Scribd
Upload
13 views

GROUP 4 - Reliability of Instruments

Uploaded by

Tiziah Vylet Valeroso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

GROUP 4 - Reliability of Instruments

Uploaded by

Tiziah Vylet Valeroso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 39

GROUP 4- MAPEH

Reliability of
Instruments
Presentors:
▪︎ ABIOG
▪︎ BELLEN
▪︎ REOMALES
▪︎ VALEROSO
Reliability of Instruments
Reliability refers to whether or not you get the same answer
by using an instrument to measure something more than once.

In simple terms, research reliability is the degree to which


research method produces stable and consistent results.

A specific measure is considered to be reliable if its


application in the same object of measurement number of times
produces the same results.
Validity and Reliability
Types of Reliability
1. Test- retest 4. Inter- rater
2. Parallel Forms
3. Internal Consistencies
3.1 Split-Half
3.2.1 KR20
3.2.2 KR21
3.4 Cronbach's Alpha
1. Test- retest
The extent to which a questionnaire
administered the same group of people on two
different occasions yield the same result.

To determine the reliability coefficient using


test- retest, Pearson- Product Moment Correlation
coefficient is used.
2. Parallel Forms

Also known as Equivalent Forms, where


two different questionnaires administered
to the same group yield similar results.
Example: Table 1: Given
How to compute
Test-retest / Parallel Forms

Pearson- Product Moment Correlation (Pearson r)


Formula:

x= scores in Test 1
y= scores in Test 2
n= number of
respondents
Example:
Table 1.2: Computation
Computation
Pearson-
Product
Moment
Correlation

r = 0.83
positively high correlation
Table 1.3: Strength of Relationship between two tests

Result:
Pearson- product moment correlation coefficient was computed to
assess the reliability of two tests taken by the students.
It found out that there was a ALMOST PERFECT RELATIONSHIP existing
between the two tests which were taken.
3. Internal Consistencies
Internal Consistency reliability is the
extent to which all items within a questionnaire
yield similar results.

It measures the cohesiveness of the items


in the questionnaire.
3.1 Split-Half
Split-half method is used to measure the
consistency of the scores of a test by splitting
it into two parts and then both parts are given
to one group of students at the same time.
The scores from both parts are correlated.

The Spearman-Brown formula is applied to


the correlation to determine the reliability.
How to compute Split- Half
Pearson- Product Moment Correlation (Pearson r)
Formula:

Spearman- Brown Formula


Formula:
Example:
Table 2: Given
Example:
Table 2.1: Computation
Computation
Pearson-
Product
Moment
Correlation

r = 0.88
Computation (Spearman Brown Formula)

Pearson- product moment hence,


correlation coefficient was
computed to assess the
relationship between the two
parts taken by the
respondents.
Also, SPEARMAN BROWN
FORMULA was used to know the
correlation of each halves of
the test in the totality. 0.94
Table 1.3: Strength of Relationship between two tests

Result:
As a result, it found out that the reliability is about 0.936 which means,
the test taken by the respondents have an Almost Perfect or a Very high
Internal Consistency Reliability.
3.2.1 Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20)
The KR-20 is used for items that have
varying difficulty. For example, some items
might be very easy, others are more
challenging. It should only be used if there is
a correct answer for each question - it
shouldn't be used for questions with partial
credit if possible or for scales like the Likert
Scale.
How to compute using
Kuder- Richardson 20 Kuder- Richardson 20
Formula: k = number of questions

pi = number of people in the sample who


answered question j correctly

qi = number of people in the sample who


didn’t answer question j correctly

σ2 = variance of the total scores of all the


people taking the test = VARP(R1) where
R1 = array containing the total scores of all
the people taking the test.
Example:

A questionnaire with 11 questions is


administered to 12 students. The results are listed
in the upper portion of Figure 1. Determine the
reliability of the questionnaire using Kuder-
Richardson Formula 20.
3.2.1.a Using Excel
3.2.2 Kuder-Richardson 21 (KR-21)
KR-21 is a simplification of KR-20 arrived by assuming
all items are the same difficulty level. It requires that the
investigator must have the item analysis worksheet ready
before them and only then can he compute the reliability
coefficient.

The computation of the reliability coefficient through


KR-20 involves a considerable amount of work, but KR-21
does not demand item analysis but only the mean of the
test score.
3.2.2 Kuder-Richardson 21 (KR-21)
KR-21 can help a researcher measure the reliability of
the research instrument. Usually used in Binary Values.

Items scored/coded 1-0:


1 - Correct
0 - Wrong
How to compute
using Kuder- Richardson 21

Kuder- Richardson 21
Formula:
3.2.2.a Using Excel
3.4 Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach Alpha is a measure used to


assess the reliability of a set of scale or
test items. It is most commonly used when
you want to assess the internal consistency
of a questionnaire (or survey).
How to compute
Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient
Cronbach's Alpha
Formula:
Example:
A questionnaire with 11 questions is
administered to 12 students. The results are listed
in the upper portion of Figure 1.

- "Same example as in KR20 for comparison".


3.4.1 Using Excel
BLANK
Table 3: Interpretation of Internal Consistency
4. Inter-rater Reliability

Inter-rater reliability is the level of


agreement between raters or judges.
How to compute
Inter-rater Reliability

Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance


Formula:
How to compute
Inter-rater Reliability

Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance


Formula:
Example: (EXCEL)
END OF OUR REPORT,

Thank You!
Prepared by: GROUP 4
ABIOG
BELLEN
REOMALES
VALEROSO

You might also like