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Types of Machine Learning 7

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15 views3 pages

Types of Machine Learning 7

Uploaded by

varunu070
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Types of Machine Learning

Machine learning can be broadly categorized into three types:


supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement
learning.

Supervised Learning:
Supervised learning algorithms aim to find a mapping between
input variables (features) and output variables (labels). The
training data consists of input-output pairs, and the algorithm
learns to generalize from these examples to make predictions on
unseen data. Common supervised learning algorithms include
linear regression, logistic regression, and support vector
machines.

Unsupervised Learning:
Unsupervised learning algorithms explore the underlying
structure of the data without any predefined labels. These
algorithms aim to discover patterns, group similar instances
together, or reduce the dimensionality of the data. Clustering
algorithms such as k-means and hierarchical clustering, as well
as dimensionality reduction techniques like principal component
analysis (PCA), are popular unsupervised learning methods.
Reinforcement Learning:
Reinforcement learning involves an agent interacting with an
environment and learning to take actions that maximize a reward
signal. The agent explores the environment, receives feedback,
and adjusts its strategy accordingly to optimize long-term
rewards. Reinforcement learning has been successfully applied
in areas such as robotics, gaming, and autonomous systems.

Deep Learning:
Deep learning is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on
using artificial neural networks inspired by the structure and
function of the human brain. Deep neural networks consist of
multiple layers of interconnected neurons, allowing them to
learn complex representations of data. Convolutional neural
networks (CNNs) excel in image and video processing tasks,
while recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are suitable for
sequential data analysis.

Feature Engineering:
Feature engineering involves selecting and transforming the
relevant input variables (features) to improve the performance of
machine learning models. This process requires domain
knowledge and creativity to extract meaningful information
from raw data and create informative representations for the
algorithms.
Evaluation Metrics:
Evaluation metrics are used to assess the performance of
machine learning models. Common metrics include accuracy,
precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curve. The choice of evaluation metric
depends on the nature of the problem and the desired trade-offs
between different performance aspects.

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