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Grammar The Introduction

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9 views

Grammar The Introduction

Uploaded by

Shyam Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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English Grammar

Definition: -Grammar is the medium which teaches us reading, writing and speaking purely.

Structure of language
Letter-Word-Sentence-Paragraph-Language
Letter: -The smallest unit of any language is called letter. There are 26 letters in English alphabet.
Word: -A group of letters which have some meaningful sense, is called word. As- Ram, Shyam, Apple, Boy, Come,
Go, Do, Was, Were etc.

Sentence: -A group of words which makes complete sense, is called sentence. As- Shyam is a boy. Ram goes to
market. He is Doctor. etc.

Paragraphs: -A group of sentences which express an idea, are called paragraphs.

Parts of sentence
(1) Subject: -Subject is that part of the sentence about which we tell something.
(2) Predicate: - Predicate is that part of the sentence whatever we tell about the subject.
Example: -
Ram goes to market.
In the above sentence we tell something about Ram, so Ram is the subject of the sentence and
remained part of the sentence is predicate.

Kinds of Sentence
(1) Assertive Sentence:- A sentence that expresses a statement (Fact, thought, opinions) and with a full stop.
(a) Affirmative Sentence – Mohan loves to play.
(b) Negative Sentence – Mohan does not love to play.
(2) Interrogative Sentence:- Interrogative Sentence means a sentence that ask a question and end with question
mark. There are two types of interrogative sentence.
(a) Wh-Type Interrogative sentence- When did he will come to my house?
(b) Yes or No Type Interrogative Sentence – Do you speak English fluently?
(3) Imperative Sentence:- An Imperative Sentence expresses an order, request, command and suggestion.
Example- Go to the medical shop. Please give me a glass of water.
(4) Exclamatory Sentence:-
(5) Optative Sentence

Types of Sentence on the basis of structure


(1) Simple Sentence (Finite verb)
(2) Compound Sentence (Co-ordinate Clause)
(3) Complex Sentence (Sub-ordinate Clause)

Parts of Speech: -Arranging the words correctly according to their work in the sentence, is called parts of
speech. There are 9 parts of speech. These are –
(1) Noun
(2) Pronoun
(3) Adjective
(4) Verb
(5) Adverb
(6) Preposition
(7) Conjunction
(8) Interjection
(9) Article
Noun
Definition: - Noun is the name of a person, place or thing.
As – Ram, Shyam, Ganga, Yamuna, Himalaya, Modi, Yogi, Boy, Cat etc.

Kinds of noun
(1) Proper Noun: - Ram, Shyam, Ganga, Himalaya, India, Mita Soti, Basti etc.
(2) Common Noun: - Boy, Baby, Village, Bird, Knife etc.
(3) Collective Noun: - Team, Army, Crowd, Bunch etc.
(4) Material Noun: - Gold, Silver, Milk, Water, Iron, Stone, Glass etc.
(5) Abstract Noun: - Honesty, Kindness, Truth, Wisdom etc.
(6) *Countable Noun: - Apple, Boy, Cat, Dog, Man, Monkey etc.
(7) *Uncountable Noun: - Water, Milk, Stars, Honey etc.

Pronoun
Definition: -A pronoun is a word that is used in place of/instead of a noun.
As- He, She, It, They, Myself, My, This, Such etc.

Kinds of a pronoun

(1) Personal Noun: - He, she, it, they, I, we etc.


(2) Indefinite Pronoun: - All, one, some, other, few, any, somebody, anybody, everyone, nobody etc.
(3) Interrogative Pronoun: - What, who, whom, which etc.
(4) Relative Pronoun: - Who, whom, which, whose etc.
(5) Reflexive Pronoun: - Myself, ourselves, herself, itself etc.
(6) Distributive Pronoun: - Each, every, either, neither, none etc.
(7) Demonstrative Pronoun: - This, that, those, these, such, the same etc.
(8) Emphatic Pronoun: - Myself, herself, himself, themselves etc.
(9) Possessive Pronoun: - My, our, your, his, her, their, its etc.
(10)Reciprocal Pronoun: - Each other, one another.
(11)Exclamatory Pronoun: - What!

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