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Active and Passive Soil Pressures

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Zerihun mulugeta
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15 views2 pages

Active and Passive Soil Pressures

Uploaded by

Zerihun mulugeta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Active and Passive Soil Pressures

The two theories most commonly used in the calculation of earth pressure are
those of Rankine and Coulomb [lj], [6j].
1- In Rankine's approach, the retaining wall is assumed to yield a sufficient amount to
develop a state of plastic equilibrium in the soil mass at the wall surface. The rest of
the soil remains in the state of elastic equilibrium. The theory applies mainly to a
homogeneous, incompressible, cohesion-less soil and neglects the friction

4 SLIDING & FRICTION ON THE RETAINING WALL BASE


The horizontal component of all forces acting on a retaining wall tends to push the
wall in a horizontal direction. The retaining wall base must be wide enough to resist
the sliding of the wall. The coefficient of friction to be used is that of soil on concrete
for coarse granular soils and the shear strength of cohesive soils [1]. The coefficients
of friction, u, that may be adopted for different types of soil are as follows:
 Coarse-grained soils without silt, µ= 0.55
 Coarse-grained soils with silt, µ= 0.45
 Silt, µ = 0.35
 Sound rock, µ = 0.60
The total frictional force F on the base to resist the sliding effect is
F = µR + Hp (13)
Where µ= the coefficient of friction, R = the vertical force acting on the base,
H
p = passive resisting force
The factor of safety against sliding is:
Factor of Safety = RH
ah  1.5 (14)
FH p 
H


ah
Where, Hah is the horizontal component of the active pressure Ha. The factor of
safety against sliding should not be less than 1.5 if the passive resistance HP is
neglected and should not be less than 2.0 if Hp is taken into consideration.

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