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Tabular Method of Describing The Relationship Between 2 Nominal Variables

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Amethyst Chiong
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30 views

Tabular Method of Describing The Relationship Between 2 Nominal Variables

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Amethyst Chiong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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TASK #2 BSEd MATH DUE ON 01 MARCH 2021

Tabular method of describing the relationship between 2 nominal variables:

To describe the relationship between 2 nominal variables, we must remember that we are permitted only to determine
the frequency of the values. As a first step, we need to produce a cross-classification table that lists the frequency of
each combination of the values of the 2 variables.

Example: Newspaper Reading Survey

The country has 4 major competing newspapers: Bulletin, Business World, Sunstar, and Inquirer. To help design ad
campaigns, the ad managers of the newspaper need to show which segments of the newspaper market are reading their
papers. A survey was conducted to analyze the relationship between newspapers read and occupation. A sample of
newspaper readers was asked to report which newspaper they read—Bulletin(1), Business World(2), Sunstar(3),
Inquirer(4) and indicate whether they were blue-collar(1), white-collar(2) or professionals(3). The data cross-tab is
shown below:

Table 1. Cross—Classification table of Frequencies


OCCUPATION NEWSPAPER TOTAL
Bulletin Business World Sunstar Inquirer
Blue collar 27 18 38 37 120
White collar 29 43 21 15 108
Professional 33 51 22 20 126
TOTAL 89 112 81 72 354

If occupation and newspaper are related, there will be difference in the newspapers read among the occupations. An
easy way to see this is to convert the frequencies in each row(or column) to relative frequencies in each row(or column).
That is, compute the row(or column) totals and divide each frequency by its row(or column) total, as shown in the next
table. Totals may not equal 1 due to rounding errors.

Taable 2. Cross—Classification table of Row Relative Frequencies


OCCUPATION NEWSPAPER TOTAL
Bulletin Business World Sunstar Inquirer
Blue collar .23 .15 .32 .31 1.0
White collar .27 .4 .19 .14 1.0
Professional .26 .4 .17 .16 1.0
TOTAL .25 .32 .23 .2 1.0

INTERPRETATION:

Notice that the rel. freq. in the second and third rows are nearly similar and that there are large differences between
row 1 and rows 2 and 3. This tells us that blue –collar workers tend to read different newspapers from both white-collar
workers and professionals and that white-collar workers and professionals are quite similar in their newspaper choices.

CHALLENGE/TASK:

Make a graphical (stacked bar chart) of the raw data in table 1 above and examine the bar patterns to see if it is
consistent with the interpretation in the tabular method.

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