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BIOLOGY-TEST

biology test

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
25 views6 pages

BIOLOGY-TEST

biology test

Uploaded by

hanintalib21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPREHENSIVE TEST IN BIOLOGY

PART I
1. What is the basic structural unit of all living organisms? a) Atom b) Molecule c) Cell d) Tissue
2. Which organelle is responsible for energy production in a cell? a) Nucleus b) Golgi apparatus c) Mito-
chondrion d) Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane? a) Regulating transport b) Providing
structural support c) Synthesizing proteins d) Cell signaling
4. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? a) Lysosome b) Nucleus c) Ribosome d) Chloro-
plast
5. What is the process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy? a) Photosynthesis b) Res-
piration c) Fermentation d) Replication
6. Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? a) Protein synthesis b) Energy production
c) Lipid breakdown d) Modifying and packaging proteins
7. What is the primary function of the cell nucleus? a) Energy production b) Waste elimination c) Genetic
information storage d) Protein synthesis
8. Which of the following is found in plant cells but not in animal cells? a) Lysosome b) Centriole c) Nu-
cleus d) Vacuole
9. What is the process by which cells engulf large particles by wrapping the cell membrane around
them? a) Exocytosis b) Endocytosis c) Pinocytosis d) Phagocytosis
10. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell? a) Lysosome b) Peroxi-
some c) Mitochondrion d) Chloroplast
11. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? a) Protein synthesis b) Lipid synthesis c)
Energy production d) DNA replication
12. Which molecule contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living or-
ganisms? a) Protein b) Carbohydrate c) DNA d) Lipid
13. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? a) G1 phase b) G2 phase c) S phase
d) M phase
14. What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis? a) Carrying amino acids to ribosomes b) Synthesizing
mRNA c) Breaking down proteins d) Forming ribosomes
15. Which cellular structure contains enzymes that break down cellular waste and debris? a) Mitochon-
drion b) Nucleus c) Ribosome d) Lysosome
16. Which type of cell division is involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells)? a) Mitosis b)
Meiosis c) Binary fission d) Budding
17. What is the main function of the centrioles in animal cells? a) Photosynthesis b) Cell division c) Protein
synthesis d) Lipid storage
18. Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of
low concentration, without the use of energy? a) Active transport b) Facilitated diffusion c) Osmosis d)
Passive transport
19. What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells? a) Energy production b) Cell movement c) Providing
structural support d) DNA replication
20. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells? a) Mitochondrion b) Chloroplast c)
Nucleus d) Golgi apparatus
21. What is the term for the semi-fluid substance that fills the interior of a cell and surrounds organelles?
a) Cytoskeleton b) Cytoplasm c) Nucleoplasm d) Extracellular matrix
22. Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? a) Lipid synthesis b) Protein
synthesis c) DNA replication d) Energy production
23. Which of the following is NOT a type of cell junction? a) Gap junction b) Desmosome c) Plasmodesma
d) Cellulose junction
24. What is the main function of the ribosomes in a cell? a) Energy production b) Synthesizing lipids c)
Protein synthesis d) DNA replication
25. Which type of cell division results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the
parent cell? a) Mitosis b) Meiosis c) Binary fission d) Budding
26. Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells? a) Lack of a cell membrane b) Lack of ge-
netic material c) Presence of membrane-bound organelles d) Lack of ribosomes
27. Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell? a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome c) Cytoskeleton d) Lysosome
28. What is the primary function of the lysosome? a) Energy production b) Protein synthesis c) Digesting
cellular waste d) Photosynthesis
29. Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system? a) Endoplasmic reticulum
b) Golgi apparatus c) Mitochondrion d) Plasma membrane
30. During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the
cell? a) Prophase b) Metaphase c) Anaphase d) Telophase

PART II

Question 1: Which type of tissue provides support and protection to various body parts? A) Epithelial
tissue B) Nervous tissue C) Connective tissue D) Muscle tissue

Question 2: Which type of tissue lines the surfaces of organs and body cavities? A) Muscle tissue B)
Nervous tissue C) Epithelial tissue D) Connective tissue

Question 3: What is the main function of adipose tissue? A) Contraction B) Protection C) Storage of
fat D) Communication

Question 4: Which tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses in the body? A) Connec-
tive tissue B) Epithelial tissue C) Nervous tissue D) Muscle tissue

Question 5: Which type of tissue is found in tendons and ligaments, providing strength and flexibil-
ity? A) Adipose tissue B) Connective tissue C) Nervous tissue D) Epithelial tissue

Question 6: Which type of tissue is responsible for voluntary body movements? A) Nervous tissue B)
Muscle tissue C) Connective tissue D) Epithelial tissue

Question 7: What is the primary function of blood tissue? A) Protection B) Contraction C) Transport
D) Absorption

Question 8: Which tissue forms the inner lining of blood vessels and the heart? A) Epithelial tissue B)
Connective tissue C) Nervous tissue D) Muscle tissue
Question 9: Which tissue covers the ends of bones and provides cushioning? A) Muscle tissue B) Ner-
vous tissue C) Epithelial tissue D) Cartilage tissue

Question 10: Which type of tissue stores minerals and provides support to the body? A) Adipose tis-
sue B) Nervous tissue C) Bone tissue D) Muscle tissue

Question 11: What is the primary function of smooth muscle tissue? A) Voluntary movement B) Invol-
untary movement C) Conducting nerve impulses D) Supporting organs

Question 12: Which tissue type is responsible for producing red and white blood cells? A) Muscle tis-
sue B) Nervous tissue C) Bone tissue D) Connective tissue

Question 13: What is the primary function of nervous tissue? A) Contraction B) Support C) Communi-
cation D) Storage

Question 14: Which type of tissue is found in the skin and serves as a barrier against external factors?
A) Epithelial tissue B) Muscle tissue C) Connective tissue D) Nervous tissue

Question 15: Which tissue lines the respiratory passages and helps move mucus? A) Nervous tissue
B) Muscle tissue C) Cartilage tissue D) Ciliated epithelial tissue

Question 16: What is the primary function of cardiac muscle tissue? A) Pumping blood B) Digesting
food C) Voluntary movement D) Bone formation

Question 17: Which tissue type forms the framework of the external ear and larynx? A) Adipose tissue
B) Cartilage tissue C) Bone tissue D) Nervous tissue

Question 18: What is the main function of skeletal muscle tissue? A) Involuntary contractions B)
Pumping blood C) Producing body heat D) Supporting organs

Question 19: Which tissue type is responsible for producing and secreting hormones? A) Muscle tis-
sue B) Nervous tissue C) Endocrine tissue D) Epithelial tissue

Question 20: What is the primary function of simple squamous epithelial tissue? A) Absorption B)
Contraction C) Protection D) Filtration

PART III

Respiratory System:

1. Which of the following is the primary function of the respiratory system? A) Pumping blood B) Digesting food C) Ex-
changing gases D) Filtering toxins
2. Which structure is responsible for carrying air from the trachea to the lungs? A) Bronchi B) Alveoli C) Diaphragm D)
Epiglottis
3. The tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs are called: A) Bronchi B) Alveoli C) Trachea D) Pharynx
4. Which muscle plays a key role in the breathing process? A) Biceps B) Quadriceps C) Diaphragm D) Hamstrings
Circulatory System:

5. Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to cells and tissues? A) Platelets B) White blood cells
C) Red blood cells D) Plasma
6. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body through which major blood vessel? A) Pulmonary artery B) Aorta C)
Pulmonary vein D) Superior vena cava
7. Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called: A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries D) Lymphatics
8. The heart has how many chambers? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5

Muscular System:

9. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control? A) Cardiac muscle B) Smooth muscle C) Skeletal muscle D) Involun-
tary muscle
10. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system? A) Producing body heat B) Supporting the body's
framework C) Pumping blood D) Facilitating movement
11. What is the name of the tough connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones? A) Ligament B) Tendon C) Carti-
lage D) Synovium
12. Which muscle allows you to smile? A) Biceps B) Quadriceps C) Zygomaticus D) Pectoralis

Integumentary System:

13. The outermost layer of the skin is called the: A) Dermis B) Hypodermis C) Epidermis D) Subcutis
14. What is the primary function of sebaceous glands in the skin? A) Producing sweat B) Regulating body temperature
C) Producing oil (sebum) D) Generating vitamin D
15. Which of the following skin conditions is characterized by redness, itching, and inflammation? A) Eczema B) Psoriasis
C) Acne D) Athlete's foot
16. Nails are composed of a protein called: A) Collagen B) Keratin C) Elastin D) Melanin

Respiratory System:

17. The process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body's cells and carbon dioxide is transported
from the cells to the lungs is known as: A) Osmosis B) Filtration C) Diffusion D) Active transport
18. Which structure serves as a protective flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquids
from entering the respiratory tract? A) Bronchi B) Larynx C) Epiglottis D) Pharynx
19. What is the role of the mucus-producing cells in the respiratory system? A) Regulating blood flow B) Lubricating
joints C) Trapping dust and microbes D) Producing oxygen
20. The condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing, is known
as: A) Bronchitis B) Pneumonia C) Asthma D) Emphysema

Circulatory System:

21. Blood returning to the heart from the body enters the heart through which chamber? A) Left atrium B) Right atrium
C) Left ventricle D) Right ventricle
22. What is the main function of heart valves in the circulatory system? A) To regulate blood pressure B) To produce red
blood cells C) To prevent backflow of blood D) To generate electrical signals
23. The medical term for a heart attack is: A) Arrhythmia B) Hypertension C) Myocardial infarction D) Atherosclerosis
24. Blood is pumped away from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation through which blood vessel? A) Pulmonary artery
B) Aorta C) Pulmonary vein D) Superior vena cava

Muscular System:
25. Which muscle is responsible for bending the arm at the elbow? A) Hamstring B) Triceps C) Deltoid D) Biceps
26. Which type of muscle is found in the walls of internal organs and is responsible for involuntary movements? A) Car-
diac muscle B) Skeletal muscle C) Smooth muscle D) Voluntary muscle
27. The condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, resulting in twisting and repetitive movements, is
known as: A) Parkinson's disease B) Muscular dystrophy C) Epilepsy D) Dystonia
28. What is the main function of the muscular system in maintaining posture? A) Producing heat B) Providing energy C)
Supporting the skeleton D) Pumping blood

Integumentary System:

29. Which skin layer contains blood vessels, nerves, and accessory structures like hair follicles and sweat glands? A) Der-
mis B) Hypodermis C) Epidermis D) Subcutis
30. The pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color is called: A) Collagen B) Melanin C) Keratin D) Hemoglobin

Respiratory System:

31. The movement of air into and out of the lungs is known as: A) Ventilation B) Digestion C) Filtration D) Osmosis
32. What is the role of cilia in the respiratory system? A) Producing mucus B) Pumping blood C) Filtering air D) Propel-
ling mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract
33. Which gas is primarily transported by hemoglobin in red blood cells? A) Oxygen (O2) B) Carbon dioxide (CO2) C) Ni-
trogen (N2) D) Hydrogen (H2)
34. Which structure is responsible for controlling the flow of air in and out of the respiratory system? A) Larynx B) Phar-
ynx C) Trachea D) Bronchioles

Circulatory System:

35. The smallest blood vessels in the body, where the exchange of nutrients and gases occurs, are called: A) Veins B) Ar-
teries C) Capillaries D) Venules
36. Which component of blood is crucial for blood clotting? A) Red blood cells B) White blood cells C) Platelets D)
Plasma
37. The process of blood moving from the heart to the lungs and back is known as: A) Systemic circulation B) Pulmonary
circulation C) Coronary circulation D) Lymphatic circulation
38. Blood is oxygenated in the lungs and then transported to which part of the heart before being pumped to the rest
of the body? A) Right atrium B) Left atrium C) Right ventricle D) Left ventricle

Muscular System:

39. Which muscle allows you to extend your leg at the knee joint? A) Hamstring B) Quadriceps C) Gastrocnemius D)
Soleus
40. The condition characterized by the progressive weakening and wasting of muscles is known as: A) Osteoporosis B)
Muscular dystrophy C) Arthritis D) Fibromyalgia
41. What is the name of the tough, fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone? A) Ligament B) Cartilage C) Tendon D)
Synovium
42. Which muscle is responsible for allowing you to flex your forearm at the elbow? A) Triceps B) Biceps C) Deltoid D)
Trapezius

Integumentary System:

43. Which type of sweat glands are responsible for producing sweat primarily in response to emotional stress? A) Apoc-
rine glands B) Eccrine glands C) Sebaceous glands D) Melanin glands
44. The skin's ability to stretch and return to its original shape is due to the presence of which protein? A) Collagen B)
Keratin C) Elastin D) Melanin
45. What is the primary function of the integumentary system? A) Producing hormones B) Regulating body temperature
C) Synthesizing vitamins D) Pumping blood
46. Which skin condition is caused by an overproduction of skin cells, leading to the formation of thick, scaly patches? A)
Eczema B) Psoriasis C) Acne D) Rosacea

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