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PHYSICS JC MOCK MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (20 MARKS)

1C 2B 3C 4C 5D 6A 7D 8C 9B 10 D

11. C 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 D 16 B 17 C 18 C 19 C 20 C

SECTION B (50 MARKS)

21.a. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of substance by 10c.

(1)

b. Heat lost by lead = heat gained by water

- (M C ΔT) lead = (M C ΔT)water (1)

- [1.5kg x 126J/kg c x (T2 – 100 c)] = [10kg x 4200J/kg0c x (T2 – 50 c)]

(1)

- 42189T2 = -2 118 900 0c

T2 = 50.2 0c (1)

c. Pot handles (1)

- materials are of high specific heat capacity so that they take much time before they get heated to
avoid burning hands. (1). OR

Used in cooling systems.

- Water is made to circulate in engines to absorb more heat as it has high SHC.
OR

Applied in sea and land breeze.

- During day the land receives cold air from the sea after warm air above the ground rises.
- This is because the land has low SHC than water and during night the vice versa.

22. a.i.
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(2)

ii. 40c (1)

iii. It’s because at 40c the density of water is maximum. (1)

This is only achieved when volume is minimum. (1).

b. 1 Freezing of dams and lakes (1)

2. blocking or bursting of water pipes in very cold regions (1)

OR

3. weathering of rocks.

23.a. Joules (1)

1
b. i. KE = MV2 (1)
2

1
= x 4kg x (15m/s)2
2

= 30J (1)
1
ii. Mgh = MV2 = KE (1)
2

𝐾𝐸
h = 𝑀𝑔

30
= m (1)
4 𝑥 10
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= 0.75m (1)

24a. A field around a magnet (1) where magnetic substances experience magnetic Force (1).

b.

(2)

25. a. i. Weight (1)

ii. 250N

iii. upward force = weight of the load (1)

= 250N (1)

b. dry cell use paste while wet cell use liquid electrolyte (2)

.or most dry cells are smaller while wet cells are larger in size.

26. a. A measure of average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. (1)

b. i. A. (1)

ii. Because it has more kinetic energy than B. (2)

27a. Sum of clockwise moments is equal to sum of anticlockwise moments (1)

𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
b. MA = (1)
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡

80 𝑥 10
= 450

= 1. 8 to 1dp (1)
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c. work done against friction = WD by effort - WD on load (1)

= (4.5m x 450N) – (2m x 800N) (1)

= 425J (1)

28. a. Electromagnet (1)

b.

• when the switch is closed, current flows in the circuit (1)

• making electromagnet magnetized. (1)
• Soft iron is attracted to electromagnet making hammer hit the gong. (1)

c. 1.Increasing current by increasing number of cells (1)

2. Increasing number of turns of the coil. (1)

. or Using a U – shaped electromagnet.

29. a. Total mass of a substance per total volume of the substance. (1)

b.
• In rotten egg, there is accumulation of air. (1)
• this makes density smaller than water hence float while fresh egg sink. (1)

30

• one metal is placed at cold place in order for it to contract (1)

• The contracted metal is inserted into another metal. (1)
• Upon regaining its normal shape then it makes a tight fix (1)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

31.a.
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• A charged object is brought near a neutral object (1)

• (1)
when a charged object is positively charged , electrons in the neutral

object are attracted to the positively charged object.(1)

• The electrons in the neutral object move to the side that is near the charged object
(1)
• Causing the neutral object to be positively charged on one side and negatively charged on the
other side. (1)

31. b.

(1) 1 correct diagram, 1 labelling

• Light hits the top mirror at 450 and reflect away at the same angle to the bottom mirror (1)
• The light rays are also reflected at 450 after hitting the second mirror (1)
• These reflected light rays from second mirror enter the eye (1)

32.a.i.
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(4) 1 labelling axes, 1 scalling, 1 any 3 correct ploting points, 1 line of best fit.

ii - As voltage increase, current also increases (1) or

Current is directly proportional to voltage.

b.
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(2) 1 correct diagram, 1 labelling

• Set the materials as shown above and heat the same volume of water using same
amount of heat at the same time (1)
• In A, heat to melt the candle wax will be transferred by conduction and that in be
convection (1)
• In B, candle wax will melt first than in B (1)
• Showing that in water, heat transfers fast through convection than conduction.

33a.
• when a substance is heated, it gains the heat energy (1)
• Gained heat energy increases the kinetic component of the internal energy (1)
• This increases molecular motion (1)
• Increase in molecular motion weakens the binding forces between the molecules (1)
• Making molecules move far apart hence occupying a larger volume (1)

b.
• Weigh 1kg of water and measure its initial temperature and record. (1)
• pour water in the insulated container and switch on an electric heater of known power rating
and not time (1)
• Note the final temperature and switch off the electric heater (1)
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• Work out heat supplied using equation, H = Pt (1)

• Find specific heat capacity, C using equation.

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡, 𝐻
C = (1)
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠, 𝑀 𝑥 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒, 𝛥𝑇