
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW6 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 725.19 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 725.1933 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 63 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1237 mm
Effective depth, d = 1174.54 mm
Service Bending Moment = 725.19 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0023
ρm = 0.0023 x 8 = 0.0184
k = 0.175
x = 205.55 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×205.55^3)/3)+((8×2727×(1174.537037-205.55)^2))= 2E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 240 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 6.38 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((1237.037037-205.55)/(1174.537037-205.55))×(240.4590956/200000) = 0.00128 mm
εs = 0.0013×((1174.537037-205.55)/(1237.037037-205.55)) = 0.00120 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×1237.037037×(1237.037037- = -0.000154 mm
205.55)))/(0.0012×2727×(1237.037037-205.55)))×(1- εm = -0.00015 mm
(0.0010/725.1933))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×0.000)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(1237.037037-205.55)) = -0.044 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 2.5 m from top of base slab
182
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1700 mm
height above the base
H= 8100 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1700 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 8100 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 6.49907E+12 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.010424128 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 8100 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.177960027 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000162445 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 32.4 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
183
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66
184
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
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(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 6.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 4.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 8.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track Centre,
L' = 11.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.000 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.200 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.000 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 6.700 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 2.500 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 11.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
8.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 2.500
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
6.000
W3
H' = 5.500 7.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.900 2.000 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.500 1.000 4.200
1.150
6.700
185
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 26.57°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 8.28°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.875
0.979 x 0.951 x 1.37
Kα = 0.686 for stem design
Kα = 0.594 for stability check
Kp = 0.765
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.899
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic component
is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 1.031
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 1.031
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.045
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.045
Ca for stem Design = 1.045
186
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2 + 5.5 + 2.5 = 10.00 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.594 x 2 x 10 ^2 )/2
= 59.400 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal Component,
Fx = 59.4x Cos (29) = 51.950 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 59.4x sin (29) = 28.800 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10/3)
= 3.333 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 173.167 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 10.000 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (1.031 x 2 x 10 ^2 )/2
= 103.100 T
The above force making an angle with the horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 90.17 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 49.98 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 38.22 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 21.18 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10/2)
= 5.000 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 191.100 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
187
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 5.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 9.630 m
h1 for stability = 6.070 m
h1 for design = 0.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x5.43))
= 13.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 6.07 x 0.594) / (13.86)
= 4.240 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.71 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 2.06 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.035 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 3.71 x 3.035
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 11.26 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 2.06 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x9.63))
= 22.260 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 0 x 0.686) / (22.26)
= 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = 0.000 T.m
188
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.045
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 4.114 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, P = 0.000 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.006 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0 x 4.0062
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0x0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.000 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn =incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 4.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 8.890 m
h1 for stability = 6.810 m
h1 for design = 0.610 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x4.69))
= 13.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 6.81 x 0.594) / (13.86)
= 1.543 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.35 T
189
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
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Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.75 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.405 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.35 x 3.405
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 4.597 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.75 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x8.89))
= 22.260 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 0.61 x 0.686) / (22.26)
= 0.099 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.305 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = 0.029 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.045
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 2.679 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, P = 1.136 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.99 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.55 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.495 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.99 x 4.4946
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 4.45 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0.55 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.158 T
Dynamic increment = 0.059 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 0.403 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.024 T.m
190
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
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(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.97 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.25 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
Total ΣW = 27.575 ΣM = 108.270 ΣM' = 76.484
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.774 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.576 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.97 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.25 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 192.960
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 51.950 1.0 173.167 -173.167
Total ΣW = 129.315 ΣM = 445.229 ΣM' = 421.183
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.257 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.093 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
191
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
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(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 594.350 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 173.167 T.m
Factor of Safety = 594.35/173.167
= 3.432 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 51.950 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 129.315 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 64.658 T
Factor of Safety = 64.658/51.95
= 1.245 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (64.658+8.77)/51.95
= 1.41 Provide Shear Key.
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 27.148 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 38.485
Active Pressure Pa = 51.950 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 131.903 T
μxW = 65.95125 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.179 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 129.315 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.093 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (129.315/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.093/6.7))
= 20.908 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (129.315/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.093/6.7))
2
= 17.693 T/m
192
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
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(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 20.578 Stem 18.789 Heel σmin
20.908 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 17.693
20.19 19.708
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 192.960
Fy' Dynamic increment 21.180 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 141.906
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 51.950 1.0 173.167 -173.167
Fx' 38.220
Dynamic increment 1.0 191.100 -191.100
W1 Seismic Mass 0.280 1.0 4.75 1.330 -1.330
W1' Seismic Mass 0.550 1.0 3.83 2.107 -2.107
W3 Seismic Mass 4.620 1.0 4.75 21.945 -21.945
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.440 1.0 5.67 2.495 -2.495
Total ΣW = 150.495 ΣM = 664.206 ΣM' = 344.112
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.287 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.063 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
193
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 736.260 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 392.140 T.m
Factor of Safety = 736.26/392.14
= 1.878 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 96.060 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 150.495 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 75.248 T
Factor of Safety = 75.248/96.06
= 0.783 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (75.248+8.77+-0.66)/96.06
= 0.87 Provide Shear Key.
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 25.108 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 35.593 T
Active Pressure Pa = 96.060 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 153.083 T
μxW = 76.54125 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.252 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 150.495 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.063 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (150.495/6.7) x (1+(6 x 1.063/6.7))
= 43.844 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (150.495/6.7) x (1-(6 x 1.063/6.7))
= 1.080 T/m2
194
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 39.456 Stem 15.664 Heel σmin
43.844 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.080
34.27 27.887
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 192.960
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
W6 LL Surcharge 1.538 1.0 1.050 1.615 5.650 8.688
DL Surcharge 0.998 1.0 2.100 2.095 4.600 4.590
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.060 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 13.802
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 5.025
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 51.950 1.0 173.167 -173.167
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.710 1.0 3.035 11.260 -11.260
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.350 1.0 3.405 4.597 -4.597
Total ΣW = 134.660 ΣM = 464.796 ΣM' = 437.431
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.248 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.102 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
195
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 626.450 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 189.020 T.m
Factor of Safety = 626.45/189.02
= 3.314 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 57.010 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 134.660 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 67.330 T
Factor of Safety = 67.33/57.01
= 1.181 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (67.33+8.77)/57.01
= 1.33 Provide Shear Key.
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 27.148
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 38.485
Active Pressure Pa = 57.010 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 137.248 T
μxW = 68.62375 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.033 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 134.660 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.102 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (134.66/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.102/6.7))
2
= 21.934 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (134.66/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.102/6.7))
2
= 18.263 T/m
196
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 21.557 Stem 19.515 Heel σmin
21.934 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 18.263
21.11 20.564
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 192.960
Fy' Dynamic increment 21.180 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 141.906
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.700 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
W6 LL Surcharge 1.538 1.0 1.050 1.615 5.650 8.688
DL Surcharge 0.998 1.0 2.100 2.095 4.600 4.590
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.060 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 13.802
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 5.025
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.550 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 3.685
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 51.950 1.0 173.167 -173.167
Fx' Dynamic increment 38.220 1.0 191.100 -191.100
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.710 1.0 3.035 11.260 -11.260
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 4.006 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.350 1.0 3.405 4.597 -4.597
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.990 1.0 4.495 4.450 -4.450
W1 Seismic Mass 0.28 1.0 1.33 -1.330
W1' Seismic Mass 0.55 1.0 2.1065 -2.107
W3 Seismic Mass 4.62 1.0 21.945 -21.945
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.44 1.0 2.4948 -2.495
Total ΣW = 156.390 ΣM = 688.222 ΣM' = 359.596
197
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.299 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.051 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 772.050 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 412.450 T.m
Factor of Safety = 772.05/412.45
= 1.872 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 102.110 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 156.390 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 78.195 T
Factor of Safety = 78.195/102.11
= 0.766 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (78.195+8.77+-0.66)/102.11
= 0.845216 Provide Shear Key.
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 25.108 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 25.108
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 49.751
Active Pressure Pa = 102.110 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 158.978 T
μxW = 79.48875 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.345 > 1.25, Hence Safe
198
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 156.390 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.051 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (156.39/6.7) x (1+(6 x 1.051/6.7))
= 45.311 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (156.39/6.7) x (1-(6 x 1.051/6.7))
= 1.373 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 40.802 Stem 16.358 Heel σmin
45.311 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.373
35.47 28.916
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
199
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.25 5.100 3.438 1.600 5.500
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.25 4.733 6.875 1.967 13.521
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.25 3.350 6.281 3.350 21.042
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.25 5.700 1.406 1.000 1.406
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.25 2.800 11.156 3.900 43.509
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.25 4.700 5.313 2.000 10.625
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.70 2.100 78.540 4.600 361.284
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.70 1.400 12.138 5.300 64.331
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.70 4.467 7.480 2.233 16.705
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.70 0.000 48.960 6.700 328.032
Fy' Dynamic increment 21.180 1.25 0.000 26.475 6.700 177.383
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.70 1.667 21.250 5.033 106.958
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.
W5 0 2.700 1.70 6.033 4.590 0.667 3.060
W6 LL Surcharge 1.538 1.70 1.050 2.614 5.650 14.770
DL Surcharge 0.998 1.70 2.100 1.696 4.600 7.802
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.060 1.70 0.000 3.502 6.700 23.463
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.750 1.70 0.000 1.275 6.700 8.543
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.550 1.25 0.000 0.688 6.700 4.606
IRC loading 3.600 1.70 5.950 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
51.950
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 1.70 88.315 -294.384
Fx' Dynamic increment 38.220 1.25 47.775 -238.875
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.710 1.70 3.035 6.307 -19.142
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 4.006 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.350 1.70 3.405 2.295 -7.814
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.990 1.25 4.495 1.238 -5.562
W1 Seismic Mass 0.280 1.25 0.350 -1.663
W1' Seismic Mass 0.550 1.25 0.688 -2.633
W3 Seismic Mass 4.620 1.25 5.775 -27.431
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.440 1.25 0.550 -3.119
ΣW 249.797 ΣM' 616.509
Vertical load on heel = 212.23 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.52 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.468 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.882 m
200
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.797 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.882 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (249.796551886792/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.882/6.7))
= 66.731 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (249.796551886792/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.882/6.7))
= 7.835 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.25 5.100 3.438 1.600 5.500
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.25 4.733 6.875 1.967 13.521
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.25 3.350 6.281 3.350 21.042
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.25 5.700 1.406 1.000 1.406
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.25 2.800 11.156 3.900 43.509
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.25 4.700 5.313 2.000 10.625
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.70 2.100 78.540 4.600 361.284
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.70 1.400 12.138 5.300 64.331
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.70 4.467 7.480 2.233 16.705
Fy Earth pressure 28.800 1.70 0.000 48.960 6.700 328.032
12.500
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 1.70 1.667 21.250 5.033 106.958
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.
2.700
W5 0 1.70 6.033 4.590 0.667 3.060
W6 LL Surcharge 1.538 1.70 1.050 2.614 5.650 14.770
DL Surcharge 0.998 1.70 2.100 1.696 4.600 7.802
2.060 1.70 23.463
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 0.000 3.502 6.700
Lat. Earth pressure
0.750
(DL) 1.70 0.000 1.275 6.700 8.543
IRC loading 3.600 1.700 5.950 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 51.950 1.70 88.315 -294.384
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.710 1.70 3.035 6.307 -19.142
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.350 1.70 3.405 2.295 -7.814
ΣW 222.634 ΣM' 713.803
Vertical load on heel = 184.75 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.52 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.206 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.144 m
201
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 222.630 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.144 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (222.63/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.144/6.7))
= 37.513 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (222.63/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.144/6.7))
= 28.943 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 66.731 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 60.688 Stem 27.921 Heel σmin
66.731 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 7.835
53.55 44.755
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 5.500 m
Ka (stem) = 0.686
Ca (stem) = 1.045
Active Earth Pressure (2x0.686x5.5 ^2 )/2 = 20.75 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx 20.7515x Cos (17.95) = 19.74 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 1.83 m
Moment due to Fx = 36.19 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 10.86 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx' 10.85975x Cos (17.95) = 10.33 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 3.63 m
Moment due to Fx' = 37.50 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 73.69 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 36.19 + 1.25 x 37.5
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 108.40 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL surcharge = 0.00 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
202
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL surcharge = 0.03 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.02 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 0.08 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.000 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.28x2.75 + 0.55x1.83 + 4.62x2.75 + 0.44x3.67
= 16.096 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 20.120 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 108.398 + 0.0784343731710583 + 20.12
= 128.60 T.m
= 1261.531 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1261.531/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 490 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 940 mm > 490 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 885.141 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 885.141 893.000 lesser
Ast = 3276 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 940
= 1880 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3276 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3491 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 940
= 1128 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
203
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1600 mm
h = 3.90 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 126.59 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 99.37 kNm h1= 3.90
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 0.00 kNm 5.5
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.60
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 0.00 kNm
force on stem = 7.70 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 349.04 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 2640.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.767 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (349.04/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 258.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 707.273 mm > 258 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 679.851 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 671.909 671.9090909 lesser
Ast = 1194.195 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 707
= 1415.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1415.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 1745.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 940
= 1128 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1128 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
204
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.940 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.863 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 13.570 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 7.102 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Seismic force on stem = 4.739 T
shear force at the section = 25.411 T
Factored shear force at the section = 37.87 T
= 371.50 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 0.803 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.46 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.89 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 170 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 182.27 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 295.68 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 170 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
205
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
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Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 1.00 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.855 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 13.215 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 6.916 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000
Seismic force on stem = 4.668 T
shear force at the section = 24.799 T
Factored shear force at the section = 36.95 T
= 362.44 kN
H = 4.50
effective depth considered = 0.79 m
v = 0.46 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.89 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 2.100 97.020 1.7 164.93
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 2.800 19.992 1.7 33.99
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 2.533 31.667 1.7 53.83
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 4.200 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 28.800 4.200 120.960 1.7 205.63
Fy' Dynamic increment 21.180 4.200 88.956 1.25 111.20
2.5 x 4.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.150 2.100 6.615 1.25 8.27
Self
Weight 1.25 15.62
2.5x0.5 x 4.2 x 1.7 x 1.0 8.925 1.400 12.495
7.835 x 4.2 x 1.0 32.907 2.100 69.105 - -69.11
σ-
Upward - -108.55
0.5 x 36.92 x 4.2 x 1.0 77.532 1.400 108.545
W6 LL Surcharge 1.538 3.150 4.844 1.7 8.23
DL Surcharge 0.998 2.100 2.095 1.7 3.56
1.7 14.71
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.060 4.200 8.652
1.25 0.00
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 4.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 5.36
(DL) 0.750 4.200 3.150
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.89
(DL) 0.550 4.200 2.310
Total for Ka=0.594 450.566
= 450.566 T.m
= 4420.052 kN.m
206
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4420.052/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 918 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1915 mm > 918 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1817.367 (or) 1819.250 whichever is
= 1817.367 lesser
Ast = 5591 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1915
= 3830 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5591 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 6213 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1915
= 2298 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1915
= 2298 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
207
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.9150 m
shear force at the section = 74.61 T
= 731.954 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1339 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.65 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.47 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 318.1744
Reinforcement Provided = 392.70
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.2000 m
effective depth considered = 0.613762 m
Shear force at the section considered = 38.301 T
= 375.737 kN
v = 0.612 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.709 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.674 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
208
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.700 0.67 1.800 1.7 3.06
IRC 3.600 0.75 2.700 1.7 4.59
Self 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.125 0.75 0.844 1.25 1.055
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 0.50 0.563 1.25 0.704
σ- 53.545 x 1.5 80.318 0.75 60.238 - -60.238
Upward 0.5 x 13.19 x 1.5 9.889 1.00 9.889 - -9.889
ΣM = -60.718
Factored Moment, Mu = 60.718 T.m
= 595.646 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (595.646/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 337 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 813 mm > 337 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 769.647 (or) 771.875 whichever is
= 769.647 lesser
Ast = 1779 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 813
= 1625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1779 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
209
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.813 m
shear force at the section = 37.602 T
= 368.880 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.488 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.76 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.01 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.59 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 316.1971
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided from = the face
1.100 m
effective depth considered = 0.373 m
Shear force at the section considered = 22.383 T
= 219.579 kN
v = 0.589 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.08
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.637 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.685 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
210
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 49.75 T
Active Pressure = 102.11 T
Net force acting on shear key = 52.36 T
Vu =
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear key 52.36 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M = 1004 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 900 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1004.16562807077/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 437 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 815 mm Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 760 (or) 774.25 which ever is lesser
= 760
Ast Required = 3037 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1630 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3037 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3491 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Ast Provided = 3491 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 200 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 200 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1005 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 200 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 200 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1005 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
211
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 6.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 2.500 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 5.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track Centre, L' = 8.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.000 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.200 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.000 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 6.700 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 2.500 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 8.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
5.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 2.500
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
6.000
W3
H' = 5.500 7.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.900 2.000 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.500 1.000 4.200
1.150
6.700
212
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 8.28°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.875
0.979 x 0.951 x 1.37
Kα = 0.686 for stem design
Kα = 0.308 for stability check
Kp = 0.765
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.899
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic component is
omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.045
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.045
Ca for stem Design = 1.045
213
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2 + 5.5 + 2.5 = 10.00 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 10 ^2 )/2
= 30.800 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal Component,
Fx = 30.8x Cos (29) = 26.940 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 30.8x sin (29) = 14.930 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10/3)
= 3.333 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 89.800 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 10.000 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 10 ^2 )/2
= 38.400 T
The above force making an angle with the horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 33.59 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 18.62 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 6.65 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 3.69 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (10/2)
= 5.000 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 33.250 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
214
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.630 m
h1 for stability = 7.570 m
h1 for design = 1.370 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 7.57 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 4.835 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.23 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 2.34 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.785 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 4.23 x 3.785
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 16.011 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 2.34 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x6.63))
= 16.260 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 1.37 x 0.686) / (16.26)
= 0.942 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.685 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = 0.614 T.m
215
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
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Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.045
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 3.014 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, P for = 0.000 T
stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.996 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0 x 4.9962
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0x0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.748 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 0.904 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn incr)
= 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 5.890 m
h1 for stability = 8.310 m
h1 for design = 2.110 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 8.31 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 1.722 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.51 T
216
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.83 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.155 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to DL = 1.51 x 4.155
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 6.274 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to DL = 0.83 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x5.89))
= 16.260 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 2.11 x 0.686) / (16.26)
= 0.471 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.055 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = 0.473 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.045
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 2.147 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, P = 0.425 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.37 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.21 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.485 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0.37 x 5.4846
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 2.029 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0.21 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.747 T
Dynamic increment = 0.276 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 17.95°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 1.393 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.385 T.m
217
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.97 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.25 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
Total ΣW = 27.575 ΣM = 108.270 ΣM' = 76.484
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.774 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.576 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.97 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.25 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 100.031
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 26.940 1.0 89.800 -89.800
Total ΣW = 115.445 ΣM = 361.862 ΣM' = 411.621
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.566 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.216 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
218
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 501.420 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 89.800 T.m
Factor of Safety = 501.42/89.8
= 5.584 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 26.940 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 115.445 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 57.723 T
Factor of Safety = 57.723/26.94
= 2.143 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (57.723+8.77)/26.94
= 2.47 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 27.148 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 38.485
Active Pressure Pa = 26.940 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 118.033 T
μxW = 59.01625 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.945 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 115.445 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.216 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (115.445/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.216/6.7))
= 20.564 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (115.445/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.216/6.7))
2
= 13.898 T/m
219
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 19.88 Stem 16.171 Heel σmin
20.564 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 13.898
19.07 18.077
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 100.031
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.690 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 24.723
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 26.940 1.0 89.800 -89.800
Fx' 6.650
Dynamic increment 1.0 33.250 -33.250
W1 Seismic Mass 0.280 1.0 4.75 1.330 -1.330
W1' Seismic Mass 0.550 1.0 3.83 2.107 -2.107
W3 Seismic Mass 4.620 1.0 4.75 21.945 -21.945
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.440 1.0 5.67 2.495 -2.495
Total ΣW = 119.135 ΣM = 422.989 ΣM' = 375.217
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.150 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.2 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
220
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 526.140 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 150.930 T.m
Factor of Safety = 526.14/150.93
= 3.486 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 39.480 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 119.135 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 59.568 T
Factor of Safety = 59.568/39.48
= 1.509 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (59.568+8.77+-0.66)/39.48
= 1.71 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 25.108 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 35.593 T
Active Pressure Pa = 39.480 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 121.723 T
μxW = 60.86125 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.649 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 119.135 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.200 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (119.135/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.2/6.7))
= 20.966 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (119.135/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.2/6.7))
= 14.597 T/m2
221
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 20.312 Stem 16.769 Heel σmin
20.966 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 14.597
19.54 18.590
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 100.031
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
W6 LL Surcharge 4.210 1.0 2.100 8.842 4.600 19.368
DL Surcharge 1.366 1.0 2.100 2.868 4.600 6.283
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 15.678
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.830 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 5.561
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 26.940 1.0 89.800 -89.800
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.230 1.0 3.785 16.011 -16.011
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.510 1.0 4.155 6.274 -6.274
Total ΣW = 124.191 ΣM = 395.857 ΣM' = 436.226
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.513 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.163 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
222
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 548.310 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 112.080 T.m
Factor of Safety = 548.31/112.08
= 4.892 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 32.680 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 124.191 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 62.096 T
Factor of Safety = 62.096/32.68
= 1.900 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (62.096+8.77)/32.68
= 2.17 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 27.148
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 38.485
Active Pressure Pa = 32.680 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 126.779 T
μxW = 63.38925 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.386 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 124.191 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.163 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (124.191/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.163/6.7))
2
= 21.242 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (124.191/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.163/6.7))
2
= 15.830 T/m
223
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 20.687 Stem 17.676 Heel σmin
21.242 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 15.830
20.03 19.223
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.0 5.100 14.025 1.600 4.400
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.0 4.733 26.033 1.967 10.817
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.0 3.350 16.834 3.350 16.834
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.0 5.700 6.413 1.000 1.125
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.0 2.800 24.990 3.900 34.808
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.0 4.700 19.975 2.000 8.500
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.0 2.100 97.020 4.600 212.520
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.0 1.400 9.996 5.300 37.842
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.0 4.467 19.653 2.233 9.827
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 100.031
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.690 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 24.723
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.0 1.667 20.833 5.033 62.917
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.700 1.0 6.033 16.290 0.667 1.800
W6 LL Surcharge 4.210 1.0 2.100 8.842 4.600 19.368
DL Surcharge 1.366 1.0 2.100 2.868 4.600 6.283
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 15.678
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.830 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 5.561
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.210 1.0 0.000 0.000 6.700 1.407
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 26.940 1.0 89.800 -89.800
Fx' Dynamic increment 6.650 1.0 33.250 -33.250
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.230 1.0 3.785 16.011 -16.011
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 4.996 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.510 1.0 4.155 6.274 -6.274
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.370 1.0 5.485 2.029 -2.029
W1 Seismic Mass 0.28 1.0 1.33 -1.330
W1' Seismic Mass 0.55 1.0 2.1065 -2.107
W3 Seismic Mass 4.62 1.0 21.945 -21.945
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.44 1.0 2.4948 -2.495
Total ΣW = 128.091 ΣM = 459.013 ΣM' = 399.200
224
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.117 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.233 m
b/6 = 1.117 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 574.440 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 175.240 T.m
Factor of Safety = 574.44/175.24
= 3.278 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 45.590 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 128.091 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 64.046 T
Factor of Safety = 64.046/45.59
= 1.405 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (64.046+8.77+-0.66)/45.59
= 1.582716 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.150
0.900
Assume shear key of 1150 x 900 hp = 3.481 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 25.108 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 25.108
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 49.751
Active Pressure Pa = 45.590 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2.5875 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 130.679 T
μxW = 65.33925 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.702 > 1.25, Hence Safe
225
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 128.091 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.233 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (128.091/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.233/6.7))
= 23.107 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (128.091/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.233/6.7))
= 15.129 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 22.288 Stem 17.85 Heel σmin
23.107 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 15.129
21.32 20.130
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
226
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.25 5.100 3.438 1.600 5.500
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.25 4.733 6.875 1.967 13.521
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.25 3.350 6.281 3.350 21.042
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.25 5.700 1.406 1.000 1.406
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.25 2.800 11.156 3.900 43.509
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.25 4.700 5.313 2.000 10.625
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.70 2.100 78.540 4.600 361.284
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.70 1.400 12.138 5.300 64.331
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.70 4.467 7.480 2.233 16.705
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.70 0.000 25.381 6.700 170.053
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.690 1.25 0.000 4.613 6.700 30.904
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 1.70 1.667 21.250 5.033 106.958
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.700 1.70 6.033 4.590 0.667 3.060
W6 LL Surcharge 4.210 1.70 2.100 7.158 4.600 32.925
DL Surcharge 1.366 1.70 2.100 2.322 4.600 10.681
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.340 1.70 0.000 3.978 6.700 26.653
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.830 1.70 0.000 1.411 6.700 9.454
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.210 1.25 0.000 0.263 6.700 1.759
IRC loading 3.600 1.70 5.950 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
26.940
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 1.70 45.798 -152.660
Fx' Dynamic increment 6.650 1.25 8.313 -41.563
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.230 1.70 3.785 7.191 -27.218
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 4.996 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.510 1.70 4.155 2.567 -10.666
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.370 1.25 5.485 0.463 -2.537
W1 Seismic Mass 0.280 1.25 0.350 -1.663
W1' Seismic Mass 0.550 1.25 0.688 -2.633
W3 Seismic Mass 4.620 1.25 5.775 -27.431
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.440 1.25 0.550 -3.119
ΣW 209.711 ΣM' 665.472
Vertical load on heel = 172.15 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.52 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.173 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.177 m
227
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 209.711 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.177 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (209.711351476015/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.177/6.7))
= 36.262 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (209.711351476015/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.177/6.7))
= 26.339 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 5.5 x 1.0 2.750 1.25 5.100 3.438 1.600 5.500
W1' 2.5 x 0.8 x 5.5 x 1.0x0.5 5.500 1.25 4.733 6.875 1.967 13.521
W2 2.5 x 6.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.025 1.25 3.350 6.281 3.350 21.042
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 1.25 5.700 1.406 1.000 1.406
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x1.7 8.925 1.25 2.800 11.156 3.900 43.509
W2''' 2.5x1x1x1.7 4.250 1.25 4.700 5.313 2.000 10.625
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 1.70 2.100 78.540 4.600 361.284
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 1.70 1.400 12.138 5.300 64.331
W3'' 2x0.5x0.8x5.4 4.400 1.70 4.467 7.480 2.233 16.705
Fy Earth pressure 14.930 1.70 0.000 25.381 6.700 170.053
12.500
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 1.70 1.667 21.250 5.033 106.958
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 6.700 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.70 6.033 4.590 0.667 3.060
W6 LL Surcharge 4.210 1.70 2.100 7.158 4.600 32.925
DL Surcharge 1.366 1.70 2.100 2.322 4.600 10.681
2.340 1.70 26.653
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 0.000 3.978 6.700
0.830
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.70 0.000 1.411 6.700 9.454
IRC loading 3.600 1.700 5.950 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 26.940 1.70 45.798 -152.660
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.230 1.70 3.785 7.191 -27.218
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.510 1.70 4.155 2.567 -10.666
ΣW 204.836 ΣM' 711.754
Vertical load on heel = 166.95 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.52 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force from
Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.475 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.125 m
228
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 204.840 T
Base Width, b = 6.700 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.125 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (204.84/6.7) x (1+(6 x 0.125/6.7))
= 33.996 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (204.84/6.7) x (1-(6 x 0.125/6.7))
= 27.151 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 36.262 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
6.70
1.50 1.00 4.20
σmax Toe 35.244 Stem 29.723 Heel σmin
36.262 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 26.339
34.04 32.559
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 5.500 m
Ka (stem) = 0.686
Ca (stem) = 1.045
Active Earth Pressure (2x0.686x5.5 ^2 )/2 = 20.75 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx 20.7515x Cos (17.95) = 19.74 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 1.83 m
Moment due to Fx = 36.19 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 10.86 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx' 10.85975x Cos (17.95) = 10.33 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 3.63 m
Moment due to Fx' = 37.50 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 73.69 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 36.19 + 1.25 x 37.5
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 108.40 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL surcharge = 0.61 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
229
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL surcharge = 0.47 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.38 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 2.33 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.000 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.28x2.75 + 0.55x1.83 + 4.62x2.75 + 0.44x3.67
= 16.096 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 20.120 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 108.398 + 2.32823268600085 + 20.12
= 130.85 T.m
= 1283.602 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1283.602/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 494 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 940 mm > 494 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 885.141 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 885.141 893.000 lesser
Ast = 3334 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 940
= 1880 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3334 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3491 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 940
= 1128 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
230
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1600 mm
h = 3.90 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral earth
pressure = 126.6 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 99.37 kNm h1= 3.90
h1/3
h=
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL surcharge = 0.00 kNm 5.5
x x
Ka.ϒ.h1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL surcharge = 0.27 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.60
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic force = 0.21 kNm
on stem = 7.70 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 349.77 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 2640.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.767 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (349.77/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 258.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 707.273 mm > 258 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 679.851 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 671.909 671.9090909 lesser
Ast = 1196.693 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 707
= 1415.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1415.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 1745.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 940
= 1128 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth Side = 1128 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
231
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.940 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.863 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 13.570 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 7.102 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.281 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.248 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.146 T
Seismic force on stem = 4.739 T
shear force at the section = 26.086 T
Factored shear force at the section = 38.95 T
= 382.12 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 0.803 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.48 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.89 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 170 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 188.50 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 295.68 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 170 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
232
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided
from the face = 1.00 m
Thickness at section considered = 0.855 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 13.215 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 6.916 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.242 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.236
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.138
Seismic force on stem = 4.668 T
shear force at the section = 25.415 T
Factored shear force at the section = 37.93 T
= 372.10 kN
H = 4.50
effective depth considered = 0.79 m
v = 0.47 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.89 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.2 x 5.4 x 1.0 46.200 2.100 97.020 1.7 164.93
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x1.7 7.140 2.800 19.992 1.7 33.99
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5 x 2.5 x 1 12.500 2.533 31.667 1.7 53.83
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.5 x 1 0.000 4.200 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 14.930 4.200 62.706 1.7 106.60
Fy' Dynamic increment 3.690 4.200 15.498 1.25 19.37
2.5 x 4.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.150 2.100 6.615 1.25 8.27
Self
Weight 1.25 15.62
2.5x0.5 x 4.2 x 1.7 x 1.0 8.925 1.400 12.495
26.339 x 4.2 x 1.0 110.624 2.100 232.310 - -232.31
σ-
Upward - -18.29
0.5 x 6.22 x 4.2 x 1.0 13.062 1.400 18.287
W6 LL Surcharge 4.210 2.100 8.842 1.7 15.03
DL Surcharge 1.366 2.100 2.868 1.7 4.88
1.7 16.71
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.340 4.200 9.828
1.25 0.00
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 4.200 0.000
1.7 5.93
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.830 4.200 3.486
1.25 1.10
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.210 4.200 0.882
Total for Ka=0.308 195.661
= 195.661 T.m
= 1919.432 kN.m
233
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1919.432/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 605 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1915 mm > 605 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1817.367 (or) 1819.250 whichever is
= 1817.367 lesser
Ast = 2428 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1915
= 3830 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3830 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 6213 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1915
= 2298 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1915
= 2298 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
234
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.9150 m
shear force at the section = 29.60 T
= 290.423 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1339 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.26 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.47 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 102.4713
Reinforcement Provided = 392.70
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided
from the face = 3.2000 m
effective depth considered = 0.613762 m
Shear force at the section considered = 13.908 T
= 136.434 kN
v = 0.222 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.709 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.674 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
235
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.5x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.700 0.67 1.800 1.7 3.06
IRC 3.600 0.75 2.700 1.7 4.59
Self 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.125 0.75 0.844 1.25 1.055
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.6 1.125 0.50 0.563 1.25 0.704
σ- 34.04 x 1.5 51.060 0.75 38.295 - -38.295
Upward 0.5 x 2.22 x 1.5 1.667 1.00 1.667 - -1.667
ΣM = -30.553
Factored Moment, Mu = 30.553 T.m
= 299.727 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (299.727/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 239 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 813 mm > 239 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 769.647 (or) 771.875 whichever is
= 769.647 lesser
Ast = 895 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 813
= 1625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1625 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
236
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.813 m
shear force at the section = 18.382 T
= 180.331 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.488 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.37 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.01 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.58 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.59 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 101.9513
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided from = the face1.100 m
effective depth considered = 0.373 m
Shear force at the section considered = 10.780 T
= 105.756 kN
v = 0.284 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.08
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.637 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.685 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
237
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 49.75 T
Active Pressure = 45.59 T
Net force acting on shear key = -4.16 T
Vu =
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear key -4.16 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M = -80 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 900 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (-79.806017929227/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= #NUM! mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 815 mm #NUM!
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 760 (or) 774.25 which ever is lesser
= 760
Ast Required = -241 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1630 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1630 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3491 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Ast Provided = 3491 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 200 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 200 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1005 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 978 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 200 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 200 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1005 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
238
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 19.74 1.83 36.19 1.0 36.19
Fx' 10.33 3.63 37.50 1.0 37.50
Lat. Earth pressure
0.000 1.0 0.00
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
0.029 1.2 0.03
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
0.024 1.2 0.03
incr)
Seismic force 16.10 1.0 16.10
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 355.39 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 881.47
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 355.39 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 881.47
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 355.39 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 881.47
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 355.39 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 881.47
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 355.39 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 881.47
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 355.39 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 881.47
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 355.39 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 881.47
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 355.39 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 881.47 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 355.3879 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 20 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 20 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 60 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
239
Depth of section, D = 1000 mm
Effective depth, d = 940.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 355.39 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 3491.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0035
ρm = 0.0035 x 8 = 0.028
k = 0.211
x = 198.34 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×198.34^3)/3)+((8×3491×(940-198.34)^2)) = 2E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 291 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 9.73 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 117 acr = 65 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 3.92
ε1 = ((1000-198.34)/(940-198.34))×(117.3874151/200000)= 0.00064 mm
εs = 0.0006×((940-198.34)/(1000-198.34)) = 0.00059 mm
εm = 0.0006-((((3.8×1000×1000×(1000- = -0.001198 mm
198.34)))/(0.0006×3491×(1000-198.34)))×(1- εm = -0.00120 mm
(0.0010/355.3879))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×65.00×-0.001)/(1+2×(65.00-50)/(1000-198.34)) = -0.226 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
240
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.15 2.10 6.615 1.0 6.62
slab
8.93 1.40 12.50 1.0 12.50
W3 46.20 2.10 97.02 1.0 97.02
W3' 7.14 2.80 19.99 1.0 19.99
W4 12.50 2.53 31.67 1.0 31.67
W4' 0.00 4.20 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 1.54 3.15 4.844 1.0 4.84
Surcharge
DL
1.00 2.10 2.095 1.0 2.10
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
2.06 4.20 8.652 1.0 8.65
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.20 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
0.75 4.20 3.150 1.0 3.15
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.55 4.20 2.310 1.0 2.31
increment (DL)
Fy 28.80 4.20 121.0 1.0 120.96
Fy' 21.18 4.20 88.96 1.0 88.96
σ 5.77 2.10 12.11 1.0 12.11
57.84 1.40 80.98 1.0 80.98
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2998.62
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2998.62
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2998.62
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2998.62
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2998.62
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2998.62
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2998.62
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 2998.62 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 2998.620 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
241
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 20 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2000 mm
Effective depth, d = 1915.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 2998.62 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 6213.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0032
ρm = 0.0032 x 8 = 0.0256
k = 0.203
x = 388.75 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×388.75^3)/3)+((8×6213×(1915-388.75)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 270 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.61 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 86.177 mm
ε1 = ((2000-388.75)/(1915-388.75))×(270.4753857/200000) = 0.00143 mm
εs = 0.0014×((1915-388.75)/(2000-388.75)) = 0.00135 mm
εm = 0.0014-((((3.8×1000×2000×(2000- = 0.0005269 mm
388.75)))/(0.0014×6213×(2000-388.75)))×(1- εm = 0.00053 mm
(0.0010/2998.6200))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×86.18×0.001)/(1+2×(86.18-75)/(2000-388.75)) = 0.135 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
242
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
1.13 0.75 0.844 1.0 0.84
slab
1.13 0.50 0.563 1.0 0.56
W5 2.70 0.67 1.800 1.0 1.80
IRC 3.60 0.75 2.700 1.0 2.70
σ 53.21 0.75 39.91 1.0 -39.91
7.38 1.00 7.378 1.0 -7.38
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -405.94
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -405.94
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -405.94
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -405.94
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -405.94
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -405.94
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -405.94
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 405.94 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 405.9353 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2000 mm
Effective depth, d = 812.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 405.94 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0014
ρm = 0.0014 x 8 = 0.0112
k = 0.139
x = 112.94 mm
243
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×112.94^3)/3)+((8×2727×(812.5-112.94)^2)) = 1E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 204 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.11 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((2000-112.94)/(812.5-112.94))×(203.6290566/200000) = 0.00275 mm
εs = 0.0028×((812.5-112.94)/(2000-112.94)) = 0.00102 mm
εm = 0.0028-((((3.8×1000×2000×(2000- = 1.627E-05 mm
112.94)))/(0.0010×2727×(2000-112.94)))×(1- εm = 0.00002 mm
(0.0010/405.9353))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×0.000)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(2000-112.94)) = 0.006 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
244
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 233.66 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 233.6622 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 20 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 60 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 767 mm
Effective depth, d = 707.27 mm
Service Bending Moment = 233.66 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 1745.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0023
ρm = 0.0023 x 8 = 0.0184
k = 0.175
x = 123.78 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×123.78^3)/3)+((8×1745×(707.2727273-123.78)^2))= 5E+09 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 203 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 5.37 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((767.2727273-123.78)/(707.2727273-123.78))×(202.5466287/200000) = 0.00112 mm
εs = 0.0011×((707.2727273-123.78)/(767.2727273-123.78)) = 0.00102 mm
εm = 0.0011-((((3.8×1000×767.2727273×(767.2727273- = -0.000525 mm
123.78)))/(0.0010×1745×(767.2727273-123.78)))×(1- εm = -0.00053 mm
(0.0010/233.6622))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×-0.001)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(767.2727273-123.78)) = -0.14 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 1.6 m from top of base slab
245
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW66 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for shear key
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / (but
D- xnot
) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 590.69 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 590.686 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 20 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 85 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 900 mm
Effective depth, d = 815.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 590.69 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 3491.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0039
ρm = 0.0039 x 8 = 0.0312
k = 0.221
x = 180.12 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×180.12^3)/3)+((8×3491×(815-180.12)^2)) = 1E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 227 < 375 Safe
fc = M x / Icr = 8.06 < 17.5 Safe
acr = 87.465 mm
ε1 = ((900-180.12)/(815-180.12))×(227.1971412/200000) = 0.00129 mm
εs = 0.0013×((815-180.12)/(900-180.12)) = 0.00114 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×900×(900- = 0.0004289 mm
180.12)))/(0.0011×3491×(900-180.12)))×(1- εm = 0.00043 mm
(0.0010/590.6857))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×87.47×0.000)/(1+2×(87.47-75)/(900-180.12)) = 0.109 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
246
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1000 mm
height above the base
H= 5500 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1000 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 5500 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 9.68E+11 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.012351034 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 5500 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.114984109 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000172293 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 22 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
247
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67
248
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 7.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.000 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 5.500 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 11.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 14.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.400 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.200 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.300 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.500 m
Total Base width = 7.800 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 2.700 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 24.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 14.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
11.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 2.700
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
7.000
W3
H' = 6.700 9.000
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.000 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.500 0.800 2.300 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.200 1.400 4.200
1.000
7.800
249
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 26.57°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 10.15°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.896
0.969 x 0.941 x 1.37
Kα = 0.72 for stem design
Kα = 0.59 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 1.031
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 1.031
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.090
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.090
Ca for stem Design = 1.090
250
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.3 + 6.7 + 2.7 = 11.70 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.594 x 2 x 11.7 ^2 )/2
= 81.313 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 81.313x Cos (29) = 71.120 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 81.313x sin (29) = 39.420 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.7/3)
= 3.900 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 277.368 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 11.700 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (1.031 x 2 x 11.7 ^2 )/2
= 141.134 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 123.44 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 68.42 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 52.32 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 29.00 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.7/2)
= 5.850 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 306.072 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
251
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 8.030 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 12.230 m
h1 for stability = 6.470 m
h1 for design = 0.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x8.03))
= 19.060 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 6.47 x 0.594) / (19.06)
= 3.287 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 2.87 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 1.59 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.235 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.87 x 3.235
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 9.284 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.59 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x12.23))
= 27.460 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 0 x 0.717) / (27.46)
= 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0.000 T.m
252
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.090
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 3.189 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.270 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 4.2702
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.000 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 7.290 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 11.490 m
h1 for stability = 7.210 m
h1 for design = 0.710 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x7.29))
= 19.060 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 7.21 x 0.594) / (19.06)
= 1.188 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.04 T
253
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.58 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.605 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 1.04 x 3.605
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 3.749 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.58 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x11.49))
= 27.460 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 0.71 x 0.717) / (27.46)
= 0.098 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.355 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.033 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.090
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 2.062 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.874 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.76 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.42 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.759 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.76 x 4.7586
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 3.617 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.42 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.153 T
Dynamic increment = 0.055 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 0.469 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.026 T.m
254
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.80 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.3 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.5 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
Total ΣW = 40.050 ΣM = 176.090 ΣM' = 136.300
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.403 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-0.497 m
b/6 =
1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.80 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.3 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.5 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Total ΣW = 171.610 ΣM = 680.030 ΣM' = 658.528
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.837 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.063 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
255
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 935.900 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 277.368 T.m
Factor of Safety = 935.9/277.368
= 3.374 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 71.120 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 171.610 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 85.805 T
Factor of Safety = 85.805/71.12
= 1.206 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Revised FOS = (85.805+15.6)/71.12
= 1.43 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 15.596 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 32.904 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 53.822
Active Pressure Pa = 71.120 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 173.610 T
μxW = 86.805 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.197 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 171.610 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.063 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (171.61/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.063/7.8))
= 23.067 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (171.61/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.063/7.8))
2
= 20.935 T/m
256
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 22.9 Stem 21.478 Heel σmin
23.067 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.935
22.47 22.083
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 226.200
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Fx' 52.320
Dynamic increment 1.0 306.072 -306.072
W1 Seismic Mass 0.340 1.0 5.65 1.921 -1.921
W1' Seismic Mass 1.010 1.0 4.53 4.575 -4.575
W3 Seismic Mass 5.630 1.0 5.65 31.810 -31.810
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.800 1.0 6.77 5.416 -5.416
Total ΣW = 200.610 ΣM = 1029.824 ΣM' = 534.934
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.667 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.233 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
257
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1162.100 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 627.160 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1162.1/627.16
= 1.853 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 131.220 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 200.610 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 100.305 T
Factor of Safety = 100.305/131.22
= 0.764 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.17 T
Revised FOS = (100.305+15.6+-1.17)/131.22
= 0.87 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 14.424 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 30.431 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 49.777 T
Active Pressure Pa = 131.220 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 202.610 T
μxW = 101.305 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.261 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 200.610 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.233 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (200.61/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.233/7.8))
= 50.113 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (200.61/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.233/7.8))
= 1.326 T/m2
258
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 45.2 Stem 13.757 Heel σmin
50.113 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.326
36.35 27.596
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
W6 LL Surcharge 1.247 1.0 1.050 1.309 6.750 8.414
DL Surcharge 0.809 1.0 2.100 1.698 5.700 4.610
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 1.590 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 12.402
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.580 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 4.524
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.870 1.0 3.235 9.284 -9.284
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.040 1.0 3.605 3.749 -3.749
Total ΣW = 175.835 ΣM = 696.071 ΣM' = 675.444
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.841 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.059 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 965.850 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 290.400 T.m
Factor of Safety = 965.85/290.4
= 3.326 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 75.030 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 175.835 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 87.918 T
Factor of Safety = 87.918/75.03
= 1.172 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Revised FOS = (87.918+15.6)/75.03
= 1.38 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 15.596 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 32.904
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 53.822
Active Pressure Pa = 75.030 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 177.835 T
μxW = 88.9175 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.11 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 175.835 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.059 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (175.835/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.059/7.8))
2
= 23.566 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (175.835/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.059/7.8))
2
= 21.520 T/m
260
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(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 23.4 Stem 22.041 Heel σmin
23.566 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 21.520
22.99 22.622
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 226.200
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 4.840 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
W6 LL Surcharge 1.247 1.0 1.050 1.309 6.750 8.414
DL Surcharge 0.809 1.0 2.100 1.698 5.700 4.610
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 1.590 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 12.402
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.580 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 4.524
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 3.276
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Fx' Dynamic increment 52.320 1.0 306.072 -306.072
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.870 1.0 3.235 9.284 -9.284
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 4.270 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.040 1.0 3.605 3.749 -3.749
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.760 1.0 4.759 3.617 -3.617
W1 Seismic Mass 0.34 1.0 1.921 -1.921
W1' Seismic Mass 1.01 1.0 4.5753 -4.575
W3 Seismic Mass 5.63 1.0 31.8095 -31.810
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.8 1.0 5.416 -5.416
Total ΣW = 205.255 ΣM = 1049.481 ΣM' = 551.510
261
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Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.687 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.213 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1195.320 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 643.810 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1195.32/643.81
= 1.857 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 135.890 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 205.255 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 102.628 T
Factor of Safety = 102.628/135.89
= 0.755 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.17 T
Revised FOS = (102.628+15.6+-1.17)/135.89
= 0.861417 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 30.431 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 30.431
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 67.541
Active Pressure Pa = 135.890 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 207.255 T
μxW = 103.6275 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.366 > 1.25, Hence Safe
262
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 205.255 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.213 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (205.255/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.213/7.8))
= 50.868 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (205.255/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.213/7.8))
= 1.761 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 45.9 Stem 14.274 Heel σmin
50.868 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.761
37.02 28.203
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
263
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7061466
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(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.25 5.500 4.188 2.300 9.631
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.25 5.000 12.563 2.800 35.175
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.25 3.900 7.313 3.900 28.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.25 6.333 4.125 1.467 6.050
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.25 2.800 13.125 5.000 65.625
W2'''2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.25 4.900 8.750 2.900 25.375
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.70 2.100 95.676 5.700 545.353
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.70 1.400 14.280 6.400 91.392
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.70 4.600 13.668 3.200 43.738
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.70 0.000 67.014 7.800 522.709
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.25 0.000 36.250 7.800 282.750
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.70 1.800 24.786 6.000 148.716
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x
W5 1.0 4.840 1.70 6.900 8.228 0.900 7.405
W6 LL Surcharge 1.247 1.70 1.050 2.119 6.750 14.304
DL Surcharge 0.809 1.70 2.100 1.375 5.700 7.837
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 1.590 1.70 0.000 2.703 7.800 21.083
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.580 1.70 0.000 0.986 7.800 7.691
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.420 1.25 0.000 0.525 7.800 4.095
IRC loading 5.280 1.70 6.700 8.976 1.100 9.874
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 71.120
Fx pressure 1.70 120.904 -471.526
Fx' Dynamic increment 52.320 1.25 65.400 -382.590
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.870 1.70 3.235 4.879 -15.784
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 4.270 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.040 1.70 3.605 1.768 -6.374
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.760 1.25 4.759 0.950 -4.521
W1 Seismic Mass 0.340 1.25 0.425 -2.401
W1' Seismic Mass 1.010 1.25 1.263 -5.719
W3 Seismic Mass 5.630 1.25 7.038 -39.762
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.800 1.25 1.000 -6.770
ΣW 326.649 ΣM' 941.877
Vertical load on heel = 262.78 T
Vertical load on toe = 23.39 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.883 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.017 m
264
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 326.649 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.017 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (326.64857574654/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.017/7.8))
= 74.640 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (326.64857574654/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.017/7.8))
= 9.117 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.25 5.500 4.188 2.300 9.631
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.25 5.000 12.563 2.800 35.175
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.25 3.900 7.313 3.900 28.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.25 6.333 4.125 1.467 6.050
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.25 2.800 13.125 5.000 65.625
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.25 4.900 8.750 2.900 25.375
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.70 2.100 95.676 5.700 545.353
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.70 1.400 14.280 6.400 91.392
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.70 4.600 13.668 3.200 43.738
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.70 0.000 67.014 7.800 522.709
2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 14.580
W4 1 1.70 1.800 24.786 6.000 148.716
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x
4.840
W5 1.0 1.70 6.900 8.228 0.900 7.405
W6 LL Surcharge 1.247 1.70 1.050 2.119 6.750 14.304
DL Surcharge 0.809 1.70 2.100 1.375 5.700 7.837
Lat. Earth pressure
1.590 1.70 21.083
(LL) 0.000 2.703 7.800
Lat. Earth pressure
0.580
(DL) 1.70 0.000 0.986 7.800 7.691
IRC loading 5.280 1.700 6.700 8.976 1.100 9.874
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.70 120.904 -471.526
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.870 1.70 3.235 4.879 -15.784
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.040 1.70 3.605 1.768 -6.374
ΣW 289.874 ΣM' 1096.795
Vertical load on heel = 225.28 T
Vertical load on toe = 23.39 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.784 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.116 m
265
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 289.870 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.116 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (289.87/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.116/7.8))
= 40.479 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (289.87/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.116/7.8))
= 33.847 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 74.64 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 68 Stem 25.813 Heel σmin
74.640 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 9.117
56.16 44.399
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 6.700 m
Ka (stem) = 0.717
Ca (stem) = 1.090
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.717x6.7 ^2 )/2 = 32.19 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 32.18613x Cos (19.82) = 30.28 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.23 m
Moment due to Fx = 67.62 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 16.74 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 16.74397x Cos (19.82) = 15.75 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 4.42 m
Moment due to Fx' = 69.66 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 137.28 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 67.62 + 1.25 x 69.66
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 202.03 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 0.00 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
266
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Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 0.03 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.03 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 0.09 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.400 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.34x3.35 + 1.01x2.23 + 5.63x3.35 + 0.8x4.47
= 25.828 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 32.280 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 202.029 + 0.0878158632771999 + 32.28
= 234.40 T.m
= 2299.433 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2299.433/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 662 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1338 mm > 662 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1251.794 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1251.794 1270.625 lesser
Ast = 4223 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1338
= 2675 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4223 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 5454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1338
= 1605 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1653 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
267
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2300 mm
h = 4.40 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 187.9 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 146.6 kNm h1= 4.40
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 0.00 kNm 6.7
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.30
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 0.00 kNm
force on stem = 10.27 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 515.52 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3600.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.988 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (515.52/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 313.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 925.560 mm > 313 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 882.707 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 879.282 879.2817164 lesser
Ast = 1347.809 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 926
= 1851.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1851.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1338
= 1605 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1605 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 190 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1653 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
268
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Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.338 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.160 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 19.397 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 10.091 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Seismic force on stem = 5.931 T
shear force at the section = 35.419 T
Factored shear force at the section = 53.00 T
= 519.96 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.098 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.47 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.46 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 217.81 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 264.56 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
269
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 1.80 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.078 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 16.195 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 8.425 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000
Seismic force on stem = 5.329 T
shear force at the section = 29.949 T
Factored shear force at the section = 44.72 T
= 438.75 kN
H = 4.90
effective depth considered = 1.02 m
v = 0.43 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 2.100 118.188 1.7 200.92
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 2.800 23.520 1.7 39.98
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 2.400 34.992 1.7 59.49
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 4.200 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 39.420 4.200 165.564 1.7 281.46
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 4.200 121.800 1.25 152.25
2.5 x 4.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.150 2.100 6.615 1.25 8.27
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.2 x 2 x 1.25 18.38
1.0 10.500 1.400 14.700
9.117 x 4.2 x 1.0 38.291 2.100 80.411 - -80.41
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 35.28 x 4.2 x
- -103.73
1.0 74.092 1.400 103.729
W6 LL Surcharge 1.247 3.150 3.927 1.7 6.68
DL Surcharge 0.809 2.100 1.698 1.7 2.89
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 11.35
(LL) 1.590 4.200 6.678
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 4.14
(DL) 0.580 4.200 2.436
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.21
(DL) 0.420 4.200 1.764
Total for Ka=0.594 603.864
= 603.864 T.m
= 5923.904 kN.m
270
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (5923.904/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1062 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2213 mm > 1062 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2099.436 (or) 2101.875 whichever is
= 2099.436 lesser
Ast = 6487 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2213
= 4425 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6487 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2213
= 2655 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2213
= 2655 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
271
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Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.2125 m
shear force at the section = 89.64 T
= 879.350 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1554 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.76 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.49 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 334.8728
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.5000 m
effective depth considered = 0.542333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 35.356 T
= 346.845 kN
v = 0.640 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.98
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.776 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.761 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
272
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 4.840 0.90 4.356 1.7 7.4052
IRC 5.280 1.10 5.808 1.7 9.8736
Self 2.5 x 2.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.650 1.10 1.815 1.25 2.26875
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 0.73 2.420 1.25 3.025
σ- 56.159 x 2.2 123.550 1.10 135.905 - -135.905
Upward 0.5 x 18.48 x 2.2 20.329 1.47 29.823 - -29.823
ΣM = -143.155
Factored Moment, Mu = 143.155 T.m
= 1404.355 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1404.355/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 517 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1413 mm > 517 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1362.796 (or) 1341.875 whichever is
= 1341.875 lesser
Ast = 2406 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1413
= 2825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2825 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
10 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3163 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1413
= 1695 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1413
= 1695 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
273
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.413 m
shear force at the section = 47.801 T
= 468.930 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.642 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.73 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.94 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.52 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 302.198
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.800
face m
effective depth considered = 0.431 m
Shear force at the section considered = 24.931 T
= 244.573 kN
v = 0.568 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.04
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.637 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.662 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
274
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 67.54 T
Active Pressure = 135.89 T
Net force acting on shear key = 68.35 T
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear
Vu =
key 68.35 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M= 1140 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 800 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1139.86048938681/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 466 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 713 mm Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 627 (or) 676.875 which ever is lesser
= 627
Ast Required = 4181 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1425 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4181 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 5454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Ast Provided = 5454 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 130 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 130 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 870 mm²
Provide 12 dia @ 130 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 870 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 130 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 130 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 870 mm²
Provide 12 dia @ 130 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 870 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
275
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 7.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.000 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 6.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 9.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.400 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.200 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.300 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.500 m
Total Base width = 7.800 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 2.700 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 24.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 9.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
6.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 2.700
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
7.000
W3
H' = 6.700 9.000
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.000 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.500 0.800 2.300 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.200 1.400 4.200
1.000
7.800
276
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 26.57°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 10.15°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.896
0.969 x 0.941 x 1.37
Kα = 0.72 for stem design
Kα = 0.59 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 1.031
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 1.031
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.090
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.090
Ca for stem Design = 1.090
277
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.3 + 6.7 + 2.7 = 11.70 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.594 x 2 x 11.7 ^2 )/2
= 81.313 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 81.313x Cos (29) = 71.120 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 81.313x sin (29) = 39.420 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.7/3)
= 3.900 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 277.368 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 11.700 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (1.031 x 2 x 11.7 ^2 )/2
= 141.134 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 123.44 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 68.42 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 52.32 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 29.00 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (11.7/2)
= 5.850 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 306.072 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
278
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 3.030 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.230 m
h1 for stability = 8.970 m
h1 for design = 2.470 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x3.03))
= 9.060 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 8.97 x 0.594) / (9.06)
= 9.586 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 8.38 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.65 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.485 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 8.38 x 4.485
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 37.584 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 4.65 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x7.23))
= 17.460 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 2.47 x 0.717) / (17.46)
= 1.653 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.235 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 1.921 T.m
279
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.090
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 9.301 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.920 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 5.9202
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.290 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 1.630 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 2.290 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.490 m
h1 for stability = 9.710 m
h1 for design = 3.210 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x2.29))
= 9.060 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 9.71 x 0.594) / (9.06)
= 3.366 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.94 T
280
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.63 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.855 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.94 x 4.855
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 14.274 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.63 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x6.49))
= 17.460 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 3.21 x 0.717) / (17.46)
= 0.697 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.605 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.052 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.090
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 5.843 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 2.477 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.17 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.2 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.409 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.17 x 6.4086
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 13.907 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.2 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.087 T
Dynamic increment = 0.390 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.82°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.119 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.827 T.m
281
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.80 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.3 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.5 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
Total ΣW = 40.050 ΣM = 176.090 ΣM' = 136.300
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.403 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-0.497 m
b/6 =
1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.80 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.3 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.5 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Total ΣW = 171.610 ΣM = 680.030 ΣM' = 658.528
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.837 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.063 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
282
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 935.900 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 277.368 T.m
Factor of Safety = 935.9/277.368
= 3.374 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 71.120 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 171.610 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 85.805 T
Factor of Safety = 85.805/71.12
= 1.206 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Revised FOS = (85.805+15.6)/71.12
= 1.43 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 15.596 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 32.904 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 53.822
Active Pressure Pa = 71.120 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 173.610 T
μxW = 86.805 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.197 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 171.610 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.063 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (171.61/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.063/7.8))
= 23.067 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (171.61/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.063/7.8))
2
= 20.935 T/m
283
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 22.9 Stem 21.478 Heel σmin
23.067 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.935
22.47 22.083
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 226.200
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Fx' 52.320
Dynamic increment 1.0 306.072 -306.072
W1 Seismic Mass 0.340 1.0 5.65 1.921 -1.921
W1' Seismic Mass 1.010 1.0 4.53 4.575 -4.575
W3 Seismic Mass 5.630 1.0 5.65 31.810 -31.810
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.800 1.0 6.77 5.416 -5.416
Total ΣW = 200.610 ΣM = 1029.824 ΣM' = 534.934
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.667 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.233 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
284
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1162.100 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 627.160 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1162.1/627.16
= 1.853 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 131.220 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 200.610 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 100.305 T
Factor of Safety = 100.305/131.22
= 0.764 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.17 T
Revised FOS = (100.305+15.6+-1.17)/131.22
= 0.87 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 14.424 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 30.431 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 49.777 T
Active Pressure Pa = 131.220 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 202.610 T
μxW = 101.305 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.261 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 200.610 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.233 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (200.61/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.233/7.8))
= 50.113 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (200.61/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.233/7.8))
= 1.326 T/m2
285
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 45.2 Stem 13.757 Heel σmin
50.113 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.326
36.35 27.596
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
4.840
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
W6 LL Surcharge 3.921 1.0 2.100 8.234 5.700 22.349
DL Surcharge 1.272 1.0 2.100 2.671 5.700 7.251
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.650 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 36.270
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.630 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 12.714
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.380 1.0 4.485 37.584 -37.584
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.940 1.0 4.855 14.274 -14.274
Total ΣW = 183.083 ΣM = 742.793 ΣM' = 685.254
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.743 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.157 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
286
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1014.480 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 329.230 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1014.48/329.23
= 3.081 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 82.440 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 183.083 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 91.542 T
Factor of Safety = 91.542/82.44
= 1.110 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Revised FOS = (91.542+15.6)/82.44
= 1.3 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 15.596 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 32.904
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 53.822
Active Pressure Pa = 82.440 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 185.083 T
μxW = 92.5415 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.965 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 183.083 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.157 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (183.083/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.157/7.8))
2
= 26.307 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (183.083/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.157/7.8))
2
= 20.637 T/m
287
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 25.7 Stem 22.082 Heel σmin
26.307 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.637
24.71 23.690
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.0 5.500 18.425 2.300 7.705
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.5 10.050 1.0 5.000 50.250 2.800 28.140
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.0 3.900 22.815 3.900 22.815
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.0 6.333 20.900 1.467 4.840
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.0 2.800 29.400 5.000 52.500
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.0 4.900 34.300 2.900 20.300
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.0 2.100 118.188 5.700 320.796
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.0 1.400 11.760 6.400 53.760
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.0 4.600 36.984 3.200 25.728
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 307.476
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 226.200
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.0 1.800 26.244 6.000 87.480
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 4.840 1.0 6.900 33.396 0.900 4.356
W6 LL Surcharge 3.921 1.0 2.100 8.234 5.700 22.349
DL Surcharge 1.272 1.0 2.100 2.671 5.700 7.251
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.650 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 36.270
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.630 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 12.714
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.200 1.0 0.000 0.000 7.800 9.360
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 71.120 1.0 277.368 -277.368
Fx' Dynamic increment 52.320 1.0 306.072 -306.072
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 8.380 1.0 4.485 37.584 -37.584
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 5.920 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.940 1.0 4.855 14.274 -14.274
Dynamic increment (DL) 2.170 1.0 6.409 13.907 -13.907
W1 Seismic Mass 0.34 1.0 1.921 -1.921
W1' Seismic Mass 1.01 1.0 4.5753 -4.575
W3 Seismic Mass 5.63 1.0 31.8095 -31.810
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.8 1.0 5.416 -5.416
Total ΣW = 213.283 ΣM = 1106.493 ΣM' = 557.114
288
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.612 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.288 m
b/6 = 1.300 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1250.040 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 692.930 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1250.04/692.93
= 1.804 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 144.710 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.283 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 106.642 T
Factor of Safety = 106.642/144.71
= 0.737 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.000 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 15.600 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.17 T
Revised FOS = (106.642+15.6+-1.17)/144.71
= 0.836653 Provide Shear Key.
1.000
0.800
Assume shear key of 1000 x 800 hp = 4.219 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 30.431 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 30.431
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 67.541
Active Pressure Pa = 144.710 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 2 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 215.283 T
μxW = 107.6415 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.31 > 1.25, Hence Safe
289
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.283 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.288 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (213.283/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.288/7.8))
= 54.436 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (213.283/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.288/7.8))
= 0.252 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 49 Stem 14.059 Heel σmin
54.436 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 0.252
39.15 29.428
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
290
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.25 5.500 4.188 2.300 9.631
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.25 5.000 12.563 2.800 35.175
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.25 3.900 7.313 3.900 28.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.25 6.333 4.125 1.467 6.050
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.25 2.800 13.125 5.000 65.625
W2'''2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.25 4.900 8.750 2.900 25.375
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.70 2.100 95.676 5.700 545.353
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.70 1.400 14.280 6.400 91.392
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.70 4.600 13.668 3.200 43.738
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.70 0.000 67.014 7.800 522.709
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 1.25 0.000 36.250 7.800 282.750
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 1.70 1.800 24.786 6.000 148.716
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x
W5 1.0 4.840 1.70 6.900 8.228 0.900 7.405
W6 LL Surcharge 3.921 1.70 2.100 6.666 5.700 37.994
DL Surcharge 1.272 1.70 2.100 2.162 5.700 12.326
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 4.650 1.70 0.000 7.905 7.800 61.659
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.630 1.70 0.000 2.771 7.800 21.614
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.200 1.25 0.000 1.500 7.800 11.700
IRC loading 5.280 1.70 6.700 8.976 1.100 9.874
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 71.120
Fx pressure 1.70 120.904 -471.526
Fx' Dynamic increment 52.320 1.25 65.400 -382.590
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.380 1.70 4.485 14.246 -63.893
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 5.920 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.940 1.70 4.855 4.998 -24.265
Dynamic increment
(DL) 2.170 1.25 6.409 2.713 -17.383
W1 Seismic Mass 0.340 1.25 0.425 -2.401
W1' Seismic Mass 1.010 1.25 1.263 -5.719
W3 Seismic Mass 5.630 1.25 7.038 -39.762
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.800 1.25 1.000 -6.770
ΣW 339.945 ΣM' 953.295
Vertical load on heel = 276.07 T
Vertical load on toe = 23.39 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.804 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.096 m
291
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Total Vertical load, ΣW = 339.945 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.096 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (339.944582474227/7.8) x (1+(6 x 1.096/7.8))
= 80.326 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (339.944582474227/7.8) x (1-(6 x 1.096/7.8))
= 6.839 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 6.7 x 1.0 3.350 1.25 5.500 4.188 2.300 9.631
W1' 2.5 x 1.2 x 6.7 x 1.0x0.510.050 1.25 5.000 12.563 2.800 35.175
W2 2.5 x 7.8 x 0.3 x 1.0 5.850 1.25 3.900 7.313 3.900 28.519
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 1.25 6.333 4.125 1.467 6.050
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.2x2 10.500 1.25 2.800 13.125 5.000 65.625
W2''' 2.5x1.4x1x2 7.000 1.25 4.900 8.750 2.900 25.375
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 1.70 2.100 95.676 5.700 545.353
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 1.70 1.400 14.280 6.400 91.392
W3'' 2x0.5x1.2x6.6 8.040 1.70 4.600 13.668 3.200 43.738
Fy Earth pressure 39.420 1.70 0.000 67.014 7.800 522.709
2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 14.580
W4 1 1.70 1.800 24.786 6.000 148.716
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 7.800 0.000
2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x
4.840
W5 1.0 1.70 6.900 8.228 0.900 7.405
W6 LL Surcharge 3.921 1.70 2.100 6.666 5.700 37.994
DL Surcharge 1.272 1.70 2.100 2.162 5.700 12.326
Lat. Earth pressure
4.650 1.70 61.659
(LL) 0.000 7.905 7.800
Lat. Earth pressure
1.630
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.771 7.800 21.614
IRC loading 5.280 1.700 6.700 8.976 1.100 9.874
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 71.120 1.70 120.904 -471.526
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.380 1.70 4.485 14.246 -63.893
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.940 1.70 4.855 4.998 -24.265
ΣW 302.195 ΣM' 1113.470
Vertical load on heel = 237.60 T
Vertical load on toe = 23.39 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.685 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.215 m
292
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Total Vertical load, ΣW = 302.190 T
Base Width, b = 7.800 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.215 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (302.19/7.8) x (1+(6 x 0.215/7.8))
= 45.150 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (302.19/7.8) x (1-(6 x 0.215/7.8))
= 32.335 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 80.326 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
7.80
2.20 1.40 4.20
σmax Toe 72.9 Stem 25.564 Heel σmin
80.326 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 6.839
59.60 46.409
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 6.700 m
Ka (stem) = 0.717
Ca (stem) = 1.090
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.717x6.7 ^2 )/2 = 32.19 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 32.18613x Cos (19.82) = 30.28 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.23 m
Moment due to Fx = 67.62 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 16.74 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 16.74397x Cos (19.82) = 15.75 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 4.42 m
Moment due to Fx' = 69.66 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 137.28 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 67.62 + 1.25 x 69.66
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 202.03 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 1.92 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
293
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Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 1.05 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.83 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 6.09 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.400 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.34x3.35 + 1.01x2.23 + 5.63x3.35 + 0.8x4.47
= 25.828 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 32.280 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 202.029 + 6.08795410467062 + 32.28
= 240.40 T.m
= 2358.294 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2358.294/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 670 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1338 mm > 670 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1251.794 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1251.794 1270.625 lesser
Ast = 4331 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1338
= 2675 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4331 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 5454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1338
= 1605 mm²
Distribution
Provide 20 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1653 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
294
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Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2300 mm
h = 4.40 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 187.89 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 146.62 kNm h1= 4.40
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 0.09 kNm 6.7
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 0.83 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.30
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 0.61 kNm
force on stem = 10.27 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 517.85 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3600.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 0.988 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (517.85/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 314.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 925.560 mm > 314 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 882.707 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 879.282 879.2817164 lesser
Ast = 1353.900 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 926
= 1851.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1851.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1338
= 1605 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1605 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 190 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1653 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
295
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.338 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.160 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 19.397 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 10.091 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.713 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.382 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.214 T
Seismic force on stem = 5.931 T
shear force at the section = 36.729 T
Factored shear force at the section = 55.13 T
= 540.85 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.098 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.49 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.46 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 227.83 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 264.56 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
296
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 1.80 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.078 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 16.195 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 8.425 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.422 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.288
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.161
Seismic force on stem = 5.329 T
shear force at the section = 30.820 T
Factored shear force at the section = 46.13 T
= 452.56 kN
H = 4.90
effective depth considered = 1.02 m
v = 0.45 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.84 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.48 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.2 x 6.6 x 1.0 56.280 2.100 118.188 1.7 200.92
W3' 2x0.5x4.2x2 8.400 2.800 23.520 1.7 39.98
W4 2 x 0.5 x 5.4 x 2.7 x 1 14.580 2.400 34.992 1.7 59.49
W4' 2 x 0 x 2.7 x 1 0.000 4.200 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 39.420 4.200 165.564 1.7 281.46
Fy' Dynamic increment 29.000 4.200 121.800 1.25 152.25
2.5 x 4.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.150 2.100 6.615 1.25 8.27
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.2 x 2 x 1.25 18.38
1.0 10.500 1.400 14.700
6.839 x 4.2 x 1.0 28.724 2.100 60.320 - -60.32
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 39.57 x 4.2 x
- -116.34
1.0 83.097 1.400 116.336
W6 LL Surcharge 3.921 2.100 8.234 1.7 14.00
DL Surcharge 1.272 2.100 2.671 1.7 4.54
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 33.20
(LL) 4.650 4.200 19.530
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 11.64
(DL) 1.630 4.200 6.846
Dynamic increment
1.25 6.30
(DL) 1.200 4.200 5.040
Total for Ka=0.594 653.764
= 653.764 T.m
= 6413.427 kN.m
297
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (6413.427/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1105 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2213 mm > 1105 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2099.436 (or) 2101.875 whichever is
= 2099.436 lesser
Ast = 7023 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2213
= 4425 mm²
Hence Ast required = 7023 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2213
= 2655 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2213
= 2655 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
298
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.2125 m
shear force at the section = 98.44 T
= 965.708 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1554 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.84 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.49 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 372.1346
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.5000 m
effective depth considered = 0.542333 m
Shear force at the section considered = 38.917 T
= 381.772 kN
v = 0.704 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.98
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.776 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.761 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
299
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.2x(1.7+0.5)x0.5x1.0 4.840 0.90 4.356 1.7 7.4052
IRC 5.280 1.10 5.808 1.7 9.8736
Self 2.5 x 2.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.650 1.10 1.815 1.25 2.26875
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.2x1.2 3.300 0.73 2.420 1.25 3.025
σ- 59.599 x 2.2 131.118 1.10 144.230 - -144.230
Upward 0.5 x 20.73 x 2.2 22.800 1.47 33.447 - -33.447
ΣM = -155.104
Factored Moment, Mu = 155.104 T.m
= 1521.575 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1521.575/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 538 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1413 mm > 538 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1362.796 (or) 1341.875 whichever is
= 1341.875 lesser
Ast = 2607 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1413
= 2825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2825 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
10 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3163 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1413
= 1695 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1413
= 1695 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
300
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.413 m
shear force at the section = 51.962 T
= 509.751 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.642 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.79 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.94 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.52 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 333.8954
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.800
face m
effective depth considered = 0.431 m
Shear force at the section considered = 27.124 T
= 266.083 kN
v = 0.618 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.04
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.637 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.662 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
301
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 67.54 T
Active Pressure = 144.71 T
Net force acting on shear key = 77.17 T
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear
Vu =
key 77.17 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M= 1287 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 800 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1286.9516293868/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 495 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 713 mm Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 627 (or) 676.875 which ever is lesser
= 627
Ast Required = 4720 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1425 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4720 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 5454 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Ast Provided = 5454 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 130 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 130 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 870 mm²
Provide 12 dia @ 130 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 870 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 855 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 130 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 130 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 870 mm²
Provide 12 dia @ 130 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 870 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
302
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 30.28 2.23 67.62 1.0 67.62
Fx' 15.75 4.42 69.66 1.0 69.66
Lat. Earth pressure
0.000 1.0 0.00
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
0.033 1.2 0.04
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
0.026 1.2 0.03
incr)
Seismic force 25.83 1.0 25.83
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 663.78 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 1600.8
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 663.78 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 1600.8
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 663.78 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 1600.8
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 663.78 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 1600.8
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 663.78 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 1600.8
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 663.78 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 1600.8
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 663.78 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 1600.8
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 663.78 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 1600.78 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 663.7789 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 25 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 63 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
303
Depth of section, D = 1400 mm
Effective depth, d = 1337.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 663.78 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 5454.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0039
ρm = 0.0039 x 8 = 0.0312
k = 0.221
x = 295.59 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×295.59^3)/3)+((8×5454×(1337.5-295.59)^2))= 6E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 238 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.45 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 99 acr = 64.515 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 3.51
ε1 = =
((1400-295.59)/(1337.5-295.59))×(98.84421924/200000) 0.00053 mm
εs = 0.0005×((1337.5-295.59)/(1400-295.59)) = 0.00050 mm
εm = 0.0005-((((3.8×1000×1400×(1400- = -0.001421 mm
295.59)))/(0.0005×5454×(1400-295.59)))×(1- εm = -0.00142 mm
(0.0010/663.7789))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×64.52×-0.001)/(1+2×(64.52-50)/(1400-295.59)) = -0.268 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
304
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.15 2.10 6.615 1.0 6.62
slab
10.50 1.40 14.70 1.0 14.70
W3 56.28 2.10 118.2 1.0 118.19
W3' 8.40 2.80 23.52 1.0 23.52
W4 14.58 2.40 34.99 1.0 34.99
W4' 0.00 4.20 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 1.25 3.15 3.927 1.0 3.93
Surcharge
DL
0.81 2.10 1.698 1.0 1.70
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
1.59 4.20 6.678 1.0 6.68
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.20 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
0.58 4.20 2.436 1.0 2.44
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.42 4.20 1.764 1.0 1.76
increment (DL)
Fy 39.42 4.20 165.6 1.0 165.56
Fy' 29.00 4.20 121.8 1.0 121.80
σ 7.40 2.10 15.53 1.0 15.53
55.53 1.40 77.74 1.0 77.74
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 4008.47
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 4008.47
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 4008.47
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 4008.47
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 4008.47
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 4008.47
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 4008.47
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 4008.47 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 4008.470 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
305
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2300 mm
Effective depth, d = 2212.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 4008.47 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0032
ρm = 0.0032 x 8 = 0.0256
k = 0.203
x = 449.14 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×449.14^3)/3)+((8×7195×(2212.5-449.14)^2)) = 2E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 270 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.61 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((2300-449.14)/(2212.5-449.14))×(270.3264192/200000) = 0.00142 mm
εs = 0.0014×((2212.5-449.14)/(2300-449.14)) = 0.00135 mm
εm = 0.0014-((((3.8×1000×2300×(2300- = 0.0005221 mm
449.14)))/(0.0014×7195×(2300-449.14)))×(1- εm = 0.00052 mm
(0.0010/4008.4700))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×0.001)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(2300-449.14)) = 0.133 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
306
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
1.65 1.10 1.815 1.0 1.82
slab
3.30 0.73 2.420 1.0 2.42
W5 4.84 0.90 4.356 1.0 4.36
IRC 5.28 1.10 5.808 1.0 5.81
σ 81.44 1.10 89.58 1.0 -89.58
15.24 1.47 22.35 1.0 -22.35
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -956.75
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -956.75
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -956.75
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -956.75
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -956.75
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -956.75
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -956.75
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 956.75 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 956.7538 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 10 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2300 mm
Effective depth, d = 1412.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 956.75 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 3163.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0014
ρm = 0.0014 x 8 = 0.0112
k = 0.139
x = 196.34 mm
307
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×196.34^3)/3)+((8×3163×(1412.5-196.34)^2)) = 4E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 233 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.70 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 86.788 mm
ε1 = ((2300-196.34)/(1412.5-196.34))×(233.0120493/200000) = 0.00202 mm
εs = 0.0020×((1412.5-196.34)/(2300-196.34)) = 0.00117 mm
εm = 0.0020-((((3.8×1000×2300×(2300- = -0.000346 mm
196.34)))/(0.0012×3163×(2300-196.34)))×(1- εm = -0.00035 mm
(0.0010/956.7538))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×86.79×0.000)/(1+2×(86.79-75)/(2300-196.34)) = -0.09 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
308
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 344.78 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 344.7761 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 63 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 988 mm
Effective depth, d = 925.56 mm
Service Bending Moment = 344.78 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0028
ρm = 0.0028 x 8 = 0.0224
k = 0.191
x = 176.79 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×176.79^3)/3)+((8×2727×(925.5597015-176.79)^2))= 1E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 147 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.33 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((988.0597015-176.79)/(925.5597015-176.79))×(146.7524034/200000) = 0.0008 mm
εs = 0.0008×((925.5597015-176.79)/(988.0597015-176.79)) = 0.00074 mm
εm = 0.0008-((((3.8×1000×988.0597015×(988.0597015- = -0.001065 mm
176.79)))/(0.0007×2727×(988.0597015-176.79)))×(1- εm = -0.00106 mm
(0.0010/344.7761))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×-0.001)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(988.0597015-176.79)) = -0.291 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 2.3 m from top of base slab
309
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW67 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for shear key
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / (but
D- xnot
) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 670.51 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 670.506 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 800 mm
Effective depth, d = 712.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 670.51 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 5454.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0069
ρm = 0.0069 x 8 = 0.0552
k = 0.282
x = 200.93 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×200.93^3)/3)+((8×5454×(712.5-200.93)^2)) = 1E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 194 < 375 Safe
fc = M x / Icr = 9.54 < 17.5 Safe
acr = 87.465 mm
ε1 = ((800-200.93)/(712.5-200.93))×(194.3032252/200000) = 0.00114 mm
εs = 0.0011×((712.5-200.93)/(800-200.93)) = 0.00097 mm
εm = 0.0011-((((3.8×1000×800×(800- = 0.0005674 mm
200.93)))/(0.0010×5454×(800-200.93)))×(1- εm = 0.00057 mm
(0.0010/670.5062))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×87.47×0.001)/(1+2×(87.47-75)/(800-200.93)) = 0.143 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
310
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1400 mm
height above the base
H= 6700 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1400 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 6700 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 3.07307E+12 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.007837816 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 6700 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.146065039 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000130003 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 26.8 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
311
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68
312
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 11.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.300 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 6.600 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 10.530 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 2.800 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.200 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 8.000 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.300 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 10.53 W6
3.930 Formation Level
6.600
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.300
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
11.000
W3
H' = 10.300 12.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.000 2.200 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.200 2.800 4.000
0.000
8.000
313
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 14.17°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.934
0.94 x 0.915 x 1.372
Kα = 0.79 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.198
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.198
Ca for stem Design = 1.198
314
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.2 + 10.3 + 3.3 = 15.80 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 15.8 ^2 )/2
= 76.889 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 76.889x Cos (29) = 67.250 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 76.889x sin (29) = 37.280 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.8/3)
= 5.267 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 354.183 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 15.800 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 15.8 ^2 )/2
= 95.862 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 83.84 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 46.47 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 16.59 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 9.19 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.8/2)
= 7.900 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 131.061 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
315
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.430 m
h1 for stability = 13.370 m
h1 for design = 7.170 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 13.37 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 8.540 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.47 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.14 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.685 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 7.47 x 6.685
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 49.937 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 4.14 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x6.43))
= 15.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 7.17 x 0.791) / (15.86)
= 5.829 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.585 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 19.114 T.m
316
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
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Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.198
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 5.324 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.824 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 8.8242
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 4.382 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 4.732 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 5.690 m
h1 for stability = 14.110 m
h1 for design = 7.910 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 14.11 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 2.924 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.56 T
317
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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7061466
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Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.42 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 7.055 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.56 x 7.055
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 18.061 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.42 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x5.69))
= 15.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 7.91 x 0.791) / (15.86)
= 2.086 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.955 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 7.546 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.198
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.645 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.721 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.63 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.35 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 9.313 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.63 x 9.3126
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 5.867 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.35 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 3.136 T
Dynamic increment = 1.050 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.221 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 5.484 T.m
318
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.27 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.5 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.3 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
Total ΣW = 68.325 ΣM = 354.061 ΣM' = 192.539
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
2.818 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.182 m
b/6 =
1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.27 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.5 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.3 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 298.240
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.0 2.200 47.916 5.800 126.324
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 67.250 1.0 354.183 -354.183
Total ΣW = 246.325 ΣM = 1077.551 ΣM' = 893.049
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.625 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.375 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
319
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1247.230 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 354.183 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1247.23/354.183
= 3.521 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 67.250 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.325 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 123.163 T
Factor of Safety = 123.163/67.25
= 1.831 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (123.163+8.77)/67.25
= 1.96 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 67.250 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.325 T
μxW = 123.1625 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.962 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 246.325 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.375 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (246.325/8) x (1+(6 x 0.375/8))
= 39.450 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (246.325/8) x (1-(6 x 0.375/8))
2
= 22.131 T/m
320
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 38.6 Stem 26.217 Heel σmin
39.450 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 22.131
36.85 30.791
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 298.240
Fy' Dynamic increment 9.190 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 73.520
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.0 2.200 47.916 5.800 126.324
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 67.250 1.0 354.183 -354.183
Fx' 16.590
Dynamic increment 1.0 131.061 -131.061
W1 Seismic Mass 0.520 1.0 7.35 3.822 -3.822
W1' Seismic Mass 3.350 1.0 5.63 18.861 -18.861
W3 Seismic Mass 8.240 1.0 7.35 60.564 -60.564
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.680 1.0 9.07 24.308 -24.308
Total ΣW = 255.515 ΣM = 1316.166 ΣM' = 727.954
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.849 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.151 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
321
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1320.750 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 592.800 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1320.75/592.8
= 2.228 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 98.630 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.515 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 127.758 T
Factor of Safety = 127.758/98.63
= 1.295 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (127.758+8.77+-0.66)/98.63
= 1.38 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 98.630 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.515 T
μxW = 127.7575 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.378 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.515 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.151 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (255.515/8) x (1+(6 x 1.151/8))
= 59.511 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (255.515/8) x (1-(6 x 1.151/8))
= 4.368 T/m2
322
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 56.8 Stem 17.378 Heel σmin
59.511 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 4.368
51.24 31.940
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 298.240
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.0 2.200 47.916 5.800 126.324
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.0 2.000 8.222 6.000 24.666
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.0 2.000 2.667 6.000 8.002
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.140 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 33.120
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 11.360
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 67.250 1.0 354.183 -354.183
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.470 1.0 6.685 49.937 -49.937
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.560 1.0 7.055 18.061 -18.061
Total ΣW = 257.330 ΣM = 1156.437 ΣM' = 902.200
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.506 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.494 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
323
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1324.380 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 422.180 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1324.38/422.18
= 3.137 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 77.280 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.330 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 128.665 T
Factor of Safety = 128.665/77.28
= 1.665 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (128.665+8.77)/77.28
= 1.78 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 77.280 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.330 T
μxW = 128.665 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.778 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.330 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.494 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (257.33/8) x (1+(6 x 0.494/8))
2
= 44.084 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (257.33/8) x (1-(6 x 0.494/8))
2
= 20.249 T/m
324
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 42.9 Stem 25.873 Heel σmin
44.084 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.249
40.51 32.167
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 298.240
Fy' Dynamic increment 9.190 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 73.520
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.0 2.200 47.916 5.800 126.324
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.0 2.000 8.222 6.000 24.666
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.0 2.000 2.667 6.000 8.002
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.140 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 33.120
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.420 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 11.360
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.350 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 2.800
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 67.250 1.0 354.183 -354.183
Fx' Dynamic increment 16.590 1.0 131.061 -131.061
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.470 1.0 6.685 49.937 -49.937
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 8.824 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.560 1.0 7.055 18.061 -18.061
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.630 1.0 9.313 5.867 -5.867
W1 Seismic Mass 0.52 1.0 3.822 -3.822
W1' Seismic Mass 3.35 1.0 18.8605 -18.861
W3 Seismic Mass 8.24 1.0 60.564 -60.564
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.68 1.0 24.3076 -24.308
Total ΣW = 266.870 ΣM = 1400.920 ΣM' = 734.037
325
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.751 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.249 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1400.700 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 666.660 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1400.7/666.66
= 2.101 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 109.290 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 266.870 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 133.435 T
Factor of Safety = 133.435/109.29
= 1.221 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (133.435+8.77+-0.66)/109.29
= 1.295132 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 109.290 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 266.870 T
μxW = 133.435 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.295 > 1.25, Hence Safe
326
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 266.870 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.249 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (266.87/8) x (1+(6 x 1.249/8))
= 64.608 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (266.87/8) x (1-(6 x 1.249/8))
= 2.110 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 61.6 Stem 16.856 Heel σmin
64.608 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 2.110
55.23 33.359
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
327
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.25 6.700 6.438 1.300 8.369
W1' 33.475
2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 5.733 41.844 2.267 94.846
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.25 4.000 7.500 4.000 30.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.200 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.25 2.667 11.875 5.333 63.333
W2'''2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.25 5.400 16.625 2.600 43.225
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.70 2.000 140.080 6.000 840.480
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.70 1.333 12.920 6.667 86.133
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.70 4.867 45.526 3.133 142.648
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.70 0.000 63.376 8.000 507.008
Fy' Dynamic increment 9.190 1.25 0.000 11.488 8.000 91.900
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.70 2.200 37.026 5.800 214.751
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.160 1.70 7.467 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.70 2.000 6.989 6.000 41.932
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.70 2.000 2.267 6.000 13.603
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 4.140 1.70 0.000 7.038 8.000 56.304
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.420 1.70 0.000 2.414 8.000 19.312
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.350 1.25 0.000 0.438 8.000 3.500
IRC loading 2.880 1.70 7.400 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 67.250
Fx pressure 1.70 114.325 -602.111
Fx' Dynamic increment 16.590 1.25 20.738 -163.826
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.470 1.70 6.685 12.699 -84.893
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 8.824 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.560 1.70 7.055 4.352 -30.703
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.630 1.25 9.313 0.788 -7.334
W1 Seismic Mass 0.520 1.25 0.650 -4.778
W1' Seismic Mass 3.350 1.25 4.188 -23.576
W3 Seismic Mass 8.240 1.25 10.300 -75.705
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.680 1.25 3.350 -30.385
ΣW 423.535 ΣM' 1239.831
Vertical load on heel = 299.66 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 2.927 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.073 m
328
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 423.535 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.073 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (423.535139029004/8) x (1+(6 x 1.073/8))
= 95.547 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (423.535139029004/8) x (1-(6 x 1.073/8))
= 10.337 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.25 6.700 6.438 1.300 8.369
W1' 33.475
2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 5.733 41.844 2.267 94.846
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.25 4.000 7.500 4.000 30.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.200 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.25 2.667 11.875 5.333 63.333
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.25 5.400 16.625 2.600 43.225
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.70 2.000 140.080 6.000 840.480
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.70 1.333 12.920 6.667 86.133
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.70 4.867 45.526 3.133 142.648
Fy Earth pressure 37.280 1.70 0.000 63.376 8.000 507.008
2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 21.780
W4 1 1.70 2.200 37.026 5.800 214.751
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
2.160
W5 1.0 1.70 7.467 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.70 2.000 6.989 6.000 41.932
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.70 2.000 2.267 6.000 13.603
Lat. Earth pressure
4.140 1.70 56.304
(LL) 0.000 7.038 8.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.420
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.414 8.000 19.312
IRC loading 2.880 1.700 7.400 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 67.250 1.70 114.325 -602.111
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.470 1.70 6.685 12.699 -84.893
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.560 1.70 7.055 4.352 -30.703
ΣW 411.610 ΣM' 1450.033
Vertical load on heel = 284.36 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.523 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.477 m
329
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 411.610 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.477 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (411.61/8) x (1+(6 x 0.477/8))
= 69.858 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (411.61/8) x (1-(6 x 0.477/8))
= 33.045 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 95.547 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 91.4 Stem 30.441 Heel σmin
95.547 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 10.337
82.77 52.942
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 10.300 m
Ka (stem) = 0.791
Ca (stem) = 1.198
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.791x10.3 ^2 )/2 = 83.92 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 83.91719x Cos (23.84) = 76.76 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 3.43 m
Moment due to Fx = 263.53 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 43.18 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 43.17863x Cos (23.84) = 39.49 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 6.80 m
Moment due to Fx' = 268.48 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 532.01 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 263.53 + 1.25 x 268.48
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 783.60 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 19.11 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
330
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 7.55 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 5.48 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 52.18 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 2.800 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.52x5.15 + 3.35x3.43 + 8.24x5.15 + 2.68x6.87
= 75.016 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 93.770 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 783.601 + 52.1776363341357 + 93.77
= 929.55 T.m
= 9118.872 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (9118.872/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1318 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2734 mm > 1318 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2593.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2593.577 2597.300 lesser
Ast = 8083 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2734
= 5468 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8083 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2734
= 3281 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided =3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
331
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2500 mm
h = 7.80 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = ########## Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 866.53 kNm h1= 7.80
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 79.54 kNm 10.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 34.63 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.50
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 23.02 kNm
force on stem = 38.83 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 3263.22 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 4164.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.169 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (3263.22/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 788.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2102.932 mm > 788 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2032.721 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1997.785 1997.785437 lesser
Ast = 3754.985 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2103
= 4206.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4206.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2734
= 3281 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3281 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
332
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.734 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.110 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 41.417 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 21.311 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 3.299 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.249 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.629 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.682 T
shear force at the section = 77.586 T
Factored shear force at the section = 117.67 T
= 1154.30 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.044 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.56 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.38 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 227.86 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
333
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 5.10 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.513 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 19.564 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 10.066 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.539 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.678
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.341
Seismic force on stem = 5.956 T
shear force at the section = 38.144 T
Factored shear force at the section = 57.48 T
= 563.89 kN
H = 5.20
effective depth considered = 1.45 m
v = 0.39 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.46 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 2.000 164.800 1.7 280.16
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 2.667 20.267 1.7 34.45
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.6 x 3.3 x 1 21.780 1.800 39.204 1.7 66.65
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.3 x 1 0.000 4.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 37.280 4.000 149.120 1.7 253.50
Fy' Dynamic increment 9.190 4.000 36.760 1.25 45.95
2.5 x 4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.000 2.000 6.000 1.25 7.50
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4 x 1.9 x 1.25 15.83
1.0 9.500 1.333 12.667
10.337 x 4 x 1.0 41.348 2.000 82.696 - -82.70
σ-
Upward - -113.59
0.5 x 42.61 x 4 x 1.0 85.210 1.333 113.585
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 2.000 8.222 1.7 13.98
DL Surcharge 1.334 2.000 2.667 1.7 4.53
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 28.15
(LL) 4.140 4.000 16.560
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 9.66
(DL) 1.420 4.000 5.680
Dynamic increment
1.25 1.75
(DL) 0.350 4.000 1.400
Total for Ka=0.308 565.836
= 565.836 T.m
= 5550.854 kN.m
334
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (5550.854/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1028 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2113 mm > 1028 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1999.436 (or) 2006.875 whichever is
= 1999.436 lesser
Ast = 6382 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2113
= 4225 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6382 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
335
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.1125 m
shear force at the section = 102.92 T
= 1009.624 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1056 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.91 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.61 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.50 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 269.5818
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.494 m
Shear force at the section considered = 36.830 T
= 361.297 kN
v = 0.731 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.00
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.801 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.803 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
336
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 0.53 1.152 1.7 1.9584
IRC 2.880 0.60 1.728 1.7 2.9376
Self 2.5 x 1.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.900 0.60 0.540 1.25 0.675
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 0.40 0.360 1.25 0.450
σ- 82.766 x 1.2 99.319 0.60 59.592 - -59.592
Upward 0.5 x 12.78 x 1.2 7.669 0.80 6.135 - -6.135
ΣM = -59.706
Factored Moment, Mu = 59.706 T.m
= 585.716 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (585.716/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 334 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 813 mm > 334 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 769.647 (or) 771.875 whichever is
= 769.647 lesser
Ast = 1749 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 813
= 1625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1749 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1117 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1117 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
337
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.813 m
shear force at the section = 32.732 T
= 321.096 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.406 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.79 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.62 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.65 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 268.6091
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.000
face m
effective depth considered = 0.313 m
Shear force at the section considered = 17.093 T
= 167.686 kN
v = 0.537 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.12
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.675 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.759 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
338
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 11.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 2.800 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.200 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 8.000 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
11.000
W3
H' = 10.300 12.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.000 2.200 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.200 2.800 4.000
0.000
8.000
339
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 14.17°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.934
0.94 x 0.915 x 2.51
Kα = 0.43 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.504
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.504
Ca for stem Design = 0.504
340
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.2 + 10.3 + 0 = 12.50 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 12.5 ^2 )/2
= 48.125 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 48.125x Cos (29) = 42.090 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 48.125x sin (29) = 23.330 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (12.5/3)
= 4.167 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 175.375 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 12.500 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 12.5 ^2 )/2
= 60.000 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 52.48 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 29.09 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 10.39 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 5.76 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (12.5/2)
= 6.250 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 64.938 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
341
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 12.500 m
h1 for design = 10.300 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 12.5 x 0.308) / (3)
= 20.918 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 18.3 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 10.14 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 18.3 x 6.25
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 114.375 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 10.14 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 10.3 x 0.433) / (3)
= 24.232 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.150 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 114.147 T.m
342
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.504
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 13.040 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 8.25
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 14.103 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 6.798 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 12.500 m
h1 for design = 10.300 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 12.5 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 4.544 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 3.97 T
343
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.2 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 3.97 x 6.25
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 24.813 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.2 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 10.3 x 0.433) / (4.48)
= 5.264 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.150 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 24.797 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.504
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 5.666 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 1.122 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.98 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.54 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.250 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.98 x 8.25
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 8.085 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.54 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 6.127 T
Dynamic increment = 0.863 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 23.84°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 6.798 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 5.870 T.m
344
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.27 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.5 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.3 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
Total ΣW = 68.325 ΣM = 354.061 ΣM' = 192.539
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=2.818 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.182 m
b/6 =1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.27 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.5 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.3 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 186.640
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 42.090 1.0 175.375 -175.375
Total ΣW = 210.595 ΣM = 850.827 ΣM' = 833.933
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.960 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.04 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
345
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1009.310 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 175.375 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1009.31/175.375
= 5.755 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 42.090 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 210.595 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 105.298 T
Factor of Safety = 105.298/42.09
= 2.502 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (105.298+8.77)/42.09
= 2.71 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 42.090 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 210.595 T
μxW = 105.2975 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.71 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 210.595 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.040 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (210.595/8) x (1+(6 x 0.04/8))
= 27.114 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (210.595/8) x (1-(6 x 0.04/8))
2
= 25.535 T/m
346
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 27 Stem 25.908 Heel σmin
27.114 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 25.535
26.88 26.325
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 186.640
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.760 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 46.080
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 42.090 1.0 175.375 -175.375
Fx' 10.390
Dynamic increment 1.0 64.938 -64.938
W1 Seismic Mass 0.520 1.0 7.35 3.822 -3.822
W1' Seismic Mass 3.350 1.0 5.63 18.861 -18.861
W3 Seismic Mass 8.240 1.0 7.35 60.564 -60.564
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.680 1.0 9.07 24.308 -24.308
Total ΣW = 216.355 ΣM = 1023.319 ΣM' = 707.521
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.270 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.73 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
347
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1055.390 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 347.870 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1055.39/347.87
= 3.034 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 67.270 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.355 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 108.178 T
Factor of Safety = 108.178/67.27
= 1.608 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (108.178+8.77+-0.66)/67.27
= 1.73 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 67.270 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.355 T
μxW = 108.1775 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.729 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.355 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.730 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (216.355/8) x (1+(6 x 0.73/8))
= 41.851 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (216.355/8) x (1-(6 x 0.73/8))
= 12.238 T/m2
348
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 40.4 Stem 19.225 Heel σmin
41.851 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 12.238
37.41 27.045
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 186.640
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.0 2.000 43.467 6.000 130.400
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.0 2.000 9.443 6.000 28.329
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 10.140 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 81.120
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.200 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 17.600
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 42.090 1.0 175.375 -175.375
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 18.300 1.0 6.250 114.375 -114.375
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.970 1.0 6.250 24.813 -24.813
Total ΣW = 249.390 ΣM = 1042.924 ΣM' = 952.195
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.818 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.182 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
349
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1266.760 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 314.560 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1266.76/314.56
= 4.027 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 64.360 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.390 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 124.695 T
Factor of Safety = 124.695/64.36
= 1.937 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (124.695+8.77)/64.36
= 2.07 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 64.360 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.390 T
μxW = 124.695 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.074 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 249.390 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.182 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (249.39/8) x (1+(6 x 0.182/8))
2
= 35.429 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (249.39/8) x (1-(6 x 0.182/8))
2
= 26.919 T/m
350
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 35 Stem 28.927 Heel σmin
35.429 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 26.919
34.15 31.174
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.0 6.700 34.505 1.300 6.695
W1' 2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 33.475 1.0 5.733 191.923 2.267 75.877
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.0 4.000 24.000 4.000 24.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.200 6.480 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.0 2.667 25.333 5.333 50.667
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.0 5.400 71.820 2.600 34.580
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.0 2.000 164.800 6.000 494.400
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.0 1.333 10.133 6.667 50.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.0 4.867 130.329 3.133 83.911
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 186.640
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.760 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 46.080
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 1.0 7.467 16.128 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.0 2.000 43.467 6.000 130.400
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.0 2.000 9.443 6.000 28.329
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 10.140 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 81.120
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.200 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 17.600
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.540 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.000 4.320
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 42.090 1.0 175.375 -175.375
Fx' Dynamic increment 10.390 1.0 64.938 -64.938
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 18.300 1.0 6.250 114.375 -114.375
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 8.250 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.970 1.0 6.250 24.813 -24.813
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.980 1.0 8.250 8.085 -8.085
W1 Seismic Mass 0.52 1.0 3.822 -3.822
W1' Seismic Mass 3.35 1.0 18.8605 -18.861
W3 Seismic Mass 8.24 1.0 60.564 -60.564
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.68 1.0 24.3076 -24.308
Total ΣW = 255.690 ΣM = 1223.501 ΣM' = 822.018
351
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.215 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.785 m
b/6 = 1.333 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1317.160 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 495.140 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1317.16/495.14
= 2.660 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 90.520 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.690 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 127.845 T
Factor of Safety = 127.845/90.52
= 1.412 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (127.845+8.77+-0.66)/90.52
= 1.501933 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 90.520 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.690 T
μxW = 127.845 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.502 > 1.25, Hence Safe
352
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 255.690 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.785 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (255.69/8) x (1+(6 x 0.785/8))
= 50.778 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (255.69/8) x (1-(6 x 0.785/8))
= 13.144 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 49 Stem 22.023 Heel σmin
50.778 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 13.144
45.13 31.961
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
353
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.25 6.700 6.438 1.300 8.369
W1' 33.475
2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 5.733 41.844 2.267 94.846
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.25 4.000 7.500 4.000 30.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.200 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.25 2.667 11.875 5.333 63.333
W2'''2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.25 5.400 16.625 2.600 43.225
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.70 2.000 140.080 6.000 840.480
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.70 1.333 12.920 6.667 86.133
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.70 4.867 45.526 3.133 142.648
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.70 0.000 39.661 8.000 317.288
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.760 1.25 0.000 7.200 8.000 57.600
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.160 1.70 7.467 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.70 2.000 36.947 6.000 221.680
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.70 2.000 8.026 6.000 48.159
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 10.140 1.70 0.000 17.238 8.000 137.904
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.200 1.70 0.000 3.740 8.000 29.920
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.540 1.25 0.000 0.675 8.000 5.400
IRC loading 2.880 1.70 7.400 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 42.090
Fx pressure 1.70 71.553 -298.138
Fx' Dynamic increment 10.390 1.25 12.988 -81.173
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 18.300 1.70 6.250 31.110 -194.438
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 8.250 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.970 1.70 6.250 6.749 -42.181
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.980 1.25 8.250 1.225 -10.106
W1 Seismic Mass 0.520 1.25 0.650 -4.778
W1' Seismic Mass 3.350 1.25 4.188 -23.576
W3 Seismic Mass 8.240 1.25 10.300 -75.705
W3'' Seismic Mass 2.680 1.25 3.350 -30.385
ΣW 405.987 ΣM' 1372.303
Vertical load on heel = 282.11 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.380 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.62 m
354
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 405.987 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.620 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (405.987345238095/8) x (1+(6 x 0.62/8))
= 74.346 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (405.987345238095/8) x (1-(6 x 0.62/8))
= 27.150 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 10.3 x 1.0 5.150 1.25 6.700 6.438 1.300 8.369
W1' 33.475
2.5 x 2.6 x 10.3 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 5.733 41.844 2.267 94.846
W2 2.5 x 8 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.000 1.25 4.000 7.500 4.000 30.000
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.200 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x1.9 9.500 1.25 2.667 11.875 5.333 63.333
W2''' 2.5x2.8x1x1.9 13.300 1.25 5.400 16.625 2.600 43.225
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 1.70 2.000 140.080 6.000 840.480
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 1.70 1.333 12.920 6.667 86.133
W3'' 2x0.5x2.6x10.2 26.780 1.70 4.867 45.526 3.133 142.648
Fy Earth pressure 23.330 1.70 0.000 39.661 8.000 317.288
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 6.600 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.300 0.000 4.700 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
2.160
W5 1.0 1.70 7.467 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.70 2.000 36.947 6.000 221.680
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.70 2.000 8.026 6.000 48.159
Lat. Earth pressure
10.140 1.70 137.904
(LL) 0.000 17.238 8.000
Lat. Earth pressure
2.200
(DL) 1.70 0.000 3.740 8.000 29.920
IRC loading 2.880 1.700 7.400 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 42.090 1.70 71.553 -298.138
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 18.300 1.70 6.250 31.110 -194.438
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.970 1.70 6.250 6.749 -42.181
ΣW 398.112 ΣM' 1535.025
Vertical load on heel = 270.86 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.856 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.144 m
355
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Total Vertical load, ΣW = 398.110 T
Base Width, b = 8.000 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.144 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (398.11/8) x (1+(6 x 0.144/8))
= 55.138 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (398.11/8) x (1-(6 x 0.144/8))
= 44.389 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 74.346 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.00
1.20 2.80 4.00
σmax Toe 72.1 Stem 38.285 Heel σmin
74.346 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 27.150
67.27 50.748
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 10.300 m
Ka (stem) = 0.433
Ca (stem) = 0.504
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.433x10.3 ^2 )/2 = 45.94 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 45.93697x Cos (23.84) = 42.02 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 3.43 m
Moment due to Fx = 144.26 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 7.53 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 7.53239x Cos (23.84) = 6.89 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 6.80 m
Moment due to Fx' = 46.84 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 191.10 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 144.26 + 1.25 x 46.84
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 303.79 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 114.15 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
356
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
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Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 24.80 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 5.87 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 243.54 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 2.800 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.52x5.15 + 3.35x3.43 + 8.24x5.15 + 2.68x6.87
= 75.016 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 93.770 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 303.792 + 243.541405011 + 93.77
= 641.10 T.m
= 6289.224 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (6289.224/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1095 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2734 mm > 1095 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2593.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2593.577 2597.300 lesser
Ast = 5575 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2734
= 5468 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5575 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2734
= 3281 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided =3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
357
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Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 2500 mm
h = 7.80 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 614.59 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 151.16 kNm h1= 7.80
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 642.17 kNm 10.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 139.51 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 2.50
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 30.20 kNm
force on stem = 38.83 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 2648.90 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 4164.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.169 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2648.9/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 710.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2102.932 mm > 710 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2032.721 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1997.785 1997.785437 lesser
Ast = 3048.088 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2103
= 4206.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4206.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2734
= 3281 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3281 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
358
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
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JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.734 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.110 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 22.672 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 3.718 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 16.281 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 3.537 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.580 T
Seismic force on stem = 9.682 T
shear force at the section = 56.470 T
Factored shear force at the section = 89.71 T
= 880.04 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.044 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.43 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.54 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.38 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 175.82 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
359
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Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
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Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 5.10 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.513 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 10.709 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 1.756 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 11.190 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 2.431
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.399
Seismic force on stem = 5.956 T
shear force at the section = 32.441 T
Factored shear force at the section = 51.50 T
= 505.21 kN
H = 5.20
effective depth considered = 1.45 m
v = 0.35 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.46 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4 x 10.2 x 1.0 82.400 2.000 164.800 1.7 280.16
W3' 2x0.5x4x1.9 7.600 2.667 20.267 1.7 34.45
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -2.600 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2 x 6.6 x 0 x 1 0.000 0.700 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 23.330 4.000 93.320 1.7 158.64
Fy' Dynamic increment 5.760 4.000 23.040 1.25 28.80
2.5 x 4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.000 2.000 6.000 1.25 7.50
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4 x 1.9 x 1.25 15.83
1.0 9.500 1.333 12.667
27.15 x 4 x 1.0 108.600 2.000 217.200 - -217.20
σ-
Upward - -62.91
0.5 x 23.6 x 4 x 1.0 47.196 1.333 62.912
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 2.000 43.467 1.7 73.89
DL Surcharge 4.721 2.000 9.443 1.7 16.05
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 68.95
(LL) 10.140 4.000 40.560
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 14.96
(DL) 2.200 4.000 8.800
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.70
(DL) 0.540 4.000 2.160
Total for Ka=0.308 421.838
= 421.838 T.m
= 4138.233 kN.m
360
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
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JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4138.233/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 888 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2113 mm > 888 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1999.436 (or) 2006.875 whichever is
= 1999.436 lesser
Ast = 4758 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2113
= 4225 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4758 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2113
= 2535 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2618 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
361
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.1125 m
shear force at the section = 71.37 T
= 700.113 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.1056 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.63 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.61 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.50 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 176.5339
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.494 m
Shear force at the section considered = 24.965 T
= 244.905 kN
v = 0.496 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.00
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.801 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.803 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
362
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
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(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 0.53 1.152 1.7 1.9584
IRC 2.880 0.60 1.728 1.7 2.9376
Self 2.5 x 1.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.900 0.60 0.540 1.25 0.675
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 0.40 0.360 1.25 0.450
σ- 67.267 x 1.2 80.720 0.60 48.432 - -48.432
Upward 0.5 x 7.08 x 1.2 4.247 0.80 3.398 - -3.398
ΣM = -45.809
Factored Moment, Mu = 45.809 T.m
= 449.386 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (449.386/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 293 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 813 mm > 293 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 769.647 (or) 771.875 whichever is
= 769.647 lesser
Ast = 1342 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 813
= 1625 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1625 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1117 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 813
= 975 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1117 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
363
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.813 m
shear force at the section = 24.873 T
= 244.003 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.406 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.60 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.62 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.65 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 180 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 174.0013
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 180 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.000
face m
effective depth considered = 0.313 m
Shear force at the section considered = 12.948 T
= 127.022 kN
v = 0.406 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.12
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.675 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.759 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
364
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 76.76 3.43 263.5 1.0 263.53
Fx' 39.49 6.80 268.5 1.0 268.48
Lat. Earth pressure
19.11 1.0 19.11
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
7.546 1.2 9.06
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
5.484 1.2 6.58
incr)
Seismic force 75.02 1.0 75.02
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2861.6 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 6295.9
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2674.1 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 6108.4
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2861.6 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 6295.9
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2861.6 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 6295.9
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2861.6 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 6295.9
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2674.1 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 6108.4
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2674.1 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 6108.4
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 2861.60 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 6295.90 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 2861.601 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
365
Depth of section, D = 2800 mm
Effective depth, d = 2734.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 2861.60 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0032
ρm = 0.0032 x 8 = 0.0256
k = 0.203
x = 555.01 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×555.01^3)/3)+((8×8936×(2734-555.01)^2)) = 4E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 277 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.81 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 126 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 4.01
ε1 = =
((2800-555.01)/(2734-555.01))×(125.8365783/200000) 0.00065 mm
εs = 0.0007×((2734-555.01)/(2800-555.01)) = 0.00063 mm
εm = 0.0007-((((3.8×1000×2800×(2800- = -0.001237 mm
555.01)))/(0.0006×8936×(2800-555.01)))×(1- εm = -0.00124 mm
(0.0010/2861.6009))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×-0.001)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(2800-555.01)) = -0.235 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
366
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.00 2.00 6.000 1.0 6.00
slab
9.50 1.33 12.67 1.0 12.67
W3 82.40 2.00 164.8 1.0 164.80
W3' 7.60 2.67 20.27 1.0 20.27
W4 21.78 1.80 39.20 1.0 39.20
W4' 0.00 4.00 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 4.11 2.00 8.222 1.0 8.22
Surcharge
DL
1.33 2.00 2.667 1.0 2.67
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
4.14 4.00 16.56 1.0 16.56
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.00 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.42 4.00 5.680 1.0 5.68
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.35 4.00 1.400 1.0 1.40
increment (DL)
Fy 37.28 4.00 149.1 1.0 149.12
Fy' 9.19 4.00 36.76 1.0 36.76
σ 8.44 2.00 16.88 1.0 16.88
62.50 1.33 83.33 1.0 83.33
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3562.36
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3562.36
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3562.36
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3562.36
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3562.36
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3562.36
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3562.36
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 3562.36 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 3562.360 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
367
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2200 mm
Effective depth, d = 2112.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 3562.36 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0033
ρm = 0.0033 x 8 = 0.0264
k = 0.205
x = 433.07 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×433.07^3)/3)+((8×7195×(2112.5-433.07)^2)) = 2E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 253 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.14 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((2200-433.07)/(2112.5-433.07))×(252.674376/200000) = 0.00133 mm
εs = 0.0013×((2112.5-433.07)/(2200-433.07)) = 0.00126 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×2200×(2200- = 0.0004109 mm
433.07)))/(0.0013×7195×(2200-433.07)))×(1- εm = 0.00041 mm
(0.0010/3562.3600))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×0.000)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(2200-433.07)) = 0.105 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
368
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
0.90 0.60 0.540 1.0 0.54
slab
0.90 0.40 0.360 1.0 0.36
W5 2.16 0.53 1.152 1.0 1.15
IRC 2.88 0.60 1.728 1.0 1.73
σ 66.28 0.60 39.77 1.0 -39.77
5.63 0.80 4.500 1.0 -4.50
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -397.18
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -397.18
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -397.18
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -397.18
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -397.18
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -397.18
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -397.18
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 397.18 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 397.1849 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2200 mm
Effective depth, d = 812.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 397.18 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0013
ρm = 0.0013 x 8 = 0.0104
k = 0.135
x = 109.69 mm
369
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×109.69^3)/3)+((8×2727×(812.5-109.69)^2)) = 1E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 199 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 3.88 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((2200-109.69)/(812.5-109.69))×(199.1094474/200000) = 0.00297 mm
εs = 0.0030×((812.5-109.69)/(2200-109.69)) = 0.00100 mm
εm = 0.0030-((((3.8×1000×2200×(2200- = -1E-04 mm
109.69)))/(0.0010×2727×(2200-109.69)))×(1- εm = -0.00010 mm
(0.0010/397.1849))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×0.000)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(2200-109.69)) = -0.034 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
370
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW68 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 2165.29 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 2165.290 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2169 mm
Effective depth, d = 2102.93 mm
Service Bending Moment = 2165.29 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0021
ρm = 0.0021 x 8 = 0.0168
k = 0.168
x = 353.3 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×353.30^3)/3)+((8×4468×(2102.932039-353.30)^2))= 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 244 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 6.16 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((2168.932039-353.30)/(2102.932039-353.30))×(244.1811408/200000) = 0.00127 mm
εs = 0.0013×((2102.932039-353.30)/(2168.932039-353.30)) = 0.00122 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×2168.932039×(2168.932039- = -0.000237 mm
353.30)))/(0.0012×4468×(2168.932039-353.30)))×(1- εm = -0.00024 mm
(0.0010/2165.2905))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×0.000)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(2168.932039-353.30)) = -0.07 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 2.5 m from top of base slab
371
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 2800 mm
height above the base
H= 10300 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 2800 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 10300 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 3.53548E+13 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.008707528 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 10300 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.24679589 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000100522 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 41.2 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
372
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69
373
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 12.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.650 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 7.300 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 11.230 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 3.500 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.500 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 8.700 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.650 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 11.23 W6
3.930 Formation Level
7.300
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.650
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
12.000
W3
H' = 11.000 13.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.000 2.500 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.200 3.500 4.000
0.000
8.700
374
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 16.70°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.955
0.917 x 0.896 x 1.375
Kα = 0.85 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.276
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.276
Ca for stem Design = 1.276
375
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.5 + 11 + 3.65 = 17.15 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 17.15 ^2 )/2
= 90.590 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 90.59x Cos (29) = 79.230 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 90.59x sin (29) = 43.920 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (17.15/3)
= 5.717 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 452.932 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 17.150 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 17.15 ^2 )/2
= 112.943 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 98.78 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 54.76 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 19.55 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 10.84 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (17.15/2)
= 8.575 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 167.641 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
376
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.430 m
h1 for stability = 14.720 m
h1 for design = 8.220 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 14.72 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 9.402 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 8.22 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.56 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 7.360 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 8.22 x 7.36
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 60.499 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 4.56 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x6.43))
= 15.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 8.22 x 0.845) / (15.86)
= 7.139 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.110 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 26.288 T.m
377
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.276
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 5.861 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 9.715 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 9.7152
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 5.240 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 5.425 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 5.690 m
h1 for stability = 15.460 m
h1 for design = 8.960 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 15.46 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 3.204 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.8 T
378
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.55 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 7.730 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.8 x 7.73
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 21.644 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.55 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x5.69))
= 15.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 8.96 x 0.845) / (15.86)
= 2.524 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 4.480 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 10.131 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.276
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.994 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.790 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.69 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.38 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 10.204 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.69 x 10.2036
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 7.04 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.38 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 3.706 T
Dynamic increment = 1.182 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 5.914 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 6.990 T.m
379
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.50 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.25 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
Total ΣW = 88.550 ΣM = 497.540 ΣM' = 272.847
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.081 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.269 m
b/6 =
1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.50 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.25 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 382.104
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.0 2.433 64.836 6.267 166.975
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 79.230 1.0 452.932 -452.932
Total ΣW = 294.375 ΣM = 1405.811 ΣM' = 1155.253
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.924 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.426 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
380
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1608.180 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 452.932 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1608.18/452.932
= 3.551 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 79.230 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 294.375 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 147.188 T
Factor of Safety = 147.188/79.23
= 1.858 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (147.188+8.77)/79.23
= 1.97 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 79.230 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 294.375 T
μxW = 147.1875 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.968 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 294.375 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.426 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (294.375/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.426/8.7))
= 43.777 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (294.375/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.426/8.7))
2
= 23.895 T/m
381
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 42.9 Stem 27.523 Heel σmin
43.777 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.895
41.04 33.036
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 382.104
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.840 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 94.308
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.0 2.433 64.836 6.267 166.975
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 79.230 1.0 452.932 -452.932
Fx' 19.550
Dynamic increment 1.0 167.641 -167.641
W1 Seismic Mass 0.550 1.0 8 4.400 -4.400
W1' Seismic Mass 4.540 1.0 6.17 28.012 -28.012
W3 Seismic Mass 8.800 1.0 8 70.400 -70.400
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.630 1.0 9.83 35.683 -35.683
Total ΣW = 305.215 ΣM = 1711.947 ΣM' = 943.425
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.091 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.259 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
382
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1702.490 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 759.070 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1702.49/759.07
= 2.243 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 116.300 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.215 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 152.608 T
Factor of Safety = 152.608/116.3
= 1.312 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (152.608+8.77+-0.66)/116.3
= 1.38 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 116.300 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.215 T
μxW = 152.6075 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.382 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.215 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.259 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (305.215/8.7) x (1+(6 x 1.259/8.7))
= 65.543 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (305.215/8.7) x (1-(6 x 1.259/8.7))
= 4.621 T/m2
383
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 62.8 Stem 15.738 Heel σmin
65.543 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 4.621
57.14 32.631
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 382.104
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.0 2.433 64.836 6.267 166.975
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.0 2.000 8.222 6.700 27.544
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.0 2.000 2.667 6.700 8.936
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.560 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 39.672
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.550 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 13.485
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 79.230 1.0 452.932 -452.932
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.220 1.0 7.360 60.499 -60.499
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.800 1.0 7.730 21.644 -21.644
Total ΣW = 305.930 ΣM = 1498.843 ΣM' = 1162.746
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.801 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.549 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
384
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1697.820 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 535.080 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1697.82/535.08
= 3.173 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 90.250 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.930 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 152.965 T
Factor of Safety = 152.965/90.25
= 1.695 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (152.965+8.77)/90.25
= 1.79 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 90.250 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.930 T
μxW = 152.965 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.792 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.930 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.549 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (305.93/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.549/8.7))
2
= 48.478 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (305.93/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.549/8.7))
2
= 21.850 T/m
385
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 47.3 Stem 26.709 Heel σmin
48.478 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 21.850
44.81 34.093
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 382.104
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.840 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 94.308
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.0 2.433 64.836 6.267 166.975
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.0 2.000 8.222 6.700 27.544
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.0 2.000 2.667 6.700 8.936
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.560 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 39.672
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.550 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 13.485
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.380 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 3.306
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 79.230 1.0 452.932 -452.932
Fx' Dynamic increment 19.550 1.0 167.641 -167.641
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 8.220 1.0 7.360 60.499 -60.499
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 9.715 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.800 1.0 7.730 21.644 -21.644
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.690 1.0 10.204 7.040 -7.040
W1 Seismic Mass 0.55 1.0 4.4 -4.400
W1' Seismic Mass 4.54 1.0 28.0118 -28.012
W3 Seismic Mass 8.8 1.0 70.4 -70.400
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.63 1.0 35.6829 -35.683
Total ΣW = 317.150 ΣM = 1812.019 ΣM' = 947.184
386
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 2.987 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.363 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1795.440 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 848.250 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1795.44/848.25
= 2.117 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 128.010 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 317.150 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 158.575 T
Factor of Safety = 158.575/128.01
= 1.239 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (158.575+8.77+-0.66)/128.01
= 1.302125 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 128.010 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 317.150 T
μxW = 158.575 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.302 > 1.25, Hence Safe
387
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 317.150 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.363 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (317.15/8.7) x (1+(6 x 1.363/8.7))
= 70.721 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (317.15/8.7) x (1-(6 x 1.363/8.7))
= 2.187 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 67.6 Stem 14.692 Heel σmin
70.721 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 2.187
61.27 33.697
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
388
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.25 7.400 6.875 1.300 8.937
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.25 6.200 56.719 2.500 141.797
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.25 4.350 8.156 4.350 35.480
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.900 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.25 2.667 13.750 6.033 82.958
W2'''2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.25 5.750 24.063 2.950 70.984
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.70 2.000 149.600 6.700 1002.320
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.70 1.333 14.960 7.367 110.205
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.70 5.100 61.710 3.600 222.156
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.70 0.000 74.664 8.700 649.577
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.840 1.25 0.000 13.550 8.700 117.885
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.70 2.433 45.297 6.267 283.858
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.160 1.70 8.167 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.70 2.000 6.989 6.700 46.824
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.70 2.000 2.267 6.700 15.190
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 4.560 1.70 0.000 7.752 8.700 67.442
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.550 1.70 0.000 2.635 8.700 22.925
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.380 1.25 0.000 0.475 8.700 4.133
IRC loading 2.880 1.70 8.100 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 79.230
Fx pressure 1.70 134.691 -769.984
Fx' Dynamic increment 19.550 1.25 24.438 -209.551
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.220 1.70 7.360 13.974 -102.849
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 9.715 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.800 1.70 7.730 4.760 -36.795
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.690 1.25 10.204 0.863 -8.801
W1 Seismic Mass 0.550 1.25 0.688 -5.500
W1' Seismic Mass 4.540 1.25 5.675 -35.015
W3 Seismic Mass 8.800 1.25 11.000 -88.000
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.630 1.25 4.538 -44.604
ΣW 499.154 ΣM' 1587.370
Vertical load on heel = 335.69 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.180 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.17 m
389
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 499.154 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.170 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (499.153889029004/8.7) x (1+(6 x 1.17/8.7))
= 103.669 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (499.153889029004/8.7) x (1-(6 x 1.17/8.7))
= 11.079 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.25 7.400 6.875 1.300 8.937
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.25 6.200 56.719 2.500 141.797
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.25 4.350 8.156 4.350 35.480
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.900 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.25 2.667 13.750 6.033 82.958
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.25 5.750 24.063 2.950 70.984
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.70 2.000 149.600 6.700 1002.320
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.70 1.333 14.960 7.367 110.205
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.70 5.100 61.710 3.600 222.156
Fy Earth pressure 43.920 1.70 0.000 74.664 8.700 649.577
2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 26.645
W4 1 1.70 2.433 45.297 6.267 283.858
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
2.160
W5 1.0 1.70 8.167 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 1.70 2.000 6.989 6.700 46.824
DL Surcharge 1.334 1.70 2.000 2.267 6.700 15.190
Lat. Earth pressure
4.560 1.70 67.442
(LL) 0.000 7.752 8.700
Lat. Earth pressure
1.550
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.635 8.700 22.925
IRC loading 2.880 1.700 8.100 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 79.230 1.70 134.691 -769.984
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 8.220 1.70 7.360 13.974 -102.849
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.800 1.70 7.730 4.760 -36.795
ΣW 485.129 ΣM' 1856.822
Vertical load on heel = 316.22 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.827 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.523 m
390
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 485.130 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.523 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (485.13/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.523/8.7))
= 75.875 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (485.13/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.523/8.7))
= 35.649 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 103.669 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 99.5 Stem 27.974 Heel σmin
103.669 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.079
90.90 53.649
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 11.000 m
Ka (stem) = 0.845
Ca (stem) = 1.276
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.845x11 ^2 )/2 = 102.25 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 102.245x Cos (26.37) = 91.61 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 3.67 m
Moment due to Fx = 335.89 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 52.15 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 52.151x Cos (26.37) = 46.72 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 7.26 m
Moment due to Fx' = 339.22 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 675.11 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 335.89 + 1.25 x 339.22
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 995.04 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 26.29 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
391
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 10.13 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 6.99 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 70.65 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 3.500 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.55x5.5 + 4.54x3.67 + 8.8x5.5 + 3.63x7.33
= 94.695 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 118.370 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 995.038 + 70.6495192425312 + 118.37
= 1184.06 T.m
= 11615.604 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (11615.604/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1487 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 3434 mm > 1487 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 3293.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 3262.300 3262.300 lesser
Ast = 8185 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3434
= 6868 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8185 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3434
= 4121 mm²
Distribution
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided =4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
392
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 4100 mm
h = 6.90 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 813.27 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 622.22 kNm h1= 6.90
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 64.78 kNm 11.0
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 29.24 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 4.10
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 18.07 kNm
force on stem = 30.91 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 2381.40 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 5764.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.270 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2381.4/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 673.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2204.000 mm > 673 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2133.789 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2093.800 2093.8 lesser
Ast = 2614.616 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2204
= 4408.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4408.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3434
= 4121 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 4121 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
393
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.434 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.470 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 43.338 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 22.105 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 3.724 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.395 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.653 T
Seismic force on stem = 10.295 T
shear force at the section = 81.510 T
Factored shear force at the section = 123.69 T
= 1213.43 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.404 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.50 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.51 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.36 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 289.00 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 413.37 mm
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
394
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 5.70 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.790 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 21.266 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 10.847 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.961 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.823
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.385
Seismic force on stem = 6.401 T
shear force at the section = 41.683 T
Factored shear force at the section = 62.93 T
= 617.31 kN
H = 5.30
effective depth considered = 1.72 m
v = 0.36 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.42 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 2.000 176.000 1.7 299.20
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 2.667 23.467 1.7 39.89
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.3 x 3.65 x 1 26.645 1.567 41.744 1.7 70.96
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.65 x 1 0.000 4.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 43.920 4.000 175.680 1.7 298.66
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.840 4.000 43.360 1.25 54.20
2.5 x 4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.000 2.000 6.000 1.25 7.50
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4 x 2.2 x 1.25 18.33
1.0 11.000 1.333 14.667
11.079 x 4 x 1.0 44.316 2.000 88.632 - -88.63
σ-
Upward - -113.49
0.5 x 42.57 x 4 x 1.0 85.140 1.333 113.492
W6 LL Surcharge 4.111 2.000 8.222 1.7 13.98
DL Surcharge 1.334 2.000 2.667 1.7 4.53
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 31.01
(LL) 4.560 4.000 18.240
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 10.54
(DL) 1.550 4.000 6.200
Dynamic increment
1.25 1.90
(DL) 0.380 4.000 1.520
Total for Ka=0.308 648.583
= 648.583 T.m
= 6362.603 kN.m
395
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (6362.603/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1101 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2413 mm > 1101 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2299.436 (or) 2291.875 whichever is
= 2291.875 lesser
Ast = 6382 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2413
= 4825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6382 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2413
= 2895 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2413
= 2895 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
396
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.4125 m
shear force at the section = 102.23 T
= 1002.855 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.0821 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.93 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.62 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 362.6368
Reinforcement Provided = 490.87
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.5000 m
effective depth considered = 0.484 m
Shear force at the section considered = 35.091 T
= 344.245 kN
v = 0.711 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.01
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.806 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.813 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
397
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 0.53 1.152 1.7 1.9584
IRC 2.880 0.60 1.728 1.7 2.9376
Self 2.5 x 1.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.900 0.60 0.540 1.25 0.675
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 0.40 0.360 1.25 0.450
σ- 90.898 x 1.2 109.078 0.60 65.447 - -65.447
Upward 0.5 x 12.77 x 1.2 7.663 0.80 6.130 - -6.130
ΣM = -65.556
Factored Moment, Mu = 65.556 T.m
= 643.104 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (643.104/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 350 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 809 mm > 350 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 738.789 (or) 768.550 whichever is
= 738.789 lesser
Ast = 2001 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 809
= 1618 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2001 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 809
= 971 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 809
= 971 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
398
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.809 m
shear force at the section = 36.196 T
= 355.085 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.405 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.88 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.73 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.77 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 281.2488
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.900
face m
effective depth considered = 0.359 m
Shear force at the section considered = 27.917 T
= 273.868 kN
v = 0.763 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.09
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.760 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.826 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
399
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 12.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 3.500 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.200 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.500 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 0.900 m
Total Base width = 8.700 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
12.000
W3
H' = 11.000 13.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
0.900 0.000 2.500 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.200 3.500 4.000
0.000
8.700
400
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 16.70°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.955
0.917 x 0.896 x 2.542
Kα = 0.46 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.530
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.530
Ca for stem Design = 0.530
401
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
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(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.5 + 11 + 0 = 13.50 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 13.5 ^2 )/2
= 56.133 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 56.133x Cos (29) = 49.100 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 56.133x sin (29) = 27.210 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.5/3)
= 4.500 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 220.950 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 13.500 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 13.5 ^2 )/2
= 69.984 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 61.21 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 33.93 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 12.11 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 6.72 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.5/2)
= 6.750 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 81.743 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
402
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
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(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 13.500 m
h1 for design = 11.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 13.5 x 0.308) / (3)
= 22.592 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 19.76 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 10.95 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 19.76 x 6.75
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 133.38 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 10.95 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 11 x 0.457) / (3)
= 27.313 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.500 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 134.590 T.m
403
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.530
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 14.083 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.910 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 8.91
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 15.838 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 7.260 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 13.500 m
h1 for design = 11.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 13.5 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 4.908 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 4.29 T
404
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.38 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.750 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 4.29 x 6.75
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 28.958 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.38 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 11 x 0.457) / (4.48)
= 5.934 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.500 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 29.241 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.530
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 6.119 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 1.211 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.06 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.59 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.910 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 1.06 x 8.91
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 9.445 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.59 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 6.881 T
Dynamic increment = 0.947 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 26.37°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.260 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 6.879 T.m
405
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.50 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.25 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
Total ΣW = 88.550 ΣM = 497.540 ΣM' = 272.847
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.081 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.269 m
b/6 =
1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.50 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.9 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.25 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 236.727
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 49.100 1.0 220.950 -220.950
Total ΣW = 251.020 ΣM = 1108.993 ΣM' = 1074.883
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.282 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.068 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
406
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1295.830 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 220.950 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1295.83/220.95
= 5.865 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 49.100 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 251.020 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 125.510 T
Factor of Safety = 125.51/49.1
= 2.556 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (125.51+8.77)/49.1
= 2.73 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 11.697 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 49.100 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 251.020 T
μxW = 125.51 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.735 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 251.020 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.068 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (251.02/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.068/8.7))
= 30.206 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (251.02/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.068/8.7))
2
= 27.500 T/m
407
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 30.1 Stem 27.994 Heel σmin
30.206 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 27.500
29.83 28.744
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 236.727
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.720 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 58.464
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 49.100 1.0 220.950 -220.950
Fx' 12.110
Dynamic increment 1.0 81.743 -81.743
W1 Seismic Mass 0.550 1.0 8 4.400 -4.400
W1' Seismic Mass 4.540 1.0 6.17 28.012 -28.012
W3 Seismic Mass 8.800 1.0 8 70.400 -70.400
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.630 1.0 9.83 35.683 -35.683
Total ΣW = 257.740 ΣM = 1329.231 ΣM' = 913.109
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.543 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.807 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
408
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1354.300 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 441.190 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1354.3/441.19
= 3.070 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 78.730 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.740 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 128.870 T
Factor of Safety = 128.87/78.73
= 1.637 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (128.87+8.77+-0.66)/78.73
= 1.74 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 10.818 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 78.730 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.740 T
μxW = 128.87 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.74 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 257.740 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.807 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (257.74/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.807/8.7))
= 46.113 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (257.74/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.807/8.7))
= 13.137 T/m2
409
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 44.6 Stem 19.154 Heel σmin
46.113 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 13.137
41.57 28.298
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 236.727
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
2.160
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.0 2.000 43.467 6.700 145.613
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.0 2.000 9.443 6.700 31.634
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 10.950 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 95.265
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.380 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 20.706
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 49.100 1.0 220.950 -220.950
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 19.760 1.0 6.750 133.380 -133.380
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.290 1.0 6.750 28.958 -28.958
Total ΣW = 290.805 ΣM = 1324.240 ΣM' = 1205.763
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.146 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.204 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
410
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1589.050 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 383.290 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1589.05/383.29
= 4.146 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 73.150 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 290.805 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 145.403 T
Factor of Safety = 145.403/73.15
= 1.988 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Revised FOS = (145.403+8.77)/73.15
= 2.11 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.697 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.697
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 73.150 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 290.805 T
μxW = 145.4025 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.108 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 290.805 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.204 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (290.805/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.204/8.7))
2
= 38.129 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (290.805/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.204/8.7))
2
= 28.723 T/m
411
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 37.7 Stem 30.439 Heel σmin
38.129 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 28.723
36.83 33.048
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.0 7.400 40.700 1.300 7.150
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.5 45.375 1.0 6.200 281.325 2.500 113.438
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.0 4.350 28.384 4.350 28.384
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.0 7.900 7.110 0.800 0.720
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.0 2.667 29.333 6.033 66.367
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.0 5.750 110.688 2.950 56.788
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.0 2.000 176.000 6.700 589.600
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.0 1.333 11.733 7.367 64.827
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.0 5.100 185.130 3.600 130.680
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 236.727
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.720 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 58.464
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 1.0 8.167 17.640 0.533 1.152
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.0 2.000 43.467 6.700 145.613
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.0 2.000 9.443 6.700 31.634
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 10.950 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 95.265
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.380 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 20.706
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.590 1.0 0.000 0.000 8.700 5.133
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 49.100 1.0 220.950 -220.950
Fx' Dynamic increment 12.110 1.0 81.743 -81.743
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 19.760 1.0 6.750 133.380 -133.380
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 8.910 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 4.290 1.0 6.750 28.958 -28.958
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.060 1.0 8.910 9.445 -9.445
W1 Seismic Mass 0.55 1.0 4.4 -4.400
W1' Seismic Mass 4.54 1.0 28.0118 -28.012
W3 Seismic Mass 8.8 1.0 70.4 -70.400
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.63 1.0 35.6829 -35.683
Total ΣW = 298.115 ΣM = 1553.923 ΣM' = 1039.678
412
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.488 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.862 m
b/6 = 1.450 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1652.650 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 612.970 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1652.65/612.97
= 2.696 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 103.840 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 298.115 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 149.058 T
Factor of Safety = 149.058/103.84
= 1.435 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 8.770 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.66 T
Revised FOS = (149.058+8.77+-0.66)/103.84
= 1.513559 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.500 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 10.818 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 10.818
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 103.840 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 298.115 T
μxW = 149.0575 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.514 > 1.25, Hence Safe
413
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 298.115 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.862 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (298.115/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.862/8.7))
= 54.637 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (298.115/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.862/8.7))
= 13.895 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 52.8 Stem 21.329 Heel σmin
54.637 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 13.895
49.02 32.627
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
414
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.25 7.400 6.875 1.300 8.937
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.25 6.200 56.719 2.500 141.797
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.25 4.350 8.156 4.350 35.480
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.900 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.25 2.667 13.750 6.033 82.958
W2'''2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.25 5.750 24.063 2.950 70.984
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.70 2.000 149.600 6.700 1002.320
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.70 1.333 14.960 7.367 110.205
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.70 5.100 61.710 3.600 222.156
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.70 0.000 46.257 8.700 402.436
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.720 1.25 0.000 8.400 8.700 73.080
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.160 1.70 8.167 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.70 2.000 36.947 6.700 247.543
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.70 2.000 8.026 6.700 53.777
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 10.950 1.70 0.000 18.615 8.700 161.951
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 8.700 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.380 1.70 0.000 4.046 8.700 35.200
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.590 1.25 0.000 0.738 8.700 6.416
IRC loading 2.880 1.70 8.100 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 49.100
Fx pressure 1.70 83.470 -375.615
Fx' Dynamic increment 12.110 1.25 15.138 -102.179
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 19.760 1.70 6.750 33.592 -226.746
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 8.910 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.290 1.70 6.750 7.293 -49.228
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.060 1.25 8.910 1.325 -11.806
W1 Seismic Mass 0.550 1.25 0.688 -5.500
W1' Seismic Mass 4.540 1.25 5.675 -35.015
W3 Seismic Mass 8.800 1.25 11.000 -88.000
W3'' Seismic Mass 3.630 1.25 4.538 -44.604
ΣW 468.554 ΣM' 1722.345
Vertical load on heel = 305.09 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.676 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.674 m
415
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 468.554 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.674 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (468.554095238095/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.674/8.7))
= 78.891 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (468.554095238095/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.674/8.7))
= 28.823 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 11 x 1.0 5.500 1.25 7.400 6.875 1.300 8.937
W1' 2.5 x 3.3 x 11 x 1.0x0.545.375 1.25 6.200 56.719 2.500 141.797
W2 2.5 x 8.7 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.525 1.25 4.350 8.156 4.350 35.480
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 1.25 7.900 1.125 0.800 0.900
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4x2.2 11.000 1.25 2.667 13.750 6.033 82.958
W2''' 2.5x3.5x1x2.2 19.250 1.25 5.750 24.063 2.950 70.984
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 1.70 2.000 149.600 6.700 1002.320
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 1.70 1.333 14.960 7.367 110.205
W3'' 2x0.5x3.3x10.9 36.300 1.70 5.100 61.710 3.600 222.156
Fy Earth pressure 27.210 1.70 0.000 46.257 8.700 402.436
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 7.300 0.000 1.400 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.650 0.000 5.050 0.000
2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x
2.160
W5 1.0 1.70 8.167 3.672 0.533 1.958
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 1.70 2.000 36.947 6.700 247.543
DL Surcharge 4.721 1.70 2.000 8.026 6.700 53.777
Lat. Earth pressure
10.950 1.70 161.951
(LL) 0.000 18.615 8.700
Lat. Earth pressure
2.380
(DL) 1.70 0.000 4.046 8.700 35.200
IRC loading 2.880 1.700 8.100 4.896 0.600 2.938
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 49.100 1.70 83.470 -375.615
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 19.760 1.70 6.750 33.592 -226.746
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.290 1.70 6.750 7.293 -49.228
ΣW 459.417 ΣM' 1929.952
Vertical load on heel = 290.51 T
Vertical load on toe = 10.82 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.201 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.149 m
416
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 459.420 T
Base Width, b = 8.700 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.149 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (459.42/8.7) x (1+(6 x 0.149/8.7))
= 58.233 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (459.42/8.7) x (1-(6 x 0.149/8.7))
= 47.381 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 78.891 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
8.70
1.20 3.50 4.00
σmax Toe 76.6 Stem 37.959 Heel σmin
78.891 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 28.823
71.99 51.843
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 11.000 m
Ka (stem) = 0.457
Ca (stem) = 0.530
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.457x11 ^2 )/2 = 55.30 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 55.297x Cos (26.37) = 49.54 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 3.67 m
Moment due to Fx = 181.66 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 8.83 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 8.833x Cos (26.37) = 7.91 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 7.26 m
Moment due to Fx' = 57.45 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 239.11 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 181.66 + 1.25 x 57.45
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 380.63 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 134.59 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
417
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 29.24 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 6.88 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 287.11 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 3.500 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.55x5.5 + 4.54x3.67 + 8.8x5.5 + 3.63x7.33
= 94.695 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 118.370 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 380.6345 + 287.111198745567 + 118.37
= 786.12 T.m
= 7711.795 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (7711.795/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1212 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 3434 mm > 1212 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 3293.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 3262.300 3262.300 lesser
Ast = 5434 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3434
= 6868 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6868 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3434
= 4121 mm²
Distribution
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided =4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
418
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 4100 mm
h = 6.90 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 439.84 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 105.39 kNm h1= 6.90
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 519.52 kNm 11.0
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 112.86 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 4.10
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 23.80 kNm
force on stem = 30.91 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 2022.89 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 5764.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.270 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2022.89/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 621.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2204.000 mm > 621 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2133.789 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2093.800 2093.8 lesser
Ast = 2220.996 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2204
= 4408.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4408.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3434
= 4121 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 4121 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
419
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.434 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.470 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 23.439 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 3.744 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 16.832 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 3.657 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.584 T
Seismic force on stem = 10.295 T
shear force at the section = 58.550 T
Factored shear force at the section = 92.95 T
= 911.88 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.404 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.38 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.51 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.36 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 222.98 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 413.37 mm
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
420
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 5.70 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.790 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 11.501 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 1.837 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 11.791 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 2.562
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.409
Seismic force on stem = 6.401 T
shear force at the section = 34.501 T
Factored shear force at the section = 54.76 T
= 537.20 kN
H = 5.30
effective depth considered = 1.72 m
v = 0.31 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.42 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4 x 10.9 x 1.0 88.000 2.000 176.000 1.7 299.20
W3' 2x0.5x4x2.2 8.800 2.667 23.467 1.7 39.89
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -3.300 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2 x 7.3 x 0 x 1 0.000 0.350 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 27.210 4.000 108.840 1.7 185.03
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.720 4.000 26.880 1.25 33.60
2.5 x 4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.000 2.000 6.000 1.25 7.50
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4 x 2.2 x 1.25 18.33
1.0 11.000 1.333 14.667
28.823 x 4 x 1.0 115.292 2.000 230.584 - -230.58
σ-
Upward - -61.37
0.5 x 23.02 x 4 x 1.0 46.040 1.333 61.371
W6 LL Surcharge 21.733 2.000 43.467 1.7 73.89
DL Surcharge 4.721 2.000 9.443 1.7 16.05
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 74.46
(LL) 10.950 4.000 43.800
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 16.18
(DL) 2.380 4.000 9.520
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.95
(DL) 0.590 4.000 2.360
Total for Ka=0.308 475.141
= 475.141 T.m
= 4661.135 kN.m
421
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4661.135/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 942 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2413 mm > 942 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2299.436 (or) 2291.875 whichever is
= 2291.875 lesser
Ast = 4675 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2413
= 4825 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4825 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2413
= 2895 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2413
= 2895 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
422
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.4125 m
shear force at the section = 68.07 T
= 667.806 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.0821 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.62 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.82 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.62 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 225.4275
Reinforcement Provided = 490.87
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.5000 m
effective depth considered = 0.484 m
Shear force at the section considered = 23.005 T
= 225.683 kN
v = 0.466 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.01
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.806 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.813 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
423
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.2x(1.2+0.6)x0.5x1.0 2.160 0.53 1.152 1.7 1.9584
IRC 2.880 0.60 1.728 1.7 2.9376
Self 2.5 x 1.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 0.900 0.60 0.540 1.25 0.675
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.2x0.6 0.900 0.40 0.360 1.25 0.450
σ- 71.985 x 1.2 86.382 0.60 51.829 - -51.829
Upward 0.5 x 6.91 x 1.2 4.144 0.80 3.315 - -3.315
ΣM = -49.123
Factored Moment, Mu = 49.123 T.m
= 481.897 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (481.897/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 303 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 809 mm > 303 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 738.789 (or) 768.550 whichever is
= 738.789 lesser
Ast = 1499 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 809
= 1618 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1618 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 809
= 971 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2727 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 809
= 971 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 200 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1005 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
424
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 0.809 m
shear force at the section = 26.882 T
= 263.709 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.405 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.65 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.73 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.77 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 200 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 156.1145
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 200 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 0.900
face m
effective depth considered = 0.359 m
Shear force at the section considered = 20.704 T
= 203.105 kN
v = 0.566 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.09
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.760 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.826 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
425
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 91.61 3.67 335.9 1.0 335.89
Fx' 46.72 7.26 339.2 1.0 339.22
Lat. Earth pressure
26.29 1.0 26.29
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
10.13 1.2 12.16
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
6.99 1.2 8.39
incr)
Seismic force 94.69 1.0 94.69
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3672.2 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 8011.2
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3414.3 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 7753.3
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3672.2 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 8011.2
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3672.2 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 8011.2
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3672.2 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 8011.2
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3414.3 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 7753.3
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3414.3 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 7753.3
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 3672.21 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 8011.19 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 3672.210 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
426
Depth of section, D = 3500 mm
Effective depth, d = 3434.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 3672.21 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0026
ρm = 0.0026 x 8 = 0.0208
k = 0.185
x = 635.29 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×635.29^3)/3)+((8×8936×(3434-635.29)^2)) = 6E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 278 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 7.89 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 127 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 3.61
ε1 = =
((3500-635.29)/(3434-635.29))×(127.3901202/200000) 0.00066 mm
εs = 0.0007×((3434-635.29)/(3500-635.29)) = 0.00064 mm
εm = 0.0007-((((3.8×1000×3500×(3500- = -0.001648 mm
635.29)))/(0.0006×8936×(3500-635.29)))×(1- εm = -0.00165 mm
(0.0010/3672.2100))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×-0.002)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(3500-635.29)) = -0.313 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
427
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.00 2.00 6.000 1.0 6.00
slab
11.00 1.33 14.67 1.0 14.67
W3 88.00 2.00 176.0 1.0 176.00
W3' 8.80 2.67 23.47 1.0 23.47
W4 26.65 1.57 41.744 1.0 41.74
W4' 0.00 4.00 0.00 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 4.11 2.00 8.22 1.0 8.22
Surcharge
DL
1.33 2.00 2.667 1.0 2.67
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
4.56 4.00 18.24 1.0 18.24
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.00 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.55 4.00 6.20 1.0 6.20
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.38 4.00 1.520 1.0 1.52
increment (DL)
Fy 43.92 4.00 175.7 1.0 175.68
Fy' 10.84 4.00 43.36 1.0 43.36
σ 8.75 2.00 17.50 1.0 17.50
63.02 1.33 84.03 1.0 84.03
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 4083.35
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 4083.35
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 4083.35
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 4083.35
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 4083.35
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 4083.35
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 4083.35
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 4083.35 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 4083.350 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
428
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2500 mm
Effective depth, d = 2412.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 4083.35 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0029
ρm = 0.0029 x 8 = 0.0232
k = 0.194
x = 468.03 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×468.03^3)/3)+((8×7195×(2412.5-468.03)^2)) = 3E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 252 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 7.59 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.894 mm
ε1 = ((2500-468.03)/(2412.5-468.03))×(252.2555721/200000) = 0.00132 mm
εs = 0.0013×((2412.5-468.03)/(2500-468.03)) = 0.00126 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×2500×(2500- = 0.0002747 mm
468.03)))/(0.0013×7195×(2500-468.03)))×(1- εm = 0.00027 mm
(0.0010/4083.3500))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.89×0.000)/(1+2×(85.89-75)/(2500-468.03)) = 0.071 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
429
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
0.90 0.60 0.540 1.0 0.54
slab
0.90 0.40 0.360 1.0 0.36
W5 2.16 0.53 1.152 1.0 1.15
IRC 2.88 0.60 1.728 1.0 1.73
σ 73.52 0.60 44.11 1.0 -44.11
5.67 0.80 4.54 1.0 -4.54
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -440.18
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -440.18
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -440.18
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -440.18
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -440.18
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -440.18
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -440.18
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 440.18 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 440.1786 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2500 mm
Effective depth, d = 809.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 440.18 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0018
ρm = 0.0018 x 8 = 0.0144
k = 0.156
x = 126.21 mm
430
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×126.21^3)/3)+((8×4468×(809-126.21)^2)) = 2E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 139 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 3.20 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((2500-126.21)/(809-126.21))×(138.7093485/200000) = 0.00242 mm
εs = 0.0024×((809-126.21)/(2500-126.21)) = 0.00070 mm
εm = 0.0024-((((3.8×1000×2500×(2500- = -0.000635 mm
126.21)))/(0.0007×4468×(2500-126.21)))×(1- εm = -0.00063 mm
(0.0010/440.1786))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×-0.001)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(2500-126.21)) = -0.216 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
431
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW69 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 1578.49 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1578.493 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2270 mm
Effective depth, d = 2204.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1578.49 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.002
ρm = 0.002 x 8 = 0.016
k = 0.164
x = 361.46 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×361.46^3)/3)+((8×4468×(2204-361.46)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 170 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.16 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((2270-361.46)/(2204-361.46))×(169.7227258/200000) = 0.00088 mm
εs = 0.0009×((2204-361.46)/(2270-361.46)) = 0.00085 mm
εm = 0.0009-((((3.8×1000×2270×(2270- = -0.001392 mm
361.46)))/(0.0008×4468×(2270-361.46)))×(1- εm = -0.00139 mm
(0.0010/1578.4931))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×-0.001)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(2270-361.46)) = -0.408 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 4.1 m from top of base slab
432
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 3500 mm
height above the base
H= 11000 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 3500 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 11000 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 7.27428E+13 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.008959133 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 11000 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.280684354 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 7.14753E-05 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 44 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
433
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70
434
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 14.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.600 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 1.500 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 3.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 6.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 3.300 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.400 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.500 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.100 m
Total Base width = 9.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 1.500 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.20 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 6.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
3.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 1.500
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
14.000
W3
H' = 13.100 15.600
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.600 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.100 0.000 2.500 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.500 3.300 4.400
0.000
9.200
435
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 13.31°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.927
0.947 x 0.921 x 2.501
Kα = 0.43 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.496
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.496
Ca for stem Design = 0.496
436
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.5 + 13.1 + 1.5 = 17.10 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 17.1 ^2 )/2
= 90.062 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 90.062x Cos (29) = 78.770 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 90.062x sin (29) = 43.660 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (17.1/3)
= 5.700 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 448.989 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 17.100 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 17.1 ^2 )/2
= 112.285 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 98.21 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 54.44 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 19.44 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 10.78 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (17.1/2)
= 8.550 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 166.212 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
437
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 2.330 m
h1 for stability = 17.100 m
h1 for design = 12.270 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 17.1 x 0.308) / (3)
= 28.616 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 25.03 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 13.87 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 8.550 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 25.03 x 8.55
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 214.007 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 13.87 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.33))
= 7.660 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 12.27 x 0.425) / (7.66)
= 11.097 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.135 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 62.677 T.m
438
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.496
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 17.839 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 11.286 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 11.286
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 6.475 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 8.098 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 1.590 m
h1 for stability = 17.100 m
h1 for design = 13.010 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 17.1 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 6.217 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 5.44 T
439
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 3.01 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 8.550 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 5.44 x 8.55
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 46.512 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 3.01 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x1.59))
= 7.660 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 13.01 x 0.425) / (7.66)
= 3.817 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.505 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 22.859 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.496
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 7.751 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 1.534 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.34 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.74 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 11.286 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 1.34 x 11.286
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 15.123 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.74 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 4.455 T
Dynamic increment = 0.638 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.587 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 5.476 T.m
440
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.73 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.5 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.1 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.15 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
Total ΣW = 95.963 ΣM = 567.385 ΣM' = 315.471
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=3.287 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.313 m
b/6 =1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.73 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.5 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.1 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.15 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 401.672
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 1.0 5.500 24.750 3.700 16.650
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.0 2.250 30.375 6.950 93.825
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 78.770 1.0 448.989 -448.989
Total ΣW = 325.893 ΣM = 1583.075 ΣM' = 1415.137
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.342 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.258 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
441
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1864.130 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 448.989 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1864.13/448.989
= 4.152 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 78.770 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 325.893 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 162.947 T
Factor of Safety = 162.947/78.77
= 2.069 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Revised FOS = (162.947+9.98)/78.77
= 2.20 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 12.477 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 12.477 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 78.770 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 325.893 T
μxW = 162.9465 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.195 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 325.893 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.258 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (325.893/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.258/9.2))
= 41.383 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (325.893/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.258/9.2))
2
= 29.463 T/m
442
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 40.7 Stem 32.043 Heel σmin
41.383 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 29.463
39.44 35.164
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 401.672
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.780 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 99.176
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 1.0 5.500 24.750 3.700 16.650
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.0 2.250 30.375 6.950 93.825
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 78.770 1.0 448.989 -448.989
Fx' 19.440
Dynamic increment 1.0 166.212 -166.212
W1 Seismic Mass 0.660 1.0 9.05 5.973 -5.973
W1' Seismic Mass 5.080 1.0 6.87 34.900 -34.900
W3 Seismic Mass 11.530 1.0 9.05 104.347 -104.347
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.060 1.0 11.2 45.594 -45.594
Total ΣW = 336.673 ΣM = 1940.099 ΣM' = 1157.288
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.437 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.163 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
443
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1963.300 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 806.010 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1963.3/806.01
= 2.436 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 119.540 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 336.673 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 168.337 T
Factor of Safety = 168.337/119.54
= 1.408 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.75 T
Revised FOS = (168.337+9.98+-0.75)/119.54
= 1.49 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.539 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 11.539 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 119.540 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 336.673 T
μxW = 168.3365 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.485 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 336.673 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.163 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (336.673/9.2) x (1+(6 x 1.163/9.2))
= 64.351 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (336.673/9.2) x (1-(6 x 1.163/9.2))
= 8.838 T/m2
444
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 61.4 Stem 20.852 Heel σmin
64.351 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 8.838
55.30 35.388
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 401.672
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 1.0 5.500 24.750 3.700 16.650
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.0 2.250 30.375 6.950 93.825
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
W6 LL Surcharge 9.363 1.0 2.200 20.598 7.000 65.540
DL Surcharge 3.037 1.0 2.200 6.682 7.000 21.262
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 13.870 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 127.604
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.010 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 27.692
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 78.770 1.0 448.989 -448.989
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 25.030 1.0 8.550 214.007 -214.007
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 5.440 1.0 8.550 46.512 -46.512
Total ΣW = 355.173 ΣM = 1870.873 ΣM' = 1396.717
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.932 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.668 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
445
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2106.220 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 709.510 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2106.22/709.51
= 2.969 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 109.240 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 355.173 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 177.587 T
Factor of Safety = 177.587/109.24
= 1.626 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Revised FOS = (177.587+9.98)/109.24
= 1.72 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 12.477 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 12.477
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 109.240 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 355.173 T
μxW = 177.5865 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.717 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 355.173 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.668 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (355.173/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.668/9.2))
2
= 55.424 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (355.173/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.668/9.2))
2
= 21.787 T/m
446
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 53.6 Stem 29.066 Heel σmin
55.424 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 21.787
49.94 37.874
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 401.672
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.780 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 99.176
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 1.0 5.500 24.750 3.700 16.650
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.0 2.250 30.375 6.950 93.825
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 2.700 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
W6 LL Surcharge 9.363 1.0 2.200 20.598 7.000 65.540
DL Surcharge 3.037 1.0 2.200 6.682 7.000 21.262
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 13.870 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 127.604
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 3.010 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 27.692
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.740 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 6.808
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 78.770 1.0 448.989 -448.989
Fx' Dynamic increment 19.440 1.0 166.212 -166.212
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 25.030 1.0 8.550 214.007 -214.007
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 11.286 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 5.440 1.0 8.550 46.512 -46.512
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.340 1.0 11.286 15.123 -15.123
W1 Seismic Mass 0.66 1.0 5.973 -5.973
W1' Seismic Mass 5.08 1.0 34.8996 -34.900
W3 Seismic Mass 11.53 1.0 104.3465 -104.347
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.06 1.0 45.5938 -45.594
Total ΣW = 366.693 ΣM = 2243.022 ΣM' = 1130.552
447
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.083 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.517 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2212.210 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 1081.660 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2212.21/1081.66
= 2.045 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 151.350 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 366.693 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 183.347 T
Factor of Safety = 183.347/151.35
= 1.211 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.75 T
Revised FOS = (183.347+9.98+-0.75)/151.35
= 1.272395 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.539 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.539
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 151.350 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 366.693 T
μxW = 183.3465 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.272 > 1.25, Hence Safe
448
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 366.693 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.517 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (366.693/9.2) x (1+(6 x 1.517/9.2))
= 79.291 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (366.693/9.2) x (1-(6 x 1.517/9.2))
= 0.425 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 75.1 Stem 17.493 Heel σmin
79.291 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 0.425
66.43 38.144
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
449
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.25 7.600 8.188 1.600 13.100
W1' 50.763
2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.467 63.453 2.733 173.439
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.25 4.600 8.625 4.600 39.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.25 8.200 1.875 1.000 1.875
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.25 2.933 15.125 6.267 94.783
W2'''2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.25 6.050 22.688 3.150 71.466
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.70 2.200 195.976 7.000 1371.832
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.70 1.467 16.456 7.733 127.260
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.70 5.433 69.037 3.767 260.039
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.70 0.000 74.222 9.200 682.842
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.780 1.25 0.000 13.475 9.200 123.970
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 1.70 5.500 7.650 3.700 28.305
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.70 2.250 22.950 6.950 159.503
2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.700 1.70 8.561 4.590 0.639 2.933
W6 LL Surcharge 9.363 1.70 2.200 15.917 7.000 111.419
DL Surcharge 3.037 1.70 2.200 5.164 7.000 36.146
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 13.870 1.70 0.000 23.579 9.200 216.927
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 9.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 3.010 1.70 0.000 5.117 9.200 47.076
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.740 1.25 0.000 0.925 9.200 8.510
IRC loading 3.600 1.70 8.450 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 78.770
Fx pressure 1.70 133.909 -763.281
Fx' Dynamic increment 19.440 1.25 24.300 -207.765
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 25.030 1.70 8.550 42.551 -363.811
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 11.286 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 5.440 1.70 8.550 9.248 -79.070
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.340 1.25 11.286 1.675 -18.904
W1 Seismic Mass 0.660 1.25 0.825 -7.466
W1' Seismic Mass 5.080 1.25 6.350 -43.625
W3 Seismic Mass 11.530 1.25 14.413 -130.433
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.060 1.25 5.075 -56.992
ΣW 581.131 ΣM' 1904.341
Vertical load on heel = 400.68 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.99 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.277 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.323 m
450
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 581.131 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.323 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (581.130835182767/9.2) x (1+(6 x 1.323/9.2))
= 117.668 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (581.130835182767/9.2) x (1-(6 x 1.323/9.2))
= 8.665 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.25 7.600 8.188 1.600 13.100
W1' 50.763
2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.467 63.453 2.733 173.439
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.25 4.600 8.625 4.600 39.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.25 8.200 1.875 1.000 1.875
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.25 2.933 15.125 6.267 94.783
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.25 6.050 22.688 3.150 71.466
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.70 2.200 195.976 7.000 1371.832
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.70 1.467 16.456 7.733 127.260
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.70 5.433 69.037 3.767 260.039
Fy Earth pressure 43.660 1.70 0.000 74.222 9.200 682.842
4.500
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 1.70 5.500 7.650 3.700 28.305
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 1.70 2.250 22.950 6.950 159.503
2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x
2.700
W5 1.0 1.70 8.561 4.590 0.639 2.933
W6 LL Surcharge 9.363 1.70 2.200 15.917 7.000 111.419
DL Surcharge 3.037 1.70 2.200 5.164 7.000 36.146
Lat. Earth pressure
13.870 1.70 216.927
(LL) 0.000 23.579 9.200
Lat. Earth pressure
3.010
(DL) 1.70 0.000 5.117 9.200 47.076
IRC loading 3.600 1.700 8.450 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 78.770 1.70 133.909 -763.281
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 25.030 1.70 8.550 42.551 -363.811
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 5.440 1.70 8.550 9.248 -79.070
ΣW 566.731 ΣM' 2237.046
Vertical load on heel = 381.48 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.99 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.947 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.653 m
451
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 566.730 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.653 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (566.73/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.653/9.2))
= 87.835 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (566.73/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.653/9.2))
= 35.367 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 117.668 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 112 Stem 32.255 Heel σmin
117.668 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 8.665
99.90 60.797
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 13.100 m
Ka (stem) = 0.425
Ca (stem) = 0.496
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.425x13.1 ^2 )/2 = 72.93 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 72.93425x Cos (22.98) = 67.15 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 4.37 m
Moment due to Fx = 293.21 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 12.18 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 12.18431x Cos (22.98) = 11.22 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 8.65 m
Moment due to Fx' = 96.99 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 390.20 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 293.21 + 1.25 x 96.99
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 619.69 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 62.68 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
452
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 22.86 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 5.48 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 152.26 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 3.300 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.66x6.55 + 5.08x4.37 + 11.53x6.55 + 4.06x8.73
= 137.488 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 171.860 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 619.6945 + 152.256957433235 + 171.86
= 943.81 T.m
= 9258.790 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (9258.79/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1328 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 3234 mm > 1328 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 3093.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 3072.300 3072.300 lesser
Ast = 6928 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3234
= 6468 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6928 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3234
= 3881 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided =4091 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
453
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 8100 mm
h = 5.00 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 159.93 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 40.08 kNm h1= 5.00
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 71.01 kNm 13.1
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 31.94 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 8.10
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 7.04 kNm
force on stem = 14.83 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 524.35 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 9764.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.383 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (524.35/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 316.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1317.206 mm > 316 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1246.995 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1246.995 1251.345802 lesser
Ast = 966.646 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1317
= 2634.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2634.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3234
= 3881 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3881 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 120 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4091 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
454
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.234 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.535 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 38.086 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 6.363 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 7.524 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 2.641 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.441 T
Seismic force on stem = 14.358 T
shear force at the section = 69.412 T
Factored shear force at the section = 108.48 T
= 1064.16 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.469 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.43 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.50 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.35 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 159.06 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
455
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 6.60 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.738 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 16.531 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 2.762 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 4.721 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 1.731
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.289
Seismic force on stem = 8.295 T
shear force at the section = 34.329 T
Factored shear force at the section = 53.25 T
= 522.42 kN
H = 6.50
effective depth considered = 1.67 m
v = 0.31 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.74 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.42 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 2.200 253.616 1.7 431.15
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 2.933 28.395 1.7 48.27
W4 2 x 0.5 x 3 x 1.5 x 1 4.500 -1.100 -4.950 1.7 -8.42
W4' 2 x 4.5 x 1.5 x 1 13.500 2.150 29.025 1.7 49.34
Fy Force due to EP 43.660 4.400 192.104 1.7 326.58
Fy' Dynamic increment 10.780 4.400 47.432 1.25 59.29
2.5 x 4.4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.300 2.200 7.260 1.25 9.08
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.4 x 2.2 x 1.25 22.18
1.0 12.100 1.467 17.747
8.665 x 4.4 x 1.0 38.126 2.200 83.877 - -83.88
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 52.13 x 4.4 x
- -168.25
1.0 114.690 1.467 168.250
W6 LL Surcharge 9.363 2.200 20.598 1.7 35.02
DL Surcharge 3.037 2.200 6.682 1.7 11.36
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 103.75
(LL) 13.870 4.400 61.028
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.400 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 22.51
(DL) 3.010 4.400 13.244
Dynamic increment
1.25 4.07
(DL) 0.740 4.400 3.256
Total for Ka=0.308 862.053
= 862.053 T.m
= 8456.737 kN.m
456
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (8456.737/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1269 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2409 mm > 1269 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2268.577 (or) 2288.550 whichever is
= 2268.577 lesser
Ast = 8570 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2409
= 4818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8570 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2409
= 2891 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2409
= 2891 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
457
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.4090 m
shear force at the section = 140.57 T
= 1379.014 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2045 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 1.14 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 457.101
Reinforcement Provided = 490.87
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.9000 m
effective depth considered = 0.459 m
Shear force at the section considered = 39.718 T
= 389.638 kN
v = 0.849 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.882 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.901 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
458
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 2.700 0.64 1.725 1.7 2.9325
IRC 3.600 0.75 2.700 1.7 4.59
Self 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.125 0.75 0.844 1.25 1.055
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 0.50 0.750 1.25 0.938
σ- 99.896 x 1.5 149.844 0.75 112.383 - -112.383
Upward 0.5 x 17.77 x 1.5 13.329 1.00 13.329 - -13.329
ΣM = -116.197
Factored Moment, Mu = 116.197 T.m
= 1139.893 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1139.893/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 466 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1009 mm > 466 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 938.789 (or) 958.550 whichever is
= 938.789 lesser
Ast = 2791 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1009
= 2018 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2791 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1009
= 1211 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1257 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1009
= 1211 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1257 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
459
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.009 m
shear force at the section = 51.767 T
= 507.835 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.471 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 1.08 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.69 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.70 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 342.8714
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.300
face m
effective depth considered = 0.316 m
Shear force at the section considered = 21.431 T
= 210.239 kN
v = 0.666 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.12
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.793 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.890 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
460
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 14.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 1.600 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 0.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 0.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 3.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 3.300 m
Toe Slab Length = 1.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 4.400 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.500 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.100 m
Total Base width = 9.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 0.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 23.20 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 3.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
0.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 0.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
14.000
W3
H' = 13.100 15.600
G.L (or) B.L
W1
1.600 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.100 0.000 2.500 W2 0.300
B C D A
1.500 3.300 4.400
0.000
9.200
461
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 0.00°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 13.31°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.927
0.947 x 0.921 x 2.501
Kα = 0.43 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 0.496
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 0.496
Ca for stem Design = 0.496
462
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 2.5 + 13.1 + 0 = 15.60 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 15.6 ^2 )/2
= 74.955 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 74.955x Cos (29) = 65.560 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 74.955x sin (29) = 36.340 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.6/3)
= 5.200 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 340.912 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 15.600 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 15.6 ^2 )/2
= 93.450 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 81.73 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 45.31 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 16.17 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 8.97 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.6/2)
= 7.800 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 126.126 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
463
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 15.600 m
h1 for design = 13.100 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 15.6 x 0.308) / (3)
= 26.106 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 22.83 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 12.66 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 7.800 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 22.83 x 7.8
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 178.074 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 12.66 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x0))
= 3.000 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 13.1 x 0.425) / (3)
= 30.250 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.550 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 182.414 T.m
464
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.496
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 16.274 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 10.296 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 10.296
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 17.652 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 8.646 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 0.000 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 0.000 m
h1 for stability = 15.600 m
h1 for design = 13.100 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 15.6 x 0.308) / (4.48)
= 5.671 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 4.96 T
465
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.75 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 7.800 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 4.96 x 7.8
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 38.688 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.75 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x0))
= 4.480 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 13.1 x 0.425) / (4.48)
= 6.572 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.550 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 39.630 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 0.496
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 7.071 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 1.400 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.22 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.68 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 10.296 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 1.22 x 10.296
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 12.561 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.68 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 7.669 T
Dynamic increment = 1.097 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 22.98°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.646 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 9.489 T.m
466
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.73 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.5 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.1 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.15 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
Total ΣW = 95.963 ΣM = 567.385 ΣM' = 315.471
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.287 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-1.313 m
b/6 =
1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.73 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.5 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.1 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.15 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 334.328
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 65.560 1.0 340.912 -340.912
Total ΣW = 300.573 ΣM = 1419.873 ΣM' = 1345.395
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.476 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.124 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
467
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1686.310 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 340.912 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1686.31/340.912
= 4.946 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 65.560 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 300.573 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 150.287 T
Factor of Safety = 150.287/65.56
= 2.292 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Revised FOS = (150.287+9.98)/65.56
= 2.44 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 12.477 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 12.477 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 65.560 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 300.573 T
μxW = 150.2865 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.445 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 300.573 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.124 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (300.573/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.124/9.2))
= 35.313 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (300.573/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.124/9.2))
2
= 30.029 T/m
468
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 35 Stem 31.173 Heel σmin
35.313 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 30.029
34.45 32.556
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 334.328
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 82.524
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 65.560 1.0 340.912 -340.912
Fx' 16.170
Dynamic increment 1.0 126.126 -126.126
W1 Seismic Mass 0.660 1.0 9.05 5.973 -5.973
W1' Seismic Mass 5.080 1.0 6.87 34.900 -34.900
W3 Seismic Mass 11.530 1.0 9.05 104.347 -104.347
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.060 1.0 11.2 45.594 -45.594
Total ΣW = 309.543 ΣM = 1736.811 ΣM' = 1110.980
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.589 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.011 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
469
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1768.830 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 657.850 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1768.83/657.85
= 2.689 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 103.060 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 309.543 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 154.772 T
Factor of Safety = 154.772/103.06
= 1.502 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.75 T
Revised FOS = (154.772+9.98+-0.75)/103.06
= 1.59 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.539 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 11.539 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 0.000 T
Active Pressure Pa = 103.060 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 309.543 T
μxW = 154.7715 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.591 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 309.543 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.011 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (309.543/9.2) x (1+(6 x 1.011/9.2))
= 55.830 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (309.543/9.2) x (1-(6 x 1.011/9.2))
= 11.462 T/m2
470
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 53.5 Stem 21.064 Heel σmin
55.830 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.462
48.60 32.681
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 334.328
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
2.700
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
W6 LL Surcharge 23.907 1.0 2.200 52.595 7.000 167.347
DL Surcharge 5.194 1.0 2.200 11.426 7.000 36.355
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 12.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 116.472
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 25.300
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 65.560 1.0 340.912 -340.912
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 22.830 1.0 7.800 178.074 -178.074
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.960 1.0 7.800 38.688 -38.688
Total ΣW = 345.083 ΣM = 1700.656 ΣM' = 1474.107
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.272 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.328 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
471
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2031.780 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 557.670 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2031.78/557.67
= 3.643 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 93.350 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 345.083 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 172.542 T
Factor of Safety = 172.542/93.35
= 1.848 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Revised FOS = (172.542+9.98)/93.35
= 1.96 > 1.5, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 12.477 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 12.477
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 93.350 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 345.083 T
μxW = 172.5415 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.955 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 345.083 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.328 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (345.083/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.328/9.2))
2
= 45.533 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (345.083/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.328/9.2))
2
= 29.485 T/m
472
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 44.7 Stem 32.958 Heel σmin
45.533 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 29.485
42.92 37.160
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.0 7.600 49.780 1.600 10.480
W1' 2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 50.763 1.0 6.467 328.264 2.733 138.751
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.0 4.600 31.740 4.600 31.740
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.0 8.200 12.300 1.000 1.500
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.0 2.933 35.493 6.267 75.827
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.0 6.050 109.808 3.150 57.173
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.0 2.200 253.616 7.000 806.960
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.0 1.467 14.197 7.733 74.859
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.0 5.433 220.648 3.767 152.964
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 334.328
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 82.524
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.0 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 2.700 1.0 8.561 23.115 0.639 1.725
W6 LL Surcharge 23.907 1.0 2.200 52.595 7.000 167.347
DL Surcharge 5.194 1.0 2.200 11.426 7.000 36.355
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 12.660 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 116.472
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 25.300
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.680 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.200 6.256
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 65.560 1.0 340.912 -340.912
Fx' Dynamic increment 16.170 1.0 126.126 -126.126
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 22.830 1.0 7.800 178.074 -178.074
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 10.296 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 4.960 1.0 7.800 38.688 -38.688
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.220 1.0 10.296 12.561 -12.561
W1 Seismic Mass 0.66 1.0 5.973 -5.973
W1' Seismic Mass 5.08 1.0 34.8996 -34.900
W3 Seismic Mass 11.53 1.0 104.3465 -104.347
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.06 1.0 45.5938 -45.594
Total ΣW = 354.733 ΣM = 2030.156 ΣM' = 1233.387
473
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.477 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.123 m
b/6 = 1.533 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2120.560 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 887.170 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2120.56/887.17
= 2.390 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 132.070 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 354.733 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 177.367 T
Factor of Safety = 177.367/132.07
= 1.343 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 1.600 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 9.980 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -0.75 T
Revised FOS = (177.367+9.98+-0.75)/132.07
= 1.412864 > 1.25, Hence Safe
0.000
0.000
Assume shear key of 0x0 hp = 1.600 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 11.539 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 11.539
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 0.000
Active Pressure Pa = 132.070 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 0 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 354.733 T
μxW = 177.3665 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.413 > 1.25, Hence Safe
474
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 354.733 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.123 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (354.733/9.2) x (1+(6 x 1.123/9.2))
= 66.797 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (354.733/9.2) x (1-(6 x 1.123/9.2))
= 10.318 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 63.8 Stem 22.541 Heel σmin
66.797 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 10.318
57.59 37.330
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
475
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.25 7.600 8.188 1.600 13.100
W1' 50.763
2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.467 63.453 2.733 173.439
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.25 4.600 8.625 4.600 39.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.25 8.200 1.875 1.000 1.875
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.25 2.933 15.125 6.267 94.783
W2'''2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.25 6.050 22.688 3.150 71.466
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.70 2.200 195.976 7.000 1371.832
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.70 1.467 16.456 7.733 127.260
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.70 5.433 69.037 3.767 260.039
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.70 0.000 61.778 9.200 568.358
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.970 1.25 0.000 11.213 9.200 103.155
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x
W5 1.0 2.700 1.70 8.561 4.590 0.639 2.933
W6 LL Surcharge 23.907 1.70 2.200 40.641 7.000 284.489
DL Surcharge 5.194 1.70 2.200 8.829 7.000 61.804
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 12.660 1.70 0.000 21.522 9.200 198.002
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 9.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.750 1.70 0.000 4.675 9.200 43.010
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.680 1.25 0.000 0.850 9.200 7.820
IRC loading 3.600 1.70 8.450 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 65.560
Fx pressure 1.70 111.452 -579.550
Fx' Dynamic increment 16.170 1.25 20.213 -157.658
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 22.830 1.70 7.800 38.811 -302.726
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 10.296 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.960 1.70 7.800 8.432 -65.770
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.220 1.25 10.296 1.525 -15.701
W1 Seismic Mass 0.660 1.25 0.825 -7.466
W1' Seismic Mass 5.080 1.25 6.350 -43.625
W3 Seismic Mass 11.530 1.25 14.413 -130.433
W3'' Seismic Mass 4.060 1.25 5.075 -56.992
ΣW 561.640 ΣM' 2067.708
Vertical load on heel = 381.19 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.99 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.682 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.918 m
476
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 561.640 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.918 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (561.640029761905/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.918/9.2))
= 97.597 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (561.640029761905/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.918/9.2))
= 24.499 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 13.1 x 1.0 6.550 1.25 7.600 8.188 1.600 13.100
W1' 50.763
2.5 x 3.1 x 13.1 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.467 63.453 2.733 173.439
W2 2.5 x 9.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.900 1.25 4.600 8.625 4.600 39.675
W2' 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 1.25 8.200 1.875 1.000 1.875
W2'' 2.5x0.5x4.4x2.2 12.100 1.25 2.933 15.125 6.267 94.783
W2''' 2.5x3.3x1x2.2 18.150 1.25 6.050 22.688 3.150 71.466
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 1.70 2.200 195.976 7.000 1371.832
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 1.70 1.467 16.456 7.733 127.260
W3'' 2x0.5x3.1x13 40.610 1.70 5.433 69.037 3.767 260.039
Fy Earth pressure 36.340 1.70 0.000 61.778 9.200 568.358
0.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 1.70 7.500 0.000 1.700 0.000
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 1.70 3.750 0.000 5.450 0.000
2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x
2.700
W5 1.0 1.70 8.561 4.590 0.639 2.933
W6 LL Surcharge 23.907 1.70 2.200 40.641 7.000 284.489
DL Surcharge 5.194 1.70 2.200 8.829 7.000 61.804
Lat. Earth pressure
12.660 1.70 198.002
(LL) 0.000 21.522 9.200
Lat. Earth pressure
2.750
(DL) 1.70 0.000 4.675 9.200 43.010
IRC loading 3.600 1.700 8.450 6.120 0.750 4.590
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 65.560 1.70 111.452 -579.550
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 22.830 1.70 7.800 38.811 -302.726
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 4.960 1.70 7.800 8.432 -65.770
ΣW 549.578 ΣM' 2368.608
Vertical load on heel = 364.32 T
Vertical load on toe = 13.99 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.310 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.29 m
477
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 549.580 T
Base Width, b = 9.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.290 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (549.58/9.2) x (1+(6 x 0.29/9.2))
= 71.035 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (549.58/9.2) x (1-(6 x 0.29/9.2))
= 48.439 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 97.597 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
9.20
1.50 3.30 4.40
σmax Toe 93.7 Stem 40.318 Heel σmin
97.597 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 24.499
85.68 59.459
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 13.100 m
Ka (stem) = 0.425
Ca (stem) = 0.496
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.425x13.1 ^2 )/2 = 72.93 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 72.93425x Cos (22.98) = 67.15 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 4.37 m
Moment due to Fx = 293.21 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 12.18 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 12.18431x Cos (22.98) = 11.22 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 8.65 m
Moment due to Fx' = 96.99 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 390.20 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 293.21 + 1.25 x 96.99
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 619.69 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 182.41 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
478
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 39.63 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 9.49 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 389.34 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 3.300 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.66x6.55 + 5.08x4.37 + 11.53x6.55 + 4.06x8.73
= 137.488 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 171.860 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 619.6945 + 389.335935639736 + 171.86
= 1180.89 T.m
= 11584.535 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (11584.535/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1485 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 3234 mm > 1485 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 3093.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 3072.300 3072.300 lesser
Ast = 8668 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3234
= 6468 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8668 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3234
= 3881 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided =4091 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
479
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 8100 mm
h = 5.00 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 159.93 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 40.08 kNm h1= 5.00
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 260.69 kNm 13.1
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 56.63 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 8.10
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 12.49 kNm
force on stem = 14.83 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 895.58 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 9764.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.383 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (895.58/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 413.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1317.206 mm > 413 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1246.995 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1246.995 1251.345802 lesser
Ast = 1651.013 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1317
= 2634.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2634.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3234
= 3881 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3881 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 120 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4091 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
480
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.234 m
Thickness at section considered = 2.535 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 38.086 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 6.363 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 20.974 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 4.557 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.761 T
Seismic force on stem = 14.358 T
shear force at the section = 85.098 T
Factored shear force at the section = 135.00 T
= 1324.35 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 2.469 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.54 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.70 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.50 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.35 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 194.09 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
481
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 6.60 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.738 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 16.531 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 2.762 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 13.818 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 3.002
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.501
Seismic force on stem = 8.295 T
shear force at the section = 44.909 T
Factored shear force at the section = 71.15 T
= 697.93 kN
H = 6.50
effective depth considered = 1.67 m
v = 0.42 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.74 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.57 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.42 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 4.4 x 13 x 1.0 115.280 2.200 253.616 1.7 431.15
W3' 2x0.5x4.4x2.2 9.680 2.933 28.395 1.7 48.27
W4 2 x 0.5 x 0 x 0 x 1 0.000 -3.100 0.000 1.7 0.00
W4' 2 x 7.5 x 0 x 1 0.000 0.650 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 36.340 4.400 159.896 1.7 271.82
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.970 4.400 39.468 1.25 49.34
2.5 x 4.4 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.300 2.200 7.260 1.25 9.08
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 4.4 x 2.2 x 1.25 22.18
1.0 12.100 1.467 17.747
24.499 x 4.4 x 1.0 107.796 2.200 237.151 - -237.15
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 34.96 x 4.4 x
- -112.83
1.0 76.912 1.467 112.830
W6 LL Surcharge 23.907 2.200 52.595 1.7 89.41
DL Surcharge 5.194 2.200 11.426 1.7 19.42
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 94.70
(LL) 12.660 4.400 55.704
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 4.400 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 20.57
(DL) 2.750 4.400 12.100
Dynamic increment
1.25 3.74
(DL) 0.680 4.400 2.992
Total for Ka=0.308 709.697
= 709.697 T.m
= 6962.125 kN.m
482
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (6962.125/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1152 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2409 mm > 1152 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2268.577 (or) 2288.550 whichever is
= 2268.577 lesser
Ast = 7055 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2409
= 4818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 7055 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2409
= 2891 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2409
= 2891 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3068 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
483
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.4090 m
shear force at the section = 107.96 T
= 1059.119 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2045 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.88 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 339.4073
Reinforcement Provided = 490.87
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 3.9000 m
effective depth considered = 0.459 m
Shear force at the section considered = 30.074 T
= 295.029 kN
v = 0.643 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.882 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.901 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
484
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x1.5x(1.3+0.5)x0.5x1.0 2.700 0.64 1.725 1.7 2.9325
IRC 3.600 0.75 2.700 1.7 4.59
Self 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.125 0.75 0.844 1.25 1.055
Weight 2.5x0.5x1.5x0.8 1.500 0.50 0.750 1.25 0.938
σ- 85.679 x 1.5 128.519 0.75 96.389 - -96.389
Upward 0.5 x 11.92 x 1.5 8.938 1.00 8.938 - -8.938
ΣM = -95.812
Factored Moment, Mu = 95.812 T.m
= 939.916 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (939.916/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 423 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1009 mm > 423 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 938.789 (or) 958.550 whichever is
= 938.789 lesser
Ast = 2302 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1009
= 2018 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2302 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1009
= 1211 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 16 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1257 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1009
= 1211 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 16 dia @ 160 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1257 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
485
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.009 m
shear force at the section = 42.383 T
= 415.774 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.471 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.88 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.69 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.70 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 160 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 256.229
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 160 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.300
face m
effective depth considered = 0.316 m
Shear force at the section considered = 17.495 T
= 171.626 kN
v = 0.544 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.12
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.793 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.890 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
486
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 67.15 4.37 293.2 1.0 293.21
Fx' 11.22 8.65 97.0 1.0 96.99
Lat. Earth pressure
62.68 1.0 62.68
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
22.86 1.2 27.43
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
5.476 1.2 6.57
incr)
Seismic force 137.5 1.0 137.49
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3760.3 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 6125.0
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3145.4 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 5510.1
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3760.3 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 6125.0
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3760.3 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 6125.0
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3760.3 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 6125.0
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3145.4 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 5510.1
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3145.4 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 5510.1
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 3760.31 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 6124.95 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 3760.307 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
487
Depth of section, D = 3300 mm
Effective depth, d = 3234.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 3760.31 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0028
ρm = 0.0028 x 8 = 0.0224
k = 0.191
x = 617.7 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×617.70^3)/3)+((8×8936×(3234-617.70)^2)) = 6E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 226 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 6.66 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 139 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 4.09
ε1 = =
((3300-617.70)/(3234-617.70))×(138.5893202/200000) 0.00072 mm
εs = 0.0007×((3234-617.70)/(3300-617.70)) = 0.00070 mm
εm = 0.0007-((((3.8×1000×3300×(3300- = -0.001278 mm
617.70)))/(0.0007×8936×(3300-617.70)))×(1- εm = -0.00128 mm
(0.0010/3760.3074))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×-0.001)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(3300-617.70)) = -0.243 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
488
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.30 2.20 7.260 1.0 7.26
slab
12.10 1.47 17.75 1.0 17.75
W3 115.28 2.20 253.6 1.0 253.62
W3' 9.68 2.93 28.39 1.0 28.39
W4 4.50 -1.10 -4.950 1.0 -4.95
W4' 13.50 2.15 29.03 1.0 29.03
LL
W6 9.36 2.20 20.60 1.0 20.60
Surcharge
DL
3.04 2.20 6.682 1.0 6.68
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
13.87 4.40 61.03 1.0 61.03
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 4.40 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
3.01 4.40 13.24 1.0 13.24
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.74 4.40 3.256 1.0 3.26
increment (DL)
Fy 43.66 4.40 192.1 1.0 192.10
Fy' 10.78 4.40 47.43 1.0 47.43
σ 1.87 2.20 4.114 1.0 4.11
82.98 1.47 121.7 1.0 121.71
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 4822.27
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 4822.27
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 4822.27
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 4822.27
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 4822.27
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 4822.27
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 4822.27
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 4822.27 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 4822.270 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
489
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2500 mm
Effective depth, d = 2409.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 4822.27 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0036
ρm = 0.0036 x 8 = 0.0288
k = 0.213
x = 513.12 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×513.12^3)/3)+((8×8936×(2409-513.12)^2)) = 3E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 242 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.19 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.519 mm
ε1 = ((2500-513.12)/(2409-513.12))×(242.1942741/200000) = 0.00127 mm
εs = 0.0013×((2409-513.12)/(2500-513.12)) = 0.00121 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×2500×(2500- = 0.0003927 mm
513.12)))/(0.0012×8936×(2500-513.12)))×(1- εm = 0.00039 mm
(0.0010/4822.2700))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.52×0.000)/(1+2×(85.52-75)/(2500-513.12)) = 0.1 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
490
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
1.13 0.75 0.844 1.0 0.84
slab
1.50 0.50 0.750 1.0 0.75
W5 2.70 0.64 1.725 1.0 1.73
IRC 3.60 0.75 2.700 1.0 2.70
σ 99.65 0.75 74.7 1.0 -74.74
9.64 1.00 9.64 1.0 -9.64
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -768.73
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -768.73
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -768.73
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -768.73
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -768.73
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -768.73
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -768.73
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 768.73 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 768.726 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2500 mm
Effective depth, d = 1009.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 768.73 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0018
ρm = 0.0018 x 8 = 0.0144
k = 0.156
x = 157.41 mm
491
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×157.41^3)/3)+((8×4468×(1009-157.41)^2)) = 3E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 192 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.45 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((2500-157.41)/(1009-157.41))×(192.3865734/200000) = 0.00265 mm
εs = 0.0027×((1009-157.41)/(2500-157.41)) = 0.00096 mm
εm = 0.0027-((((3.8×1000×2500×(2500- = 0.0004429 mm
157.41)))/(0.0010×4468×(2500-157.41)))×(1- εm = 0.00044 mm
(0.0010/768.7263))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×0.000)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(2500-157.41)) = 0.151 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
492
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW70 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 324.84 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 324.8384 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1383 mm
Effective depth, d = 1317.21 mm
Service Bending Moment = 324.84 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0033
ρm = 0.0033 x 8 = 0.0264
k = 0.205
x = 270.03 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×270.03^3)/3)+((8×4468×(1317.206107-270.03)^2))= 5E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 59 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 1.92 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((1383.206107-270.03)/(1317.206107-270.03))×(59.47001581/200000) = 0.00032 mm
εs = 0.0003×((1317.206107-270.03)/(1383.206107-270.03)) = 0.00030 mm
εm = 0.0003-((((3.8×1000×1383.206107×(1383.206107- = -0.003588 mm
270.03)))/(0.0003×4468×(1383.206107-270.03)))×(1- εm = -0.00359 mm
(0.0010/324.8384))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×-0.004)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(1383.206107-270.03)) = -1.012 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 8.1 m from top of base slab
493
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 3300 mm
height above the base
H= 13100 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 3300 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 13100 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 7.28537E+13 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.019533906 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 13100 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.129979006 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 9.28283E-05 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 52.4 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
494
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71
495
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 8.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.250 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 8.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 16.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 19.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.450 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.300 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.300 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.000 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.750 m
Total Base width = 9.050 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.275 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 24.50 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 19.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
16.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.275
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
8.000
W3
H' = 7.250 10.250
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.250 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.750 1.050 3.000 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.300 1.450 5.300
1.250
9.050
496
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 26.57°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 9.78°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.892
0.971 x 0.943 x 1.37
Kα = 0.71 for stem design
Kα = 0.59 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 1.031
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 1.031
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.081
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.081
Ca for stem Design = 1.081
497
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3 + 7.25 + 3.275 = 13.53 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.594 x 2 x 13.525 ^2 )/2
= 108.658 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 108.658x Cos (29) = 95.030 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 108.658x sin (29) = 52.680 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.525/3)
= 4.508 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 428.427 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 13.525 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (1.031 x 2 x 13.525 ^2 )/2
= 188.596 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 164.95 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 91.43 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 69.92 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 38.75 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.525/2)
= 6.763 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 472.834 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
498
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 11.880 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 17.180 m
h1 for stability = 6.370 m
h1 for design = 0.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x11.88))
= 26.760 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 6.37 x 0.594) / (26.76)
= 2.305 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 2.02 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 1.12 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.185 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.02 x 3.185
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 6.434 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.12 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x17.18))
= 37.360 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 0 x 0.711) / (37.36)
= 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0.000 T.m
499
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.081
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 2.236 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.204 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 4.2042
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.000 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 11.140 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 16.440 m
h1 for stability = 7.110 m
h1 for design = 0.000 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x11.14))
= 26.760 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 7.11 x 0.594) / (26.76)
= 0.835 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.73 T
500
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.4 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 3.555 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.73 x 3.555
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 2.595 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.4 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x16.44))
= 37.360 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 0 x 0.711) / (37.36)
= 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.000 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.081
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 1.449 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.614 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.54 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.3 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 4.693 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.54 x 4.6926
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 2.534 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.3 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 0.000 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 0.000 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.000 T.m
501
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.511.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.92 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.16875 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.8875 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.7875 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
Total ΣW = 53.584 ΣM = 277.806 ΣM' = 207.131
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
=
3.866 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =
-0.659 m
b/6 =
1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.92 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.16875 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.8875 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.7875 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth
2 x 0.5pressure
x 6.55 x 3.275 x 52.680 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 476.754
W4 1 21.451 1.0 2.183 46.835 6.867 147.299
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 95.030 1.0 428.427 -428.427
Total ΣW = 233.573 ΣM = 1079.604 ΣM' = 1034.232
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.428 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.097 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
502
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1462.660 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 428.427 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1462.66/428.427
= 3.414 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 95.030 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 233.573 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 116.787 T
Factor of Safety = 116.787/95.03
= 1.229 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Revised FOS = (116.787+19.74)/95.03
= 1.44 Provide Shear Key.
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 17.546 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 37.235 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 69.158
Active Pressure Pa = 95.030 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 236.854 T
μxW = 118.4271 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.182 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 233.573 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.097 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (233.573/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.097/9.05))
= 27.469 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (233.573/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.097/9.05))
2
= 24.149 T/m
503
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 27.2 Stem 25.026 Heel σmin
27.469 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 24.149
26.63 26.093
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 52.680 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 476.754
Fy' Dynamic
2 increment
x 0.5 x 6.55 x 3.275 x 38.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 350.688
W4 1 21.451 1.0 2.183 46.835 6.867 147.299
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 95.030 1.0 428.427 -428.427
Fx' 69.920
Dynamic increment 1.0 472.834 -472.834
W1 Seismic Mass 0.360 1.0 6.63 2.387 -2.387
W1' Seismic Mass 1.130 1.0 5.42 6.125 -6.125
W3 Seismic Mass 7.690 1.0 6.63 50.985 -50.985
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.910 1.0 7.83 7.125 -7.125
Total ΣW = 272.323 ΣM = 1619.059 ΣM' = 845.464
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.105 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.42 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
504
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1813.350 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 967.880 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1813.35/967.88
= 1.874 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 175.040 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 272.323 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 136.162 T
Factor of Safety = 136.162/175.04
= 0.778 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.48 T
Revised FOS = (136.162+19.74+-1.48)/175.04
= 0.88 Provide Shear Key.
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 16.227 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 34.437 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 63.961 T
Active Pressure Pa = 175.040 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 275.604 T
μxW = 137.8021 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.257 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 272.323 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.420 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (272.323/9.05) x (1+(6 x 1.42/9.05))
= 58.420 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (272.323/9.05) x (1-(6 x 1.42/9.05))
= 1.762 T/m2
505
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 54.4 Stem 16.731 Heel σmin
58.420 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.762
44.02 34.943
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure
2 x 0.5 x 6.55 x 3.275 x 52.680 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 476.754
W4 1 21.451 1.0 2.183 46.835 6.867 147.299
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
W6 LL Surcharge 1.156 1.0 1.325 1.532 7.725 8.932
DL Surcharge 0.375 1.0 1.325 0.497 7.725 2.898
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 1.120 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 10.136
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 3.620
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 95.030 1.0 428.427 -428.427
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.020 1.0 3.185 6.434 -6.434
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.730 1.0 3.555 2.595 -2.595
Total ΣW = 236.624 ΣM = 1090.662 ΣM' = 1050.789
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.441 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.084 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
506
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1488.240 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 437.460 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1488.24/437.46
= 3.402 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 97.780 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 236.624 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 118.312 T
Factor of Safety = 118.312/97.78
= 1.210 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Revised FOS = (118.312+19.74)/97.78
= 1.41 Provide Shear Key.
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 17.546 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 37.235
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 69.158
Active Pressure Pa = 97.780 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 239.905 T
μxW = 119.9526 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.136 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 236.624 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.084 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (236.624/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.084/9.05))
2
= 27.602 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (236.624/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.084/9.05))
2
= 24.690 T/m
507
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 27.4 Stem 25.459 Heel σmin
27.602 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 24.690
26.86 26.395
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 52.680 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 476.754
Fy' Dynamic increment
2 x 0.5 x 6.55 x 3.275 x 38.750 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 350.688
W4 1 21.451 1.0 2.183 46.835 6.867 147.299
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1.
W5 0 5.635 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
W6 LL Surcharge 1.156 1.0 1.325 1.532 7.725 8.932
DL Surcharge 0.375 1.0 1.325 0.497 7.725 2.898
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 1.120 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 10.136
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.400 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 3.620
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.300 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 2.715
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 95.030 1.0 428.427 -428.427
Fx' Dynamic increment 69.920 1.0 472.834 -472.834
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 2.020 1.0 3.185 6.434 -6.434
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 4.204 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 0.730 1.0 3.555 2.595 -2.595
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.540 1.0 4.693 2.534 -2.534
W1 Seismic Mass 0.36 1.0 2.3868 -2.387
W1' Seismic Mass 1.13 1.0 6.1246 -6.125
W3 Seismic Mass 7.69 1.0 50.9847 -50.985
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.91 1.0 7.1253 -7.125
Total ΣW = 275.674 ΣM = 1632.652 ΣM' = 862.202
508
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.128 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.397 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1841.650 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 979.450 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1841.65/979.45
= 1.880 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 178.330 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 275.674 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 137.837 T
Factor of Safety = 137.837/178.33
= 0.773 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.48 T
Revised FOS = (137.837+19.74+-1.48)/178.33
= 0.875327 Provide Shear Key.
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 34.437 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 34.437
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 86.949
Active Pressure Pa = 178.330 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 278.955 T
μxW = 139.4776 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.372 > 1.25, Hence Safe
509
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 275.674 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.397 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (275.674/9.05) x (1+(6 x 1.397/9.05))
= 58.674 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (275.674/9.05) x (1-(6 x 1.397/9.05))
= 2.248 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 54.7 Stem 17.156 Heel σmin
58.674 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 2.248
44.33 35.293
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
510
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.25 6.650 4.531 2.400 10.875
W1' 11.328
2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.133 14.160 2.917 41.300
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.25 4.525 8.484 4.525 38.392
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.25 7.517 5.211 1.533 7.990
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.25 3.533 22.359 5.517 123.349
W2'''2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.25 6.025 12.234 3.025 37.009
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.70 2.650 130.645 6.400 836.128
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.70 1.767 24.327 7.283 177.182
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.70 5.717 15.406 3.333 51.354
Fy Earth pressure 52.680 1.70 0.000 89.556 9.050 810.482
Fy' Dynamic increment 38.750 1.25 0.000 48.438 9.050 438.359
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.55 x 3.275 x21.451
1 1.70 2.183 36.467 6.867 250.408
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.
W5 5x1.0 5.635 1.70 8.127 9.580 0.923 8.843
W6 LL Surcharge 1.156 1.70 1.325 1.966 7.725 15.184
DL Surcharge 0.375 1.70 1.325 0.638 7.725 4.926
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 1.120 1.70 0.000 1.904 9.050 17.231
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.400 1.70 0.000 0.680 9.050 6.154
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.300 1.25 0.000 0.375 9.050 3.394
IRC loading 5.520 1.70 7.900 9.384 1.150 10.792
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 95.030
Fx pressure 1.70 161.551 -728.326
Fx' Dynamic increment 69.920 1.25 87.400 -591.043
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.020 1.70 3.185 3.434 -10.937
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 4.204 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.730 1.70 3.555 1.241 -4.412
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.540 1.25 4.693 0.675 -3.168
W1 Seismic Mass 0.360 1.25 0.450 -2.984
W1' Seismic Mass 1.130 1.25 1.413 -7.656
W3 Seismic Mass 7.690 1.25 9.613 -63.731
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.910 1.25 1.138 -8.907
ΣW 436.345 ΣM' 1468.189
Vertical load on heel = 362.32 T
Vertical load on toe = 26.33 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.365 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.16 m
511
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 436.345 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.160 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (436.345000602248/9.05) x (1+(6 x 1.16/9.05))
= 85.295 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (436.345000602248/9.05) x (1-(6 x 1.16/9.05))
= 11.135 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.25 6.650 4.531 2.400 10.875
W1' 11.328
2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.133 14.160 2.917 41.300
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.25 4.525 8.484 4.525 38.392
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.25 7.517 5.211 1.533 7.990
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.25 3.533 22.359 5.517 123.349
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.25 6.025 12.234 3.025 37.009
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.70 2.650 130.645 6.400 836.128
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.70 1.767 24.327 7.283 177.182
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.70 5.717 15.406 3.333 51.354
Fy Earth pressure 52.680 1.70 0.000 89.556 9.050 810.482
2 x 0.5 x 6.55 x 21.451
W4 3.275 x 1 1.70 2.183 36.467 6.867 250.408
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.
5.635
W5 5x1.0 1.70 8.127 9.580 0.923 8.843
W6 LL Surcharge 1.156 1.70 1.325 1.966 7.725 15.184
DL Surcharge 0.375 1.70 1.325 0.638 7.725 4.926
Lat. Earth pressure
1.120 1.70 17.231
(LL) 0.000 1.904 9.050
Lat. Earth pressure
0.400
(DL) 1.70 0.000 0.680 9.050 6.154
IRC loading 5.520 1.700 7.900 9.384 1.150 10.792
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 95.030 1.70 161.551 -728.326
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 2.020 1.70 3.185 3.434 -10.937
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 0.730 1.70 3.555 1.241 -4.412
ΣW 387.533 ΣM' 1703.923
Vertical load on heel = 312.73 T
Vertical load on toe = 26.33 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.397 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.128 m
512
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 387.530 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.128 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (387.53/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.128/9.05))
= 46.455 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (387.53/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.128/9.05))
= 39.187 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 85.295 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 80 Stem 30.728 Heel σmin
85.295 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 11.135
66.45 54.566
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.250 m
Ka (stem) = 0.711
Ca (stem) = 1.081
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.711x7.25 ^2 )/2 = 37.37 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 37.3719375x Cos (19.45) = 35.24 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.42 m
Moment due to Fx = 85.16 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 19.45 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 19.448125x Cos (19.45) = 18.34 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 4.79 m
Moment due to Fx' = 87.75 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 172.91 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 85.16 + 1.25 x 87.75
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 254.46 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 0.00 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
513
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 0.00 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 0.00 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.450 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.36x3.63 + 1.13x2.42 + 7.69x3.63 + 0.91x4.83
= 36.351 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 45.440 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 254.4595 + 0 + 45.44
= 299.90 T.m
= 2942.014 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2942.014/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 749 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1388 mm > 749 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1274.436 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1274.436 1318.125 lesser
Ast = 5307 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1388
= 2775 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5307 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1388
= 1665 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1676 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
514
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1850 mm
h = 5.40 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 345.21 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 269.47 kNm h1= 5.40
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 0.00 kNm 7.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.85
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 0.00 kNm
force on stem = 19.12 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 947.59 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3514.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.131 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (947.59/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 425.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1068.534 mm > 425 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1025.682 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1015.108 1015.107759 lesser
Ast = 2145.947 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1069
= 2137.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2145.947 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1388
= 1665 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1665 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 120 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1676 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
515
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.388 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.211 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 23.042 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.991 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.841 T
shear force at the section = 42.873 T
Factored shear force at the section = 63.96 T
= 627.45 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.145 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.55 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.61 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.49 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 151.59 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
516
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.00 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.105 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 18.479 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 9.616 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.000
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000
Seismic force on stem = 6.897 T
shear force at the section = 34.991 T
Factored shear force at the section = 52.05 T
= 510.66 kN
H = 5.25
effective depth considered = 1.04 m
v = 0.49 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.83 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.63 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.52 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 2.650 203.653 1.7 346.21
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 3.533 50.562 1.7 85.96
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6.55 x 3.275 x 1 21.451 3.117 66.856 1.7 113.66
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.275 x 1 0.000 5.300 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 52.680 5.300 279.204 1.7 474.65
Fy' Dynamic increment 38.750 5.300 205.375 1.25 256.72
2.5 x 5.3 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.975 2.650 10.534 1.25 13.17
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.3 x 2.7 x 1.25 39.50
1.0 17.888 1.767 31.601
11.135 x 5.3 x 1.0 59.016 2.650 156.392 - -156.39
σ-
Upward 0.5 x 43.43 x 5.3 x
- -203.37
1.0 115.092 1.767 203.368
W6 LL Surcharge 1.156 3.975 4.596 1.7 7.81
DL Surcharge 0.375 3.975 1.491 1.7 2.53
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 10.09
(LL) 1.120 5.300 5.936
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.300 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 3.60
(DL) 0.400 5.300 2.120
Dynamic increment
1.25 1.99
(DL) 0.300 5.300 1.590
Total for Ka=0.594 996.126
= 996.126 T.m
= 9771.995 kN.m
517
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (9771.995/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1364 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2909 mm > 1364 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2768.577 (or) 2763.550 whichever is
= 2763.550 lesser
Ast = 8129 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2909
= 5818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8129 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2909
= 3491 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2909
= 3491 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
518
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.9090 m
shear force at the section = 113.41 T
= 1112.536 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4271 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.78 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.47 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 277.0692
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.6000 m
effective depth considered = 0.565604 m
Shear force at the section considered = 38.052 T
= 373.289 kN
v = 0.660 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.97
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.823 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.798 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
519
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1.0 5.635 0.92 5.202 1.7 8.8434
IRC 5.520 1.15 6.348 1.7 10.7916
Self 2.5 x 2.3 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.725 1.15 1.984 1.25 2.48
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 0.77 3.196 1.25 3.995
σ- 66.448 x 2.3 152.830 1.15 175.755 - -175.755
Upward 0.5 x 18.85 x 2.3 21.674 1.53 33.226 - -33.226
ΣM = -182.871
Factored Moment, Mu = 182.871 T.m
= 1793.965 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1793.965/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 585 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1659 mm > 585 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1588.789 (or) 1576.050 whichever is
= 1576.050 lesser
Ast = 2617 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1659
= 3318 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3318 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1659
= 1991 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1659
= 1991 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
520
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.659 m
shear force at the section = 45.652 T
= 447.849 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.613 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.73 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.60 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 218.6285
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.900
face m
effective depth considered = 0.461 m
Shear force at the section considered = 28.883 T
= 283.344 kN
v = 0.614 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.699 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.713 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
521
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 86.95 T
Active Pressure = 178.33 T
Net force acting on shear key = 91.38 T
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear
Vu =
key 91.38 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M= 1905 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 1050 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1904.94101168271/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 602 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 963 mm Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 849 (or) 914.375 which ever is lesser
= 849
Ast Required = 5155 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1925 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5155 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Ast Provided = 7195 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 170 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 170 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1183 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 170 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 170 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1183 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
522
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 8.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.250 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 6.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track
Centre, L' = 9.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 1.450 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.300 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.300 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.000 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 1.750 m
Total Base width = 9.050 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.000 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 24.50 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 9.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
6.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.000
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
8.000
W3
H' = 7.250 10.250
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.250 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
1.750 1.050 3.000 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.300 1.450 5.300
1.250
9.050
523
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 9.78°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.892
0.971 x 0.943 x 1.37
Kα = 0.71 for stem design
Kα = 0.31 for stability check
Kp = 0.77
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.9
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic
component is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.081
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.081
Ca for stem Design = 1.081
524
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3 + 7.25 + 3 = 13.25 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 13.25 ^2 )/2
= 54.073 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal
Component, Fx = 54.073x Cos (29) = 47.290 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 54.073x sin (29) = 26.220 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.25/3)
= 4.417 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 208.864 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 13.250 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 13.25 ^2 )/2
= 67.416 T
The above force making an angle with the
horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 58.96 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 32.68 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 11.67 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 6.46 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (13.25/2)
= 6.625 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 77.314 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
525
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load
surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 1.880 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.180 m
h1 for stability = 11.370 m
h1 for design = 3.070 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x1.88))
= 6.760 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 11.37 x 0.308) / (6.76)
= 8.444 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.39 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.09 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.685 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 7.39 x 5.685
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 42.012 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 4.09 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x7.18))
= 17.360 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 3.07 x 0.711) / (17.36)
= 2.049 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.535 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 2.966 T.m
526
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.081
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 5.264 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, = 0.000 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.504 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0 x 7.5042
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.604 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 2.026 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn= incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.140 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.440 m
h1 for stability = 12.110 m
h1 for design = 3.810 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.14))
= 6.760 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 12.11 x 0.308) / (6.76)
= 2.918 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.55 T
527
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.41 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.055 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 2.55 x 6.055
to DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 15.44 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.41 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x6.44))
= 17.360 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 3.81 x 0.711) / (17.36)
= 0.825 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.905 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.482 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.081
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.638 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, = 0.720 T
P for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.63 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.35 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.993 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due = 0.63 x 7.9926
to LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 5.035 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.35 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.291 T
Dynamic increment = 0.466 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 19.45°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.515 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.173 T.m
528
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.511.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.92 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.16875 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.8875 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.7875 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
Total ΣW = 53.584 ΣM = 277.806 ΣM' = 207.131
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z ΣM' / ΣW
=
= 3.866 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 =-0.659 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.92 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.16875 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.8875 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.7875 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 237.291
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 1.0 2.550 45.900 6.500 117.000
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.0 0.275 0.907 8.775 28.958
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 47.290 1.0 208.864 -208.864
Total ΣW = 206.962 ΣM = 860.013 ΣM' = 1012.991
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.895 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.37 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
529
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1221.850 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 208.864 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1221.85/208.864
= 5.850 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 47.290 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 206.962 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 103.481 T
Factor of Safety = 103.481/47.29
= 2.188 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Revised FOS = (103.481+19.74)/47.29
= 2.61 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 17.546 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
2
key Pp2 = 37.235 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 69.158
Active Pressure Pa = 47.290 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 210.243 T
μxW = 105.1216 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 4.103 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 206.962 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.370 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (206.962/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.37/9.05))
= 28.479 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (206.962/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.37/9.05))
2
= 17.259 T/m
530
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 27.7 Stem 20.223 Heel σmin
28.479 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 17.259
25.63 23.830
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 237.291
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 58.463
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 1.0 2.550 45.900 6.500 117.000
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.0 0.275 0.907 8.775 28.958
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 47.290 1.0 208.864 -208.864
Fx' 11.670
Dynamic increment 1.0 77.314 -77.314
W1 Seismic Mass 0.360 1.0 6.63 2.387 -2.387
W1' Seismic Mass 1.130 1.0 5.42 6.125 -6.125
W3 Seismic Mass 7.690 1.0 6.63 50.985 -50.985
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.910 1.0 7.83 7.125 -7.125
Total ΣW = 213.422 ΣM = 1003.948 ΣM' = 927.518
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.346 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.179 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
531
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1280.320 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 352.800 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1280.32/352.8
= 3.629 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 69.050 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.422 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 106.711 T
Factor of Safety = 106.711/69.05
= 1.545 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.48 T
Revised FOS = (106.711+19.74+-1.48)/69.05
= 1.81 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 16.227 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 34.437 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 63.961 T
Active Pressure Pa = 69.050 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 216.703 T
μxW = 108.3516 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.76 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 213.422 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.179 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (213.422/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.179/9.05))
= 26.381 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (213.422/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.179/9.05))
= 20.784 T/m2
532
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 26 Stem 22.263 Heel σmin
26.381 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.784
24.96 24.062
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 237.291
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 1.0 2.550 45.900 6.500 117.000
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.0 0.275 0.907 8.775 28.958
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1. 5.635
W5 0 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
W6 LL Surcharge 4.976 1.0 2.650 13.187 6.400 31.849
DL Surcharge 1.614 1.0 2.650 4.278 6.400 10.332
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.090 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 37.015
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.410 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 12.761
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 47.290 1.0 208.864 -208.864
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.390 1.0 5.685 42.012 -42.012
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.550 1.0 6.055 15.440 -15.440
Total ΣW = 219.053 ΣM = 934.930 ΣM' = 1047.495
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.782 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.257 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
533
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1313.810 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 266.320 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1313.81/266.32
= 4.933 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 57.230 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 219.053 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 109.527 T
Factor of Safety = 109.527/57.23
= 1.914 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Revised FOS = (109.527+19.74)/57.23
= 2.26 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 17.546 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 37.235
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 69.158
Active Pressure Pa = 57.230 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 222.334 T
μxW = 111.1671 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.496 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 219.053 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.257 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (219.053/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.257/9.05))
2
= 28.329 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (219.053/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.257/9.05))
2
= 20.081 T/m
534
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 27.7 Stem 22.26 Heel σmin
28.329 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.081
26.23 24.911
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.0 6.650 24.106 2.400 8.700
W1' 2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 11.328 1.0 6.133 69.479 2.917 33.040
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.0 4.525 30.713 4.525 30.713
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.0 7.517 31.335 1.533 6.392
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.0 3.533 63.203 5.517 98.679
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.0 6.025 58.970 3.025 29.607
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.0 2.650 203.653 6.400 491.840
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.0 1.767 25.281 7.283 104.225
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.0 5.717 51.807 3.333 30.208
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 237.291
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 58.463
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 1.0 2.550 45.900 6.500 117.000
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.0 0.275 0.907 8.775 28.958
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1.
W5 0 5.635 1.0 8.127 45.795 0.923 5.202
W6 LL Surcharge 4.976 1.0 2.650 13.187 6.400 31.849
DL Surcharge 1.614 1.0 2.650 4.278 6.400 10.332
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.090 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 37.015
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.410 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 12.761
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.350 1.0 0.000 0.000 9.050 3.168
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 47.290 1.0 208.864 -208.864
Fx' Dynamic increment 11.670 1.0 77.314 -77.314
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.390 1.0 5.685 42.012 -42.012
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 7.504 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.550 1.0 6.055 15.440 -15.440
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.630 1.0 7.993 5.035 -5.035
W1 Seismic Mass 0.36 1.0 2.3868 -2.387
W1' Seismic Mass 1.13 1.0 6.1246 -6.125
W3 Seismic Mass 7.69 1.0 50.9847 -50.985
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.91 1.0 7.1253 -7.125
Total ΣW = 225.863 ΣM = 1083.901 ΣM' = 960.156
535
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.251 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.274 m
b/6 = 1.508 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1375.440 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 415.290 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1375.44/415.29
= 3.312 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 79.620 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 225.863 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 112.932 T
Factor of Safety = 112.932/79.62
= 1.418 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.250 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 19.740 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.48 T
Revised FOS = (112.932+19.74+-1.48)/79.62
= 1.647727 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.250
1.050
Assume shear key of 1250 x 1050 hp = 4.775 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 34.437 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear
T/m2
key Pp2 = 34.437
Net passive pressure below founding
T
level Pp = 86.949
Active Pressure Pa = 79.620 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 3.28125 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 229.144 T
μxW = 114.5721 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.76 > 1.25, Hence Safe
536
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 225.863 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.274 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (225.863/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.274/9.05))
= 29.491 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (225.863/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.274/9.05))
= 20.424 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 28.8 Stem 22.819 Heel σmin
29.491 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 20.424
27.19 25.734
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
537
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.25 6.650 4.531 2.400 10.875
W1' 11.328
2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.133 14.160 2.917 41.300
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.25 4.525 8.484 4.525 38.392
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.25 7.517 5.211 1.533 7.990
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.25 3.533 22.359 5.517 123.349
W2'''2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.25 6.025 12.234 3.025 37.009
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.70 2.650 130.645 6.400 836.128
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.70 1.767 24.327 7.283 177.182
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.70 5.717 15.406 3.333 51.354
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.70 0.000 44.574 9.050 403.395
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.460 1.25 0.000 8.075 9.050 73.079
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 1.70 2.550 30.600 6.500 198.900
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.70 0.275 5.610 8.775 49.228
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.
W5 5x1.0 5.635 1.70 8.127 9.580 0.923 8.843
W6 LL Surcharge 4.976 1.70 2.650 8.460 6.400 54.143
DL Surcharge 1.614 1.70 2.650 2.745 6.400 17.565
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 4.090 1.70 0.000 6.953 9.050 62.925
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 9.050 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.410 1.70 0.000 2.397 9.050 21.693
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.350 1.25 0.000 0.438 9.050 3.959
IRC loading 5.520 1.70 7.900 9.384 1.150 10.792
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth 47.290
Fx pressure 1.70 80.393 -355.069
Fx' Dynamic increment 11.670 1.25 14.588 -96.643
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.390 1.70 5.685 12.563 -71.421
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 7.504 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.550 1.70 6.055 4.335 -26.248
Dynamic increment
(DL) 0.630 1.25 7.993 0.788 -6.294
W1 Seismic Mass 0.360 1.25 0.450 -2.984
W1' Seismic Mass 1.130 1.25 1.413 -7.656
W3 Seismic Mass 7.690 1.25 9.613 -63.731
W3'' Seismic Mass 0.910 1.25 1.138 -8.907
ΣW 366.173 ΣM' 1589.149
Vertical load on heel = 292.15 T
Vertical load on toe = 26.33 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.340 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.185 m
538
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 366.173 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.185 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (366.173089717742/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.185/9.05))
= 45.424 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (366.173089717742/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.185/9.05))
= 35.498 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.25 x 1.0 3.625 1.25 6.650 4.531 2.400 10.875
W1' 11.328
2.5 x 1.25 x 7.25 x 1.0x0.5 1.25 6.133 14.160 2.917 41.300
W2 2.5 x 9.05 x 0.3 x 1.0 6.788 1.25 4.525 8.484 4.525 38.392
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 1.25 7.517 5.211 1.533 7.990
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5.3x2.7 17.888 1.25 3.533 22.359 5.517 123.349
W2''' 2.5x1.45x1x2.7 9.788 1.25 6.025 12.234 3.025 37.009
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 1.70 2.650 130.645 6.400 836.128
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 1.70 1.767 24.327 7.283 177.182
W3'' 2x0.5x1.25x7.15 9.063 1.70 5.717 15.406 3.333 51.354
Fy Earth pressure 26.220 1.70 0.000 44.574 9.050 403.395
18.000
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 1.70 2.550 30.600 6.500 198.900
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 1.70 0.275 5.610 8.775 49.228
2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.
5.635
W5 5x1.0 1.70 8.127 9.580 0.923 8.843
W6 LL Surcharge 4.976 1.70 2.650 8.460 6.400 54.143
DL Surcharge 1.614 1.70 2.650 2.745 6.400 17.565
Lat. Earth pressure
4.090 1.70 62.925
(LL) 0.000 6.953 9.050
Lat. Earth pressure
1.410
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.397 9.050 21.693
IRC loading 5.520 1.700 7.900 9.384 1.150 10.792
Horizontal Loads
Lateral Earth
Fx pressure 47.290 1.70 80.393 -355.069
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.390 1.70 5.685 12.563 -71.421
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.550 1.70 6.055 4.335 -26.248
ΣW 357.661 ΣM' 1698.324
Vertical load on heel = 282.86 T
Vertical load on toe = 26.33 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.748 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.223 m
539
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 357.660 T
Base Width, b = 9.050 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.223 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (357.66/9.05) x (1+(6 x 0.223/9.05))
= 45.363 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (357.66/9.05) x (1-(6 x 0.223/9.05))
= 33.678 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 45.424 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
9.05
2.30 1.45 5.30
σmax Toe 44.7 Stem 38.12 Heel σmin
45.424 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 35.498
42.90 41.311
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.250 m
Ka (stem) = 0.711
Ca (stem) = 1.081
Active Earth
Pressure (2x0.711x7.25 ^2 )/2 = 37.37 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx 37.3719375x Cos (19.45) = 35.24 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.42 m
Moment due to Fx = 85.16 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 19.45 T
Horizontal
Component, Fx' 19.448125x Cos (19.45) = 18.34 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 4.79 m
Moment due to Fx' = 87.75 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 172.91 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 85.16 + 1.25 x 87.75
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 254.46 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge = 2.97 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
540
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge = 1.48 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.17 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 9.03 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 1.450 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.36x3.63 + 1.13x2.42 + 7.69x3.63 + 0.91x4.83
= 36.351 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem= 45.440 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 254.4595 + 9.02687463219098 + 45.44
= 308.93 T.m
= 3030.568 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (3030.568/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 760 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1388 mm > 760 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1274.436 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1274.436 1318.125 lesser
Ast = 5467 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1388
= 2775 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5467 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1388
= 1665 mm²
Distribution
Provide 16 dia @ 120 mm c/c
(Ast provided =1676 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
541
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1850 mm
h = 5.40 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 345.21 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 269.47 kNm h1= 5.40
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 4.60 kNm 7.3
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 3.85 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.85
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 2.87 kNm
force on stem = 19.12 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 965.53 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3514.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 1.131 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (965.53/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 429.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 1068.534 mm > 429 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1025.682 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1015.108 1015.107759 lesser
Ast = 2186.575 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1069
= 2137.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2186.575 mm²
Ast Provided = 2727.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1388
= 1665 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 1665 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 20 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1745 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 16 dia @ 120 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1676 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
542
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.388 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.211 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 23.042 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.991 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.059 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.495 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.280 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.841 T
shear force at the section = 44.706 T
Factored shear force at the section = 66.95 T
= 656.79 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.145 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.57 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.81 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.61 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.49 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 120 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 160.10 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 418.88 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 120 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
543
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.00 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.105 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 18.479 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 9.616 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.673 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.370
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.209
Seismic force on stem = 6.897 T
shear force at the section = 36.243 T
Factored shear force at the section = 54.09 T
= 530.61 kN
H = 5.25
effective depth considered = 1.04 m
v = 0.51 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.83 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.63 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.52 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5.3 x 7.15 x 1.0 76.850 2.650 203.653 1.7 346.21
W3' 2x0.5x5.3x2.7 14.310 3.533 50.562 1.7 85.96
W4 2 x 0.5 x 6 x 3 x 1 18.000 2.750 49.500 1.7 84.15
W4' 2 x 0.55 x 3 x 1 3.300 5.025 16.583 1.7 28.19
Fy Force due to EP 26.220 5.300 138.966 1.7 236.24
Fy' Dynamic increment 6.460 5.300 34.238 1.25 42.80
2.5 x 5.3 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.975 2.650 10.534 1.25 13.17
Self
Weight 2.5x0.5 x 5.3 x 2.7 x 1.25 39.50
1.0 17.888 1.767 31.601
35.498 x 5.3 x 1.0 188.139 2.650 498.568 - -498.57
σ-
Upward - -27.22
0.5 x 5.81 x 5.3 x 1.0 15.404 1.767 27.219
W6 LL Surcharge 4.976 2.650 13.187 1.7 22.42
DL Surcharge 1.614 2.650 4.278 1.7 7.27
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 36.85
(LL) 4.090 5.300 21.677
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.300 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 12.70
(DL) 1.410 5.300 7.473
Dynamic increment
1.25 2.32
(DL) 0.350 5.300 1.855
Total for Ka=0.308 431.993
= 431.993 T.m
= 4237.848 kN.m
544
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4237.848/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 898 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 2909 mm > 898 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 2768.577 (or) 2763.550 whichever is
= 2763.550 lesser
Ast = 3525 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2909
= 5818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5818 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2909
= 3491 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2909
= 3491 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 140 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3506 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
545
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.9090 m
shear force at the section = 43.79 T
= 429.564 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.4271 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.30 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.77 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.60 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.47 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 140 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 91.49291
Reinforcement Provided = 359.04
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 140 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.6000 m
effective depth considered = 0.565604 m
Shear force at the section considered = 13.469 T
= 132.127 kN
v = 0.234 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.97
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.823 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.798 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
546
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.3x(1.95+0.5)x0.5x1.0 5.635 0.92 5.202 1.7 8.8434
IRC 5.520 1.15 6.348 1.7 10.7916
Self 2.5 x 2.3 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.725 1.15 1.984 1.25 2.48
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.3x1.45 4.169 0.77 3.196 1.25 3.995
σ- 42.901 x 2.3 98.672 1.15 113.473 - -113.473
Upward 0.5 x 2.52 x 2.3 2.901 1.53 4.448 - -4.448
ΣM = -91.811
Factored Moment, Mu = 91.811 T.m
= 900.666 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (900.666/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 414 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1659 mm > 414 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1588.789 (or) 1576.050 whichever is
= 1576.050 lesser
Ast = 1314 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1659
= 3318 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3318 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1659
= 1991 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1659
= 1991 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 20 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2094 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
547
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.659 m
shear force at the section = 21.553 T
= 211.437 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.613 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.34 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.60 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 58.43095
Reinforcement Provided = 279.25
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided=from the 1.900
face m
effective depth considered = 0.461 m
Shear force at the section considered = 13.503 T
= 132.460 kN
v = 0.287 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.02
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.699 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.713 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
548
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 86.95 T
Active Pressure = 79.62 T
Net force acting on shear key = -7.33 T
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear
Vu =
key -7.33 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M= -153 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 1050 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (-152.792325817294/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= #NUM! mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 963 mm #NUM!
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 849 (or) 914.375 which ever is lesser
= 849
Ast Required = -414 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 1925 mm²
Hence Ast required = 1925 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 7195 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Ast Provided = 7195 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 170 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 170 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1183 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1155 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 170 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 170 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1183 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 170 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1183 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
549
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 35.24 2.42 85.16 1.0 85.16
Fx' 18.34 4.79 87.7 1.0 87.75
Lat. Earth pressure
0.000 1.0 0.00
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
0.000 1.2 0.00
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.2 0.00
incr)
Seismic force 36.35 1.0 36.35
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 835.4 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 2052.9
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 835.43 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 2052.9
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 835.4 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 2052.9
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 835.4 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 2052.9
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 835.4 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 2052.9
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 835.43 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 2052.9
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 835.43 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 2052.9
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 835.43 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 2052.85 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 835.434 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
550
Depth of section, D = 1450 mm
Effective depth, d = 1384.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 835.43 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.005
ρm = 0.005 x 8 = 0.04
k = 0.246
x = 340.47 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×340.47^3)/3)+((8×7195×(1384-340.47)^2)) = 8E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 226 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 9.22 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 92 acr = 64.515 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 3.75
ε1 = =
((1450-340.47)/(1384-340.47))×(91.96690196/200000) 0.00049 mm
εs = 0.0005×((1384-340.47)/(1450-340.47)) = 0.00046 mm
εm = 0.0005-((((3.8×1000×1450×(1450- = -0.001172 mm
340.47)))/(0.0005×7195×(1450-340.47)))×(1- εm = -0.00117 mm
(0.0010/835.4336))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×64.52×-0.001)/(1+2×(64.52-50)/(1450-340.47)) = -0.221 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
551
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.98 2.65 10.534 1.0 10.53
slab
17.89 1.77 31.60 1.0 31.60
W3 76.85 2.65 203.7 1.0 203.65
W3' 14.31 3.53 50.56 1.0 50.56
W4 21.45 3.12 66.86 1.0 66.86
W4' 0.00 5.30 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 1.16 3.98 4.60 1.0 4.60
Surcharge
DL
0.38 3.98 1.491 1.0 1.49
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
1.12 5.30 5.94 1.0 5.94
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 5.30 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
0.40 5.30 2.12 1.0 2.12
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
0.30 5.30 1.590 1.0 1.59
increment (DL)
Fy 52.68 5.30 279.2 1.0 279.20
Fy' 38.75 5.30 205.4 1.0 205.38
σ 11.91 2.65 31.573 1.0 31.57
87.57 1.77 154.7 1.0 154.71
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 6643.71
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 6643.71
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 6643.71
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 6643.71
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 6643.71
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 6643.71
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 6643.71
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 6643.71 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 6643.710 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
552
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3000 mm
Effective depth, d = 2909.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 6643.71 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.003
ρm = 0.003 x 8 = 0.024
k = 0.197
x = 573.08 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×573.08^3)/3)+((8×8936×(2909-573.08)^2)) = 5E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 274 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.41 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.519 mm
ε1 = ((3000-573.08)/(2909-573.08))×(274.1825176/200000) = 0.00143 mm
εs = 0.0014×((2909-573.08)/(3000-573.08)) = 0.00138 mm
εm = 0.0014-((((3.8×1000×3000×(3000- = 0.0005031 mm
573.08)))/(0.0014×8936×(3000-573.08)))×(1- εm = 0.00050 mm
(0.0010/6643.7100))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.52×0.001)/(1+2×(85.52-75)/(3000-573.08)) = 0.128 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
553
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
1.73 1.15 1.984 1.0 1.98
slab
4.17 0.77 3.196 1.0 3.20
W5 5.64 0.92 5.202 1.0 5.20
IRC 5.52 1.15 6.348 1.0 6.35
σ 101.97 1.15 117.3 1.0 -117.26
16.49 1.53 25.29 1.0 -25.29
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -1234.29
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -1234.29
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -1234.29
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -1234.29
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -1234.29
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -1234.29
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -1234.29
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 1234.29 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1234.294 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3000 mm
Effective depth, d = 1659.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1234.29 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0015
ρm = 0.0015 x 8 = 0.012
k = 0.144
x = 238.9 mm
554
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×238.90^3)/3)+((8×4468×(1659-238.90)^2)) = 8E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 183 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 3.85 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((3000-238.90)/(1659-238.90))×(182.9923173/200000) = 0.00178 mm
εs = 0.0018×((1659-238.90)/(3000-238.90)) = 0.00092 mm
εm = 0.0018-((((3.8×1000×3000×(3000- = -0.001007 mm
238.90)))/(0.0009×4468×(3000-238.90)))×(1- εm = -0.00101 mm
(0.0010/1234.2942))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×-0.001)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(3000-238.90)) = -0.344 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
555
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 633.80 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 633.7968 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 63 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1131 mm
Effective depth, d = 1068.53 mm
Service Bending Moment = 633.80 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 2727.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0025
ρm = 0.0025 x 8 = 0.02
k = 0.181
x = 193.41 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×193.41^3)/3)+((8×2727×(1068.534483-193.41)^2))= 2E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 232 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 6.41 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((1131.034483-193.41)/(1068.534483-193.41))×(232.0802598/200000) = 0.00125 mm
εs = 0.0013×((1068.534483-193.41)/(1131.034483-193.41)) = 0.00117 mm
εm = 0.0013-((((3.8×1000×1131.034483×(1131.034483- = -0.000101 mm
193.41)))/(0.0012×2727×(1131.034483-193.41)))×(1- εm = -0.00010 mm
(0.0010/633.7968))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×0.000)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(1131.034483-193.41)) = -0.029 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 1.9 m from top of base slab
556
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW71 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for shear key
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / (but
D- xnot
) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 1120.55 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1120.554 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 25 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 88 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1050 mm
Effective depth, d = 962.50 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1120.55 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 7195.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0069
ρm = 0.0069 x 8 = 0.0552
k = 0.282
x = 271.43 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×271.43^3)/3)+((8×7195×(962.5-271.43)^2)) = 3E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 181 < 375 Safe
fc = M x / Icr = 8.91 < 17.5 Safe
acr = 87.465 mm
ε1 = ((1050-271.43)/(962.5-271.43))×(181.3794671/200000) = 0.00103 mm
εs = 0.0010×((962.5-271.43)/(1050-271.43)) = 0.00091 mm
εm = 0.0010-((((3.8×1000×1050×(1050- = 0.0004234 mm
271.43)))/(0.0009×7195×(1050-271.43)))×(1- εm = 0.00042 mm
(0.0010/1120.5535))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×87.47×0.000)/(1+2×(87.47-75)/(1050-271.43)) = 0.108 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
557
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 1450 mm
height above the base
H= 7250 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 1450 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 7250 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 3.67785E+12 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.005082513 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 7250 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.15673539 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 0.000149218 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 29 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
558
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72
559
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(1) General Inputs :-
Height above G.L or B.L = 9.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 5.000 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 10.000 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track Centre,
L' = 13.930 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 2.700 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.550 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.000 m
Total Base width = 10.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.750 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 25.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 13.93 W6
3.930 Formation Level
10.000
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.750
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
9.000
W3
H' = 7.950 11.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
2.000 1.200 3.550 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.500 2.700 5.000
1.450
10.200
560
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 26.57°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 17.46°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.96
0.91 x 0.89 x 1.376
Kα = 0.861 for stem design
Kα = 0.594 for stability check
Kp = 0.765
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.899
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic component
is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 1.031
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 1.031
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.301
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.301
Ca for stem Design = 1.301
561
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3.55 + 7.95 + 3.75 = 15.25 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.594 x 2 x 15.25 ^2 )/2
= 138.142 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal Component,
Fx = 138.142x Cos (29) = 120.820 T
Vertical Component,
Fy = 138.142x sin (29) = 66.970 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.25/3)
= 5.083 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 614.168 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 15.250 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (1.031 x 2 x 15.25 ^2 )/2
= 239.772 T
The above force making an angle with the horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 209.71 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 116.24 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 88.89 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 49.27 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.25/2)
= 7.625 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 677.786 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
562
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 4.930 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 9.930 m
h1 for stability = 11.570 m
h1 for design = 3.020 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x4.93))
= 12.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 11.57 x 0.594) / (12.86)
= 8.711 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.62 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 4.22 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 5.785 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 7.62 x 5.785
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 44.082 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 4.22 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x9.93))
= 22.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 3.02 x 0.861) / (22.86)
= 1.854 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.510 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = 2.492 T.m
563
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.301
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 8.452 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, P = 0.000 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 7.636 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0 x 7.6362
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0x0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.353 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 1.993 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn=incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 4.190 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 9.190 m
h1 for stability = 12.310 m
h1 for design = 3.760 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x4.19))
= 12.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 12.31 x 0.594) / (12.86)
= 3.007 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.63 T
564
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.46 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.155 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.63 x 6.155
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 16.188 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.46 x 0
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x9.19))
= 22.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 3.76 x 0.861) / (22.86)
= 0.749 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 1.880 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = 1.253 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 1.031
Ca for stem design = 1.301
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 5.219 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, P = 2.212 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.93 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.07 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.125 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.93 x 8.1246
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 15.68 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 1.07 x 0
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.093 T
Dynamic increment = 0.344 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 2.482 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 0.854 T.m
565
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.53 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.3125 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.3125 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.9375 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
Total ΣW = 84.031 ΣM = 487.194 ΣM' = 369.923
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.402 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.698 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.53 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.3125 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.3125 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.9375 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 683.094
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 120.820 1.0 614.168 -614.168
Total ΣW = 301.501 ΣM = 1575.629 ΣM' = 1499.683
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.974 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.126 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
566
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2113.850 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 614.168 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2113.85/614.168
= 3.442 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 120.820 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 301.501 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 150.751 T
Factor of Safety = 150.751/120.82
= 1.248 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Revised FOS = (150.751+24.37)/120.82
= 1.45 Provide Shear Key.
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 19.495 T/m2
2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 41.608 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 86.638
Active Pressure Pa = 120.820 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 305.851 T
μxW = 152.9255 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.185 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 301.501 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.126 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (301.501/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.126/10.2))
= 31.750 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (301.501/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.126/10.2))
2
= 27.368 T/m
567
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 31.496 Stem 28.03 Heel σmin
31.750 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 27.368
30.68 29.516
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 683.094
Fy' Dynamic increment 49.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 502.554
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 120.820 1.0 614.168 -614.168
Fx' 88.890
Dynamic increment 1.0 677.786 -677.786
W1 Seismic Mass 0.400 1.0 7.53 3.012 -3.012
W1' Seismic Mass 2.480 1.0 6.2 15.376 -15.376
W3 Seismic Mass 7.950 1.0 7.53 59.864 -59.864
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.990 1.0 8.85 17.612 -17.612
Total ΣW = 350.771 ΣM = 2349.278 ΣM' = 1228.588
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.503 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.597 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
568
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2616.410 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 1387.820 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2616.41/1387.82
= 1.885 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 222.530 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 350.771 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 175.386 T
Factor of Safety = 175.386/222.53
= 0.788 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.83 T
Revised FOS = (175.386+24.37+-1.83)/222.53
= 0.89 Provide Shear Key.
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 18.030 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 38.482 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 80.127 T
Active Pressure Pa = 222.530 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 355.121 T
μxW = 177.5605 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.259 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 350.771 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.597 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (350.771/10.2) x (1+(6 x 1.597/10.2))
= 66.695 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (350.771/10.2) x (1-(6 x 1.597/10.2))
= 2.084 T/m2
569
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 62.951 Stem 11.845 Heel σmin
66.695 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 2.084
50.86 33.756
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 683.094
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
W6 LL Surcharge 3.565 1.0 2.500 8.913 7.700 27.452
DL Surcharge 1.157 1.0 2.500 2.892 7.700 8.906
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 43.044
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 14.892
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 120.820 1.0 614.168 -614.168
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.620 1.0 5.785 44.082 -44.082
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.630 1.0 6.155 16.188 -16.188
Total ΣW = 311.903 ΣM = 1647.703 ΣM' = 1533.708
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.917 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.183 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
570
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2208.150 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 674.440 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2208.15/674.44
= 3.274 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 131.070 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 311.903 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 155.952 T
Factor of Safety = 155.952/131.07
= 1.190 Provide Shear Key.
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Revised FOS = (155.952+24.37)/131.07
= 1.38 Provide Shear Key.
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 19.495 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 41.608
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 86.638
Active Pressure Pa = 131.070 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 316.253 T
μxW = 158.1265 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.053 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 311.903 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.183 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (311.903/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.183/10.2))
2
= 33.870 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (311.903/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.183/10.2))
2
= 27.287 T/m
571
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 33.489 Stem 28.282 Heel σmin
33.870 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 27.287
32.26 30.514
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 683.094
Fy' Dynamic increment 49.270 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 502.554
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 6.750 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
W6 LL Surcharge 3.565 1.0 2.500 8.913 7.700 27.452
DL Surcharge 1.157 1.0 2.500 2.892 7.700 8.906
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 4.220 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 43.044
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.460 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 14.892
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.070 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 10.914
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 120.820 1.0 614.168 -614.168
Fx' Dynamic increment 88.890 1.0 677.786 -677.786
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.620 1.0 5.785 44.082 -44.082
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 7.636 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.630 1.0 6.155 16.188 -16.188
Dynamic increment (DL) 1.930 1.0 8.125 15.680 -15.680
W1 Seismic Mass 0.4 1.0 3.012 -3.012
W1' Seismic Mass 2.48 1.0 15.376 -15.376
W3 Seismic Mass 7.95 1.0 59.8635 -59.864
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.99 1.0 17.6115 -17.612
Total ΣW = 362.243 ΣM = 2437.033 ΣM' = 1257.846
572
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 3.472 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.628 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 2721.610 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 1463.770 T.m
Factor of Safety = 2721.61/1463.77
= 1.859 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 234.710 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 362.243 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 181.122 T
Factor of Safety = 181.122/234.71
= 0.772 Provide Shear Key.
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.83 T
Revised FOS = (181.122+24.37+-1.83)/234.71
= 0.867718 Provide Shear Key.
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 38.482 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 38.482
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 109.125
Active Pressure Pa = 234.710 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 366.593 T
μxW = 183.2965 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 1.342 > 1.25, Hence Safe
573
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 362.243 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.628 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (362.243/10.2) x (1+(6 x 1.628/10.2))
= 69.524 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (362.243/10.2) x (1-(6 x 1.628/10.2))
= 1.504 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 65.583 Stem 11.78 Heel σmin
69.524 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 1.504
52.85 34.847
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
574
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.25 7.600 4.969 2.600 12.919
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.25 6.667 31.055 3.533 109.727
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.25 5.100 9.563 5.100 48.769
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.25 8.533 6.641 1.667 11.068
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.25 3.333 25.391 6.867 174.349
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.25 6.350 27.422 3.850 105.574
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.70 2.500 135.150 7.700 1040.655
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.70 1.667 27.625 8.533 235.733
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.70 5.833 33.788 4.367 147.539
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.70 0.000 113.849 10.200 1161.260
Fy' Dynamic increment 49.270 1.25 0.000 61.588 10.200 628.193
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.70 2.500 47.813 7.700 368.156
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.
W5 0 6.750 1.70 9.212 11.475 0.988 11.333
W6 LL Surcharge 3.565 1.70 2.500 6.061 7.700 46.668
DL Surcharge 1.157 1.70 2.500 1.966 7.700 15.140
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 4.220 1.70 0.000 7.174 10.200 73.175
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 1.460 1.70 0.000 2.482 10.200 25.316
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.070 1.25 0.000 1.338 10.200 13.643
IRC loading 6.000 1.70 8.950 10.200 1.250 12.750
Horizontal Loads
120.820
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 1.70 205.394 -1044.086
Fx' Dynamic increment 88.890 1.25 111.113 -847.233
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.620 1.70 5.785 12.954 -74.939
Dynamic increment
(LL) 0.000 1.25 7.636 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.630 1.70 6.155 4.471 -27.519
Dynamic increment
(DL) 1.930 1.25 8.125 2.413 -19.601
W1 Seismic Mass 0.400 1.25 0.500 -3.765
W1' Seismic Mass 2.480 1.25 3.100 -19.220
W3 Seismic Mass 7.950 1.25 9.938 -74.829
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.990 1.25 2.488 -22.014
ΣW 565.546 ΣM' 2108.760
Vertical load on heel = 435.12 T
Vertical load on toe = 30.66 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 3.729 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -1.371 m
575
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 565.546 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -1.371 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (565.546096620735/10.2) x (1+(6 x 1.371/10.2))
= 100.161 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (565.546096620735/10.2) x (1-(6 x 1.371/10.2))
= 10.730 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.25 7.600 4.969 2.600 12.919
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.25 6.667 31.055 3.533 109.727
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.25 5.100 9.563 5.100 48.769
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.25 8.533 6.641 1.667 11.068
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.25 3.333 25.391 6.867 174.349
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.25 6.350 27.422 3.850 105.574
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.70 2.500 135.150 7.700 1040.655
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.70 1.667 27.625 8.533 235.733
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.70 5.833 33.788 4.367 147.539
Fy Earth pressure 66.970 1.70 0.000 113.849 10.200 1161.260
28.125
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 1.70 2.500 47.813 7.700 368.156
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.
6.750
W5 0 1.70 9.212 11.475 0.988 11.333
W6 LL Surcharge 3.565 1.70 2.500 6.061 7.700 46.668
DL Surcharge 1.157 1.70 2.500 1.966 7.700 15.140
Lat. Earth pressure
4.220 1.70 73.175
(LL) 0.000 7.174 10.200
Lat. Earth pressure
1.460
(DL) 1.70 0.000 2.482 10.200 25.316
IRC loading 6.000 1.700 8.950 10.200 1.250 12.750
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 120.820 1.70 205.394 -1044.086
Lat. Earth pressure
(LL) 7.620 1.70 5.785 12.954 -74.939
Lat. Earth pressure
(DL) 2.630 1.70 6.155 4.471 -27.519
ΣW 502.621 ΣM' 2453.587
Vertical load on heel = 369.07 T
Vertical load on toe = 30.66 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.882 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.218 m
576
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 502.620 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.218 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (502.62/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.218/10.2))
= 55.595 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (502.62/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.218/10.2))
= 42.957 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 100.161 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 94.979 Stem 24.241 Heel σmin
100.161 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 10.730
78.24 54.569
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.950 m
Ka (stem) = 0.861
Ca (stem) = 1.301
Active Earth Pressure (2x0.861x7.95 ^2 )/2 = 54.42 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx 54.4173525x Cos (27.13) = 48.43 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.65 m
Moment due to Fx = 128.34 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 27.81 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx' 27.8091x Cos (27.13) = 24.75 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.25 m
Moment due to Fx' = 129.86 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 258.20 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 128.34 + 1.25 x 129.86
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 380.50 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL surcharge = 2.49 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
577
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL surcharge = 1.25 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.85 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 7.43 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 2.700 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.4x3.98 + 2.48x2.65 + 7.95x3.98 + 1.99x5.3
= 50.352 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 62.940 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 380.503 + 7.43373391382382 + 62.94
= 450.88 T.m
= 4423.101 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4423.101/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 918 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2634 mm > 918 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2493.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2493.577 2502.300 lesser
Ast = 4078 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2634
= 5268 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5268 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2634
= 3161 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3272 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
578
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1900 mm
h = 6.05 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral
earth pressure = 554.87 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 425.34 kNm h1= 6.05
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 3.36 kNm 8.0
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 3.01 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.90
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 1.83 kNm
force on stem = 26.76 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1521.52 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3564.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.103 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1521.52/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 538.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2036.516 mm > 538 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1966.304 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1934.690 1934.689937 lesser
Ast = 1807.911 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2037
= 4073.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4073.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2634
= 3161 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3161 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 150 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3272 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
579
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.634 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.872 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 21.655 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.066 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.211 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.200 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.092 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.581 T
shear force at the section = 40.804 T
Factored shear force at the section = 60.93 T
= 597.77 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.806 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.33 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.41 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 135.29 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 335.10 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
580
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.63 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.872 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 21.655 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.066 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 0.211 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.200
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.092
Seismic force on stem = 7.581 T
shear force at the section = 40.804 T
Factored shear force at the section = 60.93 T
= 597.77 kN
H = 5.32
effective depth considered = 1.81 m
v = 0.33 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.41 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 2.500 198.750 1.7 337.88
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 3.333 54.167 1.7 92.08
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 2.500 70.313 1.7 119.53
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 5.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 66.970 5.000 334.850 1.7 569.25
Fy' Dynamic increment 49.270 5.000 246.350 1.25 307.94
2.5 x 5 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.750 2.500 9.375 1.25 11.72
Self
Weight 1.25 42.32
2.5x0.5 x 5 x 3.25 x 1.0 20.313 1.667 33.854
10.73 x 5 x 1.0 53.650 2.500 134.125 - -134.13
σ-
Upward - -182.70
0.5 x 43.84 x 5 x 1.0 109.598 1.667 182.700
W6 LL Surcharge 3.565 2.500 8.913 1.7 15.15
DL Surcharge 1.157 2.500 2.892 1.7 4.92
Lat. Earth pressure 1.7 35.87
(LL) 4.220 5.000 21.100
Dynamic increment
1.25 0.00
(LL) 0.000 5.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure
1.7 12.41
(DL) 1.460 5.000 7.300
Dynamic increment
1.25 6.69
(DL) 1.070 5.000 5.350
Total for Ka=0.594 1238.921
= 1238.921 T.m
= 12153.815 kN.m
581
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (12153.815/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 1522 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 3459 mm > 1522 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 3318.577 (or) 3286.050 whichever is
= 3286.050 lesser
Ast = 8503 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3459
= 6918 mm²
Hence Ast required = 8503 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3459
= 4151 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3459
= 4151 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
582
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.4590 m
shear force at the section = 107.16 T
= 1051.237 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2107 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.87 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 398.0709
Reinforcement Provided = 413.37
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.599 m
Shear force at the section considered = 44.198 T
= 433.587 kN
v = 0.724 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.96
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.807 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.772 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
583
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 6.750 0.99 6.667 1.7 11.3339
IRC 6.000 1.25 7.500 1.7 12.75
Self 2.5 x 2.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.875 1.25 2.344 1.25 2.93
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 0.83 4.427 1.25 5.534
σ- 78.242 x 2.5 195.605 1.25 244.506 - -244.506
Upward 0.5 x 21.92 x 2.5 27.399 1.67 45.674 - -45.674
ΣM = -257.632
Factored Moment, Mu = 257.632 T.m
= 2527.373 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (2527.373/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 694 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1909 mm > 694 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1838.789 (or) 1813.550 whichever is
= 1813.550 lesser
Ast = 3204 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1909
= 3818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3818 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1909
= 2291 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2584 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1909
= 2291 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2584 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
584
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.909 m
shear force at the section = 50.416 T
= 494.581 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.611 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.81 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.61 MPa
v>Svc, Shear Reinforcement is Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 317.913
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided from = the face
2.200 m
effective depth considered = 0.413 m
Shear force at the section considered = 25.975 T
= 254.812 kN
v = 0.617 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.725 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.761 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
585
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 109.13 T
Active Pressure = 234.71 T
Net force acting on shear key = 125.58 T
Vu =
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear key 125.58 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M = 3037 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 1200 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (3036.85140626998/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 761 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1109 mm Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 969 (or) 1053.55 which ever is lesser
= 969
Ast Required = 7208 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 2218 mm²
Hence Ast required = 7208 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1331 mm²
Ast Provided = 8936 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1331 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 150 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 150 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1340 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1340 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1330.8 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 150 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 150 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1340 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1340 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
586
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Design for Xmin case
Height above G.L or B.L = 9.000 m
Depth below G.L or B.L = 2.500 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope = 3.750 m
Width of Earth fill Surcharge in Slope, d = 7.500 m
Distance between Stem Inner edge & Track Centre,
L' = 11.430 m
Stem thick at Top = 0.200 m
Stem thick at Bottom = 2.700 m
Toe Slab Length = 2.500 m
Heel Slab Length = 5.000 m
Base Slab Thickness at Toe and Heel End = 0.300 m
Heel slab Thickness in the Middle = 3.550 m
Toe slab Thickness in the Middle = 2.000 m
Total Base width = 10.200 m
Height of Earth fill Surcharge over Heel Slab = 3.750 m
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500
Base Slab Clear Cover = 75 mm
Stem Clear Cover = 50 mm
Density of concrete (gc) = 2.5 T/m3
Density of soil (gs) = 2.0 T/m3
Angle of Internal friction (φ) = 29°
Angle of surcharge (i) = 26.57° (Slope 2:1)
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20.00 T/m2
Gross Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 25.00 T/m2
Seismic Data
Seismic Zone = III
Basic Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.16
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.08
Importance factor I = 1.25
Sa/g = 2.50
Value of R IRS RDSO Guidelines = 2.5
(2) Schematic Diagram :- 11.43 W6
3.930 Formation Level
7.500
3.000
(Slope 2:1) 3.750
0.200 26.57° W4
Modified backfill angle
W3'' Earth
9.000
W3
H' = 7.950 11.500
G.L (or) B.L
W1
2.500 W5 W1'
W2' W2'' W3'
W2'''
2.000 1.200 3.550 W2 0.300
B C D A
2.500 2.700 5.000
1.450
10.200
587
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3a) Earth Pressure Coefficients -A
Active Earth Pressure = Kα x γs x H2
2
For Static Condition, Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Clause 5.7.1
Kα = Coefficient of Static active earth pressure condition
φ = Angle of Internal Friction of backfill of soil = 29°
Angle of friction between wall & earth fill (1/3) x f for Concrete
ɗ = Structure = 10°
ɗ = Angle of friction between soil to soil at heel location = 29°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the edge of Heel = 0.00°
i = Slope of back fill angle at the base of stem = 26.57°
α(stability) = Angle of wall face = 0.00°
α(stem) = Angle of wall face = 17.46°
Kα = Cos2 (f-a)
Cos a Cos (a+d) {1+ [sqrt((Sin(f+d)Sin(f-i)) / (Cos(a+d)Cos(a-i))]}2
2
= 0.96
0.91 x 0.89 x 1.376
Kα = 0.861 for stem design
Kα = 0.308 for stability check
Kp = 0.765
1 x 0.986 x 0.199
Kp = 3.899
(3b) Earth Pressure Coefficients (Seismic)
Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = 0.1
As per Cl.7.3.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, vertical seismic component
is omitted for Zone II and III.
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.000
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stability check
λ1 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
λ2 = 5.71 Deg
= 0.100 Rad
for stability check - 1+av Ca = 0.384
for stability check - 1-av Ca = 0.384
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Coefficient of active earth pressure (Ca) for stem Design
for stem Design - 1+av Ca = 1.301
for stem Design - 1-av Ca = 1.301
Ca for stem Design = 1.301
588
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3c) Active Earth pressure
Heel:
H = 3.55 + 7.95 + 3.75 = 15.25 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.308 x 2 x 15.25 ^2 )/2
= 71.629 T
This Earth pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Resolving the above force due to earth is given by,
Horizontal Component,
Fx = 71.629x Cos (29) = 62.650 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 71.629x sin (29) = 34.730 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.25/3)
= 5.083 m
Moment due to Fx about 'A' = 318.471 T.m
Moment due to Fy about 'A' = 0 T.m
(3d) Active Earth pressure due to seismic effects
Total Height H = 15.250 m
Active Earth Pressure at the heel edge = (0.384 x 2 x 15.25 ^2 )/2
= 89.304 T
The above force making an angle with the horizontal = 29.00°
Horizontal Component, Fx = 78.11 T
Vertical Component, Fy = 43.30 T
Horizontal component of dynamic increment,Fx' = 15.46 T
Vertical component of dynamic increment,Fy' = 8.57 T
Distance 'x' of Fy from Point 'A' = 0.000
= 0.000 m
Distance 'y' of Fx from Point 'A' = (15.25/2)
= 7.625 m
Moment due to Fx' about 'A' = 117.883 T.m
Moment due to Fy' about 'A' = 0 T.m
Calculation of coefficient of passive earth pressure
1 α cos φ α λ
v
2 𝐶𝑝
Cp
sinφ δsinφ i λ
2
cosλosλ2 αcosδ α λ1
cosα icosδ α λ
for stability check - 1+av Cp = 3.61
for stability check - 1-av Cp = 3.61
Cp for stability check = 3.606
589
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(3e) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Live Load Surcharge :-
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 16.30 t/m B
As per Cl.7.1, IRS Code for Earthquake Resistant Design of Railway Bridges, 45° D
only 50% of Live Load is considered for Seismic Design.
Live Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S (seismic) = 8.150 t/m For Stability
h1
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 3.000 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 45°
D for stability = 2.430 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 7.430 m
h1 for stability = 12.820 m
h1 for design = 4.270 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x2.43))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 12.82 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 8.188 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 7.16 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 3.97 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.410 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 7.16 x 6.41
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 45.896 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 3.97 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (3 + (2x7.43))
= 17.860 m
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = ((S) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((16.3) x 4.27 x 0.861) / (17.86)
= 3.355 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 2.135 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge = 6.375 T.m
590
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.301
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to LL (Seismic) = 5.105 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge, P = 0.000 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to LL
Surcharge = 0T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.461 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0 x 8.4612
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0x0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 2.449 T
Dynamic increment = 0.000 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab. B
0.66*h1 = 2.818 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(dyn = incr) 0.000 T.m
26.57° D
(3f) Earth Pressure & Moment due to Dead Load Surcharge :- For Stability
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.1
h1
Dead Load Surcharge / Pway Load, S = 5.288 t/m
Dispersion Width for live load & dead load surcharge = 4.480 m
Angle of dispersion wrt to vertical = 45.00 ˚
Distance from cess edge to Track C/L 3.93 m B
=
Refering to IRS Bridge SubStructure & Foundation Code, Cl 5.8.3 26.57°
D for stability = 1.690 m For Stem Design D
D for Design = 6.690 m
h1 for stability = 13.560 m
h1 for design = 5.010 m
h1
Stability:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (1x1.69))
= 7.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 13.56 x 0.308) / (7.86)
= 2.810 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 2.46 T
591
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 1.36 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from bottom of Base slab.
h1/2 = 6.780 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 2.46 x 6.78
DL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 16.679 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to DL = 1.36 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Effective Width of the Load Distribution on Return
wall = B+2D
= (4.48 + (2x6.69))
= 17.860 m
Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = ((V) x h1 x Ka) / (B+2*D)
= ((5.288) x 5.01 x 0.861) / (17.86)
= 1.277 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of h1/2 from Top of Base slab.
h1/2 = 2.505 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge = 2.847 T.m
Dynamic increment for seismic case
Ca for stability check = 0.384
Ca for stem design = 1.301
for Stability:
As per Cl.5.12.6.3., IRS, Bridge Substructure & Foundation Code)
Earth pressure due to DL (Seismic) = 3.503 T
Dyn. Inc. in Earth Pressure due to DL Surcharge, P = 0.693 T
for stability check
This pressure acts at an angle = 29.00°
Horz. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.61 T
Vert. component of Earth pressure due to DL
Surcharge = 0.34 T
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 8.950 m
Moment due to Horz. comp. Earth Pressure due to = 0.61 x 8.9496
LL Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 5.459 T.m
Moment due to Vert. comp. Earth Pressure due to LL = 0.34 x 0
Surcharge (P) about 'A' = 0 T.m
Stem:
Earth Pressure due to LL Surcharge(seismic) = 1.864 T
Dynamic increment = 0.587 T
This pressure acts at an angle = 27.13°
This Pressure can be assumed to be acting at a distance of 0.66*h1 from Top of Base slab.
0.66*h1 = 3.307 m
Moment due to Earth Pressure due to LL
Surcharge(dyn incr) = 1.942 T.m
592
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(4) Stability Calculations (without soil, self standing) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.53 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.3125 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.3125 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.9375 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
Total ΣW = 84.031 ΣM = 487.194 ΣM' = 369.923
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.402 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.698 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(5) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.53 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.3125 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.3125 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.9375 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 354.246
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 62.650 1.0 318.471 -318.471
Total ΣW = 269.261 ΣM = 1279.932 ΣM' = 1466.532
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 5.447 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.347 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
593
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1785.000 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 318.471 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1785/318.471
= 5.605 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(5b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 62.650 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 269.261 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 134.631 T
Factor of Safety = 134.631/62.65
= 2.149 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Revised FOS = (134.631+24.37)/62.65
= 2.54 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 19.495 T/m2
2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 41.608 T/m
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 86.638
Active Pressure Pa = 62.650 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 273.611 T
μxW = 136.8055 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.956 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(5c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 269.261 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.347 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (269.261/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.347/10.2))
= 31.786 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (269.261/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.347/10.2))
2
= 21.010 T/m
594
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(5d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 31.162 Stem 22.638 Heel σmin
31.786 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 21.010
29.15 26.292
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(6) Stability Calculations (Without Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 354.246
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.570 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 87.414
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 62.650 1.0 318.471 -318.471
Fx' 15.460
Dynamic increment 1.0 117.883 -117.883
W1 Seismic Mass 0.400 1.0 7.53 3.012 -3.012
W1' Seismic Mass 2.480 1.0 6.2 15.376 -15.376
W3 Seismic Mass 7.950 1.0 7.53 59.864 -59.864
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.990 1.0 8.85 17.612 -17.612
Total ΣW = 277.831 ΣM = 1493.678 ΣM' = 1340.200
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.824 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.276 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
595
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1872.420 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 532.220 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1872.42/532.22
= 3.518 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
(6b) Check for Sliding :- SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 90.930 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 277.831 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 138.916 T
Factor of Safety = 138.916/90.93
= 1.528 > 1.25, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.83 T
Revised FOS = (138.916+24.37+-1.83)/90.93
= 1.78 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 18.030 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key Pp2 = 38.482 T/m2
Net passive pressure below founding level Pp = 80.127 T
Active Pressure Pa = 90.930 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 282.181 T
μxW = 141.0905 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.681 > 1.25, Hence Safe
(6c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 277.831 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.276 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (277.831/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.276/10.2))
= 31.661 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (277.831/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.276/10.2))
= 22.816 T/m2
596
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(6d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 31.149 Stem 24.152 Heel σmin
31.661 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 22.816
29.49 27.152
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(7) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & without Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Dist.
Load Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) from Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor m
'A'
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 354.246
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
W6 LL Surcharge 4.563 1.0 2.500 11.408 7.700 35.137
DL Surcharge 1.480 1.0 2.500 3.701 7.700 11.399
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 40.494
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.360 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 13.872
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 62.650 1.0 318.471 -318.471
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.160 1.0 6.410 45.896 -45.896
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.460 1.0 6.780 16.679 -16.679
Total ΣW = 280.635 ΣM = 1357.615 ΣM' = 1504.860
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 5.362 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.262 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
597
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1885.910 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 381.050 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1885.91/381.05
= 4.949 > 2, Hence Safe
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(7b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 72.270 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 280.635 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 140.318 T
Factor of Safety = 140.318/72.27
= 1.942 > 1.5, Hence Safe
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Revised FOS = (140.318+24.37)/72.27
= 2.28 > 1.5, Hence Safe
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 19.495 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 41.608
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 86.638
Active Pressure Pa = 72.270 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 284.985 T
μxW = 142.4925 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 3.508 > 1.5, Hence Safe
(7c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 280.635 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.262 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (280.635/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.262/10.2))
2
= 31.754 T/m Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (280.635/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.262/10.2))
2
= 23.273 T/m
598
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(7d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 31.263 Stem 24.554 Heel σmin
31.754 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 23.273
29.68 27.430
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(8) Stability Calculations (With Surcharge & with Dynamic increment) :-
Pressure distribution at the base is computed by calculating the various forces acting and taking moments of all
forces about the Toe Point "B".
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) Moment in T.m Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.0 7.600 30.210 2.600 10.335
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.0 6.667 165.625 3.533 87.781
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.0 5.100 39.015 5.100 39.015
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.0 8.533 45.333 1.667 8.854
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.0 3.333 67.708 6.867 139.479
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.0 6.350 139.303 3.850 84.459
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.0 2.500 198.750 7.700 612.150
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.0 1.667 27.083 8.533 138.667
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.0 5.833 115.938 4.367 86.788
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 354.246
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.570 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 87.414
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.0 2.500 70.313 7.700 216.563
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 6.750 1.0 9.212 62.183 0.988 6.667
W6 LL Surcharge 4.563 1.0 2.500 11.408 7.700 35.137
DL Surcharge 1.480 1.0 2.500 3.701 7.700 11.399
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.970 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 40.494
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.360 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 13.872
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.340 1.0 0.000 0.000 10.200 3.468
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 62.650 1.0 318.471 -318.471
Fx' Dynamic increment 15.460 1.0 117.883 -117.883
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.160 1.0 6.410 45.896 -45.896
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.0 8.461 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.460 1.0 6.780 16.679 -16.679
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.610 1.0 8.950 5.459 -5.459
W1 Seismic Mass 0.4 1.0 3.012 -3.012
W1' Seismic Mass 2.48 1.0 15.376 -15.376
W3 Seismic Mass 7.95 1.0 59.8635 -59.864
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.99 1.0 17.6115 -17.612
Total ΣW = 289.545 ΣM = 1576.821 ΣM' = 1376.536
599
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM' / ΣW
= 4.754 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.346 m
b/6 = 1.700 m
e < (b/6), Hence Safe
(8a) Check for Over Turning :-
Total Stablizing moment, ΣM' = 1976.790 T.m
Total Overturning moment = 600.250 T.m
Factor of Safety = 1976.79/600.25
= 3.293 > 1.5, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
(8b) Check for Sliding :-
Lateral Earth Pressure, Fx = 101.160 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 289.545 T
Co-efficient of friction, μ = tan (Ø) = 0.500
μxW = 144.773 T
Factor of Safety = 144.773/101.16
= 1.431 > 1.25, Hence Safe
for Seismic case
as per IRS Bridge
SubStructure & Foundation
Code, Cl 6.8.1
Passsive pressure calc.
Height of soil in front of Wall = 2.500 m
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure = 24.370 T
Horizontal Load due to Passive pressure (Seismic) = -1.83 T
Revised FOS = (144.773+24.37+-1.83)/101.16
= 1.653944 > 1.25, Hence Safe
1.450
1.200
Assume shear key of 1450 x 1200 hp = 5.336 m
passive pressure at founding level Pp1 = 38.482 T/m2
passive pressure at bottom of shear key T/m2
Pp2 = 38.482
Net passive pressure below founding level T
Pp = 109.125
Active Pressure Pa = 101.160 T
Self Weight of the shear key = 4.35 T
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 293.895 T
μxW = 146.9475 T
Factor of Safety after Providing Shear Key = 2.754 > 1.25, Hence Safe
600
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(8c) Check for Bearing Pressure :-
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 289.545 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.346 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (289.545/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.346/10.2))
= 34.164 T/m2 Minimum Required
Bearing Pressure
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (289.545/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.346/10.2))
= 22.609 T/m2
(8d) Bearing Pressure Diagram for SLS Case:-
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 33.494 Stem 24.355 Heel σmin
34.164 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 22.609
31.33 28.273
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(9) Load Combinations for ULS Case
Load
Load Factors (ULS MOMENT)
Comb.
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 REMARKS
100 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 1.7 MAX V + MAX H
101 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - - MAX V + MIN H
102 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 1.7 MIN V + MAX H
103 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - 1.7 - MIN V + PARTIAL H
104 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 1.7 - MAX V + PARTIAL H
105 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 - - 1.7 MIN V + PARTIAL H
106 1.25 1.7 2 1.7 1.75 - 1.7 MAX V + PARTIAL H
601
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(9a) ULS (Seismic) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.25 7.600 4.969 2.600 12.919
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.25 6.667 31.055 3.533 109.727
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.25 5.100 9.563 5.100 48.769
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.25 8.533 6.641 1.667 11.068
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.25 3.333 25.391 6.867 174.349
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.25 6.350 27.422 3.850 105.574
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.70 2.500 135.150 7.700 1040.655
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.70 1.667 27.625 8.533 235.733
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.70 5.833 33.788 4.367 147.539
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.70 0.000 59.041 10.200 602.218
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.570 1.25 0.000 10.713 10.200 109.268
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 1.70 2.500 47.813 7.700 368.156
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 6.750 1.70 9.212 11.475 0.988 11.333
W6 LL Surcharge 4.563 1.70 2.500 7.758 7.700 59.733
DL Surcharge 1.480 1.70 2.500 2.517 7.700 19.378
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.970 1.70 0.000 6.749 10.200 68.840
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.360 1.70 0.000 2.312 10.200 23.582
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.340 1.25 0.000 0.425 10.200 4.335
IRC loading 6.000 1.70 8.950 10.200 1.250 12.750
Horizontal Loads
62.650
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 1.70 106.505 -541.401
Fx' Dynamic increment 15.460 1.25 19.325 -147.354
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.160 1.70 6.410 12.172 -78.023
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 1.25 8.461 0.000 0.000
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.460 1.70 6.780 4.182 -28.354
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.610 1.25 8.950 0.763 -6.824
W1 Seismic Mass 0.400 1.25 0.500 -3.765
W1' Seismic Mass 2.480 1.25 3.100 -19.220
W3 Seismic Mass 7.950 1.25 9.938 -74.829
W3'' Seismic Mass 1.990 1.25 2.488 -22.014
ΣW 460.603 ΣM' 2244.142
Vertical load on heel = 330.18 T
Vertical load on toe = 30.66 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 4.872 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = -0.228 m
602
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 460.603 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = -0.228 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (460.602806620941/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.228/10.2))
= 51.214 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (460.602806620941/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.228/10.2))
= 39.101 T/m2
(9b) ULS (Normal) Case
Load Dist. Dist. from 'B' in
Load Calculation Load (T) ULS load (T) Moment in T.m
Factor from 'A' m
Vertical Loads
W1 2.5 x 0.2 x 7.95 x 1.0 3.975 1.25 7.600 4.969 2.600 12.919
W1' 2.5 x 2.5 x 7.95 x 1.0x0.5 24.844 1.25 6.667 31.055 3.533 109.727
W2 2.5 x 10.2 x 0.3 x 1.0 7.650 1.25 5.100 9.563 5.100 48.769
W2' 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 1.25 8.533 6.641 1.667 11.068
W2'' 2.5x0.5x5x3.25 20.313 1.25 3.333 25.391 6.867 174.349
W2''' 2.5x2.7x1x3.25 21.938 1.25 6.350 27.422 3.850 105.574
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 1.70 2.500 135.150 7.700 1040.655
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 1.70 1.667 27.625 8.533 235.733
W3'' 2x0.5x2.5x7.85 19.875 1.70 5.833 33.788 4.367 147.539
Fy Earth pressure 34.730 1.70 0.000 59.041 10.200 602.218
28.125
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 1.70 2.500 47.813 7.700 368.156
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 1.70 0.000 0.000 10.200 0.000
6.750
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 1.70 9.212 11.475 0.988 11.333
W6 LL Surcharge 4.563 1.70 2.500 7.758 7.700 59.733
DL Surcharge 1.480 1.70 2.500 2.517 7.700 19.378
3.970 1.70 68.840
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 0.000 6.749 10.200
1.360
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.70 0.000 2.312 10.200 23.582
IRC loading 6.000 1.700 8.950 10.200 1.250 12.750
Horizontal Loads
Fx Lateral Earth pressure 62.650 1.70 106.505 -541.401
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 7.160 1.70 6.410 12.172 -78.023
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 2.460 1.70 6.780 4.182 -28.354
ΣW 449.465 ΣM' 2404.547
Vertical load on heel = 315.92 T
Vertical load on toe = 30.66 T
Distance of the Point of application of the resultant force
from Point "B" Z = ΣM'/ ΣW
= 5.350 m
Eccentricity, e = Z - b/2 = 0.25 m
603
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Total Vertical load, ΣW = 449.470 T
Base Width, b = 10.200 m
Eccentricity, e = 0.250 m
Base Pressure, σ = W 6e
1
b b
Maximum Base Pressure, σ max. = (449.47/10.2) x (1+(6 x 0.25/10.2))
= 50.546 T/m2
Minimum Base Pressure, σ min. = (449.47/10.2) x (1-(6 x 0.25/10.2))
= 37.585 T/m2
Max. Base Pressure of above cases = 51.214 T/m2
Since the base pressure in Case 8(a) is critical, it is adopted for futher calculation.
10.20
2.50 2.70 5.00
σmax Toe 50.512 Stem 40.931 Heel σmin
51.214 (at deff. Crtical Section) (at deff. Crtical Section) 39.101
48.25 45.039
(Note: At deff. Crtical Section - The Effective Section for Shear from the face of the Stem.)
(10) Design of Stem :-
H = 7.950 m
Ka (stem) = 0.861
Ca (stem) = 1.301
Active Earth Pressure (2x0.861x7.95 ^2 )/2 = 54.42 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx 54.4173525x Cos (27.13) = 48.43 T
Force Acting at a distance H/3 = 2.65 m
Moment due to Fx = 128.34 T.m
Active Earth Pressure due to dynamic increment = 27.81 T
Horizontal Component,
Fx' 27.8091x Cos (27.13) = 24.75 T
Force Acting at a distance 0.66*h1 = 5.25 m
Moment due to Fx' = 129.86 T.m
Total Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 258.20 T.m
Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.70
Load Factor for Seismic case = 1.25
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 1.7 x 128.34 + 1.25 x 129.86
Total Factored Moment due to Fx and Fx' = 380.50 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL surcharge = 6.37 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to LL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 0.00 T.m
604
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL surcharge = 2.85 T.m
Moment due to earth pressure due to DL
surcharge(Dyn. Incr.) = 1.94 T.m
Factored moment due to DL & LL surcharge = 18.10 T.m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem at bottom = 2.700 m
(D is considered up to face of stem)
Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 0.4x3.98 + 2.48x2.65 + 7.95x3.98 + 1.99x5.3
= 50.352 Tm
Factored Moment due to seismic force acting on stem = 62.940 Tm
Factored Moment, Mu = 380.503 + 18.1049735350547 + 62.94
= 461.55 T.m
= 4527.786 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (4527.786/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 929 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2634 mm > 929 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 2493.577 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 2493.577 2502.300 lesser
Ast = 4174 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2634
= 5268 mm²
Hence Ast required = 5268 mm²
Inner Face (Earth Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2634
= 3161 mm²
Distribution
Provide 25 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3272 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
605
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Curtailment length check
Curtailment length provided hL, = 1900 mm
h = 6.05 m
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Lateral earth
pressure = 554.87 kNm Ph1
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (EP) = 425.34 kNm h1= 6.05
h1/3
Maximum moment at section x-x due to LL
h=
surcharge = 19.27 kNm 8.0
x x
Maximum moment at section x-x due to DL
Ka.ϒ.h1
surcharge = 10.76 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic
Increment (LL) = 0.00 kNm
Maximum moment at section x-x due to Dynamic hL= 1.90
Increment moment
Maximum (DL) at section x-x due to seismic = 6.53 kNm
force on stem = 26.76 kNm
Ka.ϒ.h
Total Factored Moment at x-x = 1567.63 kNm
Curtailment length + Ld = 3564.00 mm
Thickness of Stem at section x-x = 2.103 m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Stem required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1567.63/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 546.000 mm
Effective depth of Stem provided = 2036.516 mm > 546 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(1.1fyAs/(fckbd))x d
= 1966.304 (or) 0.95d whichever is
= 1934.690 1934.689937 lesser
Ast = 1862.700 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 2037
= 4073.000 mm²
Hence Ast required = 4073.000 mm²
Ast Provided = 4468.000 mm² Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required for Vertical = 0.0012 x 1000 x 2634
= 3161 mm²
Hence Ast required for Distribution on Non-Earth
Side = 3161 mm²
Outer face (Other Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution(Other Side)
Provide 25 dia @ 150 mm c/c
0 dia @ 280 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 3272 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
606
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 2.634 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.872 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 21.655 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.066 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.144 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.539 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.248 T
Seismic force on stem = 7.581 T
shear force at the section = 42.233 T
Factored shear force at the section = 63.29 T
= 620.91 kN
Eff. Depth considered = 1.806 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.34 Mpa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa 4.44 Mpa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.41 Mpa
As per Cl.15.5.4-IRS CBC-
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 8 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 150 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
2
Asv = 140.61 mm
2
Reinforcement Provided = 335.10 mm
Provide 8 Dia. bar at 150 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
607
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 2.63 m
Thickness at section considered = 1.872 m
Lateral Earth pressure(active) = 21.655 T
Lateral Earth pressure(dynamic increment) = 11.066 T
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge) = 1.144 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge) = 0.539
Lateral Earth pressure(LL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.000 T
Lateral Earth pressure(DL surcharge, dyn incr) = 0.248
Seismic force on stem = 7.581 T
shear force at the section = 42.233 T
Factored shear force at the section = 63.29 T
= 620.91 kN
H = 5.32
effective depth considered = 1.81 m
v = 0.34 Mpa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.73 Mpa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.56 Mpa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.41 Mpa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
(11) Design of Heel Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load
Load Calculation from Moment in T.m Load Factors ULS Moment
in T 'D'
W3 2 x 5 x 7.85 x 1.0 79.500 2.500 198.750 1.7 337.88
W3' 2x0.5x5x3.25 16.250 3.333 54.167 1.7 92.08
W4 2 x 0.5 x 7.5 x 3.75 x 1 28.125 2.500 70.313 1.7 119.53
W4' 2 x 0 x 3.75 x 1 0.000 5.000 0.000 1.7 0.00
Fy Force due to EP 34.730 5.000 173.650 1.7 295.21
Fy' Dynamic increment 8.570 5.000 42.850 1.25 53.56
2.5 x 5 x 0.3 x 1.0 3.750 2.500 9.375 1.25 11.72
Self
Weight 1.25 42.32
2.5x0.5 x 5 x 3.25 x 1.0 20.313 1.667 33.854
39.101 x 5 x 1.0 195.505 2.500 488.763 - -488.76
σ-
Upward - -24.75
0.5 x 5.94 x 5 x 1.0 14.845 1.667 24.747
W6 LL Surcharge 4.563 2.500 11.408 1.7 19.39
DL Surcharge 1.480 2.500 3.701 1.7 6.29
1.7 33.75
Lat. Earth pressure (LL) 3.970 5.000 19.850
1.25 0.00
Dynamic increment (LL) 0.000 5.000 0.000
1.7 11.56
Lat. Earth pressure (DL) 1.360 5.000 6.800
1.25 2.13
Dynamic increment (DL) 0.340 5.000 1.700
Total for Ka=0.308 511.900
= 511.900 T.m
= 5021.742 kN.m
608
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (5021.742/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 978 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 3459 mm > 978 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 3318.577 (or) 3286.050 whichever is
= 3286.050 lesser
Ast = 3513 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 3459
= 6918 mm²
Hence Ast required = 6918 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3459
= 4151 mm²
Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution Bar (Top)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 3459
= 4151 mm²
Distribution Bar (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4233 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
609
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 3.4590 m
shear force at the section = 40.10 T
= 393.347 kN
effective depth at section considered = 1.2107 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.32 MPa
Vmax is minimum of 0.75√fck or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.80 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.51 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 112.1006
Reinforcement Provided = 413.37
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be
provided from the face = 4.4000 m
effective depth considered = 0.599 m
Shear force at the section considered = 15.947 T
= 156.440 kN
v = 0.261 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.96
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.807 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.772 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
610
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(12) Design of Toe Slab :-
Dist.
Magnitude of load from Load Factors ULS Moment
Load Calculation in T 'C' Moment in T.m
W5 2x2.5x(2.2+0.5)x0.5x1.0 6.750 0.99 6.667 1.7 11.3339
IRC 6.000 1.25 7.500 1.7 12.75
Self 2.5 x 2.5 x 0.3 x 1.0 1.875 1.25 2.344 1.25 2.93
Weight 2.5x0.5x2.5x1.7 5.313 0.83 4.427 1.25 5.534
σ- 48.245 x 2.5 120.613 1.25 150.766 - -150.766
Upward 0.5 x 2.97 x 2.5 3.711 1.67 6.187 - -6.187
ΣM = -124.405
Factored Moment, Mu = 124.405 T.m
= 1220.416 kN.m
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (1220.416/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= 482 mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1909 mm > 482 Hence Safe
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 1838.789 (or) 1813.550 whichever is
= 1813.550 lesser
Ast = 1547 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 0.002 x 1000 x 1909
= 3818 mm²
Hence Ast required = 3818 mm²
Main Reinforcement (Bottom)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
0 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.9.4.2
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1909
= 2291 mm²
Top Reinforcement
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 4468 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution (Bottom)
Provide 25 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2584 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
Hence Ast required = 0.0012 x 1000 x 1909
= 2291 mm²
Distribution (Top)
Provide 25 dia @ 190 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 2584 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
611
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Check for Shear
Distance "d" from the face for shear force = 1.909 m
shear force at the section = 22.812 T
= 223.787 kN
effective depth at section considered = 0.611 m
v, is the shear stress v=Vu/bd = 0.37 MPa
Vmax is minimum 0.75√fck
of or 4.75 Mpa = 4.44 MPa
v<vmax Hence Section is OK
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 0.95 MPa
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.64 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.61 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
If shear reinforcement is required , refer the below calculation
Diameter of the link provided = 10 mm
Spacing of rods shall not exceed 0.75d or 450 = 450 mm
Spacing of rod provided = 190 mm
Refer Table-14,IRS Concrete Bridge Code-Page 53
Area of shear to be provided reinforcement
Asv = bsv (v+0.4-svc) / (0.87 fyv)
Asv = 84.63737
Reinforcement Provided = 436.33
Provide 10 Dia. bar at 190 mm x180 mm
Shear Reinforcement not Required
Distance upto the shear links has to be provided
Assumed length upto which shear links to be provided from = the face
2.200 m
effective depth considered = 0.413 m
Shear force at the section considered = 11.632 T
= 114.107 kN
v = 0.276 MPa
s,is the depth factor (table 16-IRS CBC) (500/d)^(1/4) = 1.05
or 0.7
vc, is the ultimate shear stress in concrete
As per Cl.15.4.3.1-IRS CBC
vc = (0.27/Ym) (100AS/bwd)1/3 (fck)1/3 = 0.725 MPa
Where Ym is taken as 1.25 and fck shall not exceed 40.
svc = 0.761 MPa
Shear Reinforcement not Required
612
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
(13) Design of Shear Key :-
Passive Pressure acting on the shear key = 109.13 T
Active Pressure = 101.16 T
Net force acting on shear key = -7.97 T
Vu =
Actual Force to be resisted by Shear key -7.97 T
Factored B.M at the top of shear key M = -193 kNm
Thickness of shear key = 1200 mm
Effective depth of Slab required = Sqrt (Mu/0.15 x fck x b)
= Sqrt (-192.607951230016/ 0.15 x 35 x 1000)
= #NUM! mm
Effective depth of Slab provided = 1109 mm #NUM!
Refering to IRS Concrete Bridge Code, Clause15.4.2.2.1
Mu = 0.87fy Ast Z
Z = Lever Arm = (1-(((1.1fyAs)/(fckbd)) x d)) or 0.95d whichever is less
= 969 (or) 1053.55 which ever is lesser
= 969
Ast Required = -457 mm²
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.200 %bd
= 2218 mm²
Hence Ast required = 2218 mm²
Main Reinforcement (tension Side)
Provide 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c + 32 dia @ 180 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 8936 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Reinforcement on other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1331 mm²
Ast Provided = 8936 mm²
Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Tension side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1331 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 150 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 150 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1340 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1340 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
Distribution on Other side
Minimum Ast to be provided = 0.120 %bd
= 1330.8 mm²
Required Spacing of bar = 150 mm
Provided Spacing of bar = 150 mm Safe
Provided Ast = 1340 mm²
Provide 16 dia @ 150 mm c/c
(Ast provided = 1340 mm²) Hence Ast provided is OK
613
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Fx 48.43 2.65 128.3 1.0 128.34
Fx' 24.75 5.25 129.9 1.0 129.86
Lat. Earth pressure
2.492 1.0 2.49
(LL)
Lat. Earth pressure
1.253 1.2 1.50
(DL)
LL surcharge (dyn
0.000 1.0 0.00
incr)
DL surcharge (dyn
0.854 1.2 1.03
incr)
Seismic force 50.35 1.0 50.35
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for stress check
Load Factors (SLS Moment) for Crack width check
Load moment( Load moment(
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. kNm) Comb. kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 1298.2 50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 3076.1
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 1273.8 51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 3051.7
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 1298.2 52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 3076.1
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 1298.2 53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 3076.1
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 1298.2 54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 3076.1
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 1273.8 55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 3051.7
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 1273.8 56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 3051.7
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
Where,
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / ( D- xbut
) not greater than e1
Maximum Span moment for crackwidth check = 1298.21 kNm
Maximum Span moment for stress check = 3076.14 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1298.206 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
614
Depth of section, D = 2700 mm
Effective depth, d = 2634.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1298.21 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0034
ρm = 0.0034 x 8 = 0.0272
k = 0.208
x = 547.88 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×547.88^3)/3)+((8×8936×(2634-547.88)^2)) = 4E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 140 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.61 < 17.5 SAFE
For crackwidth, fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 59 acr = 63.882 mm
fc = M x / Icr = 1.94
ε1 = =
((2700-547.88)/(2634-547.88))×(59.20758063/200000) 0.00031 mm
εs = 0.0003×((2634-547.88)/(2700-547.88)) = 0.00030 mm
εm = 0.0003-((((3.8×1000×2700×(2700- = -0.003511 mm
547.88)))/(0.0003×8936×(2700-547.88)))×(1- εm = -0.00351 mm
(0.0010/1298.2058))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×63.88×-0.004)/(1+2×(63.88-50)/(2700-547.88)) = -0.665 mm
Allowable Crack Width = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
615
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Heel Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Load Factor SLS Moment
Distance Moment
Self weight of
3.75 2.50 9.375 1.0 9.38
slab
20.31 1.67 33.85 1.0 33.85
W3 79.50 2.50 198.8 1.0 198.75
W3' 16.25 3.33 54.17 1.0 54.17
W4 28.13 2.50 70.31 1.0 70.31
W4' 0.00 5.00 0.000 1.0 0.00
LL
W6 3.57 2.50 8.913 1.0 8.91
Surcharge
DL
1.16 2.50 2.892 1.0 2.89
Surcharge
Lat. Earth
4.22 5.00 21.10 1.0 21.10
pressure (LL)
Dynamic
0.00 5.00 0.000 1.0 0.00
increment (LL)
Lat. Earth
1.46 5.00 7.300 1.0 7.30
pressure (DL)
Dynamic
1.07 5.00 5.350 1.0 5.35
increment (DL)
Fy 66.97 5.00 334.9 1.0 334.85
Fy' 49.27 5.00 246.4 1.0 246.35
σ 7.52 2.50 18.80 1.0 18.80
83.36 1.67 138.9 1.0 138.93
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment(kN
DL EP SIDL DLS LL LLS1 LLS2 Remarks
Comb. m)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH 8196.09
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH 8196.09
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH 8196.09
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH 8196.09
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH 8196.09
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH 8196.09
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH 8196.09
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 8196.09 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 8196.090 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
616
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 32 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3550 mm
Effective depth, d = 3459.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 8196.09 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 90.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0026
ρm = 0.0026 x 8 = 0.0208
k = 0.185
x = 639.92 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×639.92^3)/3)+((8×8936×(3459-639.92)^2)) = 7E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : f st < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 282 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 8.00 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 85.519 mm
ε1 = ((3550-639.92)/(3459-639.92))×(281.9976009/200000) = 0.00146 mm
εs = 0.0015×((3459-639.92)/(3550-639.92)) = 0.00141 mm
εm = 0.0015-((((3.8×1000×3550×(3550- = 0.0003926 mm
639.92)))/(0.0014×8936×(3550-639.92)))×(1- εm = 0.00039 mm
(0.0010/8196.0900))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×85.52×0.000)/(1+2×(85.52-75)/(3550-639.92)) = 0.101 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
617
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Toe Slab
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
SLS Load Calculation
Magnitude Distance Moment Load Factor SLS Moment
Self weight of
1.88 1.25 2.344 1.0 2.34
slab
5.31 0.83 4.427 1.0 4.43
W5 6.75 0.99 6.67 1.0 6.67
IRC 6.00 1.25 7.50 1.0 7.50
σ 132.13 1.25 165.2 1.0 -165.16
20.84 1.67 34.73 1.0 -34.73
Load Factors (SLS Moment)
Load moment
DL EP SIDLDLS LL LLS1LLS2 Remarks
Comb. (kNm)
50 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 MAXV+MAXH -1755.58
51 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - - MAXV+MINH -1755.58
52 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 MINV+MAXH -1755.58
53 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - 1.0 - MINV+PARTH -1755.58
54 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 - MAXV+PARTH -1755.58
55 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 - - 1.0 MINV+PARTH -1755.58
56 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 - 1.0 MAXV+PARTH -1755.58
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / but
( D- not
x ) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 1755.58 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1755.581 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm2
2
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 3550 mm
Effective depth, d = 1909.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1755.58 kNm
2
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0013
ρm = 0.0013 x 8 = 0.0104
k = 0.135
x = 257.72 mm
618
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×257.72^3)/3)+((8×4468×(1909-257.72)^2)) = 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 225 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 4.39 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 117.154 mm
ε1 = ((3550-257.72)/(1909-257.72))×(224.7907042/200000) = 0.00225 mm
εs = 0.0023×((1909-257.72)/(3550-257.72)) = 0.00113 mm
εm = 0.0023-((((3.8×1000×3550×(3550- = -0.000425 mm
257.72)))/(0.0011×4468×(3550-257.72)))×(1- εm = -0.00043 mm
(0.0010/1755.5813))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×117.15×0.000)/(1+2×(117.15-75)/(3550-257.72)) = -0.146 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
619
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for Stem at Sec x-x
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 but
/ ( D- x )greater than e1
not
Maximum Span moment = 1015.17 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1015.169 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 66 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 50 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 2103 mm
Effective depth, d = 2036.52 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1015.17 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 4468.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
Spacing = 180.00 mm
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0022
ρm = 0.0022 x 8 = 0.0176
k = 0.171
x = 348.25 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×348.25^3)/3)+((8×4468×(2036.515723-348.25)^2))= 1E+11 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 118 < 375 SAFE
fc = M x / Icr = 3.05 < 17.5 SAFE
acr = 102.957 mm
ε1 = ((2102.515723-348.25)/(2036.515723-348.25))×(118.2416779/200000) = 0.00062 mm
εs = 0.0006×((2036.515723-348.25)/(2102.515723-348.25)) = 0.00060 mm
εm = 0.0006-((((3.8×1000×2102.515723×(2102.515723- = -0.002377 mm
348.25)))/(0.0006×4468×(2102.515723-348.25)))×(1- εm = -0.00238 mm
(0.0010/1015.1686))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×102.96×-0.002)/(1+2×(102.96-50)/(2102.515723-348.25)) = -0.693 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Uncracked
Hence the reinforcement can be curtailed @ 1.9 m from top of base slab
620
Project WDFC PACKAGE - CTP 11
Part of Structure DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL - TYPE - RW72 Job Ref
7061466
Designed by Checked by Approved by
JJ SN PSH
Stress Check and Crack width Check for shear key
Check for Stresses and crack width (SLS condition)
Design surface crack width as per Cl.15.9.8.1,IRS CBC
Wcr = (3acr em) / ((1 + 2 (acr - Cnom)) / (h-dc)
Where,εm = ε1 - ((3.8 bth (a'-dc) / εs As (h-dc)) x (1 - Mq / Mg) x 10-9
ε1 = (D-x) fst / (d-x) Es
εs = ( d -x ) e1 / (but
D- xnot
) greater than e1
Maximum Span moment = 1786.38 kNm
Moment due to Dead load, Mg = 1786.383 kNm
Moment due to Live load, Mq = 0.0010 kNm
Grade of Concrete, fck = 35 N/mm2
2
Grade of Steel, fy = 500 N/mm
Youngs Modulus of Steel, Es = 200000 N/mm2
Dia of the bar-1, db1 = 32 mm
Dia of the bar-2, db2 = 0 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Cover, dc = 91 mm
Minimum cover to longitudinar bar, Cmin = 75 mm
Width of section,b = 1000 mm
Depth of section, D = 1200 mm
Effective depth, d = 1109.00 mm
Service Bending Moment = 1786.38 kNm
Area of steel in tension = 8936.00 mm2
Modular Ratio Cl.5.2.6 IRS CBC , m = 280 / fck = 8.00
x = kd
k = (√2(ρm)+(ρm)2) - (ρm)
ρ = Pt / 100 = 0.0075
ρm = 0.0075 x 8 = 0.06
k = 0.292
x = 323.83 mm
Icr = (bx3 / 3) + m Ast (d-x)2)
Icr = =((1000×323.83^3)/3)+((8×8936×(1109-323.83)^2)) = 6E+10 mm4
Tensile Stress in steel under service loads : fst < 0.75fy & stress in concrete fc < 0.5 fck (as per IRS-CBC)
fst = m M ( d-x ) / Icr = 203 < 375 Safe
fc = M x / Icr = 10.44 < 17.5 Safe
acr = 87.465 mm
ε1 = ((1200-323.83)/(1109-323.83))×(202.5752499/200000) = 0.00114 mm
εs = 0.0011×((1109-323.83)/(1200-323.83)) = 0.00102 mm
εm = 0.0011-((((3.8×1000×1200×(1200- = 0.0006405 mm
323.83)))/(0.0010×8936×(1200-323.83)))×(1- εm = 0.00064 mm
(0.0010/1786.3832))×10^(-9))
W cr =(3×87.47×0.001)/(1+2×(87.47-75)/(1200-323.83)) = 0.164 mm
Allowable Crack Width check = 0.2 mm
Crack width is within allowble limit
621
Defection check for retaining wall
A A= 200 mm
B= 2700 mm
height above the base
H= 7950 mm slab
H H
Considering the stem to deflect like a cantlever subjected to uniformly varying load
The earth pressure has been considered to act laterally over the stem to cause deflection
The thickness at the top of stem = 200 mm
The thickness at the bottom of stem = 2700 mm
The height of the retaining wall above the GL = 7950 mm
The modulus of elasticity E = 29500 N/mm2
Moment of inertia for the stem about the vertical axis = (H*(A+B)*(A2 +7B2 ))/48
= 2.45296E+13 mm4
Earth pressure due to surcharge loading (dynamic included) = 0.017196025 N/mm
Depth at which earth pressure acts = 7950 mm
The lateral loading due to earth pressure (dynamic included) = 0.206847742 N/mm
Deflection at top of retaining wall = 4 W l4 W l3
Wl surch
arge surch
arge
* (l a)
30*E*I 8EI 6EI
= 4.99273E-05 mm
The permissible deflection as per IS 456-2000 Cl 23.2.a = 31.8 mm
Since the permissible deflection is more than the deflection due to lateral forces,
the wall is safe in deflection.
622
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