HSPTA MALAPPURAM

PHYSOL 2 -The Solution for Learning Physics

Question Bank
CHAPTER 6 - ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

Each question scores One

Focus area
1 Q: Unit of inductance is.......................(faraday, weber, henry, ohm)

A: henry
2 Q: Lenz’s law obeys conservation of.......................
(a) Charge (b) Energy
(c) Mass (d) Momentum

A: (b) Energy
3 Q: When electric motor is switched off sparking occurs due to...................

A: Back emf or Self induction

4 Q: What is the working principle of ac generator?

A: Electromagnetic induction

5 Q: ....................cause undesirable heating and wastage of power in transformers

A: Eddy current
6 Q: Electrical analogue of mass is....................

A: Inductance
7 Q: Current carrying inductor carries energy in................field (Electric/Magnetic)

A: Magnetic
8 Q: Laws of electromagnetic induction are proposed by..................

A: Faraday
9 Q: An ac generator converts..................energy to..................energy

A: Mechanical, electrical
10 Q: Two coils having inductance L1 and L2.What is the effective in their parallel combination

A: L1L2/(L1+L2)
11 Q: Equation for enery stored in inductor is………….

A: ½ LI2
12 Q: In Lenz’s law ………..energy converted to…………….energy

A: Mechanical to electrical
13 Q: Electrical inertia of coil is called …………………

A: Inductance
14 Q: Unit of mutual inductance

A: henry
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15 Q: Two coils of inductance L1 and L2 are connected in series. Effective inductance is ………………..

A: L1 + L2
16 Q: Relation between L and M is …………………..

A: M = K√(L1L2)
17 Q: Relation between induced emf ɛ and self inductance L is.......................

A: Є = - L dI/dt
18 Q: Relation between induced emf ɛ and mutual inductance M is.......................

A: Є = - M dI/dt

19 Q: Relation between magnetic flux ɸ and self inductance L is..................

A: ɸ = LI
20 Q: weber/ampere=....................

A: henry

21 Q: Dimensional formula for L is .................................

A: ML2T -2A-2
22 Q: Faraday’s law is given by Є =........................

A: dɸ/dt

23 Q: Equation for induced emf when conductor of length l is moving in magnetic field is...................

A: Є = Blv
24 Q: Equation for induced emf when conductor of length l is rotating in magnetic field is...................

A: Є = (1/2) Bl2ω

Non focus area

25 Q: Equation of induced current on a conductor moving in magnetic field is................

A: Blv/R
26 Q: Equation of induced power on a conductor moving in magnetic field is.............

A: (Blv)2/R
27 Q: Equation of induced force on a conductor moving in a magnetic field is...............

A: B2l2v/R
28 Q: Equation of induced energy on a conductor moving in a magnetic field is................

A: (Blv)2t/R

Each question scores Two

Focus area
1 Q: A boy is riding a bicycle with its dynamo on. When he increases the speed, the brightness of
the bulb connected to the dynamo increases

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 a) Which the law used to explain the above phenomenon?
b) State the law

A: a) Faraday’s law
b) Whenever magnetic flux linked with a coil changes, an emf is induced in it. The magnitude of induced emf is
equal to rate of change of magnetic flux
IЄI = dɸB/dt

2 Q. a) Which law states about direction of induced current?

b) State the law

A: a) Lenz’s law
b)The direction of induced current is such as to oppose the cause of its production.
Thus , expression for induced emf, Є = - dɸB/dt

3 Q: a) What is eddy current?

b) Mention any two uses of eddy current

A: a) When bulk pieces of conductors are subjected to changing magnetic flux, induced currents are produced
in them. These currents are called eddy currents (Foucault current).
b)Induction furnace, speedometer

4 Q: The flux linked with an inductor changes from 0 to 1 weber in 2 seconds. Find the induced emf

A: Induced emf, Є = - dɸ/dt = -Δɸ/Δt= -(ɸ2-ɸ1)/Δt = -(1-0)/2 = -1/2= -0.5V

5 Q: Current I increases in the conductor. Find the direction of induced current on the loop ABCD. Justify your
answer

A: Anticlockwise. Using Fleming’s thumb rule, the magnetic field increases in to the plane of the paper as the
current through the conductor increases. By Lenz’s law the direction of induced current on the loop is so as to
oppose this magnetic field. The induced current on the loop produces an outward magnetic field.

6 Q: The magnetic flux through a coil is φ = (5t2+6t+9) Wb. Find the ratio of emf at t = 3 s to t = 0 s

A: Magnitude of emf Є= dɸ/dt = (5x2t +6) = (10t+6)

at t = 3s , Є1= (10x3 +6) = 36V
at t = 0s, Є2 = (10x0 +6) = 6V
Ratio Є1/ Є2 = 36/6=6

7 Q: Explain the following with reason

(i) Laminated cores are used in transformers
(ii) Fixed core made of non- magnetic material is used in galvanometers

A: (i) To reduce eddy current and hence to minimise the wastage of energy in the form of heat
(ii) Eddy current produced in the core helps for damping

8 Q: A bar magnet is allowed to fall freely through a solenoid whose ends are connected to each other. Does its
acceleration is less than g? Justify your answer

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 A: Acceleration is less than g. According to Lenz’s law the upper face of the ring has same polarity as that of the
pole pointing to it. Hence motion of the magnet is opposed

9 Q: a) What is self induction?

b)Define self inductance

A: a)The phenomenon of production of induced emf in an isolated coil by varying current through the same coil
is called self-induction.
b)The flux linked with the coil is proportional to the current through the coil
φ α I => φ = LI
When current is 1A, Self inductance L is numerically equal to the magnetic flux

.
10 Q: Predict the polarity of the capacitor in the situation described by figure below. Justify your answer

A:
A positive, B negative
From front view of the loop, when south pole approaches to the loop, a clockwise current induces on it.
According to Lenz’s law, movement of electrons are from A to B (Opposite to the direction of current).Thus
plate A becomes positive and plate B becomes negative.

11 Q: What is mutual inductIon?

A: The phenomenon of production of induced emf in a coil by varying the current through a neighbouring coil is
called mutual-induction.
12 Q: A coil is removed from a magnetic field (i)rapidly (ii)slowly. In which case, more work will be done? Justify

A:(i) rapidly, in this case induced emf will be more than that of second case.

13 Q: As soon as current is switched on a high voltage line, the bird sitting on it flies away. Why?

A: When current is switched on, induced current flows through the body of the bird. Through the wings of the
bird induced current flows in opposite directions, therefore wings experience a force of mutual repulsion. The
wings spread and bird flies.
14 Q: How would you detect the presence of on an unknown planet?

A: We can connect a coil to a sensitive galvanometer and rotate the coil. If galvanometer shows a deflection,
the magnetic field is there, otherwise not.

15 Q: A bar magnet falls through a metal ring. Will the acceleration equal to g? Explain

A: No, acceleration of the magnet will be less than g. This is because as the magnet falls ,amount of magnetic
flux linked with the ring changes. An induced current is developed in the ring which opposes downward motion
of magnet. After the magnet has crossed the metal ring ,amount of magnetic flux linked with the ring goes on
decreasing. An induced current develops in the ring and opposes the fall of magnet. Therefore downward
acceleration of the magnet continues to be less than g.

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16 Q: A vertical metallic pole falls down through the plane of the magnetic meridian. Will any emf induced
between its ends? Explain

A: No emf will be induced across the ends of the pole, as it intercepts neither the horizontal component Bh nor
the vertical component Bv of earth.
17 Q: A lamp in a circuit consisting of a coil of large number of turns and battery does not light up to full brilliance
instantly on switching the circuit. Why?

A: When the circuit is switched on, current increases through the lamp and also through the coil. An induced
emf develops in the coil which opposes the growth of current. As the current takes time to grow to maximum
value, the lamp does not light instantly up to full brilliance.

Each question scores Three

Focus area

1 Q: Obtain an expression for self inductance of a long solenoid with n turns per length

A:
The total flux linked with the solenoid , Nφ = NBA
But magnetic field B = μ0ni, N = nl
(Where n = turns per length, N = number of turns,l = length of the solenoid, i= current through the solenoid,
A=Area of flux linkage)

Nφ = nl(μ0ni) A
Nφ = μ0 n2Ali --------(1)
But, Nφ = Li -----------------(2)
From eq (1) and (2)
Li = μ0 n2Ali
Thus self inductance, L= μ0 n2Al

2 Q: Show that energy stored in inductor is in magnetic field

A: Energy stored in inductor carries a current i is given by, U = 1/2 Li2...................(1)

Magnetic field of the inductor, B = µ0ni
Thus i = B/µ0n............................(2)
Inductance, L= μ0 n2 Al ............(3)
Put 2,3 in 1 gives
U = 1/2 (μ0 n2 Al) (B/µ0n)2 = B2Al/2µ0
U/Al = B2/2µ0
Al = volume
Energy density, u = B2/2µ0

3 Q: A cycle dynamo having magnetic field of 0.01T.If the coil of 500 turns having area 0.05 m 2 rotates 10 times
per second, what is the maximum voltage available in the dynamo?

A: B = 0.01T
N = 500
Area, A= 0.05m2 , Frequency f = 10Hz
Maximum voltage = NBAω where ω=2πf
Maximum voltage = 500 x 0.01 x 0.05 x 2π x10 = 15.7V

4 Q: A 2m long solenoid having diameter 6cm and 2000 turns has a secondary of 500 turns wound closely near its
mid point. Calculate mutual inductance between the two coils

A: I = 2m, r = 3 x10-2m, N1 = 2000, N2 = 500

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 Mutual inductance M = (μ0N1N2 A)/l = (4π x 10-7x 2000 x 500 x π x (3 x10-2)2)/2 = 1.77 x10-3 H

5 Q: Current in the circuit falls from 5A to 0A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of 200V is induced, determine the self
inductance of the circuit.

A: I1 = 5A, I2 = 0A, Є = 200V, dt = 0.1s

Induced emf, Є = - L dI/dt
Self inductance, L = Є/(-dI/dt) = Є/(I1- I2)/dt=200/(5-0)/0.1 = 4H

6 Q: a) Which of the following galvanometer shows larger deflection when the tapping key is pressed suddenly

b) Using suitable equation justify your answer

A: a)Fig b
b)Induced emf, Є = - M dI/dt
When mutual inductance M increases, induced emf and induced current also increases. As a result,
galvanometer shows larger deflection.
Mutual inductance M = (μ0N1N2 A)/l
The number of turns N2 is greater in fig b. Thus mutual inductance is larger in circuit b

7 Q: a) Figure shows planar loops of different shapes moving out of or into a region of a magnetic field which is
directed normal to the plane of the loop away from the reader. Determine the direction of induced current.
Justify your answer

A: The magnetic flux through the rectangular loop abcd increases due to the motion of the loop into the region
of magnetic field. The direction of induced current must be in path bcdab such that it should oppose the
increase in flux associated with the loop.

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 Non focus area

8 Q: Arrive an expression for motional emf

A:

A conducting rod PQ of length l moves through a uniform magnetic field B ,The flux linked with it changes as a
result an emf will induce on it known as motional emf
Area of flux linkage at a given time t is given by, A = lx
Magnetic fluxɸ = BA = Blx
Induced emf Є = - dɸ/dt
Є = -dɸ/dt = -d(Blx)/dt = Bl (-dx/dt)
-dx/dt = v , velocity of conductor
Thus, induced emf Є = Blv

9 Q: A jet plane is travelling towards west at a speed of 1800km/h. What is the voltage difference developed
between the ends of the wing having a span of 25m, if the Earth’s magnetic field at the location has a
magnitude of 5 x10-4 T and the dip angle is 300.
A:
Speed of the jet plane v = 1800 km/h = 500 m/s
Wing span of jet plane l = 25m
Earth’s magnetic field strength B = 5 x 10-4 T
Angle of dip θ = 300
Vertical component of Earth’s magnetic field BV = B sinθ = 5 x 10-4 x sin30 = 2.5 x 10-4
Voltage developed between the ends = Bvlv = 2.5 x10-4 x 25 x 500 = 3.125V

10 Q: A metallic rod is rotated with An angular frequency ω, with one end hinged at the centre and the other end
at the circumference of a circular metallic ring of radius R, about an axis passing through the centre and
perpendicular to the plane of the ring. A constant and uniform magnetic field B parallel to the axis is present
everywhere. What is the emf between the centre and the metallic ring?

A:
As the rod rotates ,magnetic flux linked with it changes. An emf will induce on it
the magnitude of the emf generated across a length dr of the rod as it moves at right angles to the magnetic
field is given by
d ε = Bv d r

Thus the total emf indued

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11 Q: An electron moves in a circle with uniform speed in a stationary magnetic field normal to the plane of the
circle. If the field magnitude is made to increase with time, will the electron speed up or speed down? Will it
continue to resolve in the same circle?

A: As the magnetic field B increases with time, Lorentz force F’=Bev’ on the electron increases. As this force
provides necessary centripetal force (F=mv2/r),therefore the electron must speed up. Also , some energy is
spent up in increasing B with time. The electron there fore, should have higher energy by speeding up.
Further, F= mv2/r = Bev
r= mv/eB
The electron will not continue to revolve in circle of same radius, as rates of increase of B and v (with time)may
be different.

12 Q: Show that induced charge is Δɸ/R , where Δɸ is change in magnetic flux and R is resistance.

A: We have magnitude of induced emf, Є = Δɸ/Δt ………………..(1)

From Ohm’s law V=IR……………………………………………..(2)
Comparing (1) and (2)
Δɸ/Δt = IR………………………………………………………...(3)
But current I= Δq/Δt………………………………………………...(4)
Put 4 in 3 => Δɸ/Δt = (Δq/Δt ) R
Therefore, induced charge, Δq = Δɸ/R

13 Q: A generator coil with N turns rotating with angular velocity ω produce an induced emf Є. If the coil is
unwind and rewind so that number of turns becomes 2N.Find the new emf if it rotates with same angular
velocity

A: Induced emf Є = NBAω

radius of the coil = r, Area A = πr2
If N => N’, then Area A => A’
N’ = 2N
For 1 turn, length l = 2πr
For 2 turns , 2πr = 2π x 2r’
New radius r’ = r/2
New area A’ = πr2/4
New emf Є’= N’BA’ω = 2NB (πr2/4) ω = NBAω /2
ie; Є’= Є/2

Each question scores Four

Focus area
1 Q: a)Obtain an expression for energy stored in an inductor
b) Calculate the energy stored in an inductor of inductance 50mH when a current of 2A is passed through it.

A:
a) The rate of work done dW/dt = ЄI........................(1)
But Є = L dI/dt.............................................................(2)
Put 2 in 1=>
dW/dt = LI dI/dt
dw = LIdI
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 Thus work,

W = 1/2 LI2; This work is stored as energy

b) U = 1/2 LI2 = 1/2 x 50 x10-3x 4 = 0.1 J

2 Q: Derive the expression for mutual inductance of two co-axial solenoids

A:
The current I2 in S2 sets up a magnetic flux in S1
N1φ12 = N1B2A (Where A = area of flux linkage, B2 =Magnetic field due to current I2 of S2 )
N1φ12 = (n1l) (μ0n2 I2)A
N1φ12 = μ0n1n2 AlI2------------(1)
But,
N1φ12 = M12I2-----------(2)
Comparing 1 and 2, we will get M12I2 = μ0n1 n2Al I2
Thus mutual inductance, M12 = μ0n1n2 Al
The current I1 in S1 sets up a magnetic flux in S2
N2φ21 = N2B1A (Where A = area of flux linkage (same as above), B1 = Magnetic field due to current I1of S1 )
N2φ21 = (n2l) (μ0n1 I1)A
N2φ21 = μ0n1n2 Al -------------(1)
But,
N2φ21= M21 I1---------(2)
Comparing 1 and 2,we will get M21I1= μ0n1 n2AlI1
Thus mutual inductance, M21 = μ0n1n2 Al
M12=M21=M

3 Q: With neat figure, explain the working of ac generator. Obtain the expression for ac voltage

A:

Working
The basic elements of an ac generator are shown in Fig. It consists of a coil mounted on a rotor shaft. The axis
of rotation of the coil is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The coil (called armature) is
mechanically rotated in the uniform magnetic field by some external means. The rotation of the coil causes
the magnetic flux through it to change, so an emf is induced in the coil. The ends of the coil are connected to an
external circuit by means of slip rings and brushes.

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When the coil is rotated with a constant angular speed ω , the angle θ between the magnetic field vector B and
the area vector A of the coil at any instant t is θ = ωt (assuming θ = 0° at t = 0).
The magnetic flux at any time t is
φ = BA cos θ = BA cos ωt
From Faraday’s law, the induced emf for the rotating coil of N turns is
Є = - Ndφ/dt= -d( NBA cos ωt)/dt
= NBAω sinωt
ac voltage, Є = Є0 sin ωt
where Є0 = NBAω is the maximum value of the emf.

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