IS WATCHWE

Petous Uhah ochotogs

 Possage
In its seCond minute the Hlate rose to a frenzy. People were leaping upand down in then
places and shouting arthe tops of their voiees in an etlort to drown the maddening bleating voce
that came from the screen. The little sandy-haired woman had turncd bright pink, and her outh

was opening and shutting like that of a landed fislh. Even 0Brien's heavy face was (lushed. lle
was sitting very straight in his chair, his powerlul chest swelling and quivering as though he were
standing up to the assault of a wave. The dark-haired girl behind Winston had begun crying
out 'Swine! Swine! Swine! and suddenly she picked up a heavy Newspcak dictionary and flung
nel t at the screen: It struck

Goldstein's nosce and bounced ofT; the voice continued inexorably. In a Jucid moment rmert

the rung
Winston found that he was shouting with the others and kicking his hecl violently against reliina
was not that one was obliged to act a on )ehs
of his chair. The horrible thing about the Two Minutes Ilate
joining in. Within thirty seconds any a H6 vmbmevt
part, but, on the contrary, that it was impossible to avoid
vindictivencss, adesire to kill, to métoee d o
pretencewas alvways unnccessary. A hideous ccstasy of fcar and
group of people
tctofture, to smash faces in with a sledge-hammer, seemed to flow through thewhole
an electric current, turning onc even against one's will
into a grimacing, sereaming lunatie.
undirected emotion which could be switched from
And yet the rage that one felt was an abstract,
onc noment Winston's hatred(was 1.ts s
one object to another like the flame of ablowlamp. Thus, at reseeled
Big Brother, the Party, and t h e c
not tumed against Goldstein at all, but, on the contrary, against
n

heart went out to the lonely, derided heretic on the serecn,

Seis nim Thought Policet and at such moments his to (owlstein
of truth and sanity in a wvorld oflies. And yet the very next instant he was at one
solé guardian
nese S of Goldstein scemed to him to de true. At those
with the people about him, and all that was said
into adoration, and Big Brother secmed to
moments his secret loathing of Big Brother changed Rorectcacle
rock against the hordes of Asia, and
standing like a
twstower up, an invincible, fearless protector,
and thc doubt hat hung about his very
Goldstein, in spite of his isolation, his helplessness,
by the mcre power of his voice of wreck ing
existencc, scemcd like some sinister enchanter, capable
O a j the structure of civilization.
lnrte

wwin
 Apperance/
3 Dinec Qootes Physiccl Descripton
was not tumed Wnton is la 34 yecr cde frol,
ycina was
Sry Gotdstein at all ag VaricOse ve ing uir hair an
recleiS Scin,
blice" (Onwel )
hoe... it lies he
oes. "(Orwell8) Daily Lite
wihoon nes st his
yutter..." (Ovwen 4) cluties of rectitCation, r
alterny ut documentatbns
Fears at t mihstry ot
Winston beqns to fear te s uy
ot oceunia, WingtonaCtive4
Awer ot te Rart Cwere t h t he
after committha loletent +akes Par n t e horc
wr
Hheught -cime Changed lSameshous
Te

cspagng his
HHouy h ins ton
indivicuciy his cian
hs entrics fhes
Justce anel
desris
refom, ws StiU (ack
Pssionote Abat of Complete honoe
revealed whenn he
Winston dispiags kieks a
CUr k .

mwntna
WITH 3IGBROTHE R" Beliefs
in his dary to variou S Wngton believes thent te
Unorthosb actons for Par ty s menpulative,
Ingtace
Mounife a ewSpek Inhuane , und nyvst.
temtr one's indepencent and Tarowgnout Buok i, he
eccenne encleavos
Ihouqnts withn activelySeek S new
avenvs tor ne bellb,

winston Seretey cesp Ses

big Bnter, te Darty, anel Hae weaknesseS
Winston S weoeness
Thent Polee. or a moment
een, cuhy a Tuwe mins Hate, Churucteriz edby is
Wnston cirets is hatred and
Vnvesticted emot ion towird Hhe ur ty
navffeient will poer
eateme peSsmiS m. cnel
He
aeems imele a eac l men
a r then hocstein. from He merment he wtes

Otward Me Rrsonality famila

Wns on
Winston s out hs caily l e
deth et hs temembers Hha
moter and
to e pur ty's ileuls
no aissent liHHe sister leny ago, nd
feels quilt /nmorse fo ther
Conict fikalenge
It s eWclent Het Wins on desies i 34
Scecritce.
yecur old men,
o push tH lits t te urty howener
YeoMion avails qreat conBe4 UeneeS as Cunt quite eme
Lonemy
whet
fe was
einens Survcil1e ones evey moei liee betone te nevton
 who details the horrors
Orwell's *1984", Winston Smith is the 39 year old protagonist
In George struggle that
under a totalitarian regime in Oceania. He embodies a complex character
of living Party's
from working at the Ministry of Truth, revising history to align with the
arises dissatisfaction about the
simultaneously harboring a deep sense of despise and
propaganda, and the
in. Beginning in the first chapter of the novel, Orwell gives insight into
society he lives
run by the political party, namely "Ingsoc" (Orwell 26),
oppressive reality in Oceania: a nation
submission of its twisted
heavily indoctrinates and surveilles its party members into the
who under the dreary
Big Brother, a large entity ofa man, its inhabitants live
ideologies. Led by
Winston, being a Party member employed at the Ministry of
brainwash of totalitarian authority. "rectification" (Orwell 44), allunder the
rewriting history, namely
Truth is tasked daily with up the slightest hint of
rebellion. With
telescreen devices which could pick
strict surveillance of duty to the Party. He is,
Winston had no choice to play the part and assume his
allof this, intellectual curiosity accompanied by
and displays a sense of
however,quite reflective, Brother's regime. For example,
during
hatred towards Big
suppressed attributes of rebellion and which aimed-and
Minutes Hate," (Orwell 14) a frequent broad cast
what was called the Two persons, Winston lucidly found that he
was
Oceanians against treasonous
succeed ed at riling up co-workers. His display of
unrestricted
with the rest of his
(Orwell 14)
"kicking" and "shouting" one moment it being
directed against the
abstract, however, as he found
emotion was extremely changed into the
suppressed notion of defiance, and the next being
Party, illustrating this revered stature. In another
instance
15) of Big Brother's
conforming "adoration" (Orwell subconsciously exclaiming DOWN
back at his apartment, began
Winston, lost in thought and Both occasions
(Orwell 18) several times in his forbidden diary.
WITH BIG BROTHER" his desire for political and
societal
growing recognition of
evidently highlight Winston's when he remarks, "If there is hope, it lies
in
furthered later in the novel
reforms, and this being
notably conscious of the injustices prevelant in
Although Winston is was
the proles." (Orwell 82) yet to be done. Notably one evening as he
character development is
society, his journey of kicks a
yet un-healed wounds is displayed when he
Winston's his unsensitivit
wandering the prole district, rocket bombing, revealing
(Orwell 84) after a nearby
severed hand to the curb" Overall, Winston's internal
battle against
world around him.
to the gruel realities
of the compelling figure in
still present fatalistic outlook make him a
oppression juxtaposed with his
harrowing world of 1984.
the bleak and
Think of a focal point as salsa fo
might otherwise be bland Don't be shy ab
thing bold or oversize-such as a dramatic vinta,
Connector :
room
A
lacking a natural 'star' like afreplace or stunnngIOU)
grandly scaled painting or poster would work, as Woulc
tree-size plant or an accent wall covered in brick, boards,
mirrors. textured plaster or vibrant textiles. And making a bic
splash doesn't have to cost a mint either: Picture a yard or tw
of brilliantly patterned wallcovering remnant spotlighted in a
wide. elaborate gilt frane IS'TCHING
 BIG BROTHER
mo
own accord, ond they never revolt
Themasses neverdevolDof their permitted to
are not
Indocd, 5o long as they Manytnericans
because they aro oppressod. Cve
comparison) thoy never even become aware that they
have standards of past times were totally
recurrent economic crises of
are oppressed. The
and egually
wester Media permitted tohappen, but other
unnecessary and are not now
political results,
do happen without having
large dislocations can and
theroi s e elcs isconten can become artiulate As for
because is no way in which
nvnlLenA Sb0en laternt in our society since
the problem of overproduction, n rut oan
machine technique, it is Was ofwritten
solved by the device
the development of woretre curine lheture noel keying up
in
15talemate l1), which is alsO useful
Continuous warfare (see Chapter
From the pojnt of view of our present
necessary pitch. to clo wtL
public morale to the splitting-off of a new
onlygenuine dangersare the
rulers, therefore, the
hle
group of able. underemploved. power-hungy people, and the growth of
own ranks. The problem,
that is to say, is
liberalism and scepticism in their consciousness
continuously nouldingth
educational. It is a problem of
group that lies
andof the larger executive
both of the directing group only to be
Thelconsciousness of the masses needs
immediately below it. could infer, if one
this background, one
(nfluenceoin alnegative way. Given Oceanic society. At the
the general structure of
did not know it already, infallible and all
Brother. Big Brother is
apepof the pyramid comes Big scientific
X achíevement, every victory, every
powerful. Eyeryuccess, every virtue, are held to
wisdom, all happiness, all
discovery, all knowledge, all 7 CLO miZhments
seen Big
inspiration. Nobody has ever
his leadership and
issueirectly fro A hoardings, avoiceon the
telescreen. We may
Brother. He is afaceon the considerable
there is already
reasonably sure at he will never die, ànd
that
be uiseyn which the
born. Big Brother is the
uncertainty as to when he was
function isto act as a
itself to the world His
Party chooses toexhíop emotions which are more
fear, and reverence, And loruiwwashed
focusing point for love, Big
than towards anorganízation. Below
easily felt towards an individual
weRSHIPTNA Hheir dic millions, or
lnte ( t e r numbers imited to six
Brother cones the ethner Party. its the
Below
cent of the
population of Oceania.
3omething less than 2 per Party is descríbed as
whích, if the Inner
Party comes the Outer Party,
Inner that come
ukened tto the hands, Below
the brain of the State, may be justly
ain. refer tohonu
habitually as 'the proles',
thedumb masseswhom we HmenaviS
 DELL CAMERON
SECURITY
APR 22, 2024 12:59 PM
1TRACKING]
The Next US President Will Have Troubling New Surveillance Powers
Over the weekend, President Joe Biden signed legislation not only
reauthorizing a major FISA spy program but expanding it in ways
that could have major implications for privacy rights in the US.

Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, or FISA, allows

the US National Security Agency (NSA) and Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI), among other agencies, to eavesdrop on calls, texts,
and emails traveling through US networks, so long as one side of the
communication is foreign.

Americans caught up in the program face diminished privacy rights.

"Section 702 is supposed to be used only for spying on foreigners

abroad," says Dick Durbin, chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee.
"Instead, sadly, it has enabled warrantless access to vast databases of
Americans' private phone calls, text messages, and emails.
Under the law, the government can retain communications captured by
the 702 program for half a decade or more--indefinitely, so long as the
govemment makes no effort to decrypt them.

Onwell 's ngvel mentn hew wit e

devopnent ot He "tele tsin" and
rther technoogeal advnceimtats, He
ac i e surrai conce cun ol wateang ot citizen
became a clevice of eppression in ceanl The
overreechina power et the Par ty's telescreens
to detie t precous pritaly t bcecunias
aibted n the above ardep A
terribying
Pussibility : the instullatie ot the fore
Intellgeree Surveilance Act is ene thal
Couid expiet 4he mincls ot Ameritans ancl out
|ofPolitica
fear, oree crizens to align with prve lunt
Araures. Being explted, sucn act
Couid inmr in cdule aSociety resemola
1984'5 cystepr'an worldi

1SPYWARE
| FACTIONAL|
 Disintormation peses an unprecedeated threat in 2024

TFRAUDl ever
The U.S. presidertiel elecion
cormes at a tme of ideal
disintorrnation and the people wto pread
nd the US s less ready than

Ccumstances to

An increasing nuinbet ufvotcn havr pfuveis suscept ibie te

disinfomation from ormer President uald ygand his alles
artificial nteilge tce trchnodogy is ubiquitoa
sial thedsa catnpaies
haye slashhed ettorts to f in in
misinformafios the it platfurs ad
ot
attacks on the work and te iutation of academié
tracàung disinformet
have chilled resc arh

The threat disinfourmaton pose falls a speetes kesr arh

has ttle diect effect m cting suggests ir
chucet bat pread b politaca eltes
cspeally national canddates if cantpact es people
make spse
inds aboet écsecCs It can alsos prrde false
evsdege for claims
conciustons that threaten de tmocracy or tatithal health wet
peogie arr
pervuaded totake up arme against Cngtesa fct champlr c deane
accinat ion

dsinormaton that semties the tarty's

te Tuo Mnwtes tate
pocal (ontormty and
Shyects Dnng e eatensn prsgram ,aleng,

and fabria ted

imaaes pse a heavy
ondns pt Americans.I not cath, Svch
chs nker maton couic ray Amercans ino vieln(
Suprthy false csesmuh tnat ct
Oce ania ganst ything Malrgeá wth me Purh
atms

DiSINFORMaOn
 WIS
ATCHYVS

Philesopher
 It struck him atonce that she had changodin somo (ll-detinod way, Thoy
almost passed one another without a sign, thon ho turned ond followod hor, Minß ry
not very eagerty. He knew that thero was no danger, nobody would tako any
hor meW
interest in hím. She did not speak. She walkod oblquely, away acrosn tho
gass as though trying to get rid of him, then seomed to rosign herself td
having him at her side. Presently they wero in among a clump of raggod
(eafless shrubs, useless either for conceal1ment or as protection from the
5A Naratrnd They halted. It was vitely cold, The wind the twigg
whistlod throug
Omeetin4 and fretted the occasional, dirty-looking 'crocuses. Ho put his arm round
her waist. There was no telescreen, but there must be hidden microphones:

besides, they could be seen. It did not matter, nothing mattered. They
wsconticei
ansis pould have lain down
+otutsruh pweron the ground and done that if'they had wanted to.
be traug His flesh froze with horror at the thought of it. She made no respons0
totali tehun
eyme whatever to the clasp of his arm; she did not even try to disengage herself.
He knew now what had changed in her. Her face was sallower and there
marntl
was a long scar, partly hidden by the hair, across her forehead and temple;
that was not the change. It was that her waist had grown thicker, and, in
a surprisipe
g way, had stiffened. He remembered howonce, after the
tractea
deeplo_ion of a rocket bomb, he had helped to drag a corpse out of some
N) utah and had been astonished not only by the incredible weight of the
thing. but by its rigídity and awkwardness to handle, which made it seem
Person
more ike stone than flesh. Her body felt like that. It occurred to him that
Bo n
the texture of her skin would be quite different from what it had once been.
He did not atternpt to kiss her, nor did they speak. As they walked back
across the grass, she looked directly at him for the first time. It was only a
Levt
nonentary glance, futl of contempt and dielie He wondered whether it
behee
was a dislike that came purely out of the past or whether it was inspired
also by his bloated face and the water that the wind kept squeezing from
his eyes. They sat down on two iron chairs, side by side but not too close
together. He saw that ahe was about to speak. She moved her olumsy shoe
a few centimetres and deliberately crushed a twig. Her feet seemed to have
grown broader, he noticed. "I betraydd you,' she sald baldly. "I betrayod
you,' he said. She gave himanother quick look of disliko. "Sometimes,'aho
said, 'they threaten you with something something you can't stand up to,
can't even think about. And then you say, "Don't do it to me, do it to
 his limbs tight

he was beaten flung like a sack

remembered
then -beaten again.
MINISTRY
OF LGVE
in - whíte -nod

-dimly- He

Be
ninety
unsympathetic men -feeling -tapping -turning harsh made
it w
him
fingers over him in search
They slapped stand don't know)

on
one leg, refused A -a blissful -
his power of arguing and
reasoning. the

Their real weapon merciless questioning went on

-twisting
-tripng himhim u Ur

lies wind
-until -shame -screamed -at him his nerves were in rags

-the nagging voices broke him -more -than -boots and fists
toy

sister,
confessed
He
assassination secrets, sabotage of every kind
Aturned bac

He
confessed -he had been the
enemy phras
 his timbs tightened -the pain -leaving him -weak and cold The man

in -white -nodded pain seventy, seventy-five -eighty

ninetY Behind his screwed up eyelids He was trying to count them,

it was impossible ( don't know- in all honesty !

don't know) He knew whether a

it did not matter friend or an enemy.

A -a blissful -warmth spread

He opened his eyes Fup gratefully

the heavy- face so intelligent,

O'Brien O'Brien, they were intimates

Uncalled, a memory of His mother was temporarily revived. the

window-pane and the cramped bedroom the neighbours and Alovely

toy -He could still remember wildly excited laughter and His tiny

sister, laughing as in his earlier

childhood. it was a false memory. He
Murned back to the shrill trumpet-call. It was
Victory! triumphant

phrases perfect coordinatiok VICtory, vitory, victory!',

Analys1s introduction of
George Orwell's 1984, is the
One present theme in part 3 of
Ministry of Love, revealed in Winston's
the dreadful dynamics present in the
against the Party. One such
capture and torture due to his thoughtcrimes
psychological manipulation that
method that the institution utilizes is the
effectively ebbed away at Winston's ability to think and express individuality.
torture followed by a series of
In utilizing a series of physical abUse and
at the Ministry of Love
intense, twisted questioning effectively the men
SUccessfully induced confessions of every kind out of Winston. However, an
seek false confessions
interesting thing to note is the tendency of the Party to
out of its prisoners, as evident in Winton's trial,
embles the previously
and resen
The three men had been
mentioned case of Jones Aaronson, and Rutherford.
although
publicly convicted and broadcasted as treacherous criminals,
witnessed them personally as ordinary men enjoying their meals
Winston had
Ministry's first step toward
at the Chesnut Tree Cafe. This is indicative of the
their Conversion procedure in Winston: the forcing of their treasonous
persons to, themselves, admit tO several atrocious crimes.

physical
Additionally, part three underlines the Ministry's dreaded
manipulation that in turn causes Winston to develop a sort of intimacy and
love for Obrien. This development is one that is interesting to note because of
Winston's pain and
its paradoxic nature: O'brien, the man responsible for
same man to whom Winston felt compelled with immense
torture, was the
gratitude. Winston describes O'brien as ugly yet intelligent, and that his oves
to. It
towards him stemmed from the fact that he wasa genuine person to talk
extent of
was evident that Obrien's tactics had tortured Winston to the
viewed
lunacy, and with being denied regular social interactions, he had
Obrien as a god-ike figure, holding extraordinary authority as the person
capable of inflicting pain-and easing it.

Finally, George Orwell's part three of 1984 explores the theme of memory
manipulation and includes Winston's final conversion as a loyal Party
at
member, having fully undergone his agonizing torment during his sentence
the Ministry of Love. Winston is seen to have overcome the struggle over
himself, finally practicing the one thing only a few years ago he had fiercely
opposed: doublethink. When a distant memory of the pleasures of his
childhoodfloats into his consciousness, Winston swifty tucks the fragment
away; tuning back in to the political bulletin broadcasted on the telescreens.
This displays Winston's newfound willingness to conform to intricate
delusion, as he finally submits himself into the false reality in which the Party
creates.