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Electric Machine Lab - 07 (HARDWARE)

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7 views

Electric Machine Lab - 07 (HARDWARE)

Uploaded by

rajaalidadkayani.rock
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TO STUDY THE STARTING METHOD AND SPEED CONTROL OF SHUNT MOTOR

OBJECTIVE:

To understand the starting method of shunt DC motor and the method controlling the speed by adjusting magnetic
field current of the motor.

EQUIPMENT & TEST SETUP:

DC machine trainer and connecting leads.

Figure 7.1: Circuit diagram of shunt


Motor Figure 7.2: Experimental setup

BACKGROUND:

A DC shunt motor (also known as a shunt wound DC motor) is a type of self-excited DC motor where the field
windings are shunted to or are connected in parallel to the armature winding of the motor. Since they are connected in
parallel, the armature and field windings are exposed to the same supply voltage. Though there are separate branches
for the flow of armature current and field current.
DC Shunt Motor Equations:
Let us now consider the voltage and current being supplied from the electrical terminal to the motor be given by E
and Itotal respectively.
This supply current in case of the shunt wound DC motor is split up into 2 parts. I a, flowing through the armature
winding of resistance R a and Ish flowing through the field winding of resistance R sh . The voltage across both windings
remains the same.
From there we can write

Thus we put this value of armature current I a to get general voltage equation of a DC shunt motor.

1
Now in general practice, when the motor is in its running condition, and the supply voltage is constant and the shunt
field current given by,

But we know Ish ∝ Φ


i.e. field flux Φ is proportional to filed current I sh
Thus the field flux remains more or less constant, and for this reason, a shunt wound DC motor is called a constant flux
motor.
Summary:
1. Once you reduce the field current, you reduce the magnetic flux being fed to the machine.
2. Once the magnetic flux fed is reduced, the back EMF (Kϕw) reduces.
3. Once that reduces, the armature current increases by the equation (Vt-Kb)/R=I.
4. Once I increases, the developed torque increases by the equation T d=KϕI.
5. Once the developed torque increases over the load torque, the speed of the motor will automatically increase.
6. Once w increases, back EMF increases, decreasing I.
7. As I reduces, the motor settles to a new value of developed torque.

PROCEDURE:

1. Make the connections according to Fig. 7.1 for starting practice of shunt motor. Corresponding
experimental setup is shown in Fig.7.2.

2. Do a power supply switch MCCB1.

3. F1 of the circuit and F2 list of gift shunt magnetic field winding of a motor, A and B and express the
armature winding.

4. The power of DC motor is connected by lead lines from DC motor power terminal. Minimize
by turning voltage adjust handle (knob) of DC motor power device to end of
counterclockwise.

5. Turn on main (main power switch).Is there lightning expression lamp?

6. Turn on switch of DC motor power device, and seeing DC am-meter, fit to DC 100[V] with turning voltage
adjust knob to clockwise slowly. Push the RUN Push button switch. Does the motor start?

7. Make DC motor to become rated voltage, and rated turn-number (1,800[rpm]), a f t e r adjusting voltage
value of magnetic field resistor and DC motor power device.

8. Measure the speed and magnetic field current of that time with increasing magnetic field
Rf[S] value from minimum position gradually, and record in the table 1-2b.

9. Raise the speed to 120% of rated speed.

2
HARDWARE SETUP:

Figure 1: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

Figure 2: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

3
Figure 3: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

Figure 4: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

4
Figure 5: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

Figure 6: Hardware Setup for Shunt Motor

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DATA SHEET:

S.No. Terminal No-load Excitation Speed


Voltage Current Current RPM
V A A
1
2
3
4
5

QUESTIONS:

 What is the principle of operation of a DC Motor?


 What is Back E.m.f Or Counter E.m.f?
 Enlist different types of DC motors.
 Summary.

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