FIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 ARC’s 2023 CLE Memory Aid (FORENSIC SCIENCE) 11. Light rays of short wavelenaths occurring in the vilet and ubraviolet parts ofthe spectrum, ‘which produce chemical changes - UV 2. A forensic scientist, an army officer and 2 pioneer in forensic ballistics; considered as the father of belistics “CALVIN H. GODDARD 3. An optical problem or ABERRATION that occurs when all incoming light rays end up focusing at different points after passing through 2 circular surface ~ SPHERICAL ‘ABERRATION ‘4. Common optical problem that causes a fat object to appear sharp only on certain parts of the frame instead of bring uniformly sharp across the frame ~ CURVATURE OF FIELD 5. An authentic document containing accurate and proper details which is approved by a recognized tody ~ STANDARD DOCUMENT 6. The forking or dividing of one line into two or more branches - BIFURCATION 7. The actual curved path of the bullets during its flight from the gun muzzle and the target — TRAJECTORY 8. In order to complete digestion in human, it takes how many hours? 3-4 HOURS 9. How long is complete digestion takes place after eating 2 medium meal? 3~4 HOURS Note: Legal Medicine by Pedro Solis (pege 153) had this table depending on the size of ‘meal - 1. Light Meal ~ 1 & Ys to 2 hours, 2, Medium-Size Meal 3 to 4 hours, 3. Heavy Heal - 4 to 6 hours 10, At the scene of the crime, a gun was found rear the victim. What is the best way to pick up the gun of the suspect? USING A STRING OR A STRIP OF CLOTH, INSERT AT ‘THE TRIGGER GUARD 111, A method of psychological investigation in which the probers make use of truth serum” such asberbiturates during the questioning of the suspect? NARCOANALYSIS 42. A handgun with a rotating cylinder containing multiple chambers ~ REVOLVER 13, The fluid or viscous marking material used for writing or printing — INK 114 A handgun that can be fired several times with a cartridge stored in the handle - PISTOL, 415. A fingerprint pattern in which the ridges enter one side and will ow out on the other side, at the same time there is rising or waving at the center ~ PLAIN ARCH 16, The type of primer with two vents or flash holes -BERDAN [BOXER — one vent or flash holes 47. The range of illumination or the light allowed to affect the sensitized material at a given point - EXPOSURE 18. The retouching of a document - PATCHING 29. Single line undergo division or forking into several branches ~BIFURCATION 20, Process of removing unwanted outer areas from 2 photographic mage CROPPING 21, Also known as exposure time, in which the length of time when the film inside the camera is exposed to light - SHUTTER SPEED 22, Fingers that represent pairnumber 3in primary division— LEFT THUMB & RIGHT LITTLE FINGER 23, A feeling induced by a specific danger or threat when it is beyond the person's afroFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 defensive power that may resultto freezing andfleeng — FEAR 224. A person who can be permitted to express his opinion about scientific issues involved in a lawsuit - EXPERT WITNESS 25, Images or impressions obtained by moving the finger from one side to the other in a “nll to nail” manner = ROLLED IMPRESSION 26. Characteristics that is peculiar in every person's handurriting and unlkely to occur in other person or persons. They are also called the identifying properties. ~ INDIVIDUAL ‘CHARACTERISTICS 27, Produced when a mixture of powdered fabric dye and rubbing alcohol, then add glycerin and stir vigorously until completely dissolved - STAMP PAD INK 28. The result due to excessive finger motion to move the penail or any writing instrument = PERCHING 29, Muzzle device that muffle the acoustic intensity when the gun is discharged ~ SILENCER 30. A shooting incident happened and sx persons were found dead on the scene of the crime. While investigating, it was found out thatthe firearm involved was pistol sized ammunition. But having contained a shoulder stack because it was fired from a distance, The cime scene was ful of cartridge cases and only one empty magazine were recovered. If you are the investigator, what type of firearm wasused by the criminal? AUTOMATIC FIREARM 31. Dr. Benigno, a medico-legal officer, can say that molecular death is present when A. LOSS OF LIFE IN EVERY INDIVIDUAL CELL OF THE BODY. 32, Type of test in which the purpose isto follow-up after the subject is found lying in the bbasic test result presented previously ~ PEAK OF TENSION TEST 33, What isthe science of fingerprints for identification purposes? DACTYLOSCOPY 134. Speed of a projectile at the momentitt eaves the muzzle of the gun — MUZZLE VELOCITY 35. Refers to airy typeface; with use, the typefaces become filed wih tint, dit, and ink, particulary in enclosed letters, such as 0, e, p. and g - CLOGGED TYPEFACE 136 Principle of fingerprint study that states that it cannot be forged. It is reliable means of ‘identification — INFALLIBILITY ‘Basic Principles of Fingerprint ¥ Individuality (Francis Galton)-No two persons have the same fingerprint (based on Statistics Probabilty). 1 Infallbility-The fingerprint is @ positive and reliable means of identification. It carnot be easily forged. ¥ Constancy or permanency The friction ridge once fully eveloped its arrangement will remain ‘the same throughout man’s Ife. Ridges oppeor fiom 3rd toth month of fetus Ife and completed at Sth to 6th month betore birth. Its elo known as "From Womb to Tomb" principle 37. This type of question is used to establish or obtzin natural or normal response of the subject - IRRELEVANT QUESTION ‘38, Member of Indian Civil Service and first used fingerprints on native contracts in Jungipoor, Inda ~ SIR WILLIAM JAMES HERSCHEL, 139. The traveling distance of projectile when the gun is fred -MAXIMUM RANGE 40. Informally used to refer to any impression of, or left by, friction ridge skin — FINGERPRINT 41, Thot type of pattern in which at leest two deltas are present with @ recurve in front in each - WHORL 42, Irregular thickening of the ink line vhen the writing slows down or stops while the writer takes stock of the position — HESITATION 2teFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 43, The type of firearm commonly used in cavalry: CARBINE 444, He gave his name to a whole cass of firearms and manufactured the pocket pistol HENRY DERINGER 45, The diameter of a smoothbore firearms is determined through its gauge and is ‘measured by caliper. 446. Most ofthe ridges enter upon upon the other sice, as in the plain arch type; however, the ridge or ridges at the center do ‘not type of pattern with an anle, an upthrust and more than one characteristic of a loop — TENTED ARCH 47. Camera = ideal for police photography: SINGLE-LENS REFLEX TYPE ‘48. A notorious gang trying to eliminate his fingerprint with the use of acid: JOHN HERBERT DILLINGER 49, Part of film holder of a camera that usually houses the film cartridge: CAVITY '50. Wrting below each block with corresponding fingerprint pattern: BLOCKING 51. A test tat does not determine tne presence of alcohol in human body ~ FECAL TEST 52, Relevant Question - pertaining to issue under investigation; purpose: a. to cause specific response fram guilty or deceptive subject, b. to determine subjact’s involvement ‘53. Control Question ~ unrelated to issue under investigation but of similar in nature; purpose: to cause specific response from innocent or truthful subject ‘54, Irrelevant Question — no bearing to issue under investigation; purpose: to know normal pattern of tracing of subject RELEVANT ‘CONTROL TRRELEVANT ‘A. Mention of Crime A. Quasi-Relevant ‘A. No mention of crime 1, Mention of crime 2. No specificity & Spectei © Gusset B We emai of aa 1 Reedy cae une]. No neti fie Imenoned in gueston investigation, 2. similarity investigation 2. Particulat mention of Person, place or thing ‘5S. In a case of killing Mr. Clean by shooting, the question: “Have you ever used or fired a gun?” CONTROL QUESTION 56. In a case of killing Mr. Clean, the question: Are you the one killing Mr. Clean?” RELEVANT QUESTION 57. Ina drugs case or “pot” session’, the question: “Do you smoke?" is what type of question? CONTROL QUESTION 58. Is your mother's name Dellah?- IRRELEVANT QUESTION 58. . An explosive made of nitroglycerin, sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay) and ‘Stabilizers; invented by ALFRED NOBEL-DYNAMITE 660. A phenomenon where the body temperature of a corpse rises or remains unusually high for up to 2 hours after death instead of falling -POST-MORTEM CALORICITY 661, Anemotional response to specific danger that appears io be beyond the person's defensive power. FEAR 662. Refrs any inhbition or activty of previous motion of an organism or of effector organ or part ofthe organism resultng from stimulation or suggestion.-RESPONSE 663. A forensic test to indicate whether a person has recently fred a gun, in which the person's hand is coated in hot paraffin wax which cools and sets and is peeled off and tested for the MICI REVIEFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 presence of residue fom the gun.-PARAFFIN TEST 64. A camera lens designed for photographing smal subjects at very close distances. They ‘can focus much nearer than normal lenses, allowing you to fil the frame with your subject and capture more detail-MAGRO LENS. Photomicrography= Tating 2 magnified photograph of small object through attaching a camera to the ocular of compound mieroscope so 2: to chow 3 minute detail of the physical evidenca, Photomecrography = Taking e magrified (enlarged) photograph of small object by attaching an extended ‘tube lens (macro lens) tothe camera. PROCESS PRODUCT Photomicrography Photomicrograph (Shows minute details) Photomacrography Photomacrograph (enlarged photograph) ‘Microphotography ‘Microphotegraph (reduced image) Telephotography Teleprotograph (image of far distance OBE) 65. One of the micro-crystal confirmatory tests forthe blood that is frequently used in forersic laboratories. Iti alco called Hemochromogen test, and a positive result is indicated by the pink feathery crystals of pyridine-hemochromogen -TAKAYAMA TEST 66. A sensiive test for the presence of blood (as in utine or feces) based on the production of ‘a ive color upon contact with soluton of benzidine, hydrogen peroxide, and glacial acetic ‘acid. BENZIDINE TEST 67. Actual pattem or curved path of bullet in fight TRAJECTORY 68. Aunit of ammuntion, made up of a cartidge case, primer, powder, and bullet. Also called a “round”. or “load”. Sometimes incorrectly called a “bullet” CARTRIDGE 68. Consists of one or more ridges which make or tend to make a complete circuit, with two or ‘more deltas, botwoon which, whon an imaginary line is drawn. at least one recurving ridge within the inner pattern area is cut or touched.-PLAIN WHORL 70. A weapon originally designed, made, and inended to fire @ projectie (bullet) from one or ‘more barrels when held in one hand, and having: a chamber(s) a8 an integral parts) of. or permanently aligned with, the Dore(s); and a short stock designed to be gnpped by one hhand at an angle to and eatending below the line ofthe bore(s)-PISTOL, 171, Death of all individual cells with the body-MOLECULAR DEATH 72. Slart of RIGOR MORTIS, LIVOR MORTIS, and CELLULAR DEATH-8 to 6 hrs after doath 7A. Also called standards, are legally admissible authentic samples of handwriting used for ‘comparison with questioned witing -EXEMPLARS 74, A branch of forersic medicine dealing with teeth and marks left by teeth (as in identifying criminal suspects or the remains of a dead person)-FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY 75. A fngerprint pattern in which the ridges enter on one side of the impression and flow or tend to fow out the other side with arise or wave in the center-PLAIN ARCH 76. A PNP applicant maripulated his birth certificate to qualify the service. In his applicaton form, there are a lol of discrepancies such as addition and deletion of numbers. - ALTERED DOCUMENT 71. The art of determining the character of a person by the analysis of his handwriting: GRAPHOLOGY 78 When a bullet is fired from 2 gun, what makes a bullet rotate? RIFLING 7. Adevice that fits over the muzzle of the barrel to muffle the sound of a gunshot: SILENCER 180, Thetermbalistics wasderived from the Greek word ballein” which means to THROW. 831. With the use of 29. A part of ammunition made up of metal or copper, intates the ‘combustion of propellant -PRIMER 82. Three ways to take photographs: 1.OVER-ALL VIEW, 2. MEDIUM VIEW, 3. CLOSE-UP VIEW; NOTE: Wide-Angle View is rot included. 83. A sub-feld of balistics concerned with the behavior and eects of a projectile when it hits and transfers its energy toa target-TERMINAL BALLISTICS 84. The part of ballistics that deals withthe behavior of a projenile in fight - EXTERNALIEXTERIOR BALLISTICS. Alpage AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 885. The application of chemical science or chemistry in so¥ing or proving the crime in the court oflaw.- FORENSIC CHEMISTRY 86. Type of firearm having 2 magazine enclosed in it-PISTOL, 87, HANG FIRES happen when the firing pin has struck the primer and there's a delay before the gun fires. This can occur for several reasons, such as a faully firing pin or spring, defective primer, or other cartridge-elated problems. A MISFIRE is when the primer fais to ignite the powder. 8 Test in identtying blood if tis human or non-human: PRECIPITIN TEST 89. Who discovered HOLOGRAM: DENNIS GABOR ‘90, Who discovered HELIOGRAPHY: JOSEPH NICEPHORE NIEPCE ‘92, A type ef print patern in which one or more friction ridges enter on one side of the print ‘curve up and around and back down, then flow out on the same side ofthe print from which itentered-LOOP 92. The patterns to which numerical values are assigned in deriving the "primary" in the extension of the Henry System of fingerprint classification used by the Federal Bureau of Investigation are the whorl-type pattems, which occur in about 30 percent of ail fingerprints. WHORL ‘93, That type of pattern in which atleast two deltas are present witha recurve in flont in each.~ WHORL ‘94 Plastic fngerprinis (fingerprints on wax, candle, soap, clay. and. other putty substances) ‘are generally preserved by CASTING. 95. Light rays of short wavelengths occurring in the violet and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum, which produce chemical changes-UV 96. A forensic scientist, an army officer and a pioneer in forensic balistics; considered as the father of balistics -CALVIN GODDARD 37.An optical problem or ABERRATION that occurs when all incoming light rays end up focusing at diferent points after pessing through a circular surface-SPHERICAL ABERRATION 38. Common optical problem that causes a flat object to appear sharp only on certain parts, fof the frame instead of bing uniformly sharp across the frame-CURVATURE OF FIELD 39, An authentic document containng accurate and proper details which is approved by a recognized body- STANDARD DOCUMENT 440. When the polygraph examination of the suspect is finished, evaluated, and submited ‘who can determine whether the suspect is innocent or guily? TRIAL JUDGE. 41. The forking or dividing of one line into two or more branches-BIFURCATION 442. The actual curved path of the bullets during its fight from the gun muzzle and the target- ‘TRAJECTORY 44. How long is complete digestion takes place atter eating a medium meal? 3-4 HOURS Note: Legal Medicine by Pedro Sols (page 153) had this table depending on the size of meal= 1. LIGHT MEAL - 1 & 1/2t0 2hours, 2. MEDIUMSIZE MEAI-3 fo 4hous, S.HEAVY HEAL-4 to 6 hours ‘45. At the scene of the ciime, a gun was found near the victim. What is the best way to pick up the gun of the suspect? USING A STRING OR A STRIP OF CLOTH, INSERT AT ‘THE TRIGGER GUARD ‘46, A method of psychological investigation in which the probers make use of ruth serum” uch a¢ barbiturates during the questioning of the cucpoct? NARCOANALYSIS, 47. A handgun with 2 rotating cylinder containing multiple chambers-REVOLVER ‘48. The fuid or viscous marking material used for writng o* printing INK 49, A handgun that can be fired several mes witha cartridge storedin the handle-PISTOL 50. A fingerprint patter in which the rioges enter one side and will low out on the otner side, al the same time there isrising or waving at the center-PLAIN ARCH 51, The type of primer with two vents o flash holes-BERDAN, In the questioning of the suspect is called NARCO-ANALYSIS METHOD 97, The deflection of a bullet from its normal path after hitting a resistant surface: RICOCHET 98. An adjustable opening that controls the amount of light that will pass through the lens: S|hoce AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 99. A film that is sensitive to UV radiation and primary colors: PANCHROMATIC FILM 4100. The handguns thet can be fired several times with a cartridge stored in the hande: PISTOLS, 101, The usual result from contact with other writings: SMEAR. ‘102, Instrument used measuring the PITCH OF RIFLINGS: CALIPER 4103. The utmost use of photography in police work: FOR RECORDING 4108. The term beng used when the writer signs a document as an acknowledgment: ‘SIGNATURE ‘Advantages of using cartridges: a. The loading of the weapons is not time consuming, b. ‘A uniform charge fram shot to shot, c. To avoid waste of powder from spilage. Note: Soldiers carry bags of powder and ammunition all the time. 105. Examination being applied when an examiner needs to discover the physical details on ‘the document when is NOT seen by the naked eye: INFRARED LIGHT 106. There are several test techniques which are commonly used on the examination, the use ‘of such will depend on the nature of the case investigated. The lest techrique thats used \when the so-called questions are prepared forthe test: GENERAL QUESTION TEST 107. This Is the instantaneous rigidity, a rare form of muscular ngidty that occurs at ne ‘moment of death and perssts into the rigor mors: CADAVERIC SPASM 108. The father of percussion ignition: ALEXANDER JOHN FORSYTH. 103. Whor's containing ridges that match the characteristics of whorl sub-grouping: ‘ACCIDENTAL WHORL-2 or more deltas; combination of two different pattems with the ‘exception of a PLAIN ARCH. 119. The retouching of a detective portion of writing in questioned document examination PATCHING 111. The primary purpose of pre-test interview. TO PREPARE THE SUBJECT FOR THE POLYGRAPH TEST 112. Perscnal identiication aided by dental characteristics: FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY 113. The aff of determining the character of a person by the analyss of his handwriting GRAPHOLOGY 4114. When a bullet is fired from 2 gun, what makes a bullet rotate? RIFLING 115. A deviee that fits over the muzzle of the barrel to mule the sound of a gunshot SILENCER 4115. The term ballsics was erived from the Greek word "ballein’ which means to THROW. 117. With the use of sodium peniothal in the questioning of the suspect is called NARCO- ANALYSIS METHOD 118. The deflection of a bullet from its normal path after hiting a resistant surface: RICOCHET 119. An adjustable opering that controls the amount of ight hat will pass through the lens: DIAPHRAGM 420. Aflm that is senstive to UV radation and primary colors: PANCHROMATIC FILM 121, The handguns that can be fired several times with a cartridge stored in the handle: PIsTOLs: 422, The usual result from contact with other wrlings: SMEAR 4123, Instrument used measuring the PITCH OF RIFLINGS: HELIXOMETER 4128. The utmost use of photcaraphy in police work: FOR RECORDING 325. The term being used when the witer signs a document as an acknowledgment ‘SIGNATURE 125. Advantages of using cartridges: a. The loading of the weapons is rot ime consuming. b. ‘A uniform charge from shot to shet, ¢. To avoid waste of powder from spillage. Note: Soldiers carry bags of powder and ammunition all the time 127. The act of emoving the pen trom the paper: PEN LIFT 128. Categories of Fingerprins: THREE 129. In fingerprint, the CORE and the DELTA are also termed as FOCAL POINTS: 4230. Entrance wound: burning of tissue and blackening of skin distance: ABOUT 6 INCHES 131. Manner of waking-GAIT¢) IMI REVENCENTER fey] (099971 79006/09458902127 4132. A shott ridge that runs between wo other parallel idges, sometimes called a ‘railway tie BRIDGE 133. Erasure 1s by means of sharp object: MECHANICAL ERASURE 134. Aperture 10 use when taking a photograph of scene with more light: SMALL ‘APERTUREDDIAPHRAGN. 4135. The cistance wherein the lens of the camera is focused on a given specific diaphragm HYPERFOCAL DISTANCE 4136. These are questions about wrongdoings, they are unrelated but similar and less serious ‘in nature: CONTROL QUESTION 4137. The center of the pattern area: CORE 138. Part of a camera that focuses light from a subject: LENS. 139. Terminology used when explosive is ignited: DETONATION 4140. Drugs that increase physiological activities: STIMULANTS 11a1. Drugs thal decrease physiological activities: DEPRESSANTS 42. Methed of deception-detaction which wae introduced in 1879 by Sic Francie. Galton WORD ASSOCIATION TEST 143. SKY Questions are included in the BACKSTER TECHNIQUE 1148. The process of counting the ridges that are touched or cut by the imaginary line drawn ‘between delia and core: RIDGE COUNTING. 145. Branch of ballistics which deals wih the examination of bullet thatis fired from a pistol for ‘court presentation: FORENSIC BALLISTICS. 1148. Art of beautiful writing: CALLIGRAPHY 47. Art of ugly or bad writing: CACOGRAPHY 4148. . Who qualifies a foronsic chemist ac export? COURT: the judge destares him as an expert. 149. - Man without fingerprints: ROBERT JAMES PITTS 1150. The process of making out what is illegible or what has been effaced. DECIPHERMENT 4151. Refers to the usual or normal deviatons found in a repeated specimen of individual handwriting: NATURAL. VARIATIONS: 152._It i the rise of temperature of the body alter death because of, an early putrefaction: ‘CALORICITY 153. The rule when there is a choice between a bifucation and another possible deta: BIFURCATION IS SELECTED. 4158, The nearest ard fathest distance in the same sharpness: DEPTH OF FIELD 4155. Determining the identty of the author or a typewriter: GRAMMAR 155. Photography was discovered in what year: 1839, 4157. What do you call the target practice when the poice officer is allowed a time of 40 ‘seconds to complete a fire? UNLOAD AND SHOW CLEAR 158. Muzzie Blast-sound created at the muzzle end of gun barrel ater explosion 459. _X=Start of Test 1160. Purposes of Polygraph: a. ascertain if person is telling the truth, b. locate the fruits or todis of the crime and whereabouts of wanted persons, €. obtain additional investigaton Jeads to the facts ofthe case/otfenses 161. GHIROSCOPY-science of paimprint iventifeation 1162._ Primary Ciassication - numerical value: pair 1-fingers 182: 16 bair2-fngers 3 & 4:8 pair 3 fingers 5 & 6:4 pair 4.fingere 7 & 8:2 pair Singers 9 810-4 Ast 2nd 3rd 4th 5” 16 16 8 8 4 eth 7th ath 9th 10th 4 2 2 1 1eudy Smarter not Hardec™ AMICI REVeNCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 Remember! ‘Wher! larg ang may valve All rumerators (Even numbers): ‘All enominators (Odd numbers): 163. Grooves-depressed portion in gun barrel 161. Patten Area-area where the delta,core and ridges are located 165. ALPHONSE BERTILLON-father of personal identification 166. What tests used when the so-called SKY question s being asked? BACKSTER ZONE ‘COMPARISON 1167. A photographer can menage too much existence of light by the us@ of narrow lens ‘opening 168. Papyrus - eariest material used as paper purposes in ancient times, 309. Alexander John Forsyth-father of percussion ignition 170. COL. CALVIN H. GODDARD- created the comparison microscope as indispensable tool {or firearm ldenufcatien 171. IRRELEVANT QUESTION-type of question about background of perso and not related. to te issue of investigation 47... RICOCHET-type of notion that is responsible forthe bouncing off of bulletin different ‘itection after hiting a hard object. 472. VOLAR SKIN -refers to the palmar and plantar portions of the hans and feet, respectively. 174. How fo pick up @ gun ina crime scene? Use handkerchief or non-metallic string on trigger guard 17s, Requested Standard -requesied by investigator for purposes of comparative ‘examination, can be assured that writing is current as &is executed infront of investigator; there is possibilty of tentonal distortion 175. THUMB - rolled towards the body: OTHER FINGERS-rolled away from the body 177. RADIAL LOOP-low of ridges: towards the THUMB 478. TENTED ARCH - ridges enter on one side, make a WAVE or RISE at the center, and terminate on the other side 179. Forensic Science-science applied to law 180. Holographic Document - completely written and signed by one person; also known as. hholograph 181. Primer.ignites combustion of gunpowder m2. SIR WILLIAM JAMES HERSCHEL father of chiroscopy 183. COMBUSTION - rapid cxidation of fuel accompanied by heat & light 184. INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERSTICS-ptysical evidence that has a highest degree of robabiity 1185. BLOCKING-naming or identiying of fingerprint pattern in each block of finger 185. SHADING- wicening of ink stroke due to added pressure on flexible pen point or to use of stub pen. 187. REFLECTION-bouncing back of ight 4188. REFRACTION.change of direction of the wave due to change in speed 189. DIFFRACTION- bending of light around small obstacles or objects 190. UTTERING-ac’ of passing a counterfeit coin 191. TRANSPARENT OBJECT -allows sufficient visible light to pass: object on other side - ‘clearly seen 192. TRANSLUCENT OBJECT - allows light to pass but diffuse; objects on other side - not ‘clearly distinguished 193. OPAQUE OBJECT - greatly diffuse light, object on ther side -very dificult, if not impossible, to recognize 191. - HANDWRITING - result of a very complicated series of acts, being used as 2 whole, ‘and combination of certain forms of visible mental and muscular habits acquired by long, al CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 ‘continued painstaking effort 4195. In ridge counting a whortin the final classification, the whor is treated as ULNAR LOOP. 195. 3-4 hrs: dgeston of food in the stomach 197. DEPTH OF FIELD - nezrest & farthest object in same sharpness 198, FOCAL LENGTH-dstance fom opal centr of ens to fim plane when ls is stor cus atinfirity position 193. Elemonts of Cartridgo: Bullet, Cartridge Case, Gunpowder, & Primer 200. Principle of Individuality- no two persons are exactly the same. 201. Truth Serum Method -using drugs or extract information from suspect 202. Fist requirement in inking a finger: GLEAN THE HANDS: 203. KYMOGRAPH - part of polyoraph drives a paper at the rate of 6 or 12 inches per minute 208. Where wil the bullet pass through? GUN BARREL 205. PEN LIFT-interruption in stroke caused by removing writing instrument (per) from paper 205. Father of Poroscopy EDMOND LOCARD 207. . FRICTION SKIN located along the underside of fngers, palm, soles, comugated skin structure 208. To focus light, what partof camera being used? LENS. 209. TECHNICAL EXAMINATION - field of criminalistcs that determines whether a bullet is fired oF not, oaded or extracted from a particular gun 210. STAB WOUNDS- caused by sharp-pointed & sharp-edged instrument 211. . FRICTION SKIN -also referred to as papilary or epidermal ridge 212. PLASTIC PRINTS ‘ingerprint on putty substances ke wax. candle, clay, etc. 213. SLANT-angle or indinaton of axis of letters relative to baseline 211._ Polygraphmachine is capable of recording: a. breathing, b.Skin Conductivity, ¢. Pulso Rate, d. Blood Pressure 235. Discovered two layers ofthe skin (dermis & epidermis) ard one layer is named atter im, ‘MARCELLO MALPIGHI 215. LYING - conveying or uttering falsehood or misleading impression 217. DERMIS. innermost layer of skin 2s. DSLR digital single lens reflex 219. Ina case of kiling by shooting, the question: “Do you know who owns the firearm near the victim?” s what type of question? CONTROL QUESTION 220. DULL SUNLIGHT-no shadow 22. ‘TRAJECTORY - actual pattern or curved path of bullet in fight, 2. ‘Smooth bore firearm: Shotgun 223. Bore diameter ofa shotgun: Gauge 22 ‘Spiral grooves of barrel of firearm for purpose of imparting gyroscopic stability to projectile to improve is accuracy: Rifling 225. Gun maker: Manufacturer ‘volume, and preseure of gases resulting from combustion of ‘propellant charge in gun; itis also deals with work performed by expansin of these gases ‘on gun, its cartridge, and projectile: Interior ballistic 227, Latin “forum”: Marketplace 2. ‘Passage of projectile through space or air: Exterior Ballistic 223. ‘Main types of firearm: Artillery and Small Arms 230 Bullet containing barum nitrates; sets on fie when bullet is projected: Tracer bullet 231... Physician is using stethoscope, a question document examiner is Magnifying glass 2m. Penetration of bulet: Terminal Ballistic 233._Discipline of forensic science that has its primary concem determination if bullet or sug, ‘cartridge case or other component was fred from particular firearm: Forensic Ballistic 238... Point on first ridge formation at or directly in font or near center of the divergence of typeline: Delta 235. Ten squares or blocks: Rolled Impression 236. Run parallel, then diverge o: separate and surround or tend to surround pattern area: ‘Type tines: 2a. Energy at muzzle point: Muzzle energy 2a. Lie-detector Polyaraphy 238. ‘Speed of bullet per unit of ime: Velocity S|roce AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 : 280. Purpose of Post Mortem Investigation: Cause of Death 241, Bulet first starts forward without turing that before bullet can begin to tum, it moves ‘orward small distance and this makes front of groove in tullet wider than rear part. This, ‘more pronounced in revolver: Skid 282. . Brass or guidng metal cup: Primer 242. “Means of determining cause of death: not primary use of photography in police work 248. In question document examination, things whose origins are known: Standard. 24s. ‘Ruled or imaginary line upon which writing rest: Baseline 245. Simplest form of forgery is: Spurious 2a. ‘One complete turn equivaient o 360 degrees: Pitch of ritings: 248. Stands of “tripod” of camera: 3 248. Character print right or eft ofits proper positon is known as: Horizontal Misalignment 250. Center or hear of fingerprint pattern: Core 251. Goes back over another wing stoke: Retracing 252. Collation: side by side examination 253. Within ype lines in which appears the core, deltas and ridges: Pattern Area 258, Tented Arch: T 255, Blood is a human or non - human orign: Precipitin test 256 ‘Type face becomes filed with int, dt, and ink: Clogged 257. Document being questonet 2s to is ofgin and is producon is calle: Question cument 258._ Systolic blod pressure: W.M.Marston 259, Records changes in biood pressure: Cardlosphymograph 260. . Records thoraric and abdominal boathinge pattern of cespration: Preumograph 261._In conduc of polygraph, this is sign by the subject: Walver 262. Gomplete circuit having two or more detas; Whort 263._ Retouching or going back over defective portion of @ writing stroke can be described as: Patching 264. Printing surface of type block is known a8: Type face 265. Post. martem lity is accumulation of blood in mast dependent porton of body giving ‘ull what particular color Red or purplish color 265. Hypostatic vty oscurs how many hours after death due to cessation of crculation? 6- ‘hours 267. Hours person may not be allowed smcking prior o his orher polygraph examination:2 268. olor ot gunpowder nitrates win dipnenyamine reagents: Blue specks 268. Development f breast female usually commence at: 13-14 yrs old 270. General ule n taking photograph: Held at eye level 27. | Accessory of camera used to eliminate camera movement: Triped 27. ht ot science in application of princple of ptotography. preparation of photographic ‘evidences and application to police work Police Photography 273. Last photograph shot while in crime scene: Shots indicating escape route 274. Barrel of any firearm considered as a complete firearm 275, Resut of le detectors tes: Investigative leads 276. Color of gunpowder nitrates with dipnenyiamine reagent: Deep bWve. 277. Courts of iaw: Forensi 278 Fireams dentiicaton & questioned document look or individual charactorstics. Inpolygraoh testing, how many questions is ideal? 12 ‘Legal defniton of firearm includes muskets .Bladed weapon with sherp edges canrot couse hematoma Downward movement of cardio pen caused by rest cycle of heart Diastolic in a'pot session" or drugs case, the question, “Do you ever smoke"? Control Jn post mertem vidi, iinvolves only supericil layers of Skin 288. Exhibit shown in court for scrutiny by itigants: Hand exhibit 285. Natural size photograph Standard 267. Polygraph examination means detection of deception 30] Pace AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 288. “Emotion of fear” present on a lying subject: Fe of exposure 2289. Fingerprint pattern usually found in loops and whoris is: Type lin 20._ In firearms, individual characteristics are generally found in: Interior surface of the gun barrel 201, Land marke-caused by the lands 292, Groove marks -caused by the grooves 293. Skid marks - due to worn-out, oily, or slightly oversized barrels; more pronounced jn revolver 294. Stripping marks/shaving marke-due to bullet jumping’ the. Rifing 295, Slippage marks -due to worn-out, oly, o slightly oversized barrels 298, Male can stane move loss of loo 297. Hemorrhage -Ioss of blood or blo escape from the circulatory system 298. To be admissible, among others, it must be shown that declarant was conscious of his impending death 299. Mission of document expert is to determine Wrote or signed 300. Photograph of evidence firearm that cannot be produced in court the firearm itsett is needed 3201. Strong acid cannot bum completely fingerprints 202. Al fingers are rolled away from body of subject except: Thumb 203, Presence of bloodstain and semen in bed, incicative of sexual abuse of minor 308. In photographing car involved in crime, See to i that you record, indicate or show in the ‘photograph its plate number 305. Good pen control is sign of forgery in guided: Hand signature 206... You can prove that confession was voluntarily given through presentation of: ‘Statements 307, Bulk stock of fim stored in Refrigerator 308. Wounds which finficted may cause immediate death of victim: Mortal 303. "Dermal nitrate test” to determine presence of gunpowder: Nitrates: 310. . X-rays, ultra violot rays and infra-red rays outside of visible raye of electromagnetic ‘spectrum “4 PHOTOGRAPHIC RAYS OF MODERN PHOTOGRAPHY X~ays-1 to 30 nm UV rays-30 10 400 nm Visible light 400 to 700 nm Inared rays-700 to 1,000+nm. 311. Obscuring of writing by superimposing ink, pencil or other marking material: Obiterated apace MIC! REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 312. Forged document: Spurious: 313._ Infrared rays: Discovered by William Herschel in 18th Century; properties: Absorption {& Reflection, Thermal Properties, Refraction 218. Color of the ultra-violet powder in money bile when subjected to UV lamp Briliant yellow 4315. Act of finding out something which is made obscure or secret is called Detection 316. 317. Cadaveric spasm: stiffening of certain group of muscles; moment of death; volent deaths {due to extreme nervous tension, or even fatigue camination Quasi-Rigor Mortis ‘© Heat Stiffening -exposure to }75°C: coagulation of muscle protein (rigidity of muscles); body assuming puglstic atttude ‘© Cold Stiffening- frozen body; cause: solidification of fat ‘+ Cadaveric Spasm: aka. instantaneous rigor; cause: extreme nervous tension, exhaustion & injury te nervous system or injury to chest Rigor Mortis: ‘+ Latin: igor stitfness", mortis “of death” ‘Limbs of corpse sti & diffcult io move or manipulate + Starts:3-6 hrs atier death © Fuly develops: 12 hrs after death + Gradually dscipatos: 48-60 hre after death 318. Photomicrography used especially in examination of Strokes\ 4319. Otherterm for Dulles are projectile and:bal 320. In polygraph testing, the subject is required to answer questions either by: yes or no 321. Braininjury characterized by malfunctioning of brain tselfis called cerebral concussion 322._ Physical nesses that under that condition a persons unfit for le detector’s tests: Heart ‘condition and breathing disorder 222... Diaphanous test - living produces re¢ color but in dead, color ie: yellow Topic discusses about Methods of Detecting Cessation of Heart Action & Circulation (Salis) 2. Examination of Heart, 4. Palpation of Pulse -wist & at neck 2. Auscultation for Heart Sound at Precordial Area-hear sound 3. Fluoroscopic Examination-seeing shadow of heart when contracting 4. Electrocardlograph heart beat recorded by electrocardiograph machine bb. Examination of Peripheral Circulation 1, Magnus’ Testtying ligature around base cf finger. (1) alive -no blood ste tied wiigature; (2) dead-no change in cobr 2. Opening of Small Artery - (1) alve -blood jerking; (2) dead -no jerking 3. leard's Test injection of tuorescein. (1) alive - ski: greenish-yellow discoloration; (2) dead - no discoloration 44, Pressure on Fingernails - (1) alive - paieness on site of application of pressure; (2) dead - no change of color 5, Diaphanous Test fingers spread wide & vewed thru strong light. (1) alve - red; (2) dead - yellow (3) aive(anemic).yellow; (4) Alive carbon monoxide posoning-yellow 6. Application of Heat on Skin -(1) alve - blister, (2) dead-no blister 7. Palpation of Radial Pulse -fecling with fingers. (1) rtythmic pulsation of vessel: (2) ddead-not pulsation 8. Dropping of Melted Wax-cropped on breast! )alive-intammatory edema (ewelling) at site of application; (2) dead-no inflammatory 328, Writer uses hisiher entre arm in writing: Wok Four Movements of Writing ‘© finger movement-push-and-pull movement + hand movement.iateral movement + forearm movement - elbow is pivct of lateral movement jm aI Pace AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 ‘+ whole arm movement - Ornamental penmanship, blackboard writing, and by few writers in making al capital letters 325. Printing heavier on one side: off its foot ‘Some alignment defects: horizontal malalignment. printrightiet of position vertical malalignment-piint/abovelbelow its postion “tltedtwisted” characters - leanrightieft of slant Rebound-double impression 325. Other terms for land and groove marks are rifling 327. Records respiratory movement: Pneumograph 328. Class characteristics of a 9mm Browning pstol: 6 lands, 6 grooves, right hand twist, + Golt Type:6-L-G2x + S8W TypesS-R.G=L + Army Type:4-R-G3x + Stoyr Type:4.-RG=L Webley Type:7-R-G3x Browning Type:6-R-G2x Movement of bullet direct, rotatory and translational ‘Subject wil respond to all accusaiory type of questions: Gullt complex reaction Peak of Tension Test Given if eubjoct not aware of dotalls of offonso ‘Atout 7 questions: 1 specific bearing of case ‘Specific question: details of incident w/c could not have been to subject Truthful subject:no tension build up Guilty subject: peak of tersion Guilt Complex Test Given when response to relevant & control questions similar in degree & consistency ‘Questions: new series of relevant questions deaing wi real incident-wic subject could not have committed ‘+ No response to added relevant questions: deceptive to primary issue ‘© Similar response to real issue: no conclusion Sllont Answor Tost + Subject instructed to answer wo verbalresponse + Effective when subject's verbal response causes distortion in tracing such as sniff or clearing of troat 331. In polygraph testing, emotional response of body: reaction 332, Mustio photograph all visible fingerprints before iting same 333... Plain whorl alvays wit two (2) deltas 334. Onoscope: optical instument being inserted inside gun barel to examine its intemal ‘surface 335, Subjects sweat lands: Galvanograph section 336._ Divides itselt into two (2) ridges: Bifurcation 337. Simple seducton-unfuled promise of marriage: Deceit 338. Qualifed Seduction (Ar1337, RPC) + Ordinary Qualified Seduction ‘Victim: vrgn over 12 yrs & under 18 yrs old Ottencer: Personin public authority Prest House servant Domestic Guardian 3B] Pace MIC! REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 : Teacher ‘Any person entrusted w/education/custody of woman seduced Elements: ‘Viti: virgin; over 12 butunder 18 yrs old Sexual intercourse Sexual act: abuse of authorityiconfidence ‘Abuse of authority Person in public authority Guardian Teacher Person entrusted w/ education/custody of woman seduced ‘Abuse of confidence Prest House-servant Domestics Incestuous Qualified Seduction Cffender-victim relationship: blood relationship Victim: not necessariy virgin: underiover 18 yrs old Penalty: higher tan ordinary qualifed seduction Elements: Sexualact Blood relation of victim & offender Simple Seduction(art338RPC) Elements: ‘Victim: over 12 but under 18 y's olf; singlerwidow of good reputation ‘Sexvalintercourse Sexual act by DECEIT DECEIT: promise of mariage 329. Determining document -geruine and not altered: Photograph with special fiters, ‘Transparent and sloping lights, Ultraviolet and infrared lights 340. Matetils which delonates or explodes when subjected to shock or heat: blasting cap (primen 341. Bending of light around an objec gives rise to phencmenon called: diffraction 342. Rim ciameter smaller than its body: Rebated a. rebated type-smaler b. rimmed type-protuding €. belted type-protruding metal arcund body of eartidge d. rimless: im at level witn Dody of cartridge €. semi-rimmed- rim slightly prouding 343, Longest range of sensitiv in electromagnetic spectrum Infrared film 344, Polscnous gas smell ike rotten egg: H2S (nydrogen sulfide) 345._ Process of dissolution of tissues by digestive action of ts enzymes and bacteria resultng ‘to iquefacton of tissues and liberation of foulsmeling gasps: Putrefaction + Seponiication: ak.a, adipocere formation - fatty tissues of body — soft brownish-white substance (adipocere) =) “conversion ofan ol or fa into.a soap..." ‘+ Decomposition: aka. rotting - process by which organic substances are broken down into simpler forms of matter.” Taphonomy: science dealing widecompositon + Maceration = “Softening ofthe tissues after death by autolysis, especially ofa stllbom fetus.” 345. Entomology of cadaver, usual time for egg to be hatched into larvae 24 hrs after death 347. Normal developing time for normally exposed film using a D-76 developer: Five to six ‘minutes 1a] Pace AMICI REVIEW CENTEReudy Smarter not Hardec™ AMICI REVeNCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 348. Fixing time of negative or photograph Five to seven minutes 349,_ Steel lock closes the rer o the bore against the force of the charge: Breechblock 350. Bones in adult human: 206 351. Kind of skin dry, dead & peoled away from surface skin: Searf skin 352. Polygraph test: Questions must NOT all be inthe form of accusations 353, Primary purpose of pre-test interview: Prepare subject for polygraph tost 358. Presence of Natural Variation: not forgery 355. Complete, contnuous, persistent cessation of respiration, circulation and almost al brain funaton of an organiom: Somatic doath 356, Visible rays react on some substances so that visible ight is reflected, phenomenon ‘known as Fluoresconce 357._ Black and white photography because it produces the most natural recording of eoers: anchromatic film 258. Prefix indicating cobs reversal: Kodachrome 359.__Detemnines how effectively moving object can be stopped, that is, how sharply itcan be Teproduced without biuring, orstreeking in nal mage: Shutter speed 360. ‘Do you know who rob the store”: Relevant 361, Rigor moris for time of death 362, Parts of hair: a. Cortex b. Medulla ©. Cuticle Indispensable or very important thing or things in photography: Light 363. Lightaight box with fim, lens and shutter: Camera 368._ Interior Ballistics involves study of velocity of bulletinside barrel 382. Fingerprint pattern in which the ridge goes towards litle finger: Uinar 365. First use fngerprints as means of identification: Chinese 366. Polygraph: investigative lead 367. Element of armor-percing bullet: tungsten chrome stoo! 368. “Are you the diver ofthe escape vehicle in the victim's house? Relevant 369. Incipient ridge have no count even ifits passing or touching an imaginary line 370. Polygraph test - pregnant womanimerstruation: discontinued 371. Science of fingerprint identiication: dactyloscopy 372. In case of rape, the best document is medicolegal roport 373. To protect questioned document from excessive heat and light, itshould be placed in a ‘dry place and stored. 378, Equal to the human eye: normal lens 375. Most common death by asphyxia: Strangulation 376. Propel projecties less than one (1) inch in diameter: Small firearms a7, Bullet pass through Barrel 378. Normal developing time of a paper film: 5 -10 minutos 37. Asphyxla means loss of oxygen ‘Strikes primer: Firing Pin 3a. Plain whorl always have two (2) or more deltas: NO Persons reaction which involves lose of contact wth reality: psychosis ‘Wavelength refers to the electromagnetic spectrum - visible and invisible light. Dull sunlight, aithough in open space and cloudy, cast ne shadow In polygraph examination, the question must not be in a form of Accusation Photograph: Secondary Evidence Ridge countof fist loop appearing excluding litle fingers: Key First step i Crme Scene Photographing: Full view crime scene photographing ‘Three-legged device commonly uses in the studio: Tripod ‘390. Glossy ink printed vertically in genuine banknotes which can be seen by naked.eye to ‘allow detection by ordinary layman: Security thread 31. Firearm thatis designed to shoot only one shot every loading: Single shot firearm 392. Initiates or makes the primer ignite: Fling Pin SERERERE a5] Pace AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER (099971 79006/09458902127 393. Serves as paper feed mechanism: Kymograph 398. Suggested use of photography in forensic science and establish world's earliest laboratory in Switzeriand: Archibald Rudolph Reiss 395. 4 parts of a cartridge: bullet, cartridge case, gun powder andprimer 395. - Sound produced by gun: Muzzle blat 397, Document wetten entraly inhandwritng of person whose signature it bears: Holograph 398. Part of camera that can minimize and reduce opening: lens opening or aperture or diaphragm 389. In polygraph examination, ood pressure tracing is found in bottom. 400. ‘Science of frearms: Forensic Ballistics ai. Regular occurrence due to movement of writings: Rhythm ‘402. Coins word photograph: Herschel 03. Human skin is pale and waxy looking, this is due to the absence of blood ‘ereulation | 4408. I demmis is completely destroyed, can it be restored: NO 405. Unusual and deep breathing is indication of deception 4405. Father of Modem Polyaraphy: Leonarde Keeler 4407._ In questioned signature examination, number of standard specimen required is atleast 6 4408. 4 principal blood groups: A, B, AB, 0 ‘409. Total take in crime scene ‘photography: meaning photcgrarhing all angles possible: ‘purpose: to reflect the entire area 420. . Regulation & Exclusion of light: “Lights rflested or radiated by a eubject must reach the sensitized materials while all other lights mustbe excluded. 411. . Other Principles of Photograpty: a. photograph - mechanical & chemical result of 'photography, b. development - making formed image visible: 1. Actual scene: more light = opaque oF black shade; 2.Too little light = transparent or white shade; 3. Complete Image = varying shade of gray 412. Psychoses - loss cf contact with realiy; neurosis - no loss of contact with reality 4213. Papillary ridges-formed when sill inside the mother's womb and remain unchanged throughout fe until decompositon 418, Entrance & oxit or ingress & ogress photographing murder/robbery/euicide 4415. Firearm should be property wrapped and placed in a container for endorsement to the ‘crime laboratory to preserve It. 416. .. Infrared examination - uses invisible radiation beyond the red portion af the visble ‘spectrum 417. Putrefaction foul-smeling gases/gasp a8. Explosive bullets- contains a charye of high explosive 12. Principle in QDE: Questioned & Standard MUST be ORIGINAL, 420, Pistoia-iteral meaning: city 421, Pistole-iteral meaning: coin 422, Burned document charred document 423... Light-expert document examiners cannot give an opinion or conduct examination as regards a questioned document case without it 424. . Xray: equipment helps detect suspected contraband lke drugs, bombs, firearms and ete 425. . Camera body - part ofa camera which is basically an enclosure devoid of light 426. Photograph is the accurate representation of erime scone 427. . Carbon/China/India- cldest ink material known and used by ancent Egyptians 423. Principle of Ballistics - “No two (2) barrels are microscopically ake or identical as the internal surface of the bore or barrels al posses individual and characteristic markings of ther own" 429. No attempt should ever be made to develop fingerprints on any wet surface or to use ‘dusting techniques during rain because it will result tonothing but wastage. 430. Reaction-emational response of the body towards stimulis or questions asked. 33.5 yrs before & after - dates of the standard specimen 432. PlainiFixed/Simultaneous Impression -Impressions which are taken at the same time onthe fngerprintcaré 16> ace AMICI REVIEW CENTER¢) IMI REVENCENTER kSy—| (099971 79006/09458902127 433, Furrows-canabike impression found between the ridges. 434. DNA Fingerprinting - most expensive but liable and acceptable means of preserving ‘evidence and in he icentifcation of persons. 435. Charta-Latin word for paper 435. Papyrus-otign of word paper a7, Lone-comparable to the pupil of an eye 138. Taper Gauge - instument used in determining the bore diameter of firearm 429. _Rifling-other term of land and groove marke 440. Pattern Area-area surrounded by type line 4441, Alphonse Bertillon- ceciared witn scientie proofs that the human skeleton is ‘unchangeable afer the twentieth year 44a2._ In polygraph practice, the questions that isto be asked from the subject-stimulus 4443. Velocity-rate of speed of bulet per minute of time ‘448. Romberg's Test test for ntcxicaion whereby subject stands straight with heels iogetner ‘and with cloved eyes for at least one minute ‘445. Fixing-Process in photography entailing the removal of all unexposed and undeveloped Wver halides | 4445. . Depth of Field-nearestfarthestsharp 447. Cadaveric Spasm-Immediate stifening after death due to severe injury to the central ‘nervous center of when there was great tension ai time of death ‘448. Polygraph-other term of"lie detector” ‘449. Cardio sphygmograph - component of Ie detector machine responsible in recording pulse rate, amplitude and changes of blood pressure a7] Page AMICI REVIEW CENTERFIMIE 1 REViENCENTER os ‘noort re00eoa458002127 3B] Pace MICI REVIE