Scribd
Upload
27 views

Heat Exchangers Module IV

Uploaded by

fityzgaulles miyienda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views

Heat Exchangers Module IV

Uploaded by

fityzgaulles miyienda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Heat Exchangers

Prof J F Kanyua

Module IV: Shell and Multi- tube heat exchanger

Analysis of basic shell and multi-tube heat exchanger


A
C

HEADER HEADER

D SHELL

A: Tube side fluid inlet

B: Tube side fluid outlet

C: Shell side fluid inlet

D: Shell side fluid outlet

Simple single pass shell and tube Hx

Note that LMTD also applied when the temperature of one


fluid is constant.

When 𝑚𝑚ℎ 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝ℎ = 𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑐 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 , the temperature difference is constant


in counter current flow and ∆𝑇𝑇 ���� = ∆𝑇𝑇𝑎𝑎 = ∆𝑇𝑇𝑏𝑏

For more complex heat exchangers such as shell and tube heat
exchangers with several tube and /or shell passes and with

TUM Page 1 of 3
cross flow exchangers having mixed and unmixed flow, the
mathematical derivation of an expression.

For the mean temperature differences become quite complex.


The usual procedure is to modify the simple LMTD by
correction factors which have been published in charts by:

a) Bowman Mueller and nagle.


b) Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers association TEMA
See attached graphs

The ordinate (y – axis) is the correction factor F. to obtain the


true mean temperature for any of the exchanger types the
LMTD calculated for counterflow must be multiplied by the
appropriate correction factor ie

∆𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 × 𝐹𝐹

The values shown on the abscissa (x axis) are for the


dimentionless temperature difference ratio.

𝑃𝑃 = (𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 )⁄(𝑇𝑇𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 − 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 )

Where:

𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 0 and 𝑃𝑃 = 0 𝑇𝑇𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑃𝑃 = 1.0

Parameter Z for each curve equals to the ration of the products


of mass flow rate and the heat capacity of the two fluids ie

𝑍𝑍 = 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑖 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ⁄𝑚𝑚𝑠𝑠 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

Note also that:

TUM Page 2 of 3
𝑇𝑇𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 − 𝑇𝑇𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑍𝑍 = 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑖 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ⁄𝑚𝑚𝑠𝑠 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 =
𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑇𝑇𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

Note that in the application of the correction factors, it is


immaterial whether the warm fluid flows through shell or
tubes.

Note also that if the temperature of either fluid remains


constant, the direction of flow is also immaterial since 𝐹𝐹 = 1
and the LMTD applies directly.

th

tCOUT

tCIN
O A Total

TUM Page 3 of 3

You might also like