1. A basketball is dropped vertically onto the horizontal ground and bounces twice before being caught.

The
graph shows how the velocity of the basketball varies with time.

(a) Suggest why the downward sloping lines are

all parallel.
(1)

(b) (i) State the reason for the upwardly sloping

dotted lines.
(1)

(ii) Describe how the gradient of the dotted lines

would change if the basketball was not fully
inflated. (1)

(c) Calculate the initial height through which the basketball fell. (2)

2. The graph shows how displacement varies with time for an object which starts from rest with constant acceleration

(a) Use the distance-time graph to determine

the speed of the object at a time of 4.0 s.

(3)

(b) Calculate the acceleration. (2)

3. The toy aeroplane in the photograph has a spring mechanism connected to the wheels. When the
aeroplane is pulled backwards, the wheels rotate backwards and a spring is compressed. When the
aeroplane is released, the force from the spring propels the aeroplane forwards.

The aeroplane is pulled backwards, released and

then moves forward in a straight line along a flat
surface. The simplified acceleration-time graph for
the forward motion of the aeroplane is shown.

(a) Show that the maximum velocity of the aeroplane is about 3 m s-1. (2)

(b) On the axes below draw the corresponding velocity-time graph for the aeroplane. (3)

(c) Calculate the total distance travelled

by the aeroplane after release.

(3)
LAWS OF MOTION
QUESTION 1

The diagram shows three passengers sitting on a train

that is travelling at a high speed in the direction shown.
Seat belts are not used on trains. With reference to one
of Newton’s laws of motion, explain why seat C is the
safest seat for a passenger to be sitting on in the event of
a rapid deceleration. You may assume that the seats all
remain fixed firmly to the floor and do not break.
[4]

QUESTION 2

Use Newton’s first law of motion to explain why he falls backward [3]
 With reference to newton’s laws of motion,
explain why holding on to the vertical pole
prevents the passenger to fall off.
[5]

QUESTION 3
Apply Newton’s laws of motion to explain the three observations in the experiment. [6]
Bottom coin Flicked coin ● The bottom coin is knocked out from under the stack

● The flicked coin stops

● The stack drops down

Stack
SCALED VECTOR DIAGRAM

EXAMPLE 1
A bird is flying due west with a velocity of 5m/s. A strong wind blows with a velocity of 10ms-1 400 east of north.
Draw a scaled vector diagram to determine actual velocity of the bird in the grid provided below.

EXAMPLE 2

(a) Forces of 19 N and 16 N act on a box at angles to the horizontal

of 7° and 74° respectively, as shown.
Construct a scaled vector diagram on the graph paper to determine
the resultant of the two forces. (4)
(b) A force of 45 N is applied to the box at an angle of 30° to the ground as shown. Complete the free-body
force diagram for the box. Assume the surface of the ground is not smooth. (2)

(c) Determine the normal contact force of the ground on the box.
mass of box = 4.0 kg (4)
PROJECTILE MOTION WORKSHEET

1. In a game of netball, a goal is scored when the ball passes through the ring at the top of the net

(a) On the diagram below draw the path the ball should take if a goal is to be scored. (1)

(b) A student is given the following information for a particular attempt at a goal.
initial velocity of ball on release = 4.5 ms-1
release angle of ball = 60° from the horizontal
horizontal distance from centre of ball to centre of ring = 1.5 m
(i) Show that the time taken to travel the horizontal distance of 1.5 m is about 0.7 s. (3)

(ii) Calculate the vertical displacement of the ball when it has travelled a horizontal
distance of 1.5 m and hence comment on whether a goal will be scored.
vertical distance of ring from release point = 0.70 m (4)

(iii) Explain how air resistance would have affected the calculation in (b)(i). (2)
2. While the train is moving at a constant speed, a passenger throws a ball horizontally out of a window as
shown in figure 1

(2)

(2)

(2)
COMBINED CONCEPTS
(4)
Work Energy Power Worksheet 2

May 2019 Question 12

Treadmills may be used in a gym. To increase the difficulty of the training, the gradient
of the treadmill can be increased.

Jan 2018 Question 12

A crane is used to remove an object from the bottom of a lake. The object is a cylinder of height h and the depth
of the lake is D, as shown in Figure 1. The cylinder is moved vertically through the water at a slow and steady
speed. The cylinder comes to rest in a position where it is completely above the surface of the water, as shown
in Figure 2. The diagrams are not to scale.

The graph shows how the tension in the cable varies with distance as the cylinder is lifted from the bottom of
the lake to its position in Figure 2.

(a) State expressions for the distances P and Q. (2)

Distance P =

Distance Q =

*(b) Explain the shape of the graph. (5)

(a) Rain consists of droplets of water of different sizes. Explain why larger droplets of rain reach the ground
more quickly. You may assume that the upthrust acting on a rain droplet is negligible. (4)

(b) Rain is falling vertically through the air with a velocity of 8.5 m s–1. Due to the wind, the air is moving
horizontally at a speed of 12.0 m s–1, moving the rain with it.

(i) Draw a scaled and labelled vector diagram for a raindrop. (3)

(ii) Hence determine the resultant velocity of the rain. (2)

Magma consists of molten rock and gas and is found beneath the surface of the Earth. During a volcanic
eruption the magma rises to the surface and pours through an opening in the Earth’s crust. As the magma rises,
the pressure decreases and bubbles of gas expand and rise through the magma.

(a) Explain why the bubbles rise faster through the magma as they start to expand. (3)

(b) The table shows three types of magma: basaltic, andesitic and rhyolitic.

Explain through which magma type the bubbles will rise with the greatest velocity. (2)

A coin is dropped from the top of a tall building. The coin may fall in either position X or position Y, landing a
time t after being released.
 (3)

(3)

(ii) A second identical coin is pushed horizontally off the top of the building with an initial velocity of
0.60ms–1. Calculate the distance from the base of the building that this coin will land. Assume that this
coin also falls in position X and reaches terminal velocity almost instantly. height of building = 305 m
(3)
The photograph shows a long rubber band being used to launch a model aeroplane. The following graph shows force
against extension for the rubber band.

(3)
1. Kinetic towing of cars is a method that can be used when it is difficult for a towing car to achieve sufficient grip, such
as in snow or sand. A nylon strap is connected, with a lot of slack, between the two cars. The towing car drives
forward and the strap must become stretched before it is able to pull the trapped car free.

*(i) Explain why, even if the towing car had then stopped, the trapped car would still begin to move. (2)

(ii) The nylon strap used for kinetic towing typically has a breaking strain of 25%.Steel cables, often used for towing cars
along roads, typically have a breaking strain of 0.02%.It can be assumed that the nylon strap and the steel cable both
obey Hooke’s law. Show that, for the same pulling force and just before breaking, a nylon strap can store over 1000
times more energy than a steel cable of identical initial length and cross sectional area. (3)

(iii) Suggest why steel cables are not suitable for kinetic towing of cars. (1)

2. A contact lens is a thin plastic lens placed directly onto the eye to correct vision. Contact lenses are commonly made
from a silicone hydrogel material. The Young modulus of the material used in a contact lens can determine how well
the lens fits the eye and how well the lens functions at correcting vision.

(a) State the meaning of the term Young modulus. (1)

(b) Suggest how the fit of a lens and its function are affected when it is made from a material with a high Young modulus. (2)

(c) To investigate the properties of a contact lens, a lens manufacturer placed a rectangular sample of a silicone hydrogel
material in a tensile testing machine and a tensile force was exerted on the sample. The resulting stress-strain graph for
the sample is shown.

(i) Show that the Young modulus of the silicone

hydrogel is about 0.6 MPa. (2)

(ii) When a force of 0.101 N is applied across the sample, a strain of 8% is produced. Determine the thickness of the
sample. width of sample = 5.5 × 10−3 m (4)

*(iii) The thickness of a lens is not uniform. An actual lens is placed in the tensile testing machine. Explain why the
extension produced is greater where the thickness of the lens is smaller. (3)