This document has been superseded.

For the latest

version go to
https://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/licensing-and-regulation/licensing/environment-
protection-licences/licensing-under-poeo-act-1997/licensing-to-regulate-water-
pollution/approved-methods-for-sampling-and-analysing-water-pollutants

Approved Methods
for the Sampling and Analysis of Water Pollutants

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in New South Wales

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The Environment Protection Authority (EPA) is a statutory body with specific powers under
environment protection legislation. In September 2003, the EPA became part of the Department of
Environment and Conservation (DEC).

This document was prepared by Environment Protection Authority and is published by DEC on behalf of
the EPA.
For technical information on the matters discussed in this document, contact the Department of
Environment and Conservation (NSW) on (02) 9995 5555.

Acknowledgments
Many people throughout the DEC have helped significantly with the development of this document. This

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document was prepared by Julie Currey and Gillian Dunkerley. The Analytical and Environmental
Chemistry Section (especially Roy Foley, Sohail Jahani, Julie Cattle and Chris Pang Way) generously
contributed their time and considerable expertise through several iterations of this manual. Considerable

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help was also given by staff of the Ecotoxicology and Water Science Section, the Economics Section and
the Operations Division. External peer review was provided by Richard Coghlan, Honway Louie, Ken
Newton, Danny Slee and Dr Robert Symons from the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories;
and by Kim Shearman, Dushanthi Wanninayake and Paul Moritz from the Victorian Environment
Protection Authority. e
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Published by:
Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW)
59–61 Goulburn Street Sydney
PO Box A290
Sydney South 1232
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Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard)

Phone: 131 555 (information & publications requests)
Fax: (02) 9995 5999
E-mail: [email protected]
Website address: www.epa.nsw.gov.au

The Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) and State of NSW is pleased to allow this
material to be reproduced in whole or in part, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source,
publisher and authorship are acknowledged.

ISBN 1 74137 051 5

DEC 2004/35
March 2004
CONTENTS

Introduction 1
Sample collection and handling guidelines 1
Methods of analysis 2
References 32
Appendix 1 Alternative names for analytes 36

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INTRODUCTION
This document lists the sampling and analysis methods to be used when complying with a
requirement by, or under, the environment protection legislation, or a licence or notice under
that legislation, to test for the presence or concentration of matter in water and the volume,
depth and flow of water or wastewater.
The environment protection legislation includes, among other legislation, the Protection of the
Environment Operations Act 1997 and regulations under it.
This document is referred to in:
• the Protection of the Environment Operations (General) Regulation 1998
• the Clean Waters Regulations 1972 (for the purposes of Classification of Waters)

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• the Load Calculation Protocol.
This document also may be referred to in conditions attached to statutory instruments issued by

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the Environment Protection Authority, New South Wales (EPA).
The following process should be followed in determining the sampling and analysis methods to
be used:
1. Use the specified method(s) on the relevant environment protection licence.
2. If no method is specified on a licence, use the method(s) specified in this document.
3.
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If no method is specified in this document, or if you wish to use another method for
sampling or analysis that is not included in this document, you must seek approval from
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the EPA before you commence sampling or analysis using that method.
In exceptional circumstances, the EPA may approve the use of alternative methods. Approval to
use alternative methods must be sought in writing from the EPA. In the first instance, licensees
should contact the EPA regional office that issues the licence.
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Where there is a choice of more than one approved method for an analyte, unless stated
otherwise by the relevant environment protection licence, a licensee may use any of the
approved methods given for that analyte, provided that the method can achieve the reporting
limits required for compliance with the licence. If there are no methods that will achieve the
reporting limits required, licensees should contact the EPA. Once a licensee has selected an
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approved method, however, that licensee must not then change to another method for the same
analyte without seeking permission in writing from the EPA.
In the sampling and analysis of water pollutants, the procedural details specified in the relevant
method in this document may be varied by the person carrying out the sampling or analysis,
provided that the variation is not such as can affect the results of the test and the person
conducting the test can establish that.

SAMPLE COLLECTION AND HANDLING GUIDELINES

A sample should be collected so that it is representative of the condition being investigated, and
in a manner consistent with the collection, handling and preservation principles enunciated in
Standards Association of Australia (1998) AS/NZS 5667.1:1998, and APHA (1998) section 1060.
If there is any inconsistency between these references, Standards Association of Australia (1998)
prevails.

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METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Analyses should be undertaken by a laboratory accredited to perform those analyses by an
independent accreditation body acceptable to the EPA, such as the National Association of
Testing Authorities (NATA), or equivalent.
Such analyses should conform to the generic methods prescribed at Part 1000 of APHA (1998),
covering quality assurance, data quality, expression of results, method development and
evaluation, and laboratory procedures. These generic methods are applicable to each of the
methods approved below for specific analytes.
Methods approved by the EPA for specific analytes are listed in Table 1. Where there are
multiple methods, some may be indicated as preferred methods. These methods are preferred
because they use modern equipment and/or particular techniques that are most practicable

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and/or give the most reliable results. However, because in some circumstances it may not be
possible to gain access to the most up-to-date equipment or laboratories accredited for all
methods, acceptable alternatives are given.

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How to find an analyte in the table
Analytes are listed in alphabetical order, generally on the basis of the main analyte considered.
For instance, Faecal Coliforms are listed under Coliforms, and Total Suspended Solids under
Solids. Both the groups of analytes and the individual analytes that fall into each group are
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listed. For instance, Organochlorine Pesticides include Aldrin and Dieldrin, among others: both
of these are also listed separately. If the analytes listed on the licence are not listed in Table 1,
refer to Appendix 1, which gives alternative names that are sometimes used for the listed
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analytes.
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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Acenaphthene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310
Acenaphthylene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or

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*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or

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*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

Acrolein USEPA (40 CFR, 1994d) method 603; or

UESPA (1994a) method 8316; or
e USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
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Acrylonitrile USEPA (40 CFR, 1994d) method 603;
USEPA (1994a) method 8316; or
USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
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Aldrin APHA (1998) section 6630; or

APHA (1998) section 6410; or
*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Alkalinity (bicarbonate) APHA (1998) section 2320

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Alkalinity (total) APHA (1998) section 2320

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Aluminium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3111E; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020† ; or
*APHA (1998) section 3500-Al
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Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
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Anionic surfactants APHA (1998) section 5540

Anthracene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
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*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or

*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Antimony (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020AThen use *APHA (1998)
section 3111B; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or

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USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
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Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Arsenic (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
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USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or

USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3113; or
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*APHA (1998) section 3114; or

*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020† ; or
*APHA (1998) section 3500-As
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Atrazine USEPA (1998a) method 8141B
Barium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A

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Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
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Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Benzene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
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*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or

*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Benzidine APHA (1998) section 6410; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
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Benzo(a)anthracene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

Benzo(a)pyrene APHA (1998) section 6440; or
Benzo(b)fluoranthene *USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
Benzo(e)pyrene *USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
Benzo[ghi]perylene *USEPA (1986b) method 8310
Benzo(k)fluoranthene

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Beryllium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3111E; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

alpha-BHC APHA (1998) section 6630; or

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beta-BHC APHA (1998) section 6410; or

*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Biochemical oxygen demand APHA (1998) section 5210B, using APHA (1998) section
4500-O for the determination of dissolved oxygen
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* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Boron (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3120; or

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USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or

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*USEPA (1994f) method 6020† ; or
*APHA (1998) section 4500-B
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Bromide APHA (1998) section 4110; or
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APHA (1998) section 4140; or
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APHA (1998) section 4500-Br
Bromoform APHA (1998) section 6200; or
APHA (1998) section 6232; or
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*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or

*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
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* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Cadmium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Calcium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
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USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or

USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
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Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

*APHA (1998) section 3111D; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020† ; or
*APHA (1998) section 3500-Ca
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Carbamate pesticides APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 6610; or
Includes: *USEPA (1994e) method 8318; or
carbaryl USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
methomyl
Carbaryl APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 6610; or
*USEPA (1994e) method 8318; or
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A

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Carbon tetrachloride APHA (1998) section 6200; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or

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*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

Chemical oxygen demand APHA (1998) section 5220

Chlordane and isomers (cis, trans and APHA (1998) section 6410; or
total)
APHA (1998) section 6630; or
e *USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
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Chloride APHA (1998) section 4110; or
APHA (2001 supplement) section 4110; or
APHA (1998) section 4140; or
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APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl B; or

APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl E
Chlorinated phenoxy acid herbicides APHA (1998) section 6640; or
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Includes: *USEPA (1996f) method 8151A; or

2,4-D USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
pentachlorophenol Note: When using method 8321A it is recommended that
2,4,5-T samples be hydrolysed to the ester form to simplify
analysis.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Chlorine (combined residual) APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl F; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl G
Note: The loss of free chlorine because of reaction with
organic material and/or with reducing agents, and/or by
volatilisation from water samples can make analysing for
Chlorine (total residual), Chlorine (free residual) or
Chlorine (combined residual) difficult. As a result, the

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most appropriate analytical technique to demonstrate
compliance with a licence limit is likely to be analysis on
site using a kit. The only kits that are acceptable to the
EPA are those that use a portable spectrophotometer or

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colorimeter to measure the colour development that
indicates the concentration of chlorine present. Kits that
use comparison with a colour chart to determine
concentration are not acceptable. Normal QA procedures
must be followed. These include the analysis of blanks
with every batch of samples, and the use of certified
e chlorine standards on each occasion the kit is used (if it is
not used every day) or weekly if the kit is used
constantly. Samples need to be taken immediately before
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analysis and need to be taken in bottles, such as BOD
bottles, that can be filled completely. The bottles should
be wrapped in foil. These directions are based on the
requirements set down in the APHA methods listed
above for chlorine analysis. If the concentration of
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chlorine being measured is likely to be around 0.05–

0.2 mg/L, it will be necessary to validate the detection
limit for the specific wastewater being analysed and the
kit being used for the analysis.

Chlorine (free residual) APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl D; or

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APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl F; or

APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl G; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl H
Refer to note on the use of kits, under Chlorine (combined
residual).

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Chlorine (total residual) APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl B; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl C; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl F; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl G; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Cl I

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Refer to note on the use of kits, under Chlorine (combined
residual).

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Chlorobenzene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Chloroform APHA (1998) section 6200; or
e APHA (1998) section 6232; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
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1-Chloronaphthalene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
2-Chlorophenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or
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APHA (1998) section 6420; or

*USEPA (1996) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Chlorophyll a APHA (1998) section 10200 H

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Chlorpyrifos USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or

USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Note: Chlorpyrifos may be analysed using USEPA
method 8270C, provided that the extraction is performed
at a neutral pH as per method USEPA 8141B.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Chromium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111C; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020
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Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Chromium (hexavalent) APHA (1998) section 3500-Cr; or
AS 2882—1986; or
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USEPA (1994b) method 218.6; or

USEPA (1992d) method 7196A
Chromium (trivalent) Trivalent chromium is to be calculated:
Cr 3+ = Cr (acid extractable) – Cr6+
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Chrysene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Cobalt (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
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Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Coliforms: APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 9221; or

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(a) Total coliforms APHA (1998) section 9222; or

APHA (1998) section 9223; or
AS 4276.4—1995 and AS 4276.5—1995

(b) Faecal coliforms

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APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 9221; or

APHA (1998) section 9222 or
AS 4276.7—1995
Colour (true) APHA (1998) section 2120
Conductivity APHA (1998) section 2510

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Copper (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A followed by
*APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

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*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
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extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Coronene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

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APHA (1998) section 6440; or

*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310
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Cyanide (amenable to chlorination) Preliminary treatment, if required, APHA (1998 or 2001

supplement) section 4500-CN– B; followed by
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– G; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– H
Cyanide (free) Preliminary recovery ASTM (2002) method D4282-02;
followed by
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– F; or
ASTM (2002) D4282-02

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

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Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Cyanide (total) Preliminary treatment, if required, APHA (1998 or 2001
supplement) section 4500-CN– B; followed by
distillation APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section
4500-CN– C; followed by
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– F

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or
USEPA (1980) method 335.2
Note: If your discharge is a slurry—that is, contains a

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high fraction of solids—contact your licensing officer for
further advice on the appropriate method.
Cyanide (weak acid dissociable) Preliminary treatment, if required, APHA (1998 or 2001
supplement) section 4500-CN– B; followed by
APHA (1998) section 4500-CN– I
e Note: If your discharge is a slurry—that is, contains a
high fraction of solids—contact your licensing officer for
further advice on the appropriate method.
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2,4-D APHA (1998) section 6640; or
*USEPA (1996f) method 8151A; or
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
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Note: When using method 8321A it is recommended that

samples be hydrolysed to the ester form to simplify
analysis.

4,4′-DDD APHA (1998) section 6410; or

4,4′-DDE APHA (1998) section 6630; or

Su

4,4′-DDT *USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Depth AS 3550.7—1993; or
AS 3778—2001
Diazinon USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or
USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Note: Diazinon may be analysed using USEPA method
8270C provided that the extraction is performed at a
neutral pH as per method USEPA 8141B.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

17
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310
Dibromochloromethane APHA (1998) section 6200; or
APHA (1998) section 6232; or

d
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

de
1,2-Dichlorobenzene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
1,3-Dichlorobenzene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
1,4-Dichlorobenzene *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
e *USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine APHA (1998) section 6410; or

rs
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

1,1-Dichloroethane APHA (1998) section 6200; or

1,2-Dichloroethane *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
pe

1,1-Dichloroethene *USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

2,4-Dichlorophenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6420; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Su

Dieldrin APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6630; or
*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
2,4-Dimethylphenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6420; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

18
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Diquat USEPA (1992e) method 549.1 (EPA-500 Series
Supplement II, Aug 1992)
Dissolved organic carbon APHA (1998) section 5310
Dissolved organic halogen APHA (1998) section 5320 B
Includes: Note: this is a general screening method. Individually
listed compounds should preferably be tested by their
Trihalomethanes
specific methods, where included in this list.

d
Trichloroethene
Tetrachloroethene

de
Other halogenated alkanes and alkenes
Chlorinated and brominated pesticides
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Hexachlorobenzene
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Dissolved oxygen
e APHA (1998) section 4500-O
Diuron USEPA (1998b) method 8321B
rs
DTPA There is no approved method for DTPA. Contact your
licensing officer for further information
Endosulfan I APHA (1998) section 6410; or
pe

Endosulfate II APHA (1998) section 6630; or

Endosulfan sulfate *USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Endrin APHA (1998) section 6410; or
Su

APHA (1998) section 6630; or

*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Enterococci APHA (1998) section 9230; or

AS 4276.8—1995; or
AS 4276.9—1995
Ethanol USEPA (1996h) method 8015B
Ethyl benzene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

19
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Extractable base/neutrals and acids APHA (1998) section 6410; or
Includes: *USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Anthracene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene

d
Benzo(ghi)perylene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
beta-BHC

de
Chlordane
2-Chlorophenol
Chrysene
4,4′-DDD
4,4′-DDE
4,4′-DDT
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
e
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
rs
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine
2,4-Dichlorophenol
pe

Dieldrin
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Endosulfan sulfate
Fluoranthene
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Su

Hexachlorobenzene
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenol
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-1016,
PCB-1221, PCB-1232, PCB-1242, PCB-
1248, PCB-1254, PCB-1260)
Pyrene
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Faecal coliforms Refer to section on Coliforms
Floatables APHA (1998) section 2530

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

20
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Flow AS 3778 (several volumes)
Note: This standard covers methods for use in open
channels and waterways. To determine flow in pipes, use
pumping capacity, pressure differences, or
electromagnetic, ultrasonic or other techniques.
Fluoranthene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or

d
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

de
Fluoride Preliminary distillation step, if required, APHA (1998)
section 4500-F– B;
followed by
APHA (1998) section 4140; or
e APHA (1998) section 4500-F– C; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-F– D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-F– E
rs
Formaldehyde USEPA (1996i) method 8315A
Glyphosate APHA (1998) section 6651; or
USEPA (1990) method 547
pe

Heptachlor APHA (1998) section 6410; or

Heptachlor epoxide APHA (1998) section 6630; or
*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Su

Hexachlorobenzene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
USEPA (1998c) method 8081B
Hydrogen sulfide (un-ionised) Refer to section on Sulfide
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

21
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Iron (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

de
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
e extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
rs
Iron (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Iron (acid extractable)
Iron (suspended) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Iron (acid extractable)
pe

Lead (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
Su

USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or

USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

22
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Lead (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then

treat according to Lead (acid extractable)
Lead (suspended) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Lead (acid extractable)
Lindane APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6630; or

d
*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

de
Lithium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
e USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
rs
Then use USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
USEPA (1996c) method 6010B
pe

Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid

extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Magnesium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
Su

or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

23
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method

Malathion USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or

USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

d
e de
rs
pe
Su

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

24
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Manganese (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

de
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
rs
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Manganese (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Manganese (acid extractable)
pe

MCPA APHA (1998) section 6640; or

*USEPA (1996f) method 8151A; or
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
Note: When using method 8321A samples should be
hydrolysed to the ester form to simplify analysis.
Su

Mercury (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then

treat according to Mercury (total)

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

25
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Mercury (total) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use APHA (1998) section 3112; or

d
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or

de
USEPA (1994b) method 245.1; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020† or
USEPA (2002) 1631E
APHA (1998) section 6211
Methane
Methomyl
e APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 6610; or
*USEPA (1994e) method 8318; or
rs
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A

Methoxychlor APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6630; or
pe

*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Methyl azinphos USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or
USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Su

Methylene blue active substances Refer to section on Anionic surfactants

Methyl ethyl ketone USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

2-Methylphenol USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
3-Methylphenol USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
4-Methylphenol
Metolachlor USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or
USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Molinate *USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
USEPA (1993a) method 634

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

26
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Molybdenum (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or

de
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
e Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
rs
Molybdenum (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Molybdenum (acid extractable)
pe

Naphthalene APHA (1998) section 6200; or

APHA (1998) section 6410; or
APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
Su

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or

*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

27
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Nickel (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

de
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
rs
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Nickel (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then

treat according to Nickel (acid extractable)
pe

Nitrobenzene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Nitrogen (ammonia) APHA (1998) section 4500-NH3 ; or
APHA (1998) section 4120; or
Su

APHA (1998) section 4130; or

USEPA (1993b) method 350.1
Note: For trade waste samples distillation is required
using APHA 4500-NH3 -C

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

28
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Nitrogen (nitrate) APHA (1998) section 4110; or
APHA (1998) section 4120; or
APHA (1998) section 4130; or
APHA (2001 supplement) section 4110; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 D; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 F; or

d
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 I
Nitrogen (nitrite) APHA (1998) section 4110; or

de
APHA (2001 supplement) section 4110; or
APHA (1998) section 4120; or
APHA (1998) section 4130; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO2 ; or
e APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 F (with cadmium column
removed); or
APHA (1998) section 4500-NO3 I (with cadmium column
rs
removed); or
USEPA (1993b) method 354.1
Nitrogen (organic) Organic nitrogen is to be calculated as:
pe

Nitrogen (organic) = Total Kjeldahl nitrogen – Nitrogen

(ammonia); or
Nitrogen (organic) = Nitrogen (total) – [Nitrogen (ammonia)
+ Nitrogen (total oxidised)]
Nitrogen (total) Nitrogen (total) can be determined through calculation,
Su

using:
Nitrogen (total) = Total Kjeldahl nitrogen + Nitrogen (total
oxidised); or measured directly using
APHA (1998) section 4500-N C
Where a licensee can demonstrate equivalent results, the
following direct Nitrogen (total) methods can also be
used:
APHA (1998) section 4120; or
APHA (1998) section 4130.
Note: The direct persulfate digestion method (4500-N C)
for analysis of Nitrogen (total) may not be suitable where
there are high levels of particulates in the sample.

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

29
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Nitrogen (total oxidised) This is the sum total of oxidised forms of nitrogen, i.e.
Nitrogen (nitrate) + Nitrogen (nitrite). For the approved
methods, refer to Nitrogen (nitrate).
Total Kjeldahl nitrogen APHA (1998) section 4120; or
APHA (1998) section 4130; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Norg; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-Norg with Jirka modification
(Jirka et al. 1976); or

d
USEPA (1993b) method 351.2
Nonylphenol ethoxylates There are no standard methods for these analytes. If you

de
need to monitor for these analytes, seek advice from your
Octylphenol ethoxylates
licensing officer before commencing sampling or
analysis.
Odour APHA (1998) section 2150
Note: Exercise great care if undertaking this method of

Oil and grease

e analysis. There are potential hazards to the tester.

APHA (1998) section 5520B; or

APHA (1998) section 5520C; or
rs
APHA (1998) section 5520D; or
*USEPA (1994c) method 1664; or
APHA (1998) section 5520F (hydrocarbons only)
pe

Organochlorine pesticides APHA (1998) section 6410; or

Includes: APHA (1998) section 6630; or
Aldrin
*USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or
alpha-BHC
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
beta-BHC
Su

4,4′-DDD
4,4′-DDE
4,4′-DDT
Dieldrin
Endosulfan sulfate
Endrin
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Lindane
Methoxychlor

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

30
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Organophosphorus pesticides USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
Includes: USEPA (1998a) method 8141B
Chlorpyrifos
Chlorpyrifos Methyl
Diazinon
Dimethoate
Ethion
Malathion

d
Methyl azinphos
Parathion
Parathion methyl

de
Oxidation–reduction potential APHA (1998) section 2580

Paraquat USEPA (1992e) method 549.1 (EPA-500 Series

Supplement II, Aug. 1992)

Parathion USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or

e USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Pentachlorophenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or
rs
APHA (1998) section 6420; or
APHA (1998) section 6640; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
pe

*USEPA (1996f) method 8151A; or

*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
Note: When using method 8321A, samples should be
hydrolysed to the ester form to simplify analysis.
Su

Perylene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

31
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Petroleum hydrocarbons and BTEX: (a) Petroleum hydrocarbons:
(a) Total petroleum hydrocarbons USEPA (1996h) method 8015B
(b) BTEX (equals Benzene +Ethyl (b) BTEX:
benzene +Toluene +Xylene, including: m-
Xylene, o-Xylene and p-Xylene) APHA (1998) section 6200; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
pH value APHA (1998) section 4500-H+

d
Phenol and individual phenolic APHA (1998) section 6410; or
compounds
APHA (1998) section 6420; or

de
Includes:
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
2-Chlorophenol
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
2,4-Dichlorophenol
For individual phenolic compounds, refer to their
2,4-Dimethylphenol individual listings or look under Extractable base/neutrals
Phenol and acids

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
e
Substituted phenols and cresols APHA (1998) section 6410; or
rs
APHA (1998) section 6420; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
pe

Total phenolics APHA (1998) section 5530

Phosphorus (dissolved reactive) APHA (1998) section 4500-P B; followed by

APHA (1998) section 4110; or
APHA (2001 supplement) section 4110; or APHA (1998)
section 4120; or
Su

APHA (1998) section 4130; or

APHA (1998) section 4500-P E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-P F; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-P G; or
USEPA (1971) method 365.2; or
USEPA (1978a) method 365.3

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

32
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Phosphorus (total) APHA (1998) section 4500-Norg with Jirka modification—
Jirka et al. (1976); or
APHA (1998) section 4500-P B; Persulfate digestion;
followed by:
APHA (1998) section 4500-P E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-P F; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-P H

d
or
USEPA (1971) method 365.2; or
USEPA (1978a) method 365.3; or

de
USEPA (1996c) method 6010B
Note: The direct persulfate digestion method (4500-P B)
for analysis of Phosphorus (total) may not be suitable
where there are high levels of particulates in the sample.
Phosphorus (total dissolved)
e Filtration through 0.45-µm membrane filter followed by:
APHA (1998) section 4500-Norg with Jirka modification—
Jirka et al. (1976); or
rs
APHA (1998) section 4500-P B; Persulfate digestion;
followed by:
APHA (1998) section 4500-P E; or
pe

APHA (1998) section 4500-P F; or

APHA (1998) section 4500-P H
or
USEPA (1971) method 365.2; or
USEPA (1978a) method 365.3
Su

Polychlorinated biphenyls APHA (1998) section 6431; or

*USEPA (2000) method 8082A

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

33
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons APHA (1998) section 6410; or
Includes: APHA (1998) section 6440; or
Acenaphthene *USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
Acenaphthylene *USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or
Anthracene *USEPA (1986b) method 8310
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene

d
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(ghi)perylene

de
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Chrysene
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Fluoranthene
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
e
Pyrene
rs
Potassium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
pe

USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or

USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
Su

*APHA (1998) section 3500-K; or

USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Pyrene APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6440; or
*USEPA (1986a) method 8100; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C; or

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

34
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
*USEPA (1986b) method 8310

d
e de
rs
pe
Su

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

35
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Quaternary salts USEPA (1992e) method 549.1 (EPA-500 Series
Supplement II, Aug. 1992)
Includes:
Diquat
Paraquat
Radionuclide(s) For gross alpha and beta:
AS 3550.5—1990; or
APHA (1998) section 7110 B; or

d
APHA (1998) section 7110 C
For gamma-emitting radionuclides:

de
APHA (1998) section 7120 B; or
APHA (1998) section 7500-Cs B (Caesium); or
APHA (1998) section 7500-I (Iodine); or
APHA (1998) section 7500-Ra (Radium)
e For Strontium: APHA (1998) section 7500-Sr B
For Tritium: APHA (1998) section 7500-3 HB
rs
For Uranium: APHA (1998) section 7500-U
Salinity Conductivity—APHA (1998) section 2510; or
Includes: Salinity—APHA (1998) section 2520
Use for calculation of salt load [in the load
pe

calculation protocol only]

Su

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

36
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Selenium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020AThen use *APHA (1998)
section 3113; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3114; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or

de
APHA (1998) section 3500-Se; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
e *USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
rs
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Semi-volatile organic hydrocarbons APHA (1998) section 6410; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
pe

Silver (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
Su

USEPA (1992c) method 3020A; or

acid digestion by the method of Yang et al. (2002)
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

37
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Simazine USEPA (1998a) method 8141B; or

USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Note: Simazine may be analysed using USEPA method
8270C provided the extraction is performed at a neutral
pH as per method USEPA 8141B.
Sodium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);

d
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or

de
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
e *APHA (1998) section 3120; or
APHA (1998) section 3500-Na; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
rs
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
pe

extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Solids:
(a) Total dissolved solids APHA (1998) section 2540C
Su

APHA (1998) section 2540D; or

(b) Total suspended solids

USEPA (1999) method 160.2; or

AS 3550.4—1990
Standing water level Refer to section on Depth

Styrene APHA (1998) section 6200; or

*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Substituted phenols and cresols Refer to sections on Phenol

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

38
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Sulfate APHA (1998) section 4110; or
APHA (2001 supplement) section 4110; or
APHA (1998) section 4140; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-SO4 2– E; or
APHA (1998) section 4500-SO4 2– F; or
USEPA (1978b) method 375.4
Sulfide (dissolved) APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 4500-S2–

d
Note: If sample contains suspended solids, then use
4500-S2- -B followed by 4500-S2- -D;

de
If sample contains no suspended solids then use
4500-S2- -D.
Sulfide (total) APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 4500-S2–

Hydrogen sulfide (un-ionised) APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 4500-S2– H

e Note: Use dissolved sulfide value in the calculations
2,4,5-T APHA (1998) section 6640; or
rs
*USEPA (1996f) method 8151A; or
USEPA (1996e) method 8321A
Note: When using method 8321A, samples should be
hydrolysed to the ester form to simplify analysis.
pe

Temperature APHA (1998) section 2550

Tetrachloroethene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Su

2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or

APHA (1998) section 6420; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

Thermotolerant coliforms APHA (1998 or 2001 supplement) section 9221; or

(also known as faecal coliforms) APHA (1998) section 9222 or
AS 4276.6—1995 or
AS 4276.7—1995
Thiobencarb USEPA (1996a) method 8270C

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

39
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Tin (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use APHA (1998) section 3111B; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3111D; or
*APHA (1998) section 3113; or

de
APHA (1998) section 3125; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8; or
USEPA (1994f) method 6020
e Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
rs
Titanium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
pe

USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or

USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
Su

*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B

Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.

Toluene APHA (1998) section 6200; or

*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Total Kjeldahl nitrogen Refer to sections on Nitrogen
Total organic carbon (in water) APHA (1998) section 5310

Total dissolved solids Refer to section on Solids

Total suspended solids

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

40
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Toxicity testing Where toxicity testing is required, the details should be
negotiated on a case-by-case basis with the licensing
officer and specialist staff from DEC.
Guidance on appropriate methods for toxicity testing will
be provided as part of these negotiations.
Tributyltin Greaves and Unger (1988); or
USEPA (1989) method 282.3 or
USEPA (2003) method 8323.

d
Note: USEPA method 282.3 has not been promulgated
and may be hard to obtain (USEPA regional method)

de
1,1,1-Trichloroethane APHA (1998) section 6200; or
1,1,2-Trichloroethane *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Trichloroethene APHA (1998) section 6200; or
e *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol APHA (1998) section 6410; or

rs
APHA (1998) section 6420; or
*USEPA (1996g) method 8041; or
*USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
pe

Trifluralin USEPA (1998c) method 8081B; or

USEPA (1996a) method 8270C
Trihalomethanes and chlorinated organic APHA (1998) section 6232; or
solvents
APHA (1998) section 6200; or
Su

Includes:
*USEPA (1996d) method 8021B; or
Bromoform
*USEPA (1996b) method 8260B
Bromodichloromethane
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dibromochloromethane
Tetrachloroethene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
Turbidity APHA (1998) section 2130

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

41
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Vanadium (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or
USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111D; or

d
*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or

de
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
e extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Velocity [of flow] AS 3778 (several volumes)
rs
Vinyl chloride APHA (1998) section 6200; or
USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
USEPA (1996d) method 8021B
pe

Volatile halogenated compounds APHA (1998) section 6200; or

USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
USEPA (1996d) method 8021B
Su

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

42
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Volatile organic compounds APHA (1998) section 6200; or
Includes: *USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
Benzene *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B
Bromoform
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform

d
Dibromochloromethane
1,2-Dichlorobenzene

de
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethene
Ethyl benzene
e
Naphthalene
rs
Styrene
Tetrachloroethene
Toluene
pe

1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
Vinyl chloride
Su

m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

43
Table 1: EPA-approved methods for the analysis of water pollutants
Analyte Method
Volume AS 3778 covers methods for determining width, depth
and velocity in open channels and waterways. For a
standing water body, volume can be calculated as:

Volume = width × length × depth

A volume of flowing water can be calculated as:
Volume = cross-sectional area × flow (velocity), where cross-
sectional area =width × depth
For pipes, the volume can be estimated from the known

d
pump capacity multiplied by the duration of pumping.
In all calculations, ensure that measuring instruments are
calibrated and the units of measurement are the same.

de
Averages of several measurements should be used when
calculating values. See also Depth, Flow and Velocity.

Xylene APHA (1998) section 6200; or

Includes: *USEPA (1996b) method 8260B; or
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
e *USEPA (1996d) method 8021B

p-Xylene
rs
Zinc (acid extractable) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030(E – K);
or
USEPA (1992a) method 3005A; or
pe

USEPA (1992b) method 3010A; or

USEPA (1994g) method 3015; or
USEPA (1992c) method 3020A
Then use *APHA (1998) section 3111B; or
Su

*APHA (1998) section 3111C; or

*APHA (1998) section 3120; or
*APHA (1998) section 3125† ; or
*APHA (1998) section 3130B; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.7; or
USEPA (1994b) method 200.8 † ; or
*USEPA (1996c) method 6010B; or
*USEPA (1994f) method 6020†
Note: For the purposes of this document, the term “acid
extractable” is as defined in APHA (1998) section 3030A.
Zinc (dissolved) Preliminary treatment APHA (1998) section 3030B; then
treat according to Zinc (acid extractable)

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

44
 d
e de
rs
pe
Su

* Preferred methods
† Used when very low concentrations (< 100 µg/L) are tested

45
References
APHA 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 20th Edition.
American Public Health Association, Washington DC.
APHA 2001. Revisions to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
(Supplement). American Public Health Association, Washington DC.
ASTM 2002. D4282-02: Standard Test Method for Determination of Free Cyanide in Water and
Wastewater by Microdiffusion. American Society for Testing and Materials, Washington DC.
Greaves J. and Unger M.A. 1988. A selected ion monitoring assay for tributyltin and its
degradation products. Biomedical and Environmental Mass Spectrometry 15: 565–569.
Jirka A.M., Carter M.J., May D. and Fuller F.D. 1976. Ultra-micro semi-automated method for
simultaneous determination of total phosphorus and total Kjeldahl nitrogen in wastewaters.

d
Environmental Science and Technology 10 (10): 1038–1044.
Standards Association of Australia 1986. AS 2882—1986: Waters—Determination of Chromium(VI)

de
(Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method). Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Association of Australia 1998. AS/NZS 5667.1—1998: Water Quality—Sampling — Part
1: Guidance on the Design of Sampling Programs, Sampling Techniques and the Preservation and
Handling of Samples. Standards Association of Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia 1990. AS 3550.4—1990: Waters—Determination of Solids— Gravimetric
e
Method. Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia 1990. AS 3550.5—1990: Waters—Determination of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta
Activities. Standards Australia, Sydney.
rs
Standards Australia 1993. AS 3550.7—1993: Waters— The construction and use of the Secchi disc.
Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia 1995. AS 4276.4—1995: Water Microbiology—Coliforms—Estimation of Most
pe

Probable Number (MPN). Standards Australia, Sydney.

Standards Australia 1995. AS 4276.5—1995: Water Microbiology—Coliforms—Membrane Filtration
Method. Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia 1995. AS 4276.6—1995: Water Microbiology—Thermotolerant Coliforms and
Escherichia coli—Estimation of Most Probable Number (MPN). Standards Australia, Sydney.
Su

Standards Australia 1995. AS 4276.7—1995: Water Microbiology—Thermotolerant Coliforms and

Escherichia coli—Membrane Filtration Method. Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia 1995. AS 4276.8—1995: Water microbiology—Faecal streptococci – Estimation of
Most Probable Number (MPN). Standards Australia, Sydney.
Standards Australia. 1995. AS 4276.9—1995: Water microbiology— Faecal streptococci - Membrane
Filtration Method. Standards Australia, Sydney.
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volumes; years 1990, 1991, 1992 and 2001]. Standards Australia, Sydney.
USEPA 1971. Method 365.2. Phosphorus, All Forms (Colorimetric, Ascorbic, Acid, Single Reagent).
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. (EPA 600/4 -79-020)
Available at:www.epa.gov/clariton/clhtml/pubtitleORD.html

46
USEPA 1978a. Method 365.3. Phosphorus, All Forms (Colorimetric, Ascorbic, Acid, Single Reagent).
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. (EPA 600/4 -79-020)
Available at: www.epa.gov/clariton/clhtml/pubtitleORD.html
USEPA 1978b. Method 375.4. Sulfate (Turbidimetric). United States Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C. (EPA 600/4 -79-020) Available at:
www.epa.gov/clariton/clhtml/pubtitleORD.html
USEPA 1980. Method 335.2. Cyanide, Total (Titrimetric, Spectrophotometric). United States
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. (EPA 600/4-79-020) Available at:
www.epa.gov/clariton/clhtml/pubtitleORD.html
USEPA 1986a. Method 8100. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. United States Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm

d
USEPA 1986b. Method 8310. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. United States Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm

de
USEPA 1989. Method 282.3. The Determination of Tributyltin Chloride in Marine and Freshwaters by
Liquid–Solid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection. (01A0006709).
Boston, MA, USA.
USEPA 1990. Method 547. Determination of Glyphosate in Drinking Water by Direct—Aqueous—
Injection HPLC, Post Column Derivatization, and Fluorescence Detection. United States
e
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati. (EPA 600/4 -90-020) Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/clhtml/clprint.htm
rs
USEPA 1992a Method 3005A. Acid Digestion of Waters for Total Recoverable or Dissolved Metals for
Analysis by FLAA or ICP Spectroscopy In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical
Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
pe

USEPA 1992b Method 3010A. Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts for Total Metals for
Analysis by FLAA or ICP Spectroscopy In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical
Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1992c Method 3020A. Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts for Total Metals for
Analysis by GFAA Spectroscopy In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical
Su

Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htmUSEPA 1992d Method
7196A. Chromium Hexavalent (Colorimetric) In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste:
Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington DC. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1992e. Supplement II. Method 549.1. Determination of Diquat and Paraquat in Drinking
Water by Liquid–Solid Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet
Detection. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
USEPA 1993a. Method 634. Methods for the Determination of Nonconventional Pesticides in
Municipal and Industrial Wastewater. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington DC. (EPA 821/R-93-010-A).
USEPA 1993b. Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. (EPA 600/R-93-100).

47
USEPA 1994a Method 8316: Acrylamide, Acrylonitrile and Acrolein by High Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC). United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Available at: : http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1994b. Supplement I. Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
USEPA 1994c. Method 1664: N-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM) and Silica Gel Treated N-Hexane
Extractable Material (SGT-HEM) by Extraction and Gravimetry (Oil and Grease and Total Petroleum
Hydrocarbons). Office of Water Engineering and Analysis Division (4303), United States
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. (EPA-821-B-94-004). October.
USEPA 1994d. 40 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) 136, Method 603—Acrolein and
Acrylonitrile. Office of the Federal Register, Washington DC.
USEPA 1994e. Method 8318. N-Methylcarbamates by high Performance Liquid Chromatography

d
(HPLC). United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1994f. Method 6020. Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry. United States

de
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1994g. Method 3015. Microwave Assisted Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts.
In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United
States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
e
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996a. Method 8270C. Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography / Mass
rs
Spectrometry (GC/MS). In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-
846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available
at: :http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996b.Method 8260B. Volatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography / Mass
pe

Spectrometry (GC/MS). In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-
846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available
at: : http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996c. Method 6010B. Inductively Coupled Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectrometry. In Test
Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
Su

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996d. Method 8021B. Aromatic Halogenated Volatiles by Gas Chromatography Using
Photoionization and/or Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors. In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste:
Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, DC. Available at: : http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996e. Method 8321A. Solvent Extractable Non-volatile Compounds by High Performance
Chromatography / Thermospray / Mass Spectrometry (HPLC/TS/MS) or ultraviolet (UV) Detection. In
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United
States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996f. Method 8151A. Chlorinated Herbicides by GC Using Methylation
Pentafluorobenzylation Derivatization. In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical

48
Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
DC. Available at: : http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996g. Method 8041. Phenols by Gas Chromatography. In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid
Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996h. Method 8015B. Nonhalogenated Organics Using GC/FID. In Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd edition. United States
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Available at: :
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1996i. Method 8315A. Determination of Carbonyl Compounds by High Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC). In Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods,
SW-846, 3rd edition. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.

d
Available at: : http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm
USEPA 1998a. Draft Update IVA. January 1998. Method 8141B. Organophosphorus Compounds by

de
Gas Chromatography. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/up4a.htm
USEPA 1998b. Draft Update IVA. January 1998. Method 8321B. Solvent Extractable Nonvolatile
Compounds by High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Thermospray/Mass Spectrometry
(HPLC/TS/MS) or Ultraviolet (UV) Detection. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
e
Washington DC. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/up4a.htm
USEPA 1998c. Draft Update IVB. January 1998. Method 8081B. Organochlorine Pesticides by Gas
Chromatography. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. Available at:
rs
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/up4b.htm
USEPA 1999. Method 160.2. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. (EPA 600/4 -79-
020). United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/cincl
pe

USEPA 2000. Draft Update IVB. November 2000. Method 8082A. Polychlorinated Biphenyls
(PCBs) by Gas Chromatography. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington
DC. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/pdfs/8082a.pdf
USEPA 2002. Method 1631 Revision E. Mercury in Water by Oxidation, Purge and Trap, and Cold
Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Su

Washington DC. (EPA-821-R-02-019 ) August 2002. Available at:

http://www.epa.gov/ost/methods/1631.html
USEPA 2003. Method 8323. Determination of Organotins by Micro-Liquid Chromatography—
Electrospray Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington DC. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/new -
meth.htm#8323
Yang X.J., Foley R. and Low G.K.C. 2002. A modified digestion procedure for analysing silver in
environmental water samples. The Analyst 127: 315–318.

49
APPENDIX 1 ALTERNATIVE NAMES FOR ANALYTES
Table A1 this appendix gives the alternative names of analytes that are held to be synonymous
with those given in the Approved Methods table. Table A2 gives the names of the Approved
Methods analytes and possible synonymous alternative names. Alternative names may appear
in regulations, in the load calculation protocol or on licences.

Table A1: Alternative names and their synonyms in the Approved Methods
table
Alternative analyte name Analyte name in Approved Methods table

d
AOX Dissolved organic halogen
Adsorbable organic halogens Dissolved organic halogen

de
Alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) Alkalinity (total)
Aluminium Aluminium (acid extractable)

Ammonia Nitrogen (ammonia)

Ammonia nitrogen Nitrogen (ammonia)
Antimony
e Antimony (acid extractable)
Arsenic Arsenic (acid extractable)
rs
Barium Barium (acid extractable)
Benzo(ghl)perylene, benzo(g,h,l)perylene Benzo(ghi)perylene
(Note: incorrect names)

Beryllium Beryllium (acid extractable)

pe

a-BHC alpha-BHC
b-BHC beta-BHC
Bicarbonate Alkalinity (bicarbonate)

Biochemical oxygen demand Biochemical oxygen demand (5-day)

Su

BOD, BOD5 Biochemical oxygen demand (5-day)

BOD (for the purpose of determining the Biochemical oxygen demand (5-day)
3DGM)
Boron Boron (acid extractable)
Boron (total) Boron (acid extractable)
Cadmium Cadmium (acid extractable)

Calcium Calcium (acid extractable)

COD Chemical oxygen demand
Chloramines Chlorine (combined residual)
Chlorine Chlorine (free residual)

Chloronaphthalene 1-Chloronaphthalene

50
Table A1: Alternative names and their synonyms in the Approved Methods
table
Alternative analyte name Analyte name in Approved Methods table
Chloronaphthalene(1) 1-Chloronaphthalene
Chromium (VI) compounds Chromium (hexavalent)
Chromium (III) compounds Chromium (trivalent)

Chromium (total) Chromium (acid extractable)

Copper Copper (acid extractable)
DDD 4,4′-DDD
DDE 4,4′-DDE

d
DDT 4,4′-DDT
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-D

de
Dichlorobenzidine 3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine
Diphenyl hydrazine 1,2-Diphenyl hydrazine
DO Dissolved oxygen
DOX Dissolved organic halogen
FC, fc
e Faecal coliforms [see under Coliforms in
approved methods table]
FRC Chlorine (free residual)
rs
Free cyanide Cyanide (free)

Free residual chlorine Chlorine (free residual)

Filterable iron Iron (dissolved)
pe

Filterable manganese Manganese (dissolved)

gamma-BHC (lindane) Lindane

g-BHC (lindane) Lindane

Guthion (methyl azinphos) Methyl azinphos
Su

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) Hexachlorobenzene

Hexavalent chromium Chromium (hexavalent)
Insoluble lead Lead (suspended)

Iron Iron (acid extractable)

Lead Lead (acid extractable)
Lithium Lithium (acid extractable)
Magnesium Magnesium (acid extractable)

Manganese Manganese (acid extractable)

MBAS Anionic surfactants
MCPA 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
Mercury Mercury (total)

51
Table A1: Alternative names and their synonyms in the Approved Methods
table
Alternative analyte name Analyte name in Approved Methods table
Mercury (inorganic) Mercury (total)
Methylene blue active substances Anionic surfactants
3-Methylphenol (m-cresol) 3-Methylphenol

2-Methylphenol (o-cresol) 2-Methylphenol

4-Methylphenol (p -cresol) 4-Methylphenol
Molybdenum Molybdenum (acid extractable)
NH3 -N Nitrogen (ammonia)

d
Nickel Nickel (acid extractable)
Nitrate Nitrogen (nitrate)

de
Nitrate + nitrite (oxidised nitrogen) Nitrogen (total oxidised)
Nitrite Nitrogen (nitrite)
Nitrogen Nitrogen (total)

Nitrogen as ammonia Nitrogen (ammonia)

Non-filterable iron
Non-filterable residue
e Iron (suspended)
Total suspended solids
o-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichlorobenzene
rs
Organic nitrogen Nitrogen (organic)
Organophosphate pesticides Organophosphorus pesticides
Orthophosphate Phosphorus (dissolved reactive)
pe

PAHs Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDD (4,4) 4,4′-DDD

Su

p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDE (4,4) 4,4′-DDE

p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT (4,4) 4,4′-DDT

Reactive phosphorus Phosphorus (dissolved reactive)
Redox potential Oxidation–reduction potential
Salt Salinity, conductivity
Silicate (SiO2 ) Silica (acid extractable)
Soluble lead Lead (dissolved)

Soluble phosphorus Phosphorus (dissolved reactive)

Sulfur May mean sulfate or hydrogen sulfide (un-
ionised). Seek further advice from your EPA
regional office.

52
Table A1: Alternative names and their synonyms in the Approved Methods
table
Alternative analyte name Analyte name in Approved Methods table
TDS Total dissolved solids
Thermotolerant coliforms Faecal coliforms
TKN Total Kjeldahl nitrogen

TKN-N Total Kjeldahl nitrogen

TN Nitrogen (total)
TOC Total organic carbon
Total aluminium Aluminium (acid extractable)

d
Total cadmium Cadmium (acid extractable)
Total chromium Chromium (acid extractable)

de
Total copper Copper (acid extractable)
Total cyanide Cyanide (total)
Total iron Iron (acid extractable)

Total lead Lead (acid extractable)

Total manganese
Total nitrogen
e Manganese (acid extractable)
Nitrogen (total)
Total PAHs Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
rs
Total phosphorus Phosphorus (total)
Total phosphorus—filtered Phosphorus (total dissolved)
Total phosphorus—unfiltered Phosphorus (total)
pe

Total residual chlorine Chlorine (total residual)

Total zinc Zinc (acid extractable)

TP Phosphorus (total)
TRC Chlorine (total residual)
Su

Trivalent chromium Chromium (trivalent)

TSS Total suspended solids

Vanadium Vanadium (acid extractable)
WAD cyanide Cyanide (weak acid dissociable)
% Water-stable aggregates Aggregate stability
WSA—Water-stable aggregates Aggregate stability

Zinc Zinc (acid extractable)

53
Table A2: Names of analytes, as listed in the Approved Methods table, and their
common alternative names
Analyte name in Approved Methods table Alternative analyte name
Anionic surfactants Methylene blue active substances
Acrylonitrile Acrylonitrile (2-propenenitrile)

Alkalinity (bicarbonate) Bicarbonate

Alkalinity (total) Alkalinity (as calcium carbonate)
Aluminium (acid extractable) Aluminium, total aluminium
Antimony (acid extractable) Antimony

d
Arsenic (acid extractable) Arsenic

Barium (acid extractable) Barium

de
Benzo(ghi)perylene Benzo(ghl)perylene, benzo(g,h,l)perylene
(Note: incorrect names)
Beryllium (acid extractable) Beryllium
alpha-BHC a-BHC
beta-BHC b-BHC
Biochemical oxygen demand (5-day)
e Biochemical oxygen demand, BOD, BOD5 , BOD
(for the purpose of determining the 3DGM)
rs
Boron (acid extractable) Boron, boron (total)

Cadmium (acid extractable) Cadmium, total cadmium

Calcium (acid extractable) Calcium
pe

Chemical oxygen demand COD

Chlorine (combined residual) Chloramines
Chlorine (free residual) Chlorine, FRC, free residual chlorine

Chlorine (total residual) TRC, total residual chlorine

Su

1-Chloronaphthalene Chloronaphthalene(1)
Chromium (acid extractable) Chromium (total), total chromium
Chromium (hexavalent) Chromium (VI) compounds, hexavalent
chromium
Chromium (trivalent) Chromium (III) compounds, trivalent
chromium
Conductivity Salt [load calculation protocol only]
Copper (acid extractable) Copper, total copper
Cyanide (free) Free cyanide

Cyanide (total) Total cyanide

Cyanide (weak acid dissociable) WAD cyanide

4,4′-DDD DDD, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDD (4,4)

54
Table A2: Names of analytes, as listed in the Approved Methods table, and their
common alternative names
Analyte name in Approved Methods table Alternative analyte name

4,4′-DDE DDE, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDE (4,4)

4,4′-DDT DDT, p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT (4,4)

1,2-Dichlorobenzene o-Dichlorobenzene

3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine Dichlorobenzidine

1,2-Diphenyl hydrazine Diphenyl hydrazine

Dissolved organic halogen AOX, absorbable organic halogens
Dissolved oxygen DO

d
DTPA Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
pentasodium salt
Faecal coliforms FC, fc,

de
Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)

Iron (acid extractable) Iron, total iron

Iron (dissolved) Filterable iron
Iron (suspended) Non-filterable iron
Lead (acid extractable)
e Lead, total lead

Lead (dissolved) Soluble lead

rs
Lead (suspended) Insoluble lead
Lindane gamma-BHC (lindane), g-BHC (lindane)
Lithium (acid extractable) Lithium
pe

Magnesium (acid extractable) Magnesium

Manganese (acid extractable) Manganese, total manganese

Manganese (dissolved) Filterable manganese
Mercury (total) Mercury, mercury (inorganic)
Su

Methyl azinphos Guthion (methyl azinphos)

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid MCPA

2-Methylphenol 2-Methylphenol (o-cresol)
3-Methylphenol 3-Methylphenol (m-cresol)
4-Methylphenol 4-Methylphenol (p -cresol)

Molybdenum (acid extractable) Molybdenum

Nickel (acid extractable) Nickel
Nitrogen (ammonia) Nitrogen as ammonia, ammonia, ammonia
nitrogen, NH3 -N
Nitrogen (organic) Organic nitrogen
Nitrogen (nitrate) Nitrate

55
Table A2: Names of analytes, as listed in the Approved Methods table, and their
common alternative names
Analyte name in Approved Methods table Alternative analyte name
Nitrogen (nitrite) Nitrite
Nitrogen (total) Nitrogen, TN, total nitrogen
Nitrogen (total oxidised) Nitrate + nitrite (oxidised nitrogen)

Organophosphorus pesticides Organophosphate pesticides

Oxidation–reduction potential Redox potential
Phosphorus (dissolved reactive) Orthophosphate, reactive phosphorus, soluble
phosphorus
Phosphorus (total) TP, total phosphorus, total phosphorus—

d
unfiltered

Phosphorus (total dissolved) Total phosphorus—filtered

de
Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons Total PAHs
Salinity Salt [load calculation protocol only]

Silica (acid extractable) Silicate (SiO2 )

2,4,5-T
e 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Total dissolved solids TDS
rs
Total Kjeldahl nitrogen TKN, TKN-N

Total organic carbon TOC

Total suspended solids TSS
pe

Vanadium (acid extractable) Vanadium

Aggregate stability % Water-stable aggregates, WSA—water-stable
aggregates
Zinc (acid extractable) Total zinc, zinc
Su

56