Digital SAT December 2023, Section 1, Module 1 4.

The Krishna River delta system is located in

India, where the river drains into the Bay of
1. The National Heritage Fellowship was created to
Bengal, and is shaped by ______ factors: for
publicly ______ exceptional folk and traditional
example, the geography of the coastline influences
artists in the United States. In 2012, the fellowship
sedimentary deposition, which over time alters
was given to the klezmer musician and composer
coastal geography.
Andy Statman to celebrate his lifetime contributions
to the arts. Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase?
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical and precise word or phrase? A. tenuous Nhỏ, ít
A. recognize B. interdependent
B. familiarize tìm hiểu thêm C. comprehensive Có đầy đủ thông tin một cách toàn
C. convey vận chuyển, truyền (thông tin) D. unyielding diện

D. startle Sự giật mình cứng cỏi, Không chịu khuất phục

5. In the late 1800s, Spanish-language newspapers
nourished in cities across Texas. San Antonio alone
2. The following text is adapted from Kenneth
produced eleven newspapers in Spanish between
Grahame’s 1908 novel The Wind in the Willows.
1890 and 1900. But El Paso surpassed all other
The Mole is dazed after briefly meeting a stranger
cities in the state. This city produced twenty-two
while traveling with a friend.
newspapers in Spanish during that period. El Paso
[The] Mole stood still a moment, held in thought. is located on the border with Mexico and has
As one wakened suddenly from a beautiful dream, always had a large population of Spanish speakers.
who struggles to recall it, and can recapture nothing Thus, it is unsurprising that this city became such a
but a dim sense of the beauty of it, the beauty! Till rich site for Spanish-language journalism.
that, too, fades away in its turn.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the
As used in the text, what does the word “recall” text?
most nearly mean?
A. To compare Spanish-language newspapers
A. Remember published in today with ones published there during
B. Return the late 1800s

C. Activate B. To explain that Spanish-language newspapers

thrived in Texas and especially in El Paso during
D. Overlook the late 1800s
C. To argue that Spanish-language newspapers
3. British painter Peter Edwards is known for his published in El Paso influenced the ones published
portraits of notable figures in different fields, from in San Antonio during the late 1800s
poet Vahe Oshagan to casting director Ruth
Lambert. Widespread admiration of these works D. To explain why Spanish-language newspapers
has helped Edwards gain substantial ______ as an published in Texas were so popular in Mexico
artist. during the late 1800s

Which choice completes the text with the most

logical and precise word or phrase? 6. In Muscogee, an Indigenous language from the
southeastern region of what is now the United
A. sympathy sự đồng cảm States, hopanki means “broken”, whereas
B. assistance hopanhoki is used to refer to two or more broken
things. This phenomenon in which an element of a
C. tolerance
root word is repeated, sometimes with
D. prestige uy tín modification, within another word that is related to
the root word, is called reduplication. In this case,
the element “ho” in hopanki gets repeated in
hopanhoki. There are many examples of this type sap. I sauntered along, forgetful of musty papers, of
of reduplication in Muscogee. the offices, of my chief, my colleagues, my
documents, and thinking of the good things that
Which choice best describes the function of the
were sure to come to me, of all the veiled unknown
underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
contained in the future. A thousand recollections of
A. It emphasizes how frequently reduplication childhood came over me, awakened by these
occurs in Muscogee. country odors, and I walked along, permeated with
B. It acknowledges that Muscogee has some the fragrant, living enchantment, the emotional
important exceptions to the general pattern enchantment of the woods warmed by the sun of
described earlier. June.

C. It provides English translations of the Muscogee Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
words mentioned earlier. A. The narrator is using the quiet of the countryside
D. It elaborates on the discussion of reduplication to help him think about how projects at work could
by explaining how it works in the specific be advantageous for his career.
Muscogee words introduced earlier. B. The narrator forgets to address pressing work
issues because the smells of the countryside distract
7. In a study by Mika R. Moran, Daniel A. him with thoughts of his youth.
Rodriguez, and colleagues, residents of Quito, C. After a brief visit to his childhood home, the
Ecuador, and Montevideo, Uruguay, were surveyed narrator decides to leave his job and return there to
about parks in their cities. Of the 618 respondents live permanently.
from Quito, 82.9% indicated that they use the city’s
D. The narrator’s natural surroundings help him
parks, and of the 617 respondents from
escape his work concerns by prompting hopes
Montevideo, 76.7% indicated using city parks.
about the future and memories of youth.
Given that the percentage of Quito respondents
who reported living within a 10-minute walk of a
park was much lower than that reported by 9. Paris has high pedestrian traffic, but simply
Montevideo respondents, greater proximity alone replicating a feature of Paris associated with
can’t explain the difference in park use. walkability—e.g., its high number of car-free
Which choice best describes the function of the areas—may be insufficient to induce increased
underlined portion in the text as a whole? walking in other cities. As urbanist Mariela
Alfonzo argues, our understanding of individuals’
A. It introduces a counterexample to the scenario decision-making about whether to walk is
described earlier in the text.
insufficiently robust: some studies emphasize the
B. It identifies the nature of a relationship that is role of climate conditions, others the role of
significant to the text’s conclusion. population density, and so on, but walking
C. It provides context to help readers understand decisions are made in complex contexts in which
the scope of the researchers’ survey. multiple conditions and needs inform individuals’
choices.
D. It marks a shift from a discussion of the
researchers’ conclusion to a discussion of their Based on the text, Alfonzo would most likely agree
methods. with which statement about studies of decision-
making about walking?
A. They tend to be misleading because they ignore
8. The following text is from Guy de Maupassant’s
1884 short story “A Recollection,” from the the most important factor influencing walking
collection Guy de Maupassant Short Stories decisions.
(translated by Albert M.C. McMaster et al. in B. They have overstated the extent to which people
1903). The narrator is on a walk in the countryside differ in their decision-making processes regarding
outside of Paris, France. walking.
I walked slowly beneath the young leaves, drinking
in the air, fragrant with the odor of young buds and
C. They would be improved by efforts to identify C. “The birds around me hopp’d and play’d: / Their
the features that cities with high pedestrian traffic thoughts I cannot measure. But the least motion
have in common. which they made, / It seem’d a thrill of pleasure.”
D. They are unlikely to find convincing evidence D. “I heard a thousand blended notes, / While in a
that any single factor consistently predicts walking grove I [sat] reclined, / In that sweet mood when
decisions. pleasant thoughts / Bring sad thoughts to the
mind.”
10.
12. Missing
Total Areas of Five Tribal Nations around the
United States
13. Biologist Rosanna Alegado believes that we
Tribal nation Location Area might learn how multicellular organisms developed
(square
from single-celled ones if we understand why the
miles)
single-celled organism Salpingoeca rosetta, the
Leech Lake Band of Minnesota 1,311 oldest living relative of animals, sometimes forms
Ojibwe
colonies of cells. Alegado and colleagues reviewed
Muscogee Nation Oklahoma 4,867 data from many studies of how S. rosetta responds
Yakama Nation Washington 2,188 when exposed to another type of single-celled
organism, bacteria, including Stefanie van
Crow Tribe Montana 3,606 Trappen’s work with Algoriphagus vanfongensis
Tohono O’odham Nation Arizona 4,453 bacteria and John P. Bowman’s work with
Algoriphagus ratkowskyi bacteria. Alegado and
In terms of total area, the Muscogee Nation is one colleagues concluded that both A. vanfongensis and
of the largest tribal nations in the United States. It A. ratkowskyi might have played a role in the
covers 4,867 square miles in what is now eastern development of multicellular organisms.
Oklahoma. In comparison, the total area of the Which finding, if true, would most directly support
Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe in Minnesota is only Alegado and colleagues’ conclusion?
______
A. S. rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed
A. 3,606 square miles. to A. vanfongensis and when exposed to A.
B. 1,311 square miles. ratkowskyi.

C. 2,188 square miles. B. Although several studies involving other

bacteria species found that S. rosetta tended to
D. 4,453 square miles. form colonies after bacteria exposure, only the
studies using A. vanfongensis and A. ratkowskyi
11. “Lines Written in Early Spring” is a 1798 poem tested whether the amount of bacteria exposure
by William Wordsworth. In the poem, the speaker affected the rate of colony formation.
describes having contradictory feelings while C. S. rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed
experiencing the sights and sounds of a spring day: to A. ratkowskyi but not when exposed to A.
______ vanfongensis.
Which quotation from ‘Lines Written in Early D. S. rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed
Spring” most effectively illustrates the claim? to A. vanfongensis but not when exposed to A.
A. “Through primrose-tufts, in that sweet bower, / ratkowskyi.
The periwinkle trail’d its wreathes; / And ‘tis my
faith that every flower Enjoys the air it breathes.” 14. Missing
B. “The budding twigs spread out their fan, / To
catch the breezy air; / And I must think, do all I 15. The Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health
can, / That there was pleasure there.” (SAGE) examines trends in aging among 66,000
people in multiple countries unfolding over many
years. As is true of most longitudinal studies, this 18. The liquid compounds ethanol (C2H5OH) and
need for years of data collection results in high hexafluorobenzene (C6F6) have molar masses of
costs. By contrast, a relatively straightforward 46.07 and 186.06 ______ mass helps convert
sociology study, such as one that is merely trying to between the mass of the reactants and the mass of
identify the average age at which people in a given the product).
city first become parents, may not need a large
budget because ______ Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
to the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A. longitudinal methods are probably suitable for A. g/mol (respectively, in stoichiometry, molar
the sociology study.
B. it would be easy for SAGE researchers to add B. g/mol, respectively (in stoichiometry, molar
questions to their aging study.
C. g/mol, respectively, (in stoichiometry, molar
C. 66,000 people is more than enough for SAGE to
find trends in aging. D. g/mol. Respectively, in stoichiometry (molar
D. the sociology study can be done well without
years of data collection. 19. Scholars Tammy Kernodle and Paul Austerlitz
have lent their expertise on Black history and music
to an important new project: the Timeline of
16. Oyster mushrooms typically get their nutrients African American Music, a digital ______ through
from the damp logs on which they grow, but the a rich combination of text, images, and music clips,
fungi are also carnivorous, with the ability to kill traces the development of specific musical genres
and consume microscopic worms known as (such as funk and swing).
nematodes. As researcher Yen-Ping Hsueh has
shown, the mushrooms release a toxin that is Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
deadly to nematodes that ______ in contact with it. to the conventions of Standard English?

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms A. resource, that

to the conventions of Standard English? B. resource, that,
A. has come C. resource that,
B. comes D. resource that
C. is coming
D. come 20. In Los Angeles County, California, bicycle
paths such as the Browns Creek bike trail—which
17. Cut, bent, and welded from discarded metal is about 0.91 miles long—have become an
materials, the sculptures of London-based Nigerian increasingly popular means of travel. Moreover,
artist Sokari Douglas Camp are meant to challenge lawyer and cycling ______ has identified several
viewers to consider their own relationships to features of the Los Angeles landscape, like its
material ______ her thought-provoking works in temperate climate and mostly flat roads, that make
the 1985 to 1988 exhibition Alali at the October the city naturally bike-friendly.
Gallery in London were no different. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
to the conventions of Standard English? A. advocate, Ernesto Hernandez-Lopez,
A. wastes B. advocate Ernesto Hernandez-Lopez
B. wastes, C. advocate Ernesto Hernandez-Lopez,
C. wastes; D. advocate, Ernesto Hernandez-Lopez
D. wastes and to
21. Ecologists like David N.M. Mbora use trophic 24.
pyramids to illustrate the food chain within a given • Ynés Mexía was a Mexican American botanist.
ecosystem. At a typical pyramid’s base are primary
producers, like plants, followed by herbivores at • Between 1917 and 1938, she collected over
the second trophic level, then omnivores and 150,000 botanical samples throughout the
carnivores al the third. ______ at the fourth, highest Americas.
trophic level are apex predators, like tigers, that • She collected a sample of Achyrocline
feed on the animals below. vauthieriana in Minas Gerais, Brazil, on May 3,
Which choice completes the text with the most 1930.
logical transition? • She collected a sample of Vernonia liatroides in
A. In fact, Jalisco, Mexico, on February 14, 1927.
B. Besides, • These specimens are members of the Asteraceae
family.
C. For example,
• They can now be viewed online at the C.V. Starr
D. Lastly, Virtual Herbarium.
Which choice most effectively uses information
22. In a 2022 analysis of 200 terms, researchers from the given sentences to emphasize when she
found a broad pattern of valence-dependent collected both of the samples?
mutation in which negative adjectives saw a faster
rate of cognate replacement—the rate at which a A. Thousands of botanical samples collected by
word will be replaced over time with a noncognate Ynés Mexía can now be found in one place: online
form—than other words. ______ the adjective at the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium.
“illegal” would be expected to mutate faster than B. On May 3 in 1930, Ynés Mexía added a new
the noun “debt.” specimen to her growing collection of botanical
Which choice completes the text with the most samples: Achyrocline vauthieriana of the
logical transition? Asteraceae family.
A. Thus, C. While both specimens collected by Ynés Mexía
are members of the same family, Achyrocline
B. Meanwhile, vauthieriana was found in Minas Gerais and
C. However, Vernonia liatroides was found in Jalisco.
D. Moreover, D. Ynés Mexía collected a sample of Achyrocline
vauthierian in May of 1930, after collecting
Vernonia liatroides in February of 1927.
23. In the early 1970s, Albert Popa took up graffiti
art, spraying his work onto what was at the time an
unconventional surface: concrete. ______ Albert’s 25. While researching a topic, a student has taken
son David has chosen an unusual canvas for his the following notes:
new art project, Fractured. In this remarkable
• In 1965, Yale University historians claimed that a
work, the artist draws charcoal faces onto
world map called the Vinland Map was drawn in
fragmented ice floes in Finland, creating the visual
the fifteenth century.
effect of a face slowly fracturing.
Which choice completes the text with the most • Since that time, the map’s age has been the
logical transition? subject of debate.

A. However, • In 2021, researchers conducted a study to analyze

the elemental composition of the map’s ink.
B. Indeed,
• Their analysis revealed that the ink contains a
C. Second, titanium compound not used in inks until the
D. Likewise, 1920s.
• The researchers concluded that the map was C. The Santa Catalina Mountains, which are
drawn in the twehtietl century. considered to be a sky island, are located in the
southwestern US.
The student wants to present the study and its
findings. Which choice most effectively uses D. The Santa Catalina Mountains are an isolated
relevant information from the notes to accomplish mountain range located in the southwestern United
this goal? States whose environment differs drastically from
from that of the surrounding lowlands.
A. Given the debate about the Vinland Map’s age.
researchers in 2021 conducted a study to analyze
the elemental composition of the map’s ink. 27. While researching a topic, a student has taken
B. A 2021 study of the Vinland Map’s ink revealed the following notes:
that it contains a titanium compound not used in • The International Center for the Arts of the
inks until the 1920s, indicating that the map was Americas (ICAA) is directed by Mari Carmen
drawn in the twentieth century. Ramirez.
C. The Vinland Map, believed by some to have • Ramirez oversaw an initiative to create an online
been drawn in the fifteenth century, was the focus archive of historical documents related to the
of a 2021 study. history of Latin American and Latino visual art.
D. Aware that a certain titanium compound was not • The ICAA digitized over 10,000 documents,
used in inks until the 1920s, researchers in 2021 including the writings of Latin American and
studied the elemental composition of the Vinland Latino artists and critics.
Map’s ink.
• The creation of the archive didn’t require
historical documents to be removed from their
26. While researching a topic, a student has taken countries of origin.
the following notes: • Scholars now have more access to these
• The Santa Catalina Mountains are a mountain documents.
range located in the southwestern United States. The student wants to explain an advantage of the
• The range is one of the dozens of “sky island” in ICAA’s archive being digital. Which choice most
the southwestern US and northwestern Mexico. effectively uses relevant information from the notes
to accomplish this goal?
•A sky island is an isolated mountain range whose
environment differs drastically from that of the A. Over 10,000 documents related to the history of
surrounding lowlands. Latin American and Latino visual art are part of the
ICAA archive.
• The US Forest Service (USFS) said, “The
mountains are ‘island’ surrounded by deserts that B. By offering-online versions of historical
are ‘seas’”. documents, the ICAA’s archive provides more
access to these materials without removing them
• The USFS said, “Each Sky Island is a unique
from their countries of origin.
ecosystem”.
C. Among the historical documents in the ICAA’s
The student wants to explain what a sky island is.
archive are the writings of Latin American and
Which choice most effectively uses relevant
Latino artists and critic.
information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
D. The ICAA’s director, Mari Carmen Ramirez,
A. The USFS considers the Santa Catalina
oversaw the creation of an online archive of
Mountains to be a “unique ecosystem
historical documents related to Latin American and
B. A sky island is an isolated mountain range, such Latino visual art.
as the Santa Catalina Mountains in the
southwestern US, whose environment differs
drastically from that of the surrounding lowlands.