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Full Wave Rectifier

electronics lab

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68 views7 pages

Full Wave Rectifier

electronics lab

Uploaded by

VARAPRASAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

2 FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

AIM: DATE:
To construct a half-wave rectifier circuit and analyze its output with and without filter.

COURSE OBJECTIVE: To impart adequate knowledge on electronic devices and circuits.


COURSE OUTCOME: Developing Power Supply Circuits.
LEARNING OUTCOME: Competency in designing, constructing, analyzing, and troubleshooting full wave rectifier
circuits, and applications in converting alternating current to direct current.

EQUIPMENT:

S.NO NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS QUANTITY


1 PN-Diode IN4001 2
2 Decade Resistance Box 1KΩ 1
3 Voltmeter 0-30V DC 1
4 Ammeter 0-20mA DC 1
5 Transformer(step down) 230V/0-9V 1
6 Capacitor 1000µF/16V 1
7 Dual trace CRO 20MHz 1
8 Bread board 1
9 Connecting wires Required 1

THEORY:
A device is capable of converting a sinusoidal input waveform into a unidirectional waveform with non zero
average component is called a rectifier.
A practical full wave rectifier with a resistive load is shown in the circuit diagram. It consists of two half wave rectifiers
connected to a common load. One rectifies during positive half cycle of the input and the other 2rectifying the negative half
cycle. The transformer supplies the two diodes (D1 and D2) with sinusoidal input voltages that are equal in magnitude but
opposite in phase. During input positive half cycle, diode D1 is ON and diode D2 is OFF. During negative half cycle D1
is OFF and diode D2 is ON. Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) is the maximum voltage that has to be with stand by a diode
when it is reverse biased. Peak inverse voltage for Full Wave Rectifier is 2Vm because the entire secondary voltage
appears across the non-conducting diode. The output of the Full Wave Rectifier contains both ac and dc components. A
majority of the applications, which cannot tolerate a high value ripple, necessitates further processing of the rectified
output. The undesirable ac components i.e. the ripple, can be minimized using filters.
Ripple Factor, r = √ ¿ ¿ ¿
ℑ 2ℑ
Substitute Irms= and Idc=
√2 ❑
Ripple Factor = 0.482
Pdc
Efficiency  =
Pac
Substitute Pdc = Idc2 RL
Pac = Irms2 Ri
Efficiency  = 81.2%

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Full wave rectifier without filter

Full wave rectifier with C- filter


PROCEDURE: (WITHOUT FILTER)

1. Connecting the circuit on bread board as per the circuit diagram.


2. Connect the primary of the transformer to main supply i.e. 230V, 50Hz.
3. Connect the decade resistance box and set the RL value to 1000Ω (1KΩ)
4. Connect the Multimeter at output terminals and vary the load resistance (DRB) from 100Ω to 1KΩ and note down the
Vac and Vdc as per given tabular form.
5. Disconnect load resistance (DRB) and note down no load voltage Vdc (V no load)
6. Connect load resistance at 1KΩ and connect Channel – II of CRO at output terminals and CH – I of CRO at
Secondary Input terminals observe and note down the Input and Output Wave form on Graph Sheet.

PROCEDURE: (WITH CAPACITOR FILTER)

1. Connecting the circuit on bread board as per the circuit diagram.


2. Connect the primary of the transformer to main supply i.e. 230V, 50Hz.
3. Connect a capacitor (1000µF) across the resistor.
3. Connect the decade resistance box and set the RL value to 1000Ω (1KΩ)
4. Connect the Multimeter at output terminals and vary the load resistance (DRB) from 100Ω to 1KΩ and note down the
Vac and Vdc as per given tabular form.
5. Disconnect load resistance (DRB) and note down no load voltage Vdc (V no load)
6. Connect load resistance at 1KΩ and connect Channel – II of CRO at output terminals and CH – I of CRO at
Secondary Input terminals observe and note down the Input and Output Wave form on Graph Sheet.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Check the wires for continuity before use.
2. Keep the power supply at Zero volts before Start.
3. All the contacts must be intact
TABULAR FORMS:
WITHOUT FILTER:

O/P Voltage (Vo) Ripple factor=


Load Resistance % Regulation=
S.No Vac/Vdc
RL (Ω)  VNL-VFL/VNL*100
Vac (V) Vdc (V)
1 100
2 200
3 300
4 400
5 500
6 600
7 700
8 800
9 900
10 1K

WITH CAPACITOR FILTER:

O/P Voltage (Vo) Ripple factor=


Load Resistance % Regulation=
S.No Vac/Vdc
RL (Ω)  VNL-VFL/VNL*100
Vac (V) Vdc (V)
1 100
2 200
3 300
4 400
5 500
6 600
7 700
8 800
9 900
10 1K
GRAPHS

Full wave rectifier wave forms

PRE-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:

1. What is a rectifier?
2. How Diode acts as a rectifier?
3. What is meant by ripple factor?
4. What is meant by regulation?

POST-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:

1. What is the maximum efficiency (η) of a full wave rectifier?


2. What happens to the o/p wave form if we increase the capacitor value?
3. Define the efficiency of the rectifier?
RESULT:

Signature of the Faculty

EVALUATION:

Marks
Description Marks Awarded
Allotted
Identification 3
operation 3
Performance / result &
4
viva-voce.
TOTAL 10

MINI PROJECT (STUDENT ACTIVITY)

APPLICATIONS:

1. Mobile phones, laptops, charger circuits.


2. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) circuits to convert AC to DC.
3. Our home inverters convert AC to DC.
4. LCD, LED TVs.
5. Car Alternator to charge the batteries during the running of the car.
6. LED Driver Circuits.
7. Audio Amplifier.
8. Radios.

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